US3897347A - Washing agents containing a textile softener and process of washing and softening textiles - Google Patents

Washing agents containing a textile softener and process of washing and softening textiles Download PDF

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US3897347A
US3897347A US303274A US30327472A US3897347A US 3897347 A US3897347 A US 3897347A US 303274 A US303274 A US 303274A US 30327472 A US30327472 A US 30327472A US 3897347 A US3897347 A US 3897347A
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component
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carbon atoms
tenside
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Hans-Werner Eckert
Hans-Jurgen Lehmann
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/372—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing etherified or esterified hydroxy groups ; Polyethers of low molecular weight
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/42—Amino alcohols or amino ethers
    • C11D1/44—Ethers of polyoxyalkylenes with amino alcohols; Condensation products of epoxyalkanes with amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/368—Hydroxyalkylamines; Derivatives thereof, e.g. Kritchevsky bases

Definitions

  • An object of this invention is the development of textile softeners which are substantive and compatible with neutral to alkaline textile washing agents and processes of utilizing the same in the washing of textiles with anionic detergent substances in a one-step washing process.
  • Another object of the present invention is the development of a one-step process for the washing and softening of textiles which consists essentially of immersing soiled textiles in an aqueous, softening, washing liquor bath at temperatures of from to 100C for a time sufficient to clean and soften said textiles and recovering said cleaned and softened textiles, said aqueous, softening washing liquor bath containing (1) from 0.2 to L5 gm/liter ofa tenside component consisting of anionic surface-active sulfonates and sulfates with from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic moiety, soaps and optionally non-ionic surface-active compounds; (2) from 0.05 to 1.2 gm/liter of a softener component alkylenediamine of the formula:
  • R is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkadienyl having 8 to 24 carbon 'atoms and mixtures thereof, and R is alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, adducted with from 1 to 3 mols of a vicinal lower alkylene oxide; (3) from 0.2 to 6.0 gm/liter of at least one conventional builder salt wherein sufficient alkaline reacting builder salts are present whereby the pH of said washing liquor bath is 7 or over; and (4) from 0 to 2.5 gm/liter of any one of the following customary components of washing liquor baths: (a) soil suspension agents, (b) foam regulators, (c) bleach components, (d) enzymes, (e) optical brighteners and (f) anti-microbial agents.
  • a yet further object of the present invention is the development of a detergent composition containing textile softeners consisting essentially of:
  • R is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkadienyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof, and R is alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, adducted with from I to 3 mols of a vicinal lower alkylene oxide.
  • detergent compositions from 0 to 40% by weight of any one of the following customary components of detergent compositions; (a) soil suspension agents (b) enzymes, (c) optical brighteners, (d) antimicrobial agents, (e) bleach components, (f) perfumes and dyes, and (g) water;
  • the amount of said softener component in said detergent composition is from 2 to 20% by weight.
  • reaction products of from I to 3 mols of a lower alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with 1 mol of an alkylenediamine having 2 to 6, preferably 2 to 3 carbon atoms, said diamine being mono-N-substituted with an aliphatic hydrocarbon having 8 to 24, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, are suitable as textile softening agents under the conditions of the conventional washing bath, particularly in the presence of anionic tensides.
  • washing liquors that contain anionic tensides and a textile softening agent, by treating the goods to be laundered, at a liquor temperature of 20 to C in a known manner, and it is characterized in, that the washing liquors contain the following washin agent components:
  • a tenside component consisting substantially of anionic tensides of the sulfonate and/or sulfate type with preferably 8 to l8 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic moiety, soaps and, optionally nonionic tensides,
  • alkoxylation products are known. They may be obtained from the above-mentioned N-mono-substituted alkylenediamines, which are also known as technical products, by reaction with the corresponding vicinal lower alkylene oxide in the absence of a catalyst, for example analogous to the description in Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, 4th Edition, Xl/l, pages 3l l3 14 (I957) or in the U.S. Pat. Spec. No. 2,695,314.
  • the N-mono-substituted alkylenediamines are preferably compounds of the formula wherein R is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkadienyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and'mixtures thereof, and R is alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms. These compounds likewise are known compounds.
  • the alkoxylation products utilized as softener components preferably have the formula alkenyl having 12, to l8, carbon atoms, alkadienyl having 12, to 18, carbon atoms, and mixtures wherein R represents a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof, R represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl, m represents an integer of 2 and 3, and n represents an integer of0 and l, with the proviso that at least one n is l.
  • the alkoxylation products based on technical starting substances are essentially products in which the aliphatic residues preferably have straight chains and may be saturated or unsaturated, as for example, lauryl, myristyl, palmityl, palmitoleyl, stearyl, oleyl, arachidyl, behenyl or lignoceryl.
  • Alkoxylation products according to the above definitions in which the aliphatic residues are derived from natural fatty acid mixtures such as are obtained, for example, from coconut oil, tallow, soybean oil, linseed oil, palm oil, rapeseed and beet oil, fish and whale oils and their hydrogenation products, are of special practical importance.
  • the duration and liquor ratio depend upon the textile goods, to be washed, and upon the customary conditions in the home, the commercial laundries and the textile industry. Accordingly, the temperature of the washing liquor as well as the concentration of the active substances, contained in them, can be varied in the named ranges.
  • tenside and softener concentrations of an amount of from 0.4 to 1.2 gm/liter of the tenside component and of from 0.3 to 1.0 gm/liter of the textile softener component are used, and in performing the process in tank-washing machines preferably from 0.2 to 0.5 gm/liter of the tenside component and from 0.1 to 0.4 gm/liter of the textile softener component are used.
  • lt is, however, appropriate in both process variants to apply the tenside component in such amounts that are equal or greater than the amounts of textile softener.
  • the process of the invention is applied in the temperature range of hot or boiling washing, that is, at temperatures of substantially to 98C, percompounds can be added to the washing liquor, corresponding to an amount of from 0.05 to 0.2 gm/liter of active oxygen.
  • percompounds can be added to the washing liquor, corresponding to an amount of from 0.05 to 0.2 gm/liter of active oxygen.
  • the process is preferably applied in the temperature range of from 30 to 60C.
  • the process of the invention is suitable for all customary kinds of textiles, particularly for textiles of cellulosic material, such as cotton and linen.
  • the hardening of the washed goods can be prevented or largely reversed in a simple and, for the applier, convenient way.
  • the adsorptivity of the treated textiles is practically not impaired.
  • the treated washed goods possess effective antistatic properties, and this improvement is found particularly in textiles from synthetic fibers of the named kind.
  • the invention relates further to a washing composition agent for carrying out the process.
  • the softening washing agent is characterized by a composition in the range of the following formulation:
  • a surface-active combination consisting of 50 to 80% by weight of a tenside component, consisting substantially of anionic tensides of the sulfonate and/or sulfate type with preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic moiety, soaps, including a possibly present soap portion, serving as foam inhibitor and deriving from saturated fatty acids with 20 to 26 carbon atoms and, optionally, of nonionic tensides,
  • builder salts 95 to 20%, preferably 85 to 35% by weight of builder salts, wherein at least a part of these builders salts are alkaline reacting, and wherein the amount of the alkaline to neutral-reacting builder salts amounts preferably to 0.5 to 7 times, and particularly to l to 5 times, the amount of the total surface-active combination, and
  • washing agent ingredients from the group of soil suspension agents, enzymes, optical brighteners, anti-microbial agents, bleaching agents, perfume, dyes, and water;
  • the amount of the alkoxylation product serving as textile softener in the total washing agent amounts to 2 to 20%, preferably 5 to by weight.
  • the washing agent contains soap
  • the quantitative ratio of the anionic tensides of the sulfonate and/or sulfate type to soap is in the range of 30:1 to 1:5, preferably :l to 1:2.
  • the washing agent may also contain a bleaching component which, including optionally present stabilizers and/or activators, may amount to 2 to 35%, preferably 7 to 30% by weight of the total composition.
  • At least 15%, particularly at least 50% of the weight of the builder salts are sequestering or complex-forming builder salts, particularly alkali metal tripolyphosphates and/or organic sequestering agents.
  • this washing agent is preferably a detergent composition containing textile softeners consisting essentially of:
  • a tenside component consisting of from 20 to 100% by weight of said tenside component of anionic surface-active sulfonates and sulfates with from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic moiety, from 0 to 80% by weight of said tenside component of soaps and from 0 to 45% by weight of said tenside component of non-ionic surface-active compounds;
  • alkylenediamine of the formula wherein R is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkadienyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof, and R is alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, adducted with from 1 to 3 mols of a vicinal lower alkylene oxide;
  • detergent compositions from 0 to 40% by weight of any one of the following customary components of detergent compositions: (a) bleaches and their stabilizers and activators, (b) soil suspension agents, (0) optical brighteners, (d) enzymes, (e) anti-microbial agents and (f) water;
  • the amount of said alkylene diamine adduct in said detergent composition is from 2 to 20% by weight.
  • the washing agents in which the above defined textile softeners are used, may be present as liquids, pastes or powders. Powdery solid washing agents are preferred. Such powdery washing agents can be prepared by various known methods, where a washing agent powder is either admixed to the textile softener or the softening washing agent is obtained by mixing of the ingredients and transforming to a powder. In the simplest case, if the ingredients are present as more or less fine powders or granulates, the softening washing agent can be obtained by mixing of these ingredients.
  • an aqueous slurry of the washing agent ingredients or of part of them is made and transformed to a dry product.
  • hydratable inorganic salts are, as part of the builders, incorporated in such amounts into the aqueous mixture that they bind the total water present as water of crystallization.
  • Such a mixture solidifies without further aid to a solid product. This action can be speeded up by cooling.
  • the solid product is subsequently prepared to the proper particle size range in a conventional manner. If such a mixture is processed by the principle of cold-spraying, a powdery product is immediately obtained.
  • Water-soluble salts which form solid stable hydrates are suitable as hydratable inorganic salts, such as sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, etc., which salts are also known as builder salts as they are described below.
  • the aqueous mixture is dried hot in a known manner which can be done on a hot surface or in a hot air stream.
  • the softening washing agents are produced by the way of an aqueous mixture of the ingredients, preferably the softening agent, used according to the invention, of the above definition as well as certain other washing agent ingredients, such as non-surface-active foam inhibitors, bleaching agents, enzymes, etc., are not incorporated into the aqueous mixture, but added subsequently to the powdery washing agent.
  • ingredients of the softening washing agents are described more detailed, as arranged by classes of substances.
  • the tensides contain in the molecular at least one hydrophobic residue of mostly 8 to 26, preferably 10 to 22 and especially 10 to 18 carbon atoms, and least one anionic, nonionic or amphoteric water-solubilizing group.
  • the preferably saturated hydrophobic residue is mostly aliphatic, but possibly also alicyclic in nature. It may be combined directly with the water-solubilizing groups or through intermediate members, such as through benzene rings, carboxylic-acid ester links, carbonamide links or sulfonic-acid amide links as well as through etheror ester-like residues of polyhydric alcohols.
  • Soaps which are derived from natural or synthetic fatty acids, possibly also from resin acids or naphthenic acids, are utilizable as anionic detergent substances, especially if these acids have iodine values of not more than 30 and preferably less than 10.
  • the sulfonates and sulfates possess particularly practical importance.
  • the sulfonates include, for example, alkylbenzenesulfonates with preferably straight-chain C especially C alkyl residues, alkanesulfonates, obtainable from preferably saturated aliphatic C,,.,,,,, especially C hydrocarbons by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation, mixtures of alkenesulfonates, hydroxyalkanesulfonates and alkanedisulfonates, known under the name ofolefinsulfonates, which are formed by acidic or alkaline hydrolysis of the sulfonation products which first result from terminal or non-terminal C,, and preferably C olefins by sulfonation with sulfur trioxide.
  • the sulfonates include also salts, preferably alkali metal salts of a-sulfo fatty acids and salts of esters of these acids with mono or polyhydric alcohols with l to 4, and preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms.
  • sulfonates are salts of fatty acid esters of hydroxyethanesulfonic acid or of dihydroxypropanesulfonic acid.
  • Tensides of the sulfate type include fatty alcohol sulfates, especially those derived from coconut fatty alcohols, tallow fatty alcohols or from oleyl alcohol, also sulfatized fatty acid alkylamides or fatty acid monoglycerides and sulfated alkoxylation products of alkylphenols (CK-l5 alkyl).
  • anionic tensides of the carboxylate type for example, the fatty acid esters or fatty alcohol ethers of hydroxycarboxylic acids, are suitable as well as the amide-like condensation products of fatty acids or sulfonic acids with aminocarboxylic acids, such as glycocoll, sarcosine or with protein hydrolysates.
  • the anionic tensides are mosstly present as salts of the alkali metals, particularly of sodium, as well as the ammonium salts and salts of lower alkylamines or lower alkylolamines
  • the nonionic tensides include the polyethyleneglycol ethers, obtained by addition of from 4 to I00, preferably 6 to 40 and especially 8 to mols of ethylene oxide to fatty alcohols, alkylphenols, fatty acids, fatty amines, fatty acid amides or sulfonic acid amides, as well as the still water-soluble adducts of propylene oxide or butylene oxide to the above.
  • Nonionics products known by the trade name Pluronics or Tetronics
  • Pluronics or Tetronics belong to the Nonionics.
  • These products are obtained from water-insoluble polypropyleneglycols or from water-insoluble propoxylated lower aliphatic alcohols with l to 8, preferably 3 to 6 carbon atoms, or from water-insoluble propoxylated lower alkylenediamines, by ethoxylation until water-soluble.
  • Ucon-Fluid partly water-soluble reaction products of the above-named aliphatic alcohols with propylene oxide
  • Nonionics are fatty acid alkylolamides or sulfonic acid alkylolamides, derived, for example, from monoor diethanolamine, from dihydroxypropyl amine or other polyhydroxyalkyl amines, such as the glycamines. Also the oxides of higher tertiary amines with a hydrophobic alkyl residue and two shorter alkyl and/or alkylol residues, with up to 4 carbon atoms each, can be considered as Nonionics.
  • Amphoteric tensides contain in the molecule both acidic groups, such as carboxyl, sulfonic acid, sulfuric acid half esters, phosphonic acid and phosphoric acid partial ester groups, and also basic groups, such as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary ammonium groups.
  • Amphoteric compounds with quaternary ammonium groups belong to the type of the betaines.
  • Carboxy, sulfate and sulfonates betaines have a particularly practical interest because of their good compatibility with other tensides.
  • the foaming power of the tenside can be increased or reduced by combination of suitable tenside types, as well as changed by additions of non-tenside organic substances.
  • Suitable foam stabilizers particularly in tensides of the sulfonate or sulfate type, are surface-active carboxy or sulfobetaines, as well as the above-named nonionics of the alkylolamide type. Moreover, fatty alcohols or higher terminal diols have been suggested for this purpose.
  • a reduced foaming power that is desirable for the use in washing machines, is often attained by combination of different tenside types, such as of sulfates and/or sulfonates and/or of nonionics, on the one hand, with soaps, on the other hand.
  • soaps the foam inhibition increases with the degree of saturation and the number of carbons in the fatty acid residue. Soaps derived from saturated C fatty acids have been proven good as foam inhibitors.
  • the non-tenside foam inhibitors include N-alkylated aminotriazines, optionally containing chlorine, which are obtained by the reaction of 1 mol of cyanuric acid chloride with 2 to 3 mols of a monoand/or dialkylamine with 6 to 20, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radicals.
  • N-alkylated aminotriazines optionally containing chlorine
  • propoxylated and/or butoxylated aminotriazines such as, products that are obtained by the addition of from 5 to 10 mols of propylene oxide to 1 mol of melamine and further addition of from l0 to 50 mols of butylene oxide to this propylene-oxide derivative.
  • non-tenside foam inhibitors are waterinsoluble organic compounds, such as paraffms or halogenated paraffins with melting points below C, aliphatic C to C ketones as well as aliphatic carboxylic acid esters which contain in the acid or alcohol residue, optionally also in both of these residues, at least 18 carbon atoms (such as triglyceride or fatty acid/fatty alcohol esters). These compounds can be used for the inhibition of foam, above all in combinations of tensides of the sulfate and/or sulfonate type with soaps.
  • AS particularly low-foaming nonionics which can be used both alone, particularly in the agents for automatic dishwashing. and also in combination with anionic, amphoteric and nonionic tensides and to reduce the foaming power of better foaming tensides, addition products of propylene oxide to the above-described surface active polyethyleneglycol ethers are suitable as well as the also above-described Pluronic, Tetronic and Ucon-Fluid" types.
  • Suitable builder salts are weakly acid, neutral and alkaline reacting inorganic or organic salts, especially inorganic complex-foaming substances.
  • Useful, weakly acid, neutral or alkaline-reacting salts according to the invention are, for example, the bicarbonates, carbonates, borates or silicates of the alkali metals, also mono-, dior trialkali meta] orthophosphates, dior tetraalkali metal pyrophosphates, alkali metal metaphosphates known as sequestering agents, alkali metal sulfates as well as the alkali metal salts of organic non-surface-active sulfonic acids, carboxylic acids and sulfocarboxylic acids, containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • the bicarbonates, carbonates, borates or silicates of the alkali metals also mono-, dior trialkali meta] orthophosphates, dior tetraalkali metal pyrophosphates, alkali metal metaphosphates known as sequestering agents, alkali metal sulfates as well as the alkali metal salts of organic non
  • watersoluble salts of benzene-, tolueneor xylene-sulfonic acid water-soluble salts of sulfoacetic acid, sulfobenzoic acid or salts of sulfodicarboxylic acids as well as the salts of the acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid.
  • water-soluble salts such as the alkali metal salts, of higher-molecular weight polycarboxylic acids, particularly polymerizates of maleic acid, itaconic acid, mesaconic acid, fumaric acid, aconitic acid, methylenemalonic acid and citraconic acid.
  • mixed polymerizates of these acids with each other, or with other polymerizable substances such as. ethylene. propylene. acrylic acid. methacrylic acid. crotonic acid. 3-butenecarboxylic acid, 3-methyl-3-butenecarboxylic acid as well as with vinyl-methyl ether. vinyl acetate. isobutylene. acrylamide and styrene, are usable.
  • sequestering builders are the weakly acidic reacting metaphosphates and lkalin'e reacting polyphosphates, particularly-4 tripolyphosphate. These compounds may be replaced completely-or partially by organic sequestering agents.
  • the organic sequestering agents include, for example nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, N-hydroxyethyl-ethylenediaminetriaacetic acid, polyalkylenepolyamine-N-polycarboxylic acids and other known organic sequestering agents. Also combinations of different sequestering agents may be used.
  • the other nown sequestering agents include also diand polyphosphonic acids of the following constitutions:
  • R represents alkyl and R represents alkylene residues with 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms
  • X and Y represent hydrogen atoms or alkyl radicals with l to 4 carbon atoms
  • Z represents the groups OH- ,-NH or -NXR.
  • the following compounds are considered above all: methylenediphosphonic acid, l-hydroxyethaned.l-diphosphonic acid, l-aminoethanel l -diphosphonic acid, aminotri-(methylenephosphonic acid), methylaminoor ethylaminodi-(methylenephosphonic acid), and ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid). All these sequestering agents may be present as free acids, or preferably as their alkali metal salts.
  • the polyhydroxycarboxylic acids have a ratio of carboxyl groups to hydroxy groups of H to l5, preferably 2 to 9, and a degree of polymerization of preferably 3 to 600. They may, for example, be prepared by copolymerization of acrolein and acrylic acid in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and subsequent reaction according to Cannizzaro (Published German Pat. DOS No. l,904,94l
  • the polyaldehydecarboxylic acids have a ratio of the carboxyl to the formyl groups of at least I and a degree of polymerization of preferably 3 to lOO.
  • if desired, may have terminal hydroxyl groups. They may be prepared, for example, by oxidative polymerization of acrolein with hydrogen peroxide (Published German Pat. DOS No. 1,942,256).
  • soil suspending agents or greying inhibitors may be contained in the softening washing preparations according to the invention, which hold the dirt loosened from the fiber suspended in the bath and thus prevent greying.
  • Water-soluble colloids of mostly organic nature are suitable for this purpose, for example, the water-soluble salts of polymeric carboxylic acids, glue, gelatin, salts of ether-carboxylic acids or ether-sulfonic acids of starch or cellulose or salts of acid sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch.
  • Water-soluble polyamides containing acid groups are also suitable for this purpose.
  • soluble starch preparations and starch products other than those mentioned above can be used, for example, degraded starch, and aldehyde starches. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is also useful.
  • the constituents of the softening, washing treatment compositions according to the invention are usually chosen so that the preparations have a neutral to distinctly alkaline reaction, so that the pH value ofa 1% solution of the preparations mostly lie in the region from 7 to 12.
  • Fine washing compositions usually have a neutral to weakly alkaline reaction (pH value 7 to 9.5), while boiling washing compositions are adjusted to be more strongly alkaline (pH value 9.5 to 12, preferably 10 to ll.5).
  • H 0 in water, sodium perborate tetrahydrate perhydrate, percarbamide or melamine-H com- Water-insoluble pounds as well as by H 0 releasing peracidic salts, such as caroates (KHSO perbenzoates or perphthalates.
  • percompound stabilizers which amount to, for example, from 1 to 8%, preferably 2 to 7% of the weight of the whole preparation, are, for example, the magnesium silicates, mostly obtained by precipitation from aqueous solutions, MgO SiO 4: l to l:4, preferably 221 to l:2 and particularly lzl. In their place, other alkaline earth metal, cadmium or tin silicates of a corresponding composition are usable. Also water containing oxides of tin are suitable as stabilizers. Water-soluble stabilizers which may be present together with the water-insoluble ones, are the organic sequestering agents whose quantity may amount to 0.25 to 5%, preferably 0.5 to 2.5% of the weight of the whole preparation.
  • optical brighteners which can be utilized in the compositions are mostly, if not exclusively, derivatives of aminostilbenesulfonic acid, or of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid, of diarylpyrazolines, of carbostyril, of l,- 2-di-(2-benzoxazolyl)-ethylene or 1,2-di-(2- benzimidazolyl)-ethylene, of benzoxazolyl-thiophene and of the coumarins.
  • Examples of brighteners from the class of the diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid derivatives are com pounds, according to formula I:
  • R and R represent alkoxy, amino, or residues of aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic, primary or secondary amines as well as residues of aminosulfonic acids, where the aliphatic residues present in the above groups, contain preferably 1 to 4 and particularly 2 to 4 carbon atoms, while the heterocyclic ring systems are mostly 5 to 6 membered rings.
  • aromatic amines the residues of the aniline, of the anthranilic acid or the anilinesulfonic acid are preferred.
  • Brighteners, derived from the diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid, are mostly used as cotton brighteners.
  • R represents the residue NHC H and R may represent the following residues: NH --NHCH NHCH CH OH, NHCH C- H OCH NHCH CH CH OCH N(CH )CH C- H OH.
  • Some of these brighteners are, in regard to their fiber affinity, regarded as transitional types to the polyamide brighteners, such as the brightener with R -NHC H
  • the compound 4,4- bis-(4-phenyl-l,2,3-triazole-2-yl)-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid belongs also to the cotton brighteners of the diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid type.
  • Diarylpyrazolines of the formulae ll and Ill belong to the polyamide brighteners.
  • R and R represent hydrogen, alkyl and aryl, optionally substituted by carboxyl, carbonamide or carboxylic acid ester groups
  • R, and R represent hydrogen or lower alkyl, Ar and Ar
  • aryl radicals such as phenyl, diphenyl or naphthyl, which may carry further substituents, such as hydroxy, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, amino, alkylamino, acylamino, carboxyl, carboxylic acid esters, sulfonic acid, sulfonamide and sulfone groups or halogen atoms.
  • the polyamide brighteners further include aliphatically or aromatically substituted aminocoumarins, such as 4-methyl'7-dimethylamino-coumarin or 4-methyl-7- diethylaminocoumarin.
  • aliphatically or aromatically substituted aminocoumarins such as 4-methyl'7-dimethylamino-coumarin or 4-methyl-7- diethylaminocoumarin.
  • polyamide brighteners are the compounds l-(2-benzimidazolyl)- 2-(l-hydroxyethyl-2-benzimidazolyl)-ethylene and lethyl-3-phenyl-7-diethylamino-carbostyril.
  • Suitable as brighteners for polyester and polyamide fibers are the compounds 2,5-di-(2-benzoxazolyl)thiophene, 2-(2- benzoxazolyl)-naphtho[2,3-b1-thiophene, and l,2-di- (5-methyl-2-benzoxazolyl)-ethylene.
  • the brighteners together with other ingredients of the invention products are present as aqueous solution or paste, and are to be transformed to solids by heat drying, it is recommended to incorporate organic sequestering agents in amounts of at least 0. l%, preferably 0.2 to 1% by weight of the solid products in order to stabilize the brighteners.
  • the products according to the invention may also contain antimicrobial substances.
  • the 2- hydroxy-2',4,4'-trichloro-diphenylether has been proven good.
  • salt-like constituents contained in the following such as salt-like surface-active compounds, other organic salts as well as inorganic salts, are present as the sodium salts, unless otherwise stated.
  • the expressions and abbreviations used have the following meanings:
  • ABS is the salt of an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid with 10 to 15, preferably 1 l to 13, carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, obtained by condensing straight-chain olefins with benzene and sulfonating the alkylbenzene thus formed.
  • Alkanesulfonate is a sulfonate obtained from paraffins with 12 to 16 carbon atoms by the sulfoxidation method.
  • FS-ester sulfonate is the sulfonate in the a-position, obtained from the methyl esters of a hardened tallow fatty acid by sulfonation with $0
  • Olefin sulfonate is a sulfonate obtained from mixtures ofolefins with 12 to 18 carbon atoms by sulfonating with S and hydrolyzing the sulfonation product with an alkaline liquor, which sulfonate consists substantially of alkenesulfonate and hydroxyalkanesulfonate, but contains in addition small quantities of disulfonates.
  • Each olefin sulfonate-containing preparation was prepared by use of two different types of olefin sulfonate, one was prepared from a mixture of straightchain terminal olefins and the other from a mixture of non-terminal olefins.
  • KA-sulfate and TA-sulfate are the salts of sulfated substantially saturated fatty alcohols, prepared by reduction of coconut fatty acid and tallow fatty acid, respectively.
  • KA-EO-sulfate TA-EOsulfate
  • OA-EO- sulfate are the sulfated products of addition of 2 mols i of ethylene oxide to 1 mol of coconut fatty alcohol, of 3 mols of ethylene oxide to l mol of tallow fatty alcohol
  • 1 KA 9 EO 12 P0 are the addition products of ethylene oxide (E0) or propylene oxide (PO) to technical oleyl alcohol (0A) or coconut alcohol (KA), respectively, where the numbers represent the molar amounts of alkylene oxide added to 1 mol of starting material.
  • Perborate is a product containing about active oxygen of the approximate composition NaBO- H O .3H O.
  • NTA EDTA
  • HEDP HEDP
  • Soap A or B are soaps prepared from a fatty acid mixture of 9% by weight of C 14% by weight of C and 77% by weight of C (iodine number 3) (Soap A); or 8% by weight of C 32% by weight of C 12% by weight of C and 48% by weight of C (iodine number 4) (Soap B).
  • CMC is the salt of carboxymethyl cellulose.
  • the non-surface-active foam inhibitors used were, for example, a mixture of about 45% of a di(alkylamino)-monochlorotriazine and about 55% of a N,N',N"-trialkylmelamine.
  • the alkyl residue may be present as mixtures of homologs with 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • the monochlorotriazine derivatives or trialkylaminotriazine derivatives can also be used with a similar result.
  • the described washing compositions contain synthetic sulfates or sulfonates together with soap, the other nonsurface-active foam inhibitors mentioned in the description can be used, as for example, paraffin oil or paraffin.
  • the non-surfaceactive foam inhibitor used separately in the washing composition for example, dissolved in a suitable organic solvent or sprayed in the molten state on the moving powder by means of a nozzle
  • the quantitative data in all examples refer to the pure substances. These substances may contain impurities from the preparation, such as water, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, etc.
  • the mark in the line Na S0, indicates that slight amounts of sodium sulfate are present as impurities with the anionic tensides. Since such impurities do not impair the effectiveness of the LII single substances in any way, they are not mentioned in the formula.
  • the expression residue means substantially water and the above-named salts as well as dyes and perfumes.
  • the washing agent according to the above formula was prepared by mixing of a spray-dried washing powder consisting of the named ingredients (1) to (7) and (10) with the perborate (8) and the textile softener (9).
  • textile softener the below listed alkoxylated products of Table 1 above were utilized.
  • Samples from new cotton terry cloth were washed for 240 hours in the washing machine under boiling wash conditions in water with an addition 2 g/l of tripolyphosphate. After the drying, such a prewashed fabric received the mark 6 (type B).
  • Samples of new cotton terry cloth were desized and treated with a solution of 0.5 gm/l of ditallow-alkyldimethylammonium chloride. This thus-softened fabric received the mark 1. Accordingly, the samples of untreated cotton terry cloth, used in the test (type A), had hand marks in the range from 1.5 to 2.
  • the washing composition according to the above formulation was prepared by mixing a spray-dried washing agent powder consisting of the said constituents l to (5) and (7) with the textile softener (6).
  • the softeners of Table l were used as the textile softeners.
  • a one-step process for the washing and softening of textiles which consists essentially of immersing soiled textiles in an aqueous softening washing liquor bath at temperatures of from 20 to 100C for a time sufficient to clean and soften said textiles and recovering said cleaned and softened textiles, said aqueous, softening washing liquor bath containing 1.
  • a tenside component consisting of from 20 to 100% by weight of said tenside component of anionic surface-active sulfonates and sulfates with from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic moiety, from to 80% by weight of said tenside component of soaps and the Preparation 3 4 5 o X ABS 4.0 Alkancsulfunatc 5 5 7.5
  • R is a member selected from the group As brighteners.
  • CORD brighteners.
  • Polyamide ghtconsisting of alkyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, aleners, polyester brighteners and their combination are kenyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkadienyl havused, depending upon the application use of the softening 8 to 24 carbon atoms and R is alkylene having ing washing agents. 2 to 6 carbon atoms, adducted with from I to 3 If preparations with a content of enzymes should be mols of a vicinal lower alkyleneoxide; prepared, commercial products are used that, in sofar 3.
  • the amount of said tenside component is at least as large as the amount of said softener component alkylenediamine adduct.
  • R is derived from fatty acid mixtures of natural fats and oils and their hydrogenation products.
  • alkylenediamine softener component has the formula wherein R represents a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, alkadienyl having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof, R, represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl, m represents an integer of 2 and 3, and n represents an integer of0 and l, with the proviso that at least one n is l.
  • said softener component (2) is the reaction product from 1 mol of N- coconut-alkyl-l ,3-propanediamine and 1 mol of propylene oxide.
  • said softener component (2) is the reaction product from l mol of N- tallow-alkyl-l ,3-propanediamine and 1.5 mols of ethylene oxide.
  • said softener component (2) is the reaction product from 1 mol of N-hydrogenated tallow-alkyl-1,3-propanediamine and 2 mols of ethylene oxide.
  • a detergent composition containing textile softeners consisting essentially of:
  • a tenside component consisting of from 20 to 100% by weight of said tenside component of anionic surface-active sulfonates and sulfates with from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic moiety, from 0 to 80% by weight of said tenside components of soaps, at least some of said soaps having from 20 to 26 carbon atoms, and from 0 to 45% by weight of said tenside component of non-ionic surface-active compounds;
  • alkylenediamine of the formula wherein R is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkadienyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof, and R is alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, adducted with from 1 to 3 mols of a vicinal lower alkyleneoxide;
  • alkylenediamine softener component has the forwherein R represents a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, alkadienyl having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof, R represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl, m represents an integer of 2 and 3, and n represents an integer of0 and l, with the proviso that at least one n is 1.
US303274A 1971-11-22 1972-11-02 Washing agents containing a textile softener and process of washing and softening textiles Expired - Lifetime US3897347A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4005020A (en) * 1973-07-19 1977-01-25 Petrolite Corporation Paraffin removing compositions
US4065257A (en) * 1972-02-25 1977-12-27 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Inhibition of dye staining during laundering of textile materials
US4171278A (en) * 1976-02-06 1979-10-16 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Surface-active compound combination containing hydroxyalkylamines
US4203852A (en) * 1974-03-01 1980-05-20 Colgate-Palmolive Company Softener, bleach and anti-cling composition
US4372882A (en) * 1980-06-17 1983-02-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Detergent composition containing low level of substituted polyamines
US4460487A (en) * 1982-04-26 1984-07-17 Purex Corporation Rinse cycle fabric softener with bleach
US4655975A (en) * 1986-01-27 1987-04-07 The Dow Chemical Company Solid chelating poly(carboxylate and/or sulfonate)peroxyhydrate bleaches
US4810408A (en) * 1986-05-15 1989-03-07 Atochem Method and composition for bleaching laundry
US5456850A (en) * 1988-12-14 1995-10-10 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Fluid to pasty washing agent containing bleach
US20030041387A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-03-06 Novozymes North America, Inc. Single-bath preparation of cellulosic materials
US20030046773A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-03-13 Novozymes North America, Inc. Preparation of cellulosic materials

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4049557A (en) 1972-07-17 1977-09-20 Colgate-Palmolive Company Fabric conditioning compositions
DE2539270C2 (de) * 1975-09-04 1985-04-11 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Textil-Weichmacher enthaltende Waschmittel
DE2539349C2 (de) * 1975-09-04 1985-04-11 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Wäschenachbehandlungsmittel
LT3962B (en) 1993-12-21 1996-05-27 Albright & Wilson Funcional fluids

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3398198A (en) * 1965-07-30 1968-08-20 Progressive Products Co Less than fully propylated (beta hydroxy propyl) ethylene diamine and method of preparation thereof
US3515673A (en) * 1967-07-10 1970-06-02 Progressive Products Co Chelating and cleaning compound and method
US3535378A (en) * 1966-10-03 1970-10-20 Mobay Chemical Corp Alkylene oxide adducts of methylcyclohexylene diamine
US3549543A (en) * 1965-06-25 1970-12-22 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Low-foaming washing and cleansing agents
US3697423A (en) * 1968-06-12 1972-10-10 Colgate Palmolive Co Wash cycle softener

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3549543A (en) * 1965-06-25 1970-12-22 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Low-foaming washing and cleansing agents
US3398198A (en) * 1965-07-30 1968-08-20 Progressive Products Co Less than fully propylated (beta hydroxy propyl) ethylene diamine and method of preparation thereof
US3535378A (en) * 1966-10-03 1970-10-20 Mobay Chemical Corp Alkylene oxide adducts of methylcyclohexylene diamine
US3515673A (en) * 1967-07-10 1970-06-02 Progressive Products Co Chelating and cleaning compound and method
US3697423A (en) * 1968-06-12 1972-10-10 Colgate Palmolive Co Wash cycle softener

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4065257A (en) * 1972-02-25 1977-12-27 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Inhibition of dye staining during laundering of textile materials
US4005020A (en) * 1973-07-19 1977-01-25 Petrolite Corporation Paraffin removing compositions
US4203852A (en) * 1974-03-01 1980-05-20 Colgate-Palmolive Company Softener, bleach and anti-cling composition
US4171278A (en) * 1976-02-06 1979-10-16 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Surface-active compound combination containing hydroxyalkylamines
US4372882A (en) * 1980-06-17 1983-02-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Detergent composition containing low level of substituted polyamines
US4460487A (en) * 1982-04-26 1984-07-17 Purex Corporation Rinse cycle fabric softener with bleach
US4655975A (en) * 1986-01-27 1987-04-07 The Dow Chemical Company Solid chelating poly(carboxylate and/or sulfonate)peroxyhydrate bleaches
US4810408A (en) * 1986-05-15 1989-03-07 Atochem Method and composition for bleaching laundry
US5456850A (en) * 1988-12-14 1995-10-10 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Fluid to pasty washing agent containing bleach
US20030041387A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-03-06 Novozymes North America, Inc. Single-bath preparation of cellulosic materials
US20030046773A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-03-13 Novozymes North America, Inc. Preparation of cellulosic materials

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AT325753B (de) 1975-11-10
IT971045B (it) 1974-04-30
FR2160893A1 (de) 1973-07-06
ZA728230B (en) 1973-07-25
NL7214431A (de) 1973-05-24
BE791622A (fr) 1973-05-21
GB1405165A (en) 1975-09-03
FR2160893B1 (de) 1976-04-23
BR7208212D0 (pt) 1973-09-25
CH587955A5 (de) 1977-05-13
SU552905A3 (ru) 1977-03-30
CA988261A (en) 1976-05-04
ATA991072A (de) 1975-01-15
JPS4861789A (de) 1973-08-29
DE2157785A1 (de) 1973-05-30

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