US3896325A - Discharge tube containing mercury - Google Patents

Discharge tube containing mercury Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3896325A
US3896325A US390167A US39016773A US3896325A US 3896325 A US3896325 A US 3896325A US 390167 A US390167 A US 390167A US 39016773 A US39016773 A US 39016773A US 3896325 A US3896325 A US 3896325A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
copper
tube
conductor
discharge tube
discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US390167A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Henricus Gerardus Anto Willems
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
Original Assignee
US Philips Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3896325A publication Critical patent/US3896325A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/02—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing by fusing glass directly to metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/46—Leading-in conductors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a discharge tube having a wall of glass, which tube contains at least mercury and is furthermore provided with an internal electrode which is connected to an electrical lead-through conductor mainly consisting of copper-clad wire, the part of said electrical lead-through conductor located between the electrode and the glass wall being provided with an oxide coating, which coating is in direct contact with the discharge space of the discharge tube.
  • Glow discharge tubes of the above-mentioned kind have been manufactured.
  • the oxide coating consisted of chromium oxide. This coating served to prevent attack of the copper-clad wire by the mercury present in the discharge tube.
  • a drawback of the aforementioned glow discharge tube was its timeconsuming manufacture due to the extra provision of chromium oxide.
  • a drawback thereof was that the manufacture of the electrical lead-through conductor was complicated and this because use had to be made of these two wire pieces of different material and because furthermore a welded joint had to be provided between these wire pieces.
  • a discharge tube having a wall of glass, which tube contains at least mercury and is furthermore provided with an internal electrode which is connected to an electrical lead-through conductor consisting mainly of copper-clad wire, and in which at least the part of said electrical lead-through conductor located between the electrode and the glass wall is provided with an oxide coating, which coating is in direct contact with the discharge space of the discharge tube is characterized in that the said part of the lead-through conductor consists of a copper-clad wire which is surrounded by a Cu O coating, the leadthrough conductor being manufactured in known manner from a copper-clad wire of which part of the copper is oxidised during heating by electrical process.
  • An advantage of a discharge tube according to the invention is that no oxide coating of a metal other than copper such as, for example, a chromium oxide coating, need be provided on the copper-clad wire. In fact, when electrically oxidising copper-clad wire in known manner, a satisfactory oxide skin is produced such that it is also resistant to mercury present in the discharge tube.
  • a metal other than copper such as, for example, a chromium oxide coating
  • the device consists in principle of a supply reel containing metal wire to be treated.
  • the metal wire is guided into a cylindrical tube over a contact roller.
  • This tube may be, for example, a glass tube which is provided with a rubber stopper having an aperture through which the wire can be guided into the tube with an ample amount of play, a side tube for introducing gas, and a constriction.
  • the wire is then guided into a reservoir containing water round a contact roller and is then reeled on the supply reel.
  • Copper core wire may be provided with a Cu O layer by means of said device: copper core wire built up from a core, diameter 400 microns, consisting of a nickeliron alloy having nickel content of 42 percent by weight and a copper sheeth, thickness 50 microns, is guided through the tube at a rate of metres per minute. A gas mixture consisting of nitrogen with 4 percent by volume of oxygen is introduced into the tube through a side tube at a rate of approximately 3 litres per minute. The wire is heated by the direct passage of current at a temperature of 950C. For that purpose, a voltage difference of approximately 40 V is set up between the contact rollers. The wire is loaded with 1.5 kW. The contact roller with which the wire is last in contact during the passage, is arranged in running water so that a very rapid cooling from the oxidation temperature is obtained.
  • a further advantage of a tube according to the invention is that a welded joint is absent in the lead-through conductor at the area of the wall of the discharge tube.
  • the discharge tube may be, for example, a low pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp in which the discharge is an arc discharge.
  • the tube is a glow discharge lamp.
  • the connexion between the electrode and the lead-through conductor is a welded joint established electrically.
  • FIG. 1 shows a glow discharge lamp according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows an end part of a low-pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp according to the invention, which lamp has an arc discharge in the operating condition.
  • 1 is a glass envelope of a discharge space 2.
  • This space accommodates two electrodes 3 and 4. These electrodes are made of a mercury-resistant electrode material, for example, molybdenum.
  • the electrodes 3 and 4 are cylindrical.
  • 5 and 6 denote two supply wires of copper-clad wire having a core of an iron alloy. These supply wires are electrically oxidised. They pass through the glass wall 1.
  • the supply wire 5 is connected to electrode 3 and supply wire 6 is connected to electrode 4.
  • the connexions between the supply wires and the electrodes are obtained by means of an electrical welding process.
  • the discharge space contains a rare gas, for example, neon or a combination of neon and argon, towhich mercury has been added.
  • a luminescent coating, for example, of willemite was present on the inner wall of the glass envelope (1).
  • FIG. .2 20 denotes an end part of a low-pressure mercury vapour arc discharge lamp which is provided notes a pinch and 23 is a closed exhaust tube.
  • 24 denotes a metal ring having connections pins 25 and 26 arranged insulated therefrom.
  • One end of an electrode 27 is connected through an electrically oxidised copper-clad wire 28 to the connexion pin 25.
  • the other end of the electrode 27 is connected through an electrically oxidised copper-clad wire 29 to the connexion pin 26.
  • These copper-clad wires 28 and 29 pass through the glass wall of the discharge tube at the area of the pinch 22.
  • 28 and 29 are the electrical lead-through conductors.
  • the copper-clad wires in the case of the lamp part of FIG. 2 are also resistant to mercury present in the discharge tube.
  • electrical lead-through conductor located between the Also in the case of the lamp part shown in FIG. 2, the connexions between the copper-clad wires 28 and 29 and the electrode 27 are obtained by an electrical weldelectrode and the glass wall is provided with an oxide coating, said coating being in direct contact with the discharge space of the discharge tube, wherein said part of the lead-through conductor consists of a copper-clad wire which is surrounded by a Cu O coating, the lead-through conductor being manufactured in known manner from a copper-clad wire of which part of the copper has been oxidised during heating by an electrical process.
  • a discharge tube as claimed in claim 2 characterized in that the connection between the electrode and the lead-through conductor is a welded joint established by electrical process.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US390167A 1972-09-12 1973-08-20 Discharge tube containing mercury Expired - Lifetime US3896325A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NLAANVRAGE7212337,A NL173107C (nl) 1972-09-12 1972-09-12 Ontladingsbuis.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3896325A true US3896325A (en) 1975-07-22

Family

ID=19816915

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US390167A Expired - Lifetime US3896325A (en) 1972-09-12 1973-08-20 Discharge tube containing mercury

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3896325A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS559778B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE804698A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2342568C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2199189A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1389771A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT995306B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL173107C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030020402A1 (en) * 2001-07-30 2003-01-30 Kiermaier Ludwig P. Lamp electrode and assembly method

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2065947A (en) * 1935-01-08 1936-12-29 Flexlume Corp Electrode for luminous tube and method of making the same

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE707363C (de) * 1937-11-30 1941-06-19 Patra Patent Treuhand Einschmelzung von Stromzufuehrungsdraehten in die Wandung elektrischer Glasgefaessen,insbesondere Entladungslampen, bei welcher die eingeschmolzenen Draehte insbesonderemit Oxyden bedeckt sind
US2849657A (en) * 1954-03-30 1958-08-26 Gen Electric Glow discharge device circuit
BE541097A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1954-09-08
NL6501884A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1965-02-16 1966-08-17

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2065947A (en) * 1935-01-08 1936-12-29 Flexlume Corp Electrode for luminous tube and method of making the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030020402A1 (en) * 2001-07-30 2003-01-30 Kiermaier Ludwig P. Lamp electrode and assembly method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1389771A (en) 1975-04-09
IT995306B (it) 1975-11-10
JPS559778B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-03-12
DE2342568A1 (de) 1974-03-28
DE2342568C3 (de) 1981-04-16
DE2342568B2 (de) 1980-07-03
JPS4968575A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-07-03
NL173107C (nl) 1983-12-01
FR2199189A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-04-05
NL7212337A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-03-14
BE804698A (fr) 1974-03-11
NL173107B (nl) 1983-07-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3794402A (en) Method of manufacturing an electric discharge tube or an electric lamp
US2847605A (en) Electrode for fluorescent lamps
US2314134A (en) Gaseous discharge device
US2291965A (en) Electrical discharge device
US2412302A (en) Getter
US2097261A (en) Lighting device
JP2950517B2 (ja) 電 球
US3896325A (en) Discharge tube containing mercury
US3989973A (en) Cold-cathode gas-discharge device
US2441863A (en) Electrode for discharge devices
US2670451A (en) Short arc high-pressure vapor discharge lamp
GB209730A (en) Improved manufacture of cathodes for electric discharge tubes
US2560346A (en) Glow discharge voltage control device
JPH05258731A (ja) ランプ
US3079521A (en) Fluorescent discharge lamp and electrode therefor
US2022219A (en) Electric lamp
US2020722A (en) Gaseous electric discharge device
US1906037A (en) Electrode in discharge tubes
US2142841A (en) Insulating leading-in conductor
US2733375A (en) Seal and terminal structure for electric discharge lamp
US1842215A (en) Electrode for gaseous discharge devices
US2056628A (en) Self starting gaseous electric discharge device
US2899588A (en) Gaseous discharge device
US2329125A (en) Metal vapor discharge lamp
US2007934A (en) Mounting of elements in radiation devices