US3892112A - Rolling mill gauge control - Google Patents

Rolling mill gauge control Download PDF

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Publication number
US3892112A
US3892112A US455159A US45515974A US3892112A US 3892112 A US3892112 A US 3892112A US 455159 A US455159 A US 455159A US 45515974 A US45515974 A US 45515974A US 3892112 A US3892112 A US 3892112A
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Prior art keywords
roll stand
roll
gauge
stand
delivery gauge
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Expired - Lifetime
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US455159A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jr Andrew W Smith
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AEG Westinghouse Industrial Automation Corp
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Westinghouse Electric Corp
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Priority to US455159A priority Critical patent/US3892112A/en
Priority to JP50035032A priority patent/JPS50133152A/ja
Priority to IT41564/75A priority patent/IT1029285B/it
Priority to FR7509470A priority patent/FR2265467B1/fr
Priority to ES436096A priority patent/ES436096A1/es
Priority to BE154820A priority patent/BE827246A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3892112A publication Critical patent/US3892112A/en
Assigned to AEG WESTINGHOUSE INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION CORPORATION reassignment AEG WESTINGHOUSE INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B37/00Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
    • B21B37/16Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions

Definitions

  • FIGURE 3 E TABLISHING DESIRED DELIVERY GAGEaHI I III-0R EACH STAND P IOR T8 ENTE ING FIRST STAND USING REFERENCE INITIAL STAND SPEED.
  • DEL I I 'GE( I I r (K( I I/P( I I )+1 I LIMIT AND BUPU RBLL D ENI PBSITIBN REFERENCE SDREFI I I MSDI I I+DEL$I I I L ST STAND CHECK IFII -E LSI E T6 100 I I *1 66 TB 32 END Hes ROLLING MILL GAUGE CONTROL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • the present invention relates to tandem metal workpiece reduction rolling mills and more particularly to such rolling mills including roll force sensing load cells operative with selected roll stands for controlling the delivery gauge of the work strip leaving those roll stands.
  • the unloaded roll opening and the speed of each roll stand are initially set up, before the work strip enters that roll stand, either by an operator or by a schedule calculation control computer to produce a work strip reduction resulting in a desired on-gauge finished work product leaving that roll stand. It is usually assumed that the loaded roll opening'of a roll stand equals the stand delivery gauge, since there is little or no elastic workpiece recovery.
  • a stand gauge control system is employed to control the stand delivery gauge.
  • the well known roll force gauge control system has been used to provide desired gauge control operation (the workpiece thickness is also sometimes spelled gage) for one or more stands of tandem rolling mills, using Hookes law for controlling the roll opening position at a given roll stand.
  • the loaded roll opening and hence the work strip delivery gauge from that given roll stand equals the unloaded roll opening position plus the mill stand spring stretch caused by the roll separating force applied to the work rolls by the workpiece.
  • the roll separating force is measured by a load cell or other suitable force detecting device operative with the roll stand.
  • the roll opening position is then controlled to balance roll force changes from a reference or initial lock on value and thereby to hold the loaded roll opening at a substantially constant value.
  • a typical prior art roll force gauge control system for a roll stand is an analog feedback system operative to make a comparison of the determined work strip delivery gauge with a desired reference gauge leaving the roll stand, and responsive to measured stand roll force and measured roll opening position to control the roll opening position in accordance with the following error condition AS K AF where AS is the error in roll opening position to be corrected in relation to a reference roll opening position and AF is the measured change in roll force from a desired force reference and K is the roll stand mill spring constant.
  • the actual rolling operation can be started and the controlled roll openings are then regulated to provide the desired work strip delivery gauge from each controlled roll stand of the rolling mill.
  • a control system and method for controlling the delivery gauge or thickness of workstrip product leaving one or more roll standsof a tandem rolling mill includes the determination of the mass flow target delivery gauge of the work strip for each controlled roll stand in relation to the last stand target delivery gauge before the workstrip has arrived at the X-ray gauge following the last roll stand, and then comparing the roll force determined actual delivery gauge for the same roll stand with this mass flow target delivery gauge to establish a gauge error for correction by an adjustment of the roll opening position setting for that roll stand.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a roll force gauge control arranged for operation with a tandem rolling mill in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a curve to illustrate the mill spring characteristic for a typical roll stand in relation to the determination of the stretch of a controlled roll stand;
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow chart to illustrate the determination of mass flow target delivery gauge for each roll stand before a given work strip passes through the rolling mill;
  • FIG. 4 shows a flow chart to illustrate the determination of the gauge error and roll opening position reference for each controlled roll stand
  • FIG. 5 is a functional illustration of the control of workstrip delivery gauge from a roll stand in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the situation where the tail end of a previous work strip and the head end of a subsequent work strip are passing through the rolling mill at the same time
  • FIG. 7 shows a program listing prepared in relation to the flow chart of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 8 shows a program listing prepared in relatio to the flow cart of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 1 a controlled four high rolling mill stand S(N) operative with a gauge control 12 in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • the invention is applicable to control the operation of one or more tandem rolling mill stands for which roll force gauge control is employed.
  • the tandem rolling mill shown in FIG; 1 includes a last stand S(LS).
  • a workpiece 2 enters the roll stand S(N) at the entry end and it is reduced in thickness and transported through the succeeding roll stands to the delivery end of the rolling mill.
  • the entry workpiece would be of known steel grade and it typically would have a known gauge or thickness.
  • the delivered workpiece would have a desired target gauge or thickness H(LS) based upon the production order for which it is intended.
  • the succeeding roll stands operate at successively higher speeds to maintain proper workpiece mass flow.
  • Each stand produces a predetermined reduction or draft such that the total mill draft reduces the entry workpiece to strip with the desired gauge or thickness.
  • Each stand is conventionally provided with a pair of back-up rolls 4 and 6 and a pair of work rolls 8 and 10 between which the workpiece 2 is passed.
  • a large DC drive motor 11 is controllably energized at each stand to drive the corresponding work rolls at a controlled speed.
  • the sum of the unloaded work roll opening MSD(N) and the mill stretch K(N) AF(N) substantially defines the roll force determined workpiece gauge I-IRF(N) delivered from the controlled roll stand S(N) in accordance with Hookes law.
  • a well known calibration offset COS(N) can be included to provide desired calibration of the roll opening control apparatus operative with the roll stand S(N), which roll opening control apparatus could be a pair of screwdown motors or a hydraulic positioning apparatus, to position the back-up rolls and thereby apply pressure to the work rolls.
  • a conventional roll opening position detector 14 provides an electrical signal representation MSD(N) of the unloaded roll opening position.
  • Roll force detection is provided at the roll stand S(N) by a conventional load cell 16 which generates an electrical analog signal F(N) proportional to the roll separating force between the work rolls.
  • a speed sensing transducer 18, such as a pulse transducer, generates a stand speed signal FPM(N).
  • the gauge control 12 provides automatic gauge or thickness for the operation of the mill stand S(N).
  • the gauge control 12 can include a programmed general purpose process control digital computer system, which is interfaced with the various mill operational sensors and the various mill control devices to provide control over the operation of the mill stand S(N).
  • the gauge control 12 can also include well known and conventional manual and- ,/or automatic analog controls for back-up operation in performing other preselected mill functions.
  • a suitable digital computer system for the on-line roll force gauge control system 12 would be a Prodac 2000 (P2000) sold by Westinghouse Electric Corporation.
  • P2000 Prodac 2000
  • a descriptive book entitled Prodac 2000 Computer Systems Reference Manual has been published in 1970 by Westinghouse Electric Corporation and made available for the purpose of describing in greater detail this computer system and its operation.
  • the digital computer system is associated with well known predetermined input systems, typically including a conventional contact closure input system which scans contact or other signals representing the sensed status of various process operating conditions, a conventional analog input system which scans and converts process analog signals, and operator controlled and other information input devices and systems such as paper tape, teletypewriter and dial input systems.
  • Various kinds of information can be entered into the computer system through the input devices including, for example, desired strip delivery gauge H(LS) and temperature, strip entry gauge and width and temperature (by entry detectors if desired), grade of steel being rolled, plasticity P tables, hardware oriented programs and control programs for the programming system, and so forth.
  • the contact closure input systems and the analog input systems interface the computer system with the process through the medium of measured or detected variables, which include the following:
  • Roll opening position signal MSD(N) generated by the respective position detector 14 for use in roll force gauge control.
  • controlled devices are operated directly by means of output system contact closures or by means of analog signals derived from output system contact closure through a digital to analog converter.
  • the principal control action outputs from the gauge control 12 includes a positioning command signal SDREF(N) applied to the roll opening control 15 for the controlled roll stand 8(1) and other controlled roll stands, and a speed control signal applied to the drive motor 11 of roll stand S(N) and the other roll stands in accordance with respective desired speed setting for mass flow operational conditions.
  • Display and printout systems such as numeral display, tape punch, and teletypewriter systems also can be associated with the outputs of the digital computer gauge control system in order to keep the mill operator generally informed about the mill operation and in order to signal the operator regarding an event or alarm condition which may require some action on his part.
  • the gauge control 12 uses Hookes law to determine the total amount of screwdown movement required at the roll force controlled stand S(N) at the calculating point in time for roll force and gauge error correction, i.e. forloaded roll opening and stand delivery gauge correction to the desired value.
  • the calculation defines the total change in the unloaded roll opening position setting required to correct for determined gauge error causing conditions.
  • the desired roll opening correction DELS(N) in relation to controlled roll stand S(N) is calculated to enable roll force gauge control operation in accordance with the following programmed relationship algorithm:
  • each stand spring constant K is relatively accurately known. It is first determined by the well known work roll screwdown test, and it can be recalculated if desired prior to each workpiece pass on the basis of the workpiece width and the backup roll diameter. Each resultant spring curve is stored for on-line gauge control use.
  • the operative value of the workpiece plasticity P at each roll stand is also relatively accurately determined.
  • P tables can be stored in the storage memory of the digital computer system associated with the gauge control 12 to identify the various values of P which apply to the controlled roll stand S(N) for various grade class and gauge class workpieces under various operating conditions and at various operating times during the rolling of the workpiece strip 2.
  • a main advantage of using the roll force gauge control system is the ability to detect error changes in strip gauge the instant they take place as the product is being rolled in the roll stand.
  • a change in strip delivery gauge or thickness can be caused by a change in entry thickness, or a change in hardness as usually caused by a change in temperature. This change in delivery gauge can be immediately detected by feedback information monitoring of the roll separating force on the roll stand.
  • FIG. 2 There is shown in FIG. 2 a curve to illustrate the typical mill spring characteristic for a roll stand, such as controlled roll stand S(N).
  • the curve is a plot of measured roll force MF(N) for a typical roll stand (N) against the resulting stretch KF(N) of the roll stand, or the product of K(N) the stand spring constant and P(N) the stand roll force.
  • the curve shown in FIG. 2 can be mathematically represented by the relationship.
  • K K and K are constants established by data collecting and curve fitting techniques well known and practiced for several years by persons skilled in this art.
  • the curve is established by closing together the stand work rolls, through operation of the roll opening control of the roll stand, until some minimum roll force is sensed by the stand load cell, and then progressively closing the work rolls by predetermined incremental settings and reading the corresponding roll force for each such setting. Then, knowing the mill spring characteristic curve for a given roll stand of the rolling mill, the values of constants K K and K for that roll stand are determined by well known curve fitting techniques. It should be noted in relation to above equation (4) that the double asterisk represents the well known Fortran programming symbol for an exponential and the single asterisk indicates multiplication.
  • FIG. 3 There is shown in FIG. 3 the flow chart of a program utilized to determine the mass flow target delivery gauge for each controlled roll stand, such as roll stand S(I), where I is a roll stand index, before the work strip has passed through the rolling mill and become operative with the X-ray gauge positioned after the last roll stand S(LS).
  • a stand counter is initially set to one.
  • the mass flow target delivery gauge is determined for a given roll stand (I) successively indexed by the stand counter, firstly such as roll stand one and then secondly roll stand two and so forth.
  • step 24 a check is made to see if that given roll stand (I) is the last stand, and if it is not the program goes to step 26 where the stand index I is incremented by one to the next succeeding roll stand, and steps 22 and 24 are repeated until the check at step 24 indicates that index stand I is now the last roll stand S(LS), when the program operation ends.
  • FIG. 4 the flow chart of a program utilized to determine the gauge error and roll opening position reference for each controlled rollstand of the rolling mill in accordance withthe present invention, after the work strip has entered the first roll stand and before the work strip reaches the X-ray gauge positioned after the last roll stand S(LS).
  • the stand index counter is set to one.
  • the mill stretch KF(I) for the indexed roll stand (I) is determined in accordance with above equation (4).
  • the roll force determined actual delivery gauge I-IRF(I) leaving the roll stand (I) is determined in accordance with the well known relationship:
  • a e SDREF(I). MSD(I) DELS(I) where M SD(I )is the present unloaded roll opening position setting for roll and stand (I) and DELS(I) is the desired roll opening correction for roll stand (I), which roll opening position reference SDREF (I can be limit checked and output to the roll opening control apparams for index roll stand (I).
  • M SD(I ) is the present unloaded roll opening position setting for roll and stand (I)
  • DELS(I) is the desired roll opening correction for roll stand (I)
  • roll opening position reference SDREF (I can be limit checked and output to the roll opening control apparams for index roll stand (I).
  • a check is made to see if roll stand (I) is the last stand of the rolling mill, and if not at step 40 the index (I) is incremented by one and the pro'gramstep 32, 34 and 36 are repeated for succeeding roll stands of the rolling mill until the index roll stand (I) is the last roll stand (LS), when the program operation
  • the program illustrated by FIG. 4 is intended to be run periodicfally, such as five times per second, for all controlled 7 up speed reference FPM(LS) for the last roll stand (LS )and theinitial target delivery gauge H(LS) leaving the last roll stand (LS).
  • the forward slip characteristic FS (I) for the controlled roll stand (I) and the forward slip character istics FS(LS) for the last roll stand (LS) arie predetermined and supplied byv the operator.
  • step '52 the'roll force determined actual delivery gauge
  • I-IRF(I) leaving controlled roll stand (I) is established after the work strip is passing through the roll stand (I).
  • the gauge error GE(I) in the work strip leaving roll stand (I) is determined.
  • the roll opening correction DELS(I) and the associated roll opening position reference SDREF(I) are determined,
  • the initial speed FPM(I) and desired target gauge or thickness H(LS) are used to determine the desired gauge from each stand as shown in FIG. 3 so that the desired gauge H(I) is available for the gauge error determination as shown in 4.
  • This gauge error and screwdown reference calculation is initiated as soon as a workpiece enters a stand and repeated periodically (such as five times per second) until the workpiece leaves the stand.
  • the gauge error and screwdown reference calculations shown in FIG. 4 are being performed for workpiece A with a first stand FS value of 4 and a last stand LS value of 5.
  • the same calculations are used to control the gauge of workpiece B in stands S1 and S1 by using a first stand FS value of 1 and at last stand LS value of 2.
  • Each setof calculations used the desired stand delivery gauge H(I) value that was established by the procedure shown in FIG. 3 for that particular workpiece prior to its entry into the mill.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 there are included two instruction program listings that have been prepared to determine the roll force automatic gauge control operation of a tandem rolling mill in accordance with the here disclosed control system and method.
  • the instruction program listings are written in Fortran language suitable for use with the PRODAC P2000 digital computer system, which is sold by Westinghouse Electric Corporation for real time process control computer applications. Many of these digital computer systems have already been supplied to'customers, including computer instruction books and descriptive documentation to explain to persons skilled in this art the operation of the hardware logic and the executive software of this digital computer system..
  • the instruction program listings are included to provide an illustration of one suitable embodiment of the present control system and method that has acutally been prepared. The instruction program listings have not been debugged through the course of extensive practical operation for the real time control'of a rolling mill.
  • a method of controlling the delivery gauge of a work strip passing through at least one roll stand of a tandem rolling mill in accordance with a desired delivery gauge leaving the last rolling stand of said rolling mill, with said one roll stand having a pair of work rolls and a roll force measurement device said method including the steps of establishing a target delivery gauge for said work strip leaving said one roll stand in relation to said desired delivery gauge, the speed setting of said one roll stand and the speed setting of the last roll stand, establishing the actual delivery gauge of said work strip leaving said one roll stand in relation to the measured roll force of said one roll stand,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)
US455159A 1974-03-27 1974-03-27 Rolling mill gauge control Expired - Lifetime US3892112A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US455159A US3892112A (en) 1974-03-27 1974-03-27 Rolling mill gauge control
JP50035032A JPS50133152A (fr) 1974-03-27 1975-03-25
IT41564/75A IT1029285B (it) 1974-03-27 1975-03-26 Procedimento e apparecchiatura per regolare lo spessore di un nastro in un treno di laminazione
FR7509470A FR2265467B1 (fr) 1974-03-27 1975-03-26
ES436096A ES436096A1 (es) 1974-03-27 1975-03-26 Metodo y su correspondiente aparato para controlar el espe- sor de salida de un fleje de trabajo.
BE154820A BE827246A (fr) 1974-03-27 1975-03-27 Methode et appareil de regulation de laninoirs

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US455159A US3892112A (en) 1974-03-27 1974-03-27 Rolling mill gauge control

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US3892112A true US3892112A (en) 1975-07-01

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US (1) US3892112A (fr)
JP (1) JPS50133152A (fr)
BE (1) BE827246A (fr)
ES (1) ES436096A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2265467B1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1029285B (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4460852A (en) * 1981-02-06 1984-07-17 Sumitomo Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Gaisha Method of controlling mill motors speeds in a cold tandem mill
US4691546A (en) * 1982-11-11 1987-09-08 Davy Mckee (Sheffield) Limited Rolling mill control for tandem rolling
US5010756A (en) * 1988-11-29 1991-04-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Method of and apparatus for controlling shape of rolled material on multi-high rolling mill
CN102581003A (zh) * 2012-04-01 2012-07-18 穆牧之 智能型数字液压控制四辊可逆精轧机
US20150094843A1 (en) * 2012-05-23 2015-04-02 Baoshan Iron K& Steel Co., Ltd. Performance feed-forward thickness control method in tandem cold mill

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2726541A (en) * 1951-11-27 1955-12-13 Sims Raymond Bernard Measuring apparatus for rolling or drawing sheet or strip material
US3232084A (en) * 1961-04-13 1966-02-01 Davy & United Eng Co Ltd Mill control systems
US3332263A (en) * 1963-12-10 1967-07-25 Gen Electric Computer control system for metals rolling mill
US3561237A (en) * 1967-11-29 1971-02-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp Predictive gauge control method and apparatus for metal rolling mills
US3592031A (en) * 1968-12-09 1971-07-13 English Electric Co Ltd Automatic control of rolling mills
US3600920A (en) * 1967-10-23 1971-08-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Screwdown offset system and method for improved gauge control

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2726541A (en) * 1951-11-27 1955-12-13 Sims Raymond Bernard Measuring apparatus for rolling or drawing sheet or strip material
US3232084A (en) * 1961-04-13 1966-02-01 Davy & United Eng Co Ltd Mill control systems
US3332263A (en) * 1963-12-10 1967-07-25 Gen Electric Computer control system for metals rolling mill
US3600920A (en) * 1967-10-23 1971-08-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Screwdown offset system and method for improved gauge control
US3561237A (en) * 1967-11-29 1971-02-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp Predictive gauge control method and apparatus for metal rolling mills
US3592031A (en) * 1968-12-09 1971-07-13 English Electric Co Ltd Automatic control of rolling mills

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4460852A (en) * 1981-02-06 1984-07-17 Sumitomo Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Gaisha Method of controlling mill motors speeds in a cold tandem mill
US4506197A (en) * 1981-02-06 1985-03-19 Sumitomo Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of controlling mill motors speeds in a cold tandem mill
US4691546A (en) * 1982-11-11 1987-09-08 Davy Mckee (Sheffield) Limited Rolling mill control for tandem rolling
US5010756A (en) * 1988-11-29 1991-04-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Method of and apparatus for controlling shape of rolled material on multi-high rolling mill
CN102581003A (zh) * 2012-04-01 2012-07-18 穆牧之 智能型数字液压控制四辊可逆精轧机
US20150094843A1 (en) * 2012-05-23 2015-04-02 Baoshan Iron K& Steel Co., Ltd. Performance feed-forward thickness control method in tandem cold mill
US9623459B2 (en) * 2012-05-23 2017-04-18 Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. Performance feed-forward thickness control method in tandem cold mill

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1029285B (it) 1979-03-10
BE827246A (fr) 1975-09-29
ES436096A1 (es) 1977-04-16
JPS50133152A (fr) 1975-10-22
FR2265467A1 (fr) 1975-10-24
FR2265467B1 (fr) 1982-02-05

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