US3889488A - Refrigerating apparatus - Google Patents

Refrigerating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3889488A
US3889488A US427685A US42768573A US3889488A US 3889488 A US3889488 A US 3889488A US 427685 A US427685 A US 427685A US 42768573 A US42768573 A US 42768573A US 3889488 A US3889488 A US 3889488A
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United States
Prior art keywords
articles
liquefied gas
tank
outlet end
tubular body
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Expired - Lifetime
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US427685A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hiroyuki Maeda
Takuma Matsuda
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Osaka Gas Co Ltd
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Osaka Gas Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
    • F25D25/04—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled by conveyors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F25D3/11—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/24—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid
    • G01F23/246—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid thermal devices
    • G01F23/247—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid thermal devices for discrete levels

Definitions

  • a refrigerating apparatus having a tank for containing Dec. 27, 1972 Japan 48-940 liquefied gas and a vibrator for vibrating the tank. AF ticles are fed to the tank from one side thereof, placed [52] U.S. Cl. 62/218; 62/374; 62/378 into the liquefied gas for refrigeration, sent to the [51] Int. Cl.
  • the present invention relates to a refrigerating apparatus comprising a tank for containing liquefied gas for refrigerating articles and conveying means by which the articles placed in the liquefied gas within the tank are conveyed through the liquefied gas from one side of the tank to the other side and the conveyed articles are then taken out from the liquefied gas.
  • Apparatuses for refrigerating articles by immersing them in a low-temperature liquefied gas such as Freon, liquefied carbonic acid, liquefied nitrogen or the like find versatile applications, for example, for refrigerating and freezing foodstuffs, for refrigerating plastic materials such as rubbers and plastics as pretreatment for crushing these materials and for sub-zero treatment of metals, inasmuch as immersion of articles in liquefied gas is advantageous in that both the sensible heat of liquefied gas and the latent heat due to vaporization of-the gas can be utilized for the refrigeration of articles and further in that the thermal conductivity in the case of contact between liquid and solid is more than ten times higher than that involved in the contact betweengas and solid, making it possible to effectively utilize expensive refrigerating energy and to achieve rapid refrigeration.
  • a low-temperature liquefied gas such as Freon, liquefied carbonic acid, liquefied nitrogen or the like
  • the conveying means heretofore used or proposed for this purpose are belt conveyors, chain conveyors, roller conveyors and/or screw conveyors.
  • the conveying means is in contact with liquefied gas with any of the conventional apparatuses, the conveying means is very likely to become inoperative due to freezing. For instance, freezing frequently takes place'where the rotary shaft of roller conveyor or screw conveyor is supported on the bearing, where the belt or chain of belt conveyor or chain conveyor is in sliding contact with the guide rail or where the screw of screw conveyor is in sliding contact with the outer cylinder.
  • SUMMARY'OF THE INVENTION means for vibrating the tank and conveying surface from outside the tank in a direction along the article conveying direction and inclined with respect to the conveying surface, the article carrying member extending over the entire length of path of conveyance of the articles through the liquefied gas and having a gently slanting upper surface extending upward above the liquid level of liquefied gas within the tank toward the terminal end of the path of conveyance.
  • the present invention is characterized in that the tank in its entirety is vibrated from outside to convey articles through liquefied gas and to take out refrigerated articles thereform without permitting the liquefied gas to contact ,the article conveying means. Accordingly, the refrigerating apparatus of this invention has the following outstanding advantages:
  • the vibrating means which is disposed outside the tank is least affected by the temperature of lowtemperature liquefied gas, this rendering the apparatus operable almost free from troubles owing to freezing and thermal contractionalready described. Moreover, the heat to be generated by the operation of the vibrating means will hardly be transferred to the lowtemperature liquefied gas to nearly obviate the foregoing objections such as waste of liquefied gas and impaired refrigerating efficiency which have conventionally been attributable to the heat of friction caused by the conveying means.
  • the articles are conveyed through the liquefied gas with frequently repeated intermittent motion at invariably varying high velocities relative to the liquefied gas.
  • the resulting gaseous films formed around the articles can be reduced in thickness as compared with conventional apparatuses or such gaseous films can be almost eliminated under favorable conditions, making it possible to effectively utilize satisfactory heat transfer between liquid and solid for efficient refrigeration as already described.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a refrigerating apparatus which is less susceptible to troubles during conveyance to be caused when the means for conveying articles to be refrigerated becomes refrigerated ,with liquefied gas.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a refrigerating apparatus in which impaired heat transfer attributable to the vaporization of liquefied gas is remedied to make it possible to refrigerate articles rapidly and to thereby refrigerate articles in continuous operation and which is therefore compact relative to its ability.
  • Another project of this invention is to provide a refrigerating apparatus which is capable of preventing vaporization of liquefied gas due to the heat of friction caused by the operation of means for conveying articles to be refrigerated.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a refrigerating apparatus which is designed to effectively utilize the refrigerating energy of expensive liquefied gas and which is therefore inexpensive to operate.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide a refrigerating apparatus in which the component part to be refrigerated in the initial stage of operation are low in heat capacity so as to'mitigate waste of refrigerating energy in the initial stage of operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side elevation partly broken away and showing an apparatus in its entirety
  • FIG. 2 is a view in section taken along the line Il-ll in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a view illustrating the mode of conveyance of articles.
  • Articles stored in a container 1 are supplied by a feeder 2 to a tank 3 through an inlet 4 upwardly open at one end of the tank 3 in an almost constant amount per unit hour.
  • the tank 3 contains a liquefied gas 5 suitable to refrigerate the articles placed therein.
  • the articles supplied to the tank 3 through the inlet 4 are conveyed through the liquefied gas 5 and discharged from the tank 3 through an outlet 6 open downward at the other end of the tank 3.
  • the tank 3 is in the form of a cylindrical body 12 having a substantially horizontal longitudinal axis 7.
  • the cylindrical body 12 includes a first tubular member 8 forming an inner wall surface and a second tubular member 9 forming an outer wall surface, the tubular members 8 and 9 being spaced apart and disposed coaxially.
  • the space between the first and second tubular members 8 and 9 is filled with a suitable known insulating material and/or is reduced in pressure.
  • the space may contain a vacuum.
  • the first tubular member 8 is gently inclined upward toward the outlet 6.
  • the bottom portion of the first tubular member 8 is gently inclined upward as at 11 and extends upward above the liquid level of the liquefied gas 5 within the tank 3.
  • the cylindrical body 12 is mounted on a base 17 by three sets of support means 16 each comprising two inclined plate springs 13 and 14 substantially in parallel to each other and a coiled spring 15 stretchable ap proximately perpendicular to the plate springs 13 and 14.
  • the plate springs 13 and 14 act to regulate the vibration of the cylindrical body 12, the cylindrical body 12 being rockable in one direction along its longitudinal axis 7.
  • a crank shaft 18 mounted on the base 17 is driven by an electric motor 19 on the base 17 through pulleys 20, 21 and a belt 22.
  • the crank shaft 18 is further connected to the cylindrical body 12 by a connecting rod 23 and shock absorber 24 comprising an elastic body as of hard rubber.
  • the electric motor 19 rocks the cylindrical body 12 in a direction along the direction of longitudinal axis 7, namely along the article conveying direction. the direction of rocking being inclined with respect to a horizontal plane.
  • the first tubular member 8 reciprocally moves with an amplitude of L in the directions of dot-line arrows in FIG. 3 to send the articles 25 forward in the direction of longitudinal axis 7 of the cylindrical body 12 (in the direction of solid-line arrow) as if throwing them away obliquely upward within the liquefied gas 5.
  • the articles 25 are progressively sent from inlet 4 to outlet 6.
  • the articles ascend the gently upwardly slanting surface 11, where the articles 25 are separated from the liquefied gas 5 and the articles refrigerated with the liquefied gas 5 are thereafter discharged from the outlet 6.
  • the refrigerated articles 25 will be taken out from the outlet 6 in succession, hence efficient refrigeration.
  • the refrigerated articles discharged from the outlet 6 are sent to a subsequent process such as crushing process by suitable conveying means (not shown), detailed description of which will be herein omitted.
  • One end of a pipe 26 connected to liquefied gas supply means (not shown) extends into the interior space of the first tubular member 8, whilst there is provided means 27 for detecting the liquid level of liquefied gas 5 in the first tubular member 8.
  • a signal from the liquid level detecting means 27 is fed to a controller 28, which in turn emits a signal to open and close an electromagnetic valve 29 mounted on the pipe 26 and to thereby keep the liquid level of the liquefied gas 5 nearly constant within the cylindrical body 12.
  • the liquid level detecting means 27 comprises a pipe 30 and a sensor 31 housed in the pipe 30.
  • One end of the pipe 30 is positioned outside the cylindrical body 12, while the other end thereof is positioned in the liquefied gas 5.
  • the upper and lower ends of the pipe 30 communicate with each other through the interior thereof.
  • the lower end of the pipe 30 is placed sufficiently deep in the liquefied gas 5 so as not to position above the liquid level of the liquefied gas 5 in the event of variation of the liquid level of the liquefied gas 5.
  • the inner diameter of the pipe 30 is small enough to prevent access of atmospheric air to the position of the sensor 31.
  • the sensor 31 is made for example of carbon or gallium arsenide through which feable current is passed, the construction being'such that the variation of feable current is detected which will be caused by a change in temperature depending on whether the sensor is located in the liquefied gas or not.
  • the sensor comprises a sealed container made of a material of good thermal conductivity and a gas enclosed in the container and capable of undergoing condensation and vaporization depending on whether the sensor is positioned in the liquefied gas or not so that the gas pressure can be detected.
  • a gas enclosed in the container may be selected dependent on the liquefied gas as an object; for example. a gas mixture of argon and oxygen may be used as a gas for liquefied nitrogen.
  • the senor is one which is adapted to detect the liquid level of liquefied gas by detecting various physical changes resulting from changes in temperature.
  • the sensor 31 may fail to detect the liquid level correctly in the event of freezing of water or condensation of various gases taking place around the sensor 31, such failure due to freezing or condensation will be prevented by the construction that the sensor 31 is housed in the pipe 30 and is therefore enclosed with the gas vaporized from the liquefied gas 5.
  • a pipe 32 has one end which is open to the interior of the first tubular member 8 at an upper portion thereof and the other end open to the interior of the feeder 2.
  • a low-temperature gas vaporized from the liquefied gas within the cylindrical body 12 is supplied to the feeder via the pipe 32 by a blower 33 mounted thereon so as to cool the articles before they are fed to the cylindrical body 12.
  • the cylindrical body 12 is almost closed except at the inlet 4 and outlet 6, permitting the low-temperature gas to be led through the pipe 32 to the feeder 2 easily while rendering the atmospheric air inaccessible to the interior of the cylindrical body 12.
  • lt is preferably to close the inlet 4 and outlet 6 as with gas curtains.
  • the feeder 2 Usable as the feeder 2 are various known conveyor means such as roller conveyor, chain conveyor, belt conveyor and screw conveyor. Gravity feed means is likewise employable which is equipped with a damper or the like to control the amount of supply. Briefly, suitable means may be selected for use in accordance with the kind, size and properties of articles to be refrigerated. Although the container 1 and feeder 2 are convenient for continuous refrigeration, the articles may be fed to the cylindrical body 12 manually without departing from the technical concept of this invention, instead of employing the container 1 and/or feeder 2.
  • Examples of articles 25 are various foodstuffs, rubbers, plastics and like plastic materials, metals and versatile other articles.
  • the present apparatus is usable for many of known refrigerating processes.
  • Exemplary of the liquefied gas 5 are Freon, liquefied carbonic acid, liquefied nitrogen and various liquefied gases heretofore used as refrigerants.
  • a suitable gas may be selected in accordance with the properties of articles to be refrigerated, purpose of refrigeration, economy and various conditions involved.
  • the amount and depth of the liquefied gas 5 within the cylindrical body 12 may be determined appropriately, depending on the size and refrigeration characteristics of articles to be refrigerated.
  • the tank 3 for containing the liquefied gas 5 in the embodiment is the cylindrical body 12 of circular section
  • the present invention can be practiced without departing from its technical concept by using tanks of elliptical, square and various other sections, or one having an upper opening although inferior in preventing waste of liquefied gas.
  • the tank is preferably in the form of a doublelayer tube containing a vacuum in the space between the inner and outer walls of the tube.
  • the tube is then preferably of circular or elliptical section. It is further desired to minimize the opening of the tank 3 so that the lowtemperature gas resulting from vaporization of the liquefied gas 5 will not escape from the interior of the tank 3.
  • the use of low-temperature gas in the tank 3 to previously cool the articles serves to effectively utilize the refrigerating energy of liquefied gas 5 (e.g., a saving of 20% of liquefied gas as ascertained by an experiment), but the pre-cooling means can be omitted without departing from the spirit of this invention.
  • the means for vibrating the tank 3 containing the liquefied gas 5 may be of various types conventionally employed in vibrating conveyors.
  • the velocity of conveyance of articles by vibration is adapted for the refrigeration characteristics of articles to be treated, the desired refrigerating temperature and/or length of conveying path for the articles in the liquefied gas, by suitably determining the direction in which the tank 3 is vibrated, frequency and/or amplitude of vibration.
  • the article conveying velocity is made variable as desired so as to assure satisfactory refrigeration all the time.
  • the inner bottom wall of the tank 3 as the member for carrying articles in the liquefied gas.
  • a special guide plate or the like may be disposed in the liquefied gas 5 within the tank 3.
  • the article carrying member need not necessarily be one which provides a rectilinear path for conveying articles but may be designed to convey the articles along a curved path. If a curved path is employed, the tank 3 is vibrated in a direction along the conveying direction of the curved path, the direction of vibration being inclined with respect to the conveying surface, whereby the articles can be conveyed smoothly. Especially if a helical conveying path is formed about a generally vertical axis to convey the articles upward along the path, the apparatus will require a floor space which is small relative to the length of the conveying path, hence convenient.
  • liquid level detecting means 27 and/or controller 28 Various means heretofore v employed for liquefied gases are usable as the liquid level detecting means 27 and/or controller 28. Alternatively, such means may be dispensed with, in which case the amount of gas vaporized from the liquefied gas will be automatically or manually supplied to the tank.
  • a tank having a double-layer construction of circular section was used, the space between its inner and outer walls being packed with granular perlite and rendered substantially vacuum.
  • the tank was installed in place with its longitudinal axis positioned generally horizontally.
  • the tank measured about 355.6 mm in the diameter of its interior space and contained liquefied nitrogen to a maximum depth of about 30 mm over a length of about 5,200 mm in the article conveying direction.
  • the interior bottom wall of the tank toward the outlet had an angle of inclination of about 4 with respect to a horizontal plane and was positioned above the liquid level of liquefied nitrogen at the outlet.
  • the tank was vibrated minutely in a direction at about 6 with respect to a vertical plane, substantially in parallel to the article conveying direction, such that it would be brought to an increasingly higher level toward the conveying direction, permitting articles to be discharged from the outlet about 7 minutes after they were fed through the inlet.
  • fragments of waste tires measuring about 100 mm X 100 mm X l0 mm were supplied to the tank through the inlet, with the result that they were found refrigerated to l C when discharged from the tank and were crushable as intended in the subsequent crushing process.
  • a refrigerating apparatus comprising, in combination:
  • a tank for containing liquefied gas for refrigerating articles said tank having an inlet end and an outlet end; and b. means for advancing articles as placed in the liquefied gas within said tank from said inlet end to said outlet end to remove advanced articles from the liquefied gas, said means for advancing articles including 1. an article carrying member disposed at least partially beneath said liquefied gas in said tank and having a conveying surface for conveying such articles as may be placed thereon, said conveying surface extending substantially over the entire length of the distance between said inlet end and said outlet end and having at least a portion toward said outlet end gradually rising above a level of the liquefied gas within said tank, and
  • said tank is formed of a tubular body having a generally horizontal longitudinal axis and said article carrying member is the interior bottom wall of said tubular body, said tubular body being substantially closed except for an opening at said inlet end for feeding the articles into the interior thereof and another opening at said outlet end for discharging the articles therefrom, the apparatus further comprising at least one containing member for storing the articles to be fed into the interior of said tubular body, means for feeding the articles from said containing member into the liquefied gas within said tubular body at an approximately constant rate, liquefied gas supplying means for supplying the liquefied gas to said interior of said tubular body, a controller for controlling said liquefied gas supplying means to keep the liquid level of the liquefied gas within said tubular body substantially constant and conduit means for supplying the gas from within said tubular body to said containing member and to said feeding means to cool the articles before they are fed into said tank.
  • An improved apparatus as set forth in claim 1, further comprising means for supplying the liquefied gas to the interior of said tank and a controller for controlling the liquefied gas supplying means to keep the liquid level of the liquefied gas in said tank substantially constant.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US427685A 1972-12-27 1973-12-26 Refrigerating apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3889488A (en)

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JP73940A JPS5229458B2 (hr) 1972-12-27 1972-12-27

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BE (1) BE809132A (hr)
DE (1) DE2364749C3 (hr)
FR (1) FR2212521B1 (hr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4165618A (en) * 1978-04-24 1979-08-28 Lewis Tyree Jr Treatment with liquid cryogen
US4276753A (en) * 1980-05-19 1981-07-07 Formax, Inc. Cryogenic freezing tunnel control system
US4989416A (en) * 1988-12-09 1991-02-05 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Tunnel freezer
US5299426A (en) * 1991-03-21 1994-04-05 L'air Liquide, Societe Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Proocedes Georges Claude Freezing process and apparatus
US5368240A (en) * 1990-10-23 1994-11-29 Ubd Patent - Und Lizenzverwaltungsgesellschaft Apparatus for reducing rubber to particles
US5423186A (en) * 1993-02-10 1995-06-13 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process and device for freezing substances contained in receptacles
US5428972A (en) * 1993-02-10 1995-07-04 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Freezing device with vibrating trough
US5522227A (en) * 1992-12-29 1996-06-04 The Boc Group, Inc. Apparatus and method of freezing food
FR2853403A1 (fr) * 2003-04-07 2004-10-08 Air Liquide Procede et installation de traitement- croutage/refroidissement/surgelation-de produits
US20060070393A1 (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-06 Robert Muscato Apparatus and method for freezing food products
EP1731861A1 (fr) * 2005-06-09 2006-12-13 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé de refroidissement cryogénique d'une poudre
US20100166929A1 (en) * 2008-12-30 2010-07-01 Mccormick Stephen A Conveyor belt having rotating drive shaft

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2547521A1 (de) * 1975-10-23 1977-04-28 Linde Ag Vorrichtung zum abkuehlen von gegenstaenden
DK173125B1 (da) * 1994-06-24 2000-01-31 Nielsen Hede As Fryseapparat samt anvendelse af samme

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3413818A (en) * 1963-12-13 1968-12-03 Fmc Corp Immersion freezing
US3558105A (en) * 1968-05-29 1971-01-26 Thomas A Moritz Can cooling apparatus
US3733839A (en) * 1971-08-12 1973-05-22 Du Pont Process for removing articles from heat extraction devices

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3413818A (en) * 1963-12-13 1968-12-03 Fmc Corp Immersion freezing
US3558105A (en) * 1968-05-29 1971-01-26 Thomas A Moritz Can cooling apparatus
US3733839A (en) * 1971-08-12 1973-05-22 Du Pont Process for removing articles from heat extraction devices

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4165618A (en) * 1978-04-24 1979-08-28 Lewis Tyree Jr Treatment with liquid cryogen
US4276753A (en) * 1980-05-19 1981-07-07 Formax, Inc. Cryogenic freezing tunnel control system
US4989416A (en) * 1988-12-09 1991-02-05 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Tunnel freezer
US5368240A (en) * 1990-10-23 1994-11-29 Ubd Patent - Und Lizenzverwaltungsgesellschaft Apparatus for reducing rubber to particles
US5299426A (en) * 1991-03-21 1994-04-05 L'air Liquide, Societe Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Proocedes Georges Claude Freezing process and apparatus
AU658178B2 (en) * 1991-03-21 1995-04-06 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Freezing method and device
US5522227A (en) * 1992-12-29 1996-06-04 The Boc Group, Inc. Apparatus and method of freezing food
US5423186A (en) * 1993-02-10 1995-06-13 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process and device for freezing substances contained in receptacles
US5428972A (en) * 1993-02-10 1995-07-04 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Freezing device with vibrating trough
WO2004092668A1 (fr) 2003-04-07 2004-10-28 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procede et installation de traitement -croutage/refroidissement/surgelation- de produits.
US7805951B2 (en) 2003-04-07 2010-10-05 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and apparatus for the crust-freezing/cooling/deep-freezing treatment of products
US20060196194A1 (en) * 2003-04-07 2006-09-07 L'air Liquid Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conse Method and system for treating rind formation/cooling/deep freezing-products
JP2006522309A (ja) * 2003-04-07 2006-09-28 レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・ア・ディレクトワール・エ・コンセイユ・ドゥ・スールベイランス・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード 製品の外皮凍結／冷却／ディープフリージング処理のための方法および設備
FR2853403A1 (fr) * 2003-04-07 2004-10-08 Air Liquide Procede et installation de traitement- croutage/refroidissement/surgelation-de produits
AU2004230991B2 (en) * 2003-04-07 2009-10-08 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L"Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and installation for the crust-freezing/cooling/deep-freezing treatment of products
CN1768240B (zh) * 2003-04-07 2010-10-06 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 用于产品的表面冷冻、冷却或深度冷冻处理的方法和设备
US20060070393A1 (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-06 Robert Muscato Apparatus and method for freezing food products
KR101225227B1 (ko) 2004-10-01 2013-01-22 린드 엘엘씨 제품 냉각용 또는 냉동용 장치, 제품 냉장용 장치 및제품을 개별적으로 급속 냉동시키는 방법
CN101432587B (zh) * 2004-10-01 2011-12-14 波克股份有限公司 冷冻食物类产品的装置与方法
US7296431B2 (en) * 2004-10-01 2007-11-20 The Boc Group, Inc. Apparatus and method for freezing food products
WO2006039274A3 (en) * 2004-10-01 2009-04-16 Boc Group Inc Apparatus and method for freezing food products
AU2005292281B2 (en) * 2004-10-01 2010-01-28 Linde Gas North America Llc Apparatus and method for freezing food products
EP1731861A1 (fr) * 2005-06-09 2006-12-13 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé de refroidissement cryogénique d'une poudre
US7739878B2 (en) 2005-06-09 2010-06-22 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for the cryogenic cooling of powders using an early control strategy
AU2006202435B2 (en) * 2005-06-09 2011-02-10 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for the cryogenic cooling of powders using an early control strategy
US20060288712A1 (en) * 2005-06-09 2006-12-28 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploita Method for the cryogenic cooling of powders using an early control strategy
FR2887019A1 (fr) * 2005-06-09 2006-12-15 Air Liquide Procede de refroidissement cryogenique de poudres mettant en oeuvre une strategie de controle anticipe
US20100166929A1 (en) * 2008-12-30 2010-07-01 Mccormick Stephen A Conveyor belt having rotating drive shaft
US7810347B2 (en) 2008-12-30 2010-10-12 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Conveyor belt having rotating drive shaft
US7827818B2 (en) 2008-12-30 2010-11-09 Linde Ag Conveyor belt having rotating drive shaft

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2212521B1 (hr) 1976-11-19
DE2364749C3 (de) 1978-08-10
JPS5229458B2 (hr) 1977-08-02
JPS4988143A (hr) 1974-08-23
DE2364749A1 (de) 1974-07-18
BE809132A (fr) 1974-04-16
FR2212521A1 (hr) 1974-07-26
DE2364749B2 (de) 1977-11-24

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