US38858A - Improvement in permutation-locks - Google Patents

Description

-Nr-TED STAT-Es PATENT OFFICE.'

JOHN coNNELL, or. EocHEsr'EE, NEW YORK, AssieNoR To MARTIN sarees, oF sAME PLACE.

- IMPROVEMENT INPERMUTATlONLLOCKS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 38,858, dated June 9, 1863.

ment; Fig. 2, a central vertical transverse section thereof, with the back plates in place; Fig. 3,' a diagram exhibiting ausedge .view-of the bolt, and a central section 'of the back of the lock, andv showing'more particularly the manner of lockingl said back in place when the bolt is reversed; Figs. 4 and '5, obverse and reverse \'*iews,respectively, of one of the permutation-wheels, on an enlarged scale 5 Figs 16, 7, and 8, views showing the construc-- tion ofthe permutation-wheels; Fig. 9, a view of the knob' by which the lock is actuated.

Iiikelettersof referenceindicate corresponding parts inallthe figures.,

In ordinary permutation-locks the tumbler is actuated by means ot' an ordinary cam or eccentric on the shat't ot` the Iknob or key, and the dog, which nts into the notches ot' the permutationwheels,to allow the bolt to move,

is brought with considerable force against the edges ot' said wheels at every turn of the knob.- This action produces a sound by the concussion, which, to .the practiced ear of anaccomplished burglar, enables him to ascertainwith a greater degree otvexactness the relative positioncf the permutation-wheels, and to more readily bring them into the proper combination to release the bolt.

My invention consists in operating the dog in such a manner that it sha-ll not rest against the pe'rnnitation-wheelsat anytime during their-'motion' in producing the. desired combination, nor be brought in Contact therewith with any degree'- of torce, so as to produce sound; also, in locking'the back of the lock in place when the bolt is disengaged or thrown back, so that no one can open it to ascertain the position of the wheels for the next permutation or combination, or to study its construction-.1

- In the general construction .of 'mylock vI employ many of the parts patented to Henry W. Covert', and my invention isintended as an improvement on his devices. The'case A ofthe lock is of ordinary construction.v In this -rests ,a bolt, B, and tumbler C, fitted face' to face, the former'provided with projecting lugs a 0., Figs. l and 8, at suitable positions on eacliside of the 1tumbler, and thelatter with hook-shaped detents or projections b b, which, as the tumbler is raised, slide up on 'one side or the other of the lugs (according as the bolt-is'thrown forward or back)` to keep said bolt in positions The-bolt is'operated by the friction of a ca1n,c, on the sliding shaft .E of the knob, iittingin a hollow sleeve or collar, F, Fig. 2, which has a cam, d, Fig. 1,

resting in a notch, e, of suitable shape inthe bolt, the device being' the'saine as Ithat patented to H. QW. Govert', October 5, 1858.'v A

knob is attached to the extremity of the slid ingshaft, providedwith a d isk or circular head, G,- whichjust ts in a socket, H, Fig.

2, of suitable shape, secured to the door, and which is of sufficient projection to allow the proper slidingmotion to theshaft to accomplish the result desired. The bolt and tumbler are kept in placeand guided in their motions'by means of lugs -f f f ot the case, which also serve as the sockets for bolts to secure a'plate, I, Fig. 2, by which the parts'are lreta-ined in position.' Outside this plate theback K of the lock is secured by means of bolts passing through holes g g. The back is provided with acen'tral circular opening, in the rim iof'which lits a hollow cyiinder, .Ii,"Fig`s. 2 and 3, ot' suitable size for containing 'the permutationwheels M M, and having a central axis or bearing, 7L, for their support.

. The permutationwvheels are similarin general construction to' those patented to H. W. Covert, March 1, 1859, being'composed of two parts-an outer'ring, t, 6,' and al center disk, u, Fig. 7, lwhich fits inthe ring.- The two parts are shown united'inthe-section,

Fig. 8. The object of this arrangement is to to adjust the index-hand to the scale exactly,l

Vbut also to tit all the corrugations around the whole, circumference into those of the opposite piece. Instead of this arrangement, I make a circle of holesfc c, Figs. 6 and 8, through the inner rim of the ring t, corresponding to the divisions of the scale, and info any of these fit corresponding pins,- 'w 10, Figs. Tand 8, projecting from the face of the center disk, u. The parts are thus capable of being adjusted to any position, and are at thesame time held firmly together. By this arrangement I am obliged'to make the holes in but one part, and these are bored with great facility and yeractness, whereas, if corrugations are used, they have to be made in both parts or" the device, and have to be accurately fitted to enter each o-ther. I am thus enabled to secure a more perfect arrangement at less labor and cost. The wheels are provided with the usual notch, 7c, in the periphery, in which catches the dog for releasing ythe bolt, and alsov a stop, r, in a groove, q, or equivalent, on one sidein4 whichgroove tits the pin s, by which the wheels are operated. The dog N forms a part of the tumbler C, projecting from it, and being substantially of the shape represented in Figs. l and 2, its lower edge, l, being of Y such form and position as to restin the notches of the permutation-wheels as the tumbler falls to its lowest situation. At the proper point the dog is provided with a bearing,m,extend ing downward, and having secured in its lower end a friction-roller, fn, Figs. 'l and 2, which, when in its lowest position, rests near the cylindrical end o of the knob-shaft. In the rear of the friction-wheel the knob-shaft is provided with a circular cam, O, whose diameter is just such as to laie the tumbler to a suicient height to release the dog fromthe notches of the permutation-wheels, as: indicated by red lines. The face of this cam next the friction-roller is made beveling, as representedat p. Thus arranged, when the slidin'g shaft E is drawn ont endwise to itsv farthest extent and the notches of the permutation-wheels are all in coincidence, as indicated in the drawings, the dog N will rest in said notches, the iwheels being disengaged from the shaft, and the tumbler will be lowered so that the boltB can be movedv to either lock or unlock the device but it' the sliding shaft be .pushed inward, in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2,the bevel p of thecam will strike the friction-roller n, and raise the tumbler, (thereby holding the bolt in place,) and consequently lift the dog from the notches of the permutation-wheels, at the same time bringing them in gear by means of the grooves q q and pins s s. Thus, when the wheels are in gear to produce their' movement,.the dog is always raised away from their edges, and in reversingthe knob-shaf t they are always disengagedbefore the dog falls, 'so that no sound canbeprodu( ed from friction. The dog falls only from the weight of the tumbler itself, and but a very small distance, and the velocity of its fall is only in proportion to that of reversing the shaft ot' the knob. Therefore no loud sound can be produced by the gradual falling of the dog and its contact with the edges of the permutation-wheels.

If t-he reversing of the shaft is sudden, t-o al-4 low the dog to fall quickly, the concussion of the latter will be drowned by the noise ot' the. shaft'itself. In ordinary devices, thedog can be caused to strike the edges of the wheels repeatedly by actuating ythe knob, so that the burglar can, as it were, feel the position of said wheels by the touch or thefsound produced. In this device the dog is not thus under his control, as it only falls from its own weight, there being no positive powerexerted to bring it in contact with the wheels. This device accomplishes the purpose perfectly, while at the same time it is a very convenientmeans for operating the tumbler, irre-- spective of its advantage in governing the dog. When the bolt is reversed, and the door unlocked, it would be very easy forvclerks or others to remove the cylinder L and back K ofthe lock, for examining theinterior, were the same not secured inplace otherwise than by the proper bolts. I remedy ythis diliculty by securingto the bolt B, in the proper position, a projection, l?, Figs. l and 3, having aright'- angled catch, which, when the bolt is rcversed or thrown back for opening the door, catches into a hole, u, made through the side of the rim or angcfi ot' the back, and through the side of the cylinder. Thus, when the door is unlocked, Aso that'l the lock is exposed, no one can remove either the back or cylinder. The cylinder is further held by a screw, c, passing through the back. i

4W'hat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is Y l. The arrangementand combination of the cam O on the operating-shaft, the bearingy m and dog N of the tumbler G, and the permutation-wheels M M, whereby the dog is pre-l vented from producing noise or pressure on the edges of the wheels, substantially as herein set forth'.

2. Locking the back K and cylinder L in place, when the bolt is reversed or thrown back, by means of the catch P, passing throu gh the hole u, arranged and operating substantially as herein set forth.

4In witness whereof I have hereunto signedV my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' JOHN CONNELL.

Witnesses:

MARTIN Beides," R. F. OsGooD.

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