US3885184A - High-pressure discharge lamp - Google Patents
High-pressure discharge lamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3885184A US3885184A US332117A US33211773A US3885184A US 3885184 A US3885184 A US 3885184A US 332117 A US332117 A US 332117A US 33211773 A US33211773 A US 33211773A US 3885184 A US3885184 A US 3885184A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lamp
- conductor
- discharge tube
- wall
- lead
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
- H01J61/366—Seals for leading-in conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
- H01J61/361—Seals between parts of vessel
- H01J61/363—End-disc seals or plug seals
Definitions
- the invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp provided with a discharge tube which includes at least one internal electrode and a current lead-through conductor connected to said electrode.
- a high-pressure discharge lamp of the kind referred to is described, for example. in French Pat. No. 1,557,527.
- a drawback of this known discharge lamp is that the ends of the discharge tube in the operating condition often assume too low temperature. This causes too small a vapour pressure in the discharge tube and this in turn leads to a relatively low efficiency, for example, expressed in lumens/watt.
- Steps were proposed to being these ends of the discharge tube to a higher temperature. But these were steps necessitating extra components such as strips provided about the ends of the discharge tube. Furthermore this had the drawback that several stages had to be added to the manufacture of the lamp.
- An object of the invention is to provide a highpressure discharge lamp of the kind described in the preamble in which in the operating condition a discharge tube end acquires a sufficiently high temperature and in which this is realized in a simple manner without the complication of strips about such an end.
- a high-pressure discharge lamp provided with a discharge tube which includes at least one internal electrode and a current lead-through conductor connected to said electrode is characterized in that the resistance of the path of the current leadthrough conductor between the outer wall and the inner wall of the discharge tube is so large that in the operating condition of the lamp the product of this re sistance (in ohms) and the current (in amperes) through this lead-through conductor is more than l.O-.
- the relatively high voltage drop across the leadthrough path can be realized, for example, by giving the lead-through conductor a slight cross-section at its leadthrough area.
- the lead-through may consist of a rod or a tube or of a collection of parallel-arranged conductors. In the latter case the joint cross-section of these conductors is of course to be taken into account.
- the coefficient of expansion of the material of the lead-through conductor is in satisfactory conformity with the coefficient of expansion of the material through which the lead-through conductor protrudes.
- the material of the lead-through conductor through this member may consist of, for example, niobium. As is known the coefficients of expansion of aluminum oxide and niobium correspond satisfactorily.
- a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention is preferably formed in such a manner that the current lead-through conductor is also the closing member for the dischage tube.
- the current lead-through conductor then has a triple function, for it serves for the current supply of the electrode in the discharge tube, furthermore for the evolution of heat at an end of the discharge tube and finally as a closing member for the discharge tube.
- the coefficient of expansion of the material for the closing member in high-pressure discharge lamps according to the invention preferably differs not more than 3Xl0 "'/C from the coefficient of expansion of the material for the wall of the discharge tube.
- connection between the closing member and the wall of the discharge vessel may be relatively simple.
- the wall of the discharge tube mainly consists of a ceramic material, particularly aluminum oxide
- the path of the current lead-through conductor is preferably a cermet, particularly an aluminum-oxide cermet, whose ceramic constituent has the same composition as the ceramic material for the wall of the discharge tube.
- Cermet is understood to mean a refractory material consisting of a heterogeneous combination of one or more metals and/or alloys having one or more ceramic phases.
- An advantage of this embodiment is that for highpressure discharge lamps such as, for example, highpressure sodium vapour discharge lamps or highpressure discharge lamps using mercury and one or more halides in the discharge tube a sealing of the discharge tube can be obtained which is reliable due to the satisfactory conformity between the coefficients of expansion of the parts constituting the discharge tube, which is an additional advantage to the advantage of the simple current lead-through and of sufficiently hot discharge tube ends.
- this cermet in the case of using an aluminum oxide cermet, also includes a metal selected from the group consisting of iron and molybdenum and a connecting conductor of the cermet includes this same metal.
- An advantage of this preferred embodiment is that the adhesion of this connecting conductor to the cermet, if this connecting conductor is (partly) inserted into the cermet. is satisfactory because an intimate contact is possible between the metal of the connecting conductor and the metal phase of the cermet.
- the discharge tube not only includes the first internal electrode but also a second internal electrode and the second internal electrode is connected to a second current leadthrough conductor whose resistance of the path between the outer wall and the inner wall of the discharge tube is so large that in the operating condition of the lamp the product of this resistance (in ohms) and the current (in amperes) through this second current leadthrough conductor is more than 1.0-.
- This lamp is that none of the two ends can become too cold This lamp can therefore be used. for example, in more operating positions than a lamp whose discharge tube has only one tube end which can be maintained at a sufficiently high temperature.
- the drawing shows a longitudinal section of a highpressure discharge lamp according to the invention
- the lamp shown is a high-pressure sodium vapour discharge lamp of 400 Watts.
- 1 denotes a discharge tube. This tube is surrounded by an outer envelope 2.
- 3 denotes a lamp cap.
- the discharge tube 1 has a cylindrical wall (4) consisting of densely sintered (polycrystalline) aluminum oxide. This wall may alternatively consist of, for example, sapphire.
- the tube 1 is sealed by means of two eylindrical studs 5 and 6 of an aluminum oxide cermet In the relevant ease this was a molybdenum/aluminum oxide cermet.
- the studs 5 and 6 are secured to the ends of the tube wall 4 by means of melting glass
- a molybdenum rod 7 leading to an internal electrode 8 is secured in the stud 5.
- 9 denotes a molybdenum current supply rod.
- stud 6 is provided with molybdenum rods 10 and 12, rod 10 leading to a sccond internal electrode (1]).
- l3 denotes a terminal wire which is connected to the rod 9.
- the operating voltage of the lamp shown was approx imately lOS Volts and the lamp current was approximately 44 amperes.
- the cermet studs 5 and 6 had a re' sistance between the rods 9 and 7 and between the rods 12 and 10 of approximately 0.4 Ohm. The voltage drop across each of these studs was consequently approximately 4.4 X 0.4 1.76 Volts. Thus, this was more than the said value of 1.0-Volt.
- Each of the cermet studs 5 and 6 had a diameter of approximately 10 mms and a thickness between the rods of approximately I mm.
- the specific resistivity, p (rho). of this cermet was approximately 0.4 Ohm.cm.
- the volume ratio between molybdenum and aluminum oxide was approximately 1 80.
- the difference in coefficient of expansion relative to that of wall 4 was less than 3.l0 Ct
- the evolved heat in each of the studs 5 and 6 was approximately 7.5 Joule/second. This was sufficient to maintain these ends of the tube 1 at a temperatureof approximately ],U50 Kelvin.
- a high-pressure discharge lamp for use with an aslead-through conductor connected to said electrode the electrical resistance of the path of the current through said lead-through conductor between the outer wall and the inner wall of the discharge tube being so large that in the operating condition of the lamp.
- the product of said resistance (in ohms) and the current (in ampcres) through said lead-through conductor is more than [0.
- a high-pressure discharge lamp comprising a discharge tube which includes at least one internal electrode and a current lead-through conductor connected to said electrode, the electrical l'CSlSlill'll c of the path of the current through said lead-through conductor between the outer wall and the inner wall of the discharge tube being so large that in the operating condition of the lamp, the product of said resistance (in ohms) and the current (in amperes) through said lead'through conductor is more than 1.0 said current lead-through conductor being also the closing member for the discharge tube.
Landscapes
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NLAANVRAGE7202269,A NL170574C (nl) | 1972-02-21 | 1972-02-21 | Hogedrukontladingslamp. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3885184A true US3885184A (en) | 1975-05-20 |
Family
ID=19815430
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US332117A Expired - Lifetime US3885184A (en) | 1972-02-21 | 1973-02-13 | High-pressure discharge lamp |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3885184A (ja) |
JP (1) | JPS5629335B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | AT327320B (ja) |
BE (1) | BE795679A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA963075A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE2307189C3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES411788A1 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2173091B1 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB1361773A (ja) |
IT (1) | IT977810B (ja) |
NL (1) | NL170574C (ja) |
SE (1) | SE377224B (ja) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3996487A (en) * | 1975-05-14 | 1976-12-07 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Ceramic discharge lamp with reduced heat drain |
US4092560A (en) * | 1974-01-15 | 1978-05-30 | Chemokomplex Vegyipari Gepes Berendezes Export-Import Vallalat | Vapor discharge lamp cermet electrode-closure and method of making |
US4155758A (en) * | 1975-12-09 | 1979-05-22 | Thorn Electrical Industries Limited | Lamps and discharge devices and materials therefor |
US4155757A (en) * | 1976-03-09 | 1979-05-22 | Thorn Electrical Industries Limited | Electric lamps and components and materials therefor |
EP0175502A2 (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1986-03-26 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | A discharge tube for a high pressure metal vapour discharge lamp and a method of manufacturing the same |
US4599543A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1986-07-08 | General Electric Company | Time fuse for high pressure sodium lamps |
US5404078A (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1995-04-04 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh | High-pressure discharge lamp and method of manufacture |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NZ182774A (en) * | 1975-12-09 | 1979-06-19 | Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd | Electrically conducting cermet |
EP0028885B1 (en) * | 1979-11-12 | 1983-05-25 | Thorn Emi Plc | An electrically conducting cermet, its production and use |
GB8519582D0 (en) * | 1985-08-03 | 1985-09-11 | Emi Plc Thorn | Discharge lamps |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2880369A (en) * | 1957-07-10 | 1959-03-31 | Engelhard Ind Inc | High pressure vapor arc lamp |
US3742283A (en) * | 1971-10-28 | 1973-06-26 | Gte Sylvania Inc | Press seal for lamp having fused silica envelope |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3480823A (en) * | 1966-08-12 | 1969-11-25 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Sealed discharge device |
-
0
- BE BE795679D patent/BE795679A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1972
- 1972-02-21 NL NLAANVRAGE7202269,A patent/NL170574C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1973
- 1973-02-13 US US332117A patent/US3885184A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-02-14 DE DE2307189A patent/DE2307189C3/de not_active Expired
- 1973-02-16 CA CA163,900A patent/CA963075A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-16 GB GB772573A patent/GB1361773A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-16 IT IT67378/73A patent/IT977810B/it active
- 1973-02-17 JP JP1969773A patent/JPS5629335B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-02-19 SE SE7302280A patent/SE377224B/xx unknown
- 1973-02-19 AT AT144573A patent/AT327320B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-02-19 ES ES411788A patent/ES411788A1/es not_active Expired
- 1973-02-21 FR FR7306054A patent/FR2173091B1/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2880369A (en) * | 1957-07-10 | 1959-03-31 | Engelhard Ind Inc | High pressure vapor arc lamp |
US3742283A (en) * | 1971-10-28 | 1973-06-26 | Gte Sylvania Inc | Press seal for lamp having fused silica envelope |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4092560A (en) * | 1974-01-15 | 1978-05-30 | Chemokomplex Vegyipari Gepes Berendezes Export-Import Vallalat | Vapor discharge lamp cermet electrode-closure and method of making |
US3996487A (en) * | 1975-05-14 | 1976-12-07 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Ceramic discharge lamp with reduced heat drain |
US4155758A (en) * | 1975-12-09 | 1979-05-22 | Thorn Electrical Industries Limited | Lamps and discharge devices and materials therefor |
US4155757A (en) * | 1976-03-09 | 1979-05-22 | Thorn Electrical Industries Limited | Electric lamps and components and materials therefor |
US4599543A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1986-07-08 | General Electric Company | Time fuse for high pressure sodium lamps |
EP0175502A2 (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1986-03-26 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | A discharge tube for a high pressure metal vapour discharge lamp and a method of manufacturing the same |
EP0175502A3 (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1987-08-19 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | A discharge tube for a high pressure metal vapour discharge lamp and a method of manufacturing the same |
US4800320A (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1989-01-24 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Discharge tube for a high pressure metal vapor discharge lamp and a method of manufacturing the same |
US5404078A (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1995-04-04 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh | High-pressure discharge lamp and method of manufacture |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL170574B (nl) | 1982-06-16 |
SE377224B (ja) | 1975-06-23 |
CA963075A (en) | 1975-02-18 |
AT327320B (de) | 1976-01-26 |
FR2173091A1 (ja) | 1973-10-05 |
DE2307189C3 (de) | 1981-12-17 |
BE795679A (fr) | 1973-08-20 |
DE2307189A1 (de) | 1973-08-30 |
ES411788A1 (es) | 1976-01-01 |
FR2173091B1 (ja) | 1977-12-23 |
IT977810B (it) | 1974-09-20 |
AU5224073A (en) | 1974-08-22 |
NL170574C (nl) | 1982-11-16 |
NL7202269A (ja) | 1973-08-23 |
JPS5629335B2 (ja) | 1981-07-08 |
DE2307189B2 (de) | 1981-04-02 |
GB1361773A (en) | 1974-07-30 |
ATA144573A (de) | 1975-04-15 |
JPS4897383A (ja) | 1973-12-12 |
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