US3885151A - Photoconductive waveform memory - Google Patents

Photoconductive waveform memory Download PDF

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Publication number
US3885151A
US3885151A US412799A US41279973A US3885151A US 3885151 A US3885151 A US 3885151A US 412799 A US412799 A US 412799A US 41279973 A US41279973 A US 41279973A US 3885151 A US3885151 A US 3885151A
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United States
Prior art keywords
waveform
elongated
resistance
electrically conductive
photoelectric
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Expired - Lifetime
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US412799A
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English (en)
Inventor
Tadao Tokushima
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Nippon Gakki Co Ltd
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Nippon Gakki Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H7/00—Instruments in which the tones are synthesised from a data store, e.g. computer organs
    • G10H7/02—Instruments in which the tones are synthesised from a data store, e.g. computer organs in which amplitudes at successive sample points of a tone waveform are stored in one or more memories

Definitions

  • a photoconductive waveform memo rality of photoelectric converters rec pattern representative of a memo
  • Each photoelectric converter comp resistance element comprising a pl pieces connected in series with a cally conductive layers ment in parallel with the resistiv toconductive strip between and in continuous co with the elongated resistive and conductive elements.
  • This invention relates to a waveform memorizing device which affords memorization, as sampled values, of the waveforms of various tones or sounds to be created in an electronic musical instrument, or envelopes and the like of the tones or sounds.
  • This invention is directed toward satisfying such a demand and to provide a waveform memorizing device wherein the waveforms or envelopes can be memorized and read out with ample precision.
  • a waveform memorizing device comprising means for forming a light pattern indicative of a waveform to be memorized in an optical manner, and a photoelectric converter which is arranged in opposition to the light-p attern forming means and includes a plurality of photoelectric potentiometers exhibiting respective sampled values constituting a waveform defined by the light pattern and disposed in parallel with each other and in a direction facing toward a time axis of the waveform to be memorized in the waveform memorizing device, an improvement wherein each of the photoelectric potentiometers comprises: a band-like resistor element, which is in itself a combination of a plurality of resistance pieces arranged along the length of the resistor element with electrically conductive layers interposed therebetween; a band-like electrically conductive element disposed in parallel with the band-like resistor element; and a narrow band of a photoconductive substance interposed between the two elements for bridging the same elements when a
  • the band-like resistor element of each photoelectric potentiometer is, according to the present invention, further divided into a plurality of resistance pieces instead of it being made of a single piece of resistance body, whereby any variation in irradiated position on the photoconductive substance can be read out from the band-like electrically conductive element in the form a voltage variable in a digital manner. More specifically, although the detection of any minute variation in the irradiated position along the resistance element made of a single piece of resistance body is difficult because of the characteristic deviation caused during the production of the resistance element, such a variation of the irradiated position can be easily detected when in resistance element is divided into a plurality of resistance pieces as described above, and the precision of the results thus read out can be thereby improved.
  • FIG. I is a plan view of a waveform memorizing device for an electronic musical instrument constituting an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram for a waveform read out circuit (illustrated schematically) in which is included the waveform memorizing device in the form of an equivalent circuit;
  • FIG. 3 is a graph indicating an output characteristic of a photoelectric potentiometer which constitutes an essential component of the waveform memorizing device according to the present invention.
  • the waveform memorizing device which is adapted for memorizing waveforms defining various tone colors created in an electronic musical instrument, comprises means 3 for forming a light pattern indicative of a waveform to be memorized in an optical manner, and a photoelectric converter 2 which is arranged integrally with the light-pattern forming means 3 at a position opposed to the latter.
  • the light-pattern forming means 3 may include a pair of light shielding members B, and 8,, so that a gap A formed between the members represents a waveform to be memorized.
  • the photoelectric converter 2 receiving the image of the light pattern comprises an insulating substrate 1, on which a plurality of photoelectric potentiometers P, through P,, are formed in a mutually parallel disposition in a direction perpendicular to the time axis along which the light pattern is displayed.
  • Each of the photoelectric potentiometers P, through P, comprises a band-like resistor element R,, a bandlike electrically conductive element D, made of P,, I,,, or the like, which is disposed in parallel with the resistor element R,, and a narrow band of a photoconductive substance C, such as CdS, which is interposed between the two elements R, and D, for bridging the same elements.
  • a photoconductive substance C such as CdS
  • the band-like resistance element R is made up of a plurality of resistance pieces r, through r, made of, for instance, a Ni-Cr alloy and arranged along the length of the resistance element R,.
  • the resistance pieces r, through r, are connected in series, with electrically conductive layers m, through m interposed alternately between adjacent resistance pieces.
  • the ends of the band-like resistance elements R, through R, at one side thereof are commonly connected to a conductive strip O, which is further connected to a terminal T while the ends of the resistance elements R, through R, at the other side thereof are connected commonly to another conductive strip 0,, which is in turn connected to a terminal T,,.
  • the ends of the electrically conductive elements D, through D, are connected, at one side thereof, with terminals T, through T,,, respectively.
  • FIG. 2 An electric circuit for reading out a waveform memorized in the memorizing device is indicated in FIG. 2 in which the above described photoelectric converter is indicated in the form of an equivalent circuit.
  • the read out circuit operates as follows.
  • a voltage E obtained from the terminal T, of, for instance, a first potentiometer P is varied in a stepwise manner as shown in FIG. 3 in response to the variation in the irradiated position I measured along the length of the resistance element R, of the potentiometer P,.
  • the parallel potentiometers P, through P are irradiated by a light pattern representing a wave form as shown in FIG. 1, this means that the irradiated positions (of low resistance) on the photoconductive layers C through C each of the positions corresponding to a sliding contact point along a potentiometer shown in FIG. 2 in an equivalent circuit, are determined by the irradiated light pattern.
  • the potentiometers P through I thus deliver from their output terminals T through T output voltages each correspond ing to a fraction of the power source voltage E determined by the position of the sliding contact along the corresponding potentiometer.
  • a waveform memory which comprises. in combination;
  • a photoelectric converter comprising a substrate for receiving the image of the waveform on a surface of the substrate and a plurality of elongated photoelectric potentiometers arranged in parrallel on the surface of the substrate and extending in said second direction, whereby an electric signal developed by each of said photoelectric potentiometers corresponds to a value of the waveform at a discrete point along the first direction representative of time,
  • each of said photoelectric potentiometers comprises:
  • an elongated resistance element comprising a plurality of resistive pieces connected in series, and a plurality of electrically conductive layers interposed alternately therebetween;
  • a waveform memory as set forth in claim 1 further comprising, a voltage source and means electrically connecting the ends of said resistance elements across said voltage source.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Optical Transform (AREA)
  • Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
US412799A 1972-11-09 1973-11-05 Photoconductive waveform memory Expired - Lifetime US3885151A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1972128464U JPS5427950Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-11-09 1972-11-09

Publications (1)

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US3885151A true US3885151A (en) 1975-05-20

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US412799A Expired - Lifetime US3885151A (en) 1972-11-09 1973-11-05 Photoconductive waveform memory

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US (1) US3885151A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5427950Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2355730A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1417307A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4155004A (en) * 1974-02-08 1979-05-15 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Photoelectric transducing unit and system for detecting the sharpness of the image of object by means of the unit -and- a focusing arrangement
US5315104A (en) * 1990-05-01 1994-05-24 Bt&D Technologies Photodiode photodetector with adjustable active area

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3024062A1 (de) * 1980-06-26 1982-01-07 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Halbleiterbauelement zur synthetischen spracherzeugung

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3046540A (en) * 1959-06-10 1962-07-24 Ibm Electro-optical translator
US3317712A (en) * 1962-10-03 1967-05-02 Rca Corp Integrated light sensing device
US3448275A (en) * 1967-06-07 1969-06-03 Ibm Electro-optical scanner with a photocell and a blocking diode in series
US3506837A (en) * 1965-12-15 1970-04-14 Hitachi Ltd Pattern-detecting device using series connected photosensitive bodies
US3617825A (en) * 1968-12-23 1971-11-02 George E Chilton Multijunction photodiode detector
US3689772A (en) * 1971-08-18 1972-09-05 Litton Systems Inc Photodetector light pattern detector
US3806895A (en) * 1971-09-16 1974-04-23 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Photoconductive memory device

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3046540A (en) * 1959-06-10 1962-07-24 Ibm Electro-optical translator
US3317712A (en) * 1962-10-03 1967-05-02 Rca Corp Integrated light sensing device
US3506837A (en) * 1965-12-15 1970-04-14 Hitachi Ltd Pattern-detecting device using series connected photosensitive bodies
US3448275A (en) * 1967-06-07 1969-06-03 Ibm Electro-optical scanner with a photocell and a blocking diode in series
US3617825A (en) * 1968-12-23 1971-11-02 George E Chilton Multijunction photodiode detector
US3689772A (en) * 1971-08-18 1972-09-05 Litton Systems Inc Photodetector light pattern detector
US3806895A (en) * 1971-09-16 1974-04-23 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Photoconductive memory device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4155004A (en) * 1974-02-08 1979-05-15 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Photoelectric transducing unit and system for detecting the sharpness of the image of object by means of the unit -and- a focusing arrangement
US5315104A (en) * 1990-05-01 1994-05-24 Bt&D Technologies Photodiode photodetector with adjustable active area

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5427950Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-09-10
DE2355730A1 (de) 1974-05-16
GB1417307A (en) 1975-12-10
JPS4985131U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-07-24

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