US388513A - Commutator for d yn a m o-e lectric machines - Google Patents

Description

2 SheetsSheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. T. VAN GESTBL.

GOMMUTATOR FOR DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.

Patented Aug. 28

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INVENTUR. .fifl/nw Z M A URNEY.

u. PEYERS. Phmn lkhognphur Wanhlngion, n. c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. T. VAN GESTEL.

GOMMUTATOR FOR DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.

No. 388,513. Patented Aug. 28, 1888.

, A Q Z 4 v I INVENTOH.

@URNEY WITNESSES: fl. 4141M JEAN T. VAN GESTEL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE VAN GESTEL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NE\V YORK.

COMMUTATOR FOR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 388,513, dated August 28, 1888.

Application filed September 10 1887. Serial No. 249,319. (No model.)

To all whom, fl; may concern: two curved arms, E E, which separate at their Be it known that l', JEAN T. VAN GESTEL, ends and form forks. Between each fork is a subject of the King of The Netherlands, refixed a V-shaped frame, (1 d, which is insusiding at New York, in the county and State lated from the arms E I l by a layer of suitable 55 5 of New York, have invented a new and useful material, as shown at 0 in Fig. 2. Studs 2' t, Collector or (Jommutator for Dynamo-Electric upon the inner sides of the frames d d, carry Machines or Electric Motors, of which the folthe collector-wheels F F, of brass or other lowing is a specification. good conducting material, whose planes are In the collectors generally used on dynamos parallel with the axis of the commutator. 6o 10 and electric motors the contact made by the These wheels F F are free to revolve upon the brushes is imperfect, and the electrical constuds i i, and across their faces are cut teeth of neetion is correspondingly poor. Moreover, proper form and pitch to engage and work the brushes wear away rapidly under the fricwith the Worm of the commutator B. Springs tion with the commutator, so that the point of h It may be used to press the frames (Z d against 65 [5 Contact is continually shifting, and constant the collector-wheels to secnreagood electrical attention is requiredin readjustingthebrushes contact between them, and other springs, K or replacing them. Another ditiiculty with K, secured to the frame 0, press upon the these collectors is the sparking that occurs so arms E, and thus keep the wheels F F firmly constantly, and this is to a large extent caused against the commutator B. A set-screw, Z, so 70 by the poor contact of the brushes and by the cures the ring a in any desired position upon shifting of the point of contact, as above dethe hub b. The wires of the electrical circuit scribed. One of the results of the continued are connected with the framesdd by the screws friction upon one point on the brushes is their a n, and 0 0 show wires from the armature conexcessive heating. and as this is greatly iunected with the bars of the commutator. The 7 creased when sparking occurs there is constant faces of the wheels F F are shown as being danger of injuring or destroying the brushes. the same width asthe bars of the commutator; It is the object of myinvention to overcome but they may be made wider or narrower, ac these difficulties, and I accomplish these recording to the arrangement of the commutasults by the mechanism illustrated in the actor or to suit the requirements of adjustment 80 0 companying drawings, wherein in a particular machine.

Figure 1 is a plan view of the entire col- The operation of the device is as follows:

lector and its connections, supposing the shaft The revolving armature of the machine,

of the armature to be horizontal. Fig. 2 is a whctheragenerator or a motor, turnsthe shaft section through line y y in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a A, and with it the worm-commutator ll. As 85 transverse section through line x m in Fig. 1, this turns, every bar or section successively and Fig. 4. is an end view of the device. engages with the collector-whccls F and F, Similar letters represent similar parts in all and on account of the large surface offered by of the figures. the screw-thread a very perfect electrical con- A is the shaft of the armature of a dynamoneetion between the collector-wheels and the 90 electric machine or of an electric motor, upon commutator-bars is established. This is fully which is placed a commutator composed of shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. The elecinsulated bars of copper or other suitable matricity thus passes freely to or from the conr terial and constructed on any of the ordinary mutator through the wheels F and F and the plans. The face of this commutator is made arms (I, which are directly connected with the 5 concave and a screw-thread is out upon it, outside circuit. As the worm-commutator rethus forming a worm. volves, the action of the thread upon it turns 0 is a portion of the frame of the machine, the wheels F and F, so that a new surface is and upon it is formed a hub, I), which carries constantly being brought in contact with the a loose ring, a, which turns freely in a chanworm, and'as the revolution of the wheels is 100 1101 out in the hub. lonnected to this ring on slow in relation to that of the worm, and as its two opposite sides by hinges or pivots are the surfaces presented by them to the air are large, there is no heating of the wheels, as is common with the ordinary brushes.

The adjustment ofthe collector-wheels F F around the commutator B is effected as follows: The set screw Z being loosened, the ring a may be turned upon the huh I) and carries with it the arms E 11] and the wheels 1! it", which may thus be placed at any desired points upon the commutator it"), where they are again secured by the sct'scrcw l. The most delicate adjustment is thus possible, and there is no danger of the adjustment being altered by the wearing of the points of contact.

It will be seen from the foregoing that the difticulties of adjustment, heating, and sparking, which arise from the use of brushes and similar collectors, are wholly absent in this apparatus, and that when once properly adjusted no special attention is required to keep this portion of the machine in proper work ing order.

\Vhat I claim, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, is

1. A collector or commutator for dynamoelectric machines or electric motors, consisting of a worm-gear placed upon the armatureshaft of the machine, the face of the gear being composed of bars of copper or other suitable material mutually insulated and placed parallel with the shaft, the same being connected severally with the different coils of the armature, and two collector-wheels of similar conductive material having teeth which correspond and mesh with the thread of the worm placed on diametrically-opposite sides of the Worm, and having their axes at right angles with the worm-shaft, the said wheels being connected with the two extremities of the external electric circuit.

2. In a dynamo-electric machine or electric motor, the combination of a bar-commutator whose face is constructed in the form of a worm-gear, with two collector-Wheels having teeth around their peripheries formed to mesh with the wormcommutator, the said collectorwhecls being adj ustably attached to the frame of the machine on opposite sides of the commutator and being insulated from said frame, but electrically connected with the two extremities of the external electric circuit.

3. In a dynamo-electric machine or electric motor, the combination of the comniuator B, situated upon the arimltureshaft and having its face in the form of a screw-gear, with the collector-wheels F F gearing therewith, and the arms E ll supporting said wheels, as above described.

t. The combination of a bar-commutator, B, having a screw-thread out about its face,

t teeth around their faces which mesh with the thread upon the commutator, with the hinged supporting-arms E E, the ring a, and huh I), as herein set forth.

5. In a dynamo-electric machine or motor, the COlllbllltltlOl] of the worm'shaped commutator B and the collector-wheels F F, gearing therewith, with the frame r1, insulators e, hinged arms E I l, springs K, ring a, and hub b, all as above described and set forth.

JEAN 'l. VAN (JES'IEL.

\Vitnesses:

11). H. Aver, l. B. RIPINSKY.

and the collector-wheels F and F, which have

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