US334823A - Commutator for dynamo-electric machines - Google Patents

Commutator for dynamo-electric machines Download PDF

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Publication number
US334823A
US334823A US1885164534A US334823A US 334823 A US334823 A US 334823A US 1885164534 A US1885164534 A US 1885164534A US 334823 A US334823 A US 334823A
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commutator
dynamo
electric machines
brush
machines
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Expired - Lifetime
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Tesla Nikola
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/39—Brush holders wherein the brush is fixedly mounted in the holder

Definitions

  • My invention relates to the commutators on dynamo electric machines, especially in machines of great electromoti ve force, adapted IO to are lights; and it consists in a device by means of which the sparking on the commutater is prevented It is known that in machines of great electromotive force-such, for instance, as those 1 5 used for are lights-whenever one commutator bar or plate comes out of contact with the col lectingbrush a spark appears on the commutator. This spark may be due to the break of the complete circuit, or of a shunt of low resistanee formed by the brush between two or more commutator-bars.
  • the spark is more apparent, as there is at the moment when the circuit is broken a discharge of the magnets through the field-helices, producing a great spark or flash which causes an unsteady current, rapid wear of the commutator bars and brushes, and waste of power.
  • the sparking may be reduced by various devices, such as providing a path for the our- 0 rent at the moment when the commutator segment or bar leaves the brush, by short-circuiting the field-helices, by increasing the number of the connnutator-bars, or by other similar means; but all these devices are ex- 5 pensive or not fully available, and seldom attain the object desired.
  • My invention enables me to prevent the sparking in a simple manner.
  • I employ with the commutator bars 40 and intervening insulating material mica, asbestus paper or other insulating and preferably incombustible material, which I arrange to bear on the surface of the commutator, near to and behind the brush.
  • Figure 1 is a section of a commutator with an asbestus insulating device; and Fig. 2 is a similar View, representing two plates of mica upon the back of the brush.
  • B B the brushes.
  • (1 d are sheets of asbestus paper or other suitable non-conducting material.
  • ff are springs, the pressure of which may be adjusted by means of the screws 9 g.
  • Fig. 2 a simple arrangement is shown with two plates of mica or other material. It will be seen that whenever one commutator- 6o segment passes out of contact with the brush the formation of the arc will be prevented by the intervening insulating material coming in contact with the insulating material on the brush.
  • My invention may be carried out in many ways; and I do not limit myself to any particular device, as my invention consists, broadly, in providing a solid non-conducting body to bear upon the surface of the commutator, by the intervention of which body the sparking is partly or completely prevented.
  • My invention may be applied to any elec tric apparatus in which sliding contacts are employed.

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  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Description

(No Model.)
N. TESLA.
GOMMUTATOR FOR DYNAMO ELEGTRIG MACHINES.
No. 834,823. Patented Jan. 26, 1886.
CW Jwmlz 6% Ma/w (764 5a.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
NIKOLA TESLA, OF SMILJAN LIKA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, ASSIGNOR TO THE TESLA ELECTRIC LIGHT AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF RAHWAY,
NEIV JERSEY.
COMMUTATOR FOR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES.
EPECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 334,823, dated January 26, 1886.
Application filed May 6, 1885.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, NIKOLA TESLA, of Smiljan Lika, border country ofAustria-Hungary, have invented an Improvement in Dyname-Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification.
My invention relates to the commutators on dynamo electric machines, especially in machines of great electromoti ve force, adapted IO to are lights; and it consists in a device by means of which the sparking on the commutater is prevented It is known that in machines of great electromotive force-such, for instance, as those 1 5 used for are lights-whenever one commutator bar or plate comes out of contact with the col lectingbrush a spark appears on the commutator. This spark may be due to the break of the complete circuit, or of a shunt of low resistanee formed by the brush between two or more commutator-bars. In the first case the spark is more apparent, as there is at the moment when the circuit is broken a discharge of the magnets through the field-helices, producing a great spark or flash which causes an unsteady current, rapid wear of the commutator bars and brushes, and waste of power. The sparking may be reduced by various devices, such as providing a path for the our- 0 rent at the moment when the commutator segment or bar leaves the brush, by short-circuiting the field-helices, by increasing the number of the connnutator-bars, or by other similar means; but all these devices are ex- 5 pensive or not fully available, and seldom attain the object desired.
My invention enables me to prevent the sparking in a simple manner. For this purpose I employ with the commutator bars 40 and intervening insulating material mica, asbestus paper or other insulating and preferably incombustible material, which I arrange to bear on the surface of the commutator, near to and behind the brush.
My invention will be easily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings, Figure 1 is a section of a commutator with an asbestus insulating device; and Fig. 2 is a similar View, representing two plates of mica upon the back of the brush.
In Fig. 1, C represents the commutator and Serial No. 164,534. (No model.)
intervening insulating material; B B, the brushes. (1 d are sheets of asbestus paper or other suitable non-conducting material. ff are springs, the pressure of which may be adjusted by means of the screws 9 g.
In Fig. 2 a simple arrangement is shown with two plates of mica or other material. It will be seen that whenever one commutator- 6o segment passes out of contact with the brush the formation of the arc will be prevented by the intervening insulating material coming in contact with the insulating material on the brush.
My invention may be carried out in many ways; and I do not limit myself to any particular device, as my invention consists, broadly, in providing a solid non-conducting body to bear upon the surface of the commutator, by the intervention of which body the sparking is partly or completely prevented.
I prefer to use asbestus paper or cloth impregnated with zinc-oxide, magnesia, zirconia, or other suitable material, as the paper and cloth are soft, and serve at the same time to wipe and polish the commutator; but mica or any other suitable material may be employed, said material being an insulator or a bad coir ductor of electricity.
My invention may be applied to any elec tric apparatus in which sliding contacts are employed.
I claim as my invention 1. The combination, with the commutator- 85 bars and intervening insulating material and brushes in a dynamo electric machine, o'fa solid insulator or bad conductor of electricity arranged to bear upon the surface of the commutator adjacent to the end of the brush, for go the purpose set forth.
2. In an electric apparatus in which sliding contacts wit-h intervening insulating material are employed, the combination, with the contact springs or brushes, of a solid insulator or 5 bad conductor of electricity, as and for the purposes set forth.
Signed by me this 2d day of May, A. D. 1885.
NIKOLA TESLA.
Witnesses:
GEO. T. PINcKNnY, WILLIAM G. Mo'rT.
US1885164534 1885-05-06 1885-05-06 Commutator for dynamo-electric machines Expired - Lifetime US334823A (en)

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US1885164534 US334823A (en) 1885-05-06 1885-05-06 Commutator for dynamo-electric machines

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US1885164534 US334823A (en) 1885-05-06 1885-05-06 Commutator for dynamo-electric machines

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4758757A (en) * 1985-11-28 1988-07-19 Mabuchi Motor Co., Ltd. Vibration-damping device for miniature motor brushgear
US20060045755A1 (en) * 2004-08-24 2006-03-02 Dell Products L.P. Information handling system including AC electromagnetic pump cooling apparatus
US20070126379A1 (en) * 2005-12-06 2007-06-07 Tamkang University Manually operated brushless direct current motor
US20070286731A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-12-13 Joerg Dantlgraber Wind power plant
US20120294716A1 (en) * 2009-11-19 2012-11-22 Moog Unna Gmbh Pitch drive device for a wind power or hydroelectric power station

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4758757A (en) * 1985-11-28 1988-07-19 Mabuchi Motor Co., Ltd. Vibration-damping device for miniature motor brushgear
US20060045755A1 (en) * 2004-08-24 2006-03-02 Dell Products L.P. Information handling system including AC electromagnetic pump cooling apparatus
US20070126379A1 (en) * 2005-12-06 2007-06-07 Tamkang University Manually operated brushless direct current motor
US7288906B2 (en) * 2005-12-06 2007-10-30 Tamkang University Manually operated brushless direct current motor
US20070286731A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-12-13 Joerg Dantlgraber Wind power plant
US20120294716A1 (en) * 2009-11-19 2012-11-22 Moog Unna Gmbh Pitch drive device for a wind power or hydroelectric power station
US9203290B2 (en) * 2009-11-19 2015-12-01 Moog Unna Gmbh Pitch drive device for a wind power or hydroelectric power station

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