US3883901A - Method of replacing or repairing the body with bioresorbable surgical articles - Google Patents
Method of replacing or repairing the body with bioresorbable surgical articles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3883901A US3883901A US419450A US41945073A US3883901A US 3883901 A US3883901 A US 3883901A US 419450 A US419450 A US 419450A US 41945073 A US41945073 A US 41945073A US 3883901 A US3883901 A US 3883901A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filament
- surgical article
- bioresorbable
- polyester
- surgical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 7
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Polymers OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000954 Polyglycolide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 8
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000003387 muscular Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002729 catgut Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007979 citrate buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010562 histological examination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKMROQRQHGEIOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl succinate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OCC DKMROQRQHGEIOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940100630 metacresol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010033675 panniculitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Sr+2] IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004304 subcutaneous tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)CO1 RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(C)CO QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZYXPXGNODDCBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,6,6-tetramethyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)OC(=O)C(C)(C)OC1=O GZYXPXGNODDCBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-IMJSIDKUSA-N 4511-42-6 Chemical compound C[C@@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006418 Brown reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004358 Butane-1, 3-diol Substances 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015655 Crocus sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000124209 Crocus sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl succinate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- VEZXCJBBBCKRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-propiolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCO1 VEZXCJBBBCKRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003851 biochemical process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012505 colouration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003701 histiocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002540 macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004115 mitral valve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940056360 penicillin g Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004248 saffron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013974 saffron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- QTENRWWVYAAPBI-YCRXJPFRSA-N streptomycin sulfate Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O.CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](N=C(N)N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](N=C(N)N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O.CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](N=C(N)N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](N=C(N)N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O QTENRWWVYAAPBI-YCRXJPFRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003900 succinic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical class CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical class [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000626 ureter Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L17/00—Materials for surgical sutures or for ligaturing blood vessels ; Materials for prostheses or catheters
- A61L17/06—At least partially resorbable materials
- A61L17/10—At least partially resorbable materials containing macromolecular materials
- A61L17/105—Polyesters not covered by A61L17/12
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L17/00—Materials for surgical sutures or for ligaturing blood vessels ; Materials for prostheses or catheters
- A61L17/14—Post-treatment to improve physical properties
- A61L17/145—Coating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
- A61L27/18—Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
Definitions
- ABSTRACT Implantable surgical articles which are at least partially bioresorbable and which consist at least partially of a polyester of succinic acid possessing a plurality of units of the general formula:
- R represents a linear or branched alkylene radical containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms. They are particularly suitable as sutures.
- the present invention relates to surgical articles which are biologically partially or completely resorbable after implantation in living human or animal tissues.
- the elements for sutures and for ligatures intended for closing wounds and for repairing blood vessels, nerves and tendons are examples of surgical articles which are implanted temporarily. These elements are generally filaments, but they can also be in other forms, for example as clips or tapes.
- the most commonly used bioresorbable material for making suture or ligature filaments is catgut prepared from the collegen of mammals; the sub-muccous layer of the small intestine of sheep is most frequently employed. Catgut possesses numerous disadvantages, such as difficulty in obtaining it, the unfavourable reactions which it causes with living tissues and the lack of uniformity of its mechanical properties. Consequently, ways have been sought of replacing it by bioresorbable synthetic materials which can easily be converted into continuous filaments by extrusion techniques, and which possess readily reproducible mechanical properties.
- a surgical article which can be used in human or animal surgery, which is completely or partially bioresorbable and which consists wholly or partially of a bioresorbable material consisting of a polyester of succinic acid possessing a plurality of units of the general formula:
- R represents a linear or branched alkylene radical containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms. More specifically, R can be an ethylene, methylethylene, 1,2- dimethylethylene, trimethylene, 2-methyltrimethylene, 2,Z-dimethyl-trimethylene, l-methyltrimethylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene or hexamethylene radical.
- polyesters of formula (I) denoted hereafter by the general term polysuccinate
- polysuccinate is unexpected because it is known that polyesters such as polyethylene glycol terephthalate are not resorbed by human or animal tissues (see U.S. Pat. No. 3,463,158). It has been found that, in addition to their bioresorbable character, the polysuccinates are particularly well tolerated by the tissues in which they are implanted; thus no inflammatory reaction has been observed after a long-lasting implantation of polyethylene glycol succinate filaments in rats.
- polysuccinates possess excellent mechanical properties (notably tensile strength, tensile strength at knots and dimensional stability) and are insensitive to moisture, which make them particularly suitable for the manufacture of surgical articles and especially elements for sutures.
- Polysuccinate filaments are easy to handle and do not necessitate the use of special storage devices.
- Polyglycol succinates have been known for a very long time (see, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 2,071,250; and V. V. KORSHAK and S. V. VINOGRADOVA, Polyesters, edited by PERGAMON PRESS Ltd., 1965, pages 31 to 46). They can be prepared by the usual polycondensation processes such as those described by V. V. KORSHAK and S. V. VINO- GRADOVA, loc. cit., or in HOUBEN WEYL, Methoden der Organische Chemie Makromolekulare Stoffe, volume 14/2, pages 1 to 29.
- esterification or transesterification catalysts such as sulphuric or p-toluenesulphonic acids, or metal salts or oxides such as calcium oxide, strontium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminium oxide, bismuth oxide, iron oxide, titanium oxide, lead oxide, antimony oxide, cobalt oxide, calcium chloride, zinc acetate and zinc borates.
- glycols which can be used to prepare the polyesters used in the present invention there may be mentioned ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, propane-1,3- diol, 2-methyl-propanel ,3-diol, 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diol, butane-1,4-diol, butane-1,3-diol, butane-2,3-diol, pentane-1,5-diol and hexane-1,6-diol.
- These various glycols can be used separately or as a mixture with one another.
- Use can thus be made of mixtures containing 1 to 99 mol of ethylene glycol and 99 to 1 mol of one or more other glycols such as 2-methylpropane-1,3-diol and 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diol.
- the molecular weight of the polysuccinates used for the production of surgical articles according to the present invention can vary within very wide limits but it should generally be sufficiently high to render them suitable for the formation of films and fibres. Generally it should be sufficiently high for the polymer to be converted into filaments and films which can be orientated.
- the upper limit is not critical, subject to the condition that the product can be processed by the usual moulding or shaping techniques.
- Polysuccinates can be used for the production of extremely diverse surgical articles, such as those described in Handbook of Biomedical Plastics, H. LEE and K. NEVILLE, 1971, Pasadena Technology Press. They are particularly suitable for the production of elements for surgical sutures and ligatures, especially in the form of twisted or non-twisted filaments, tapes, bristles, tents or spun fibres. They can also be used in the form of single filaments, twisted filaments, stranded filaments, gathered filaments, texturized filaments or lapped filaments; these various terms are used in accordance with the definition which is given of them in French Standard Specification NF G -005. These various elements for sutures can consist wholly or partially of the bioresorbable polysuccinates.
- a filament of the polysuccinate or of a filament comprising a core of a non-resorbable synthetic material such as polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polyamide or polypropylene, and an outer coating of polysuccinates.
- a composite element consisting of a yarn of natural material, e.g., linen or silk, or synthetic material covered with a polysuccinate, or of a yarn of variable structure comprising bioresorbable filaments and nonresorbable filaments.
- knitted fabrics comprising resorbable yarns and optionally non-resorbable yarns or nonresorbable yarns covered with a layer of polysuccinate; non-woven fabrics prepared from non-bioresorbable fibresand a resorbable binder; and sheets made from non-resorbable materials covered on one or both faces by a polysuccinate.
- the wholly or partially resorbable knitted and woven fabrics can be used in the form of sheaths intended to facilitate the implantation of diverse prostheses such as that described in French Pat. Nos.
- the polysuccinates of formula (1) are also very suitable for the production of surgical articles such as tubes of various shapes, for example Y-shaped tubes and T- shaped tubes, bars, plates, rings and screws, intended to be implanted temporarily or permanently.
- surgical articles such as tubes of various shapes, for example Y-shaped tubes and T- shaped tubes, bars, plates, rings and screws, intended to be implanted temporarily or permanently.
- Partially or completely bioresorbable tubular prostheses have been described in US Pat. Nos. 2,127,903, 3,272,204, 3,304,557, 3,316,557, and 3,479,670 to which reference should be made for further details.
- the shaping of the polysuccinates of formula (I) for the production of surgical articles can be carried out by the usual methods.
- filaments, tapes or sheets can be produced by extrusion of the polymer in the molten state, followed by stretching at a sufficiently high ratio to cause the orientation of the chains of the polymer, and the fixing of the article thus produced.
- the polysuccinates of formula (I) can contain various adjuvants such as fillers, dyestuffs and plasticizers which are chemically inert and do not bring about any reactions with the living tissues.
- polyesters of the polyethylene glycol terephthalate or adipate type, or of the polylactide or polyglycolide type can be used alone or mixed with nonbioresorbable materials, as indicated above, or with materials which are more or less resorbable in themselves, for example, respectively, polyesters of the polyethylene glycol terephthalate or adipate type, or of the polylactide or polyglycolide type.
- the surgical articles according to the invention can be sterilized easily by the techniques usually employed in surgery, for example by radiation treatment.
- EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of polyethylene glycol succinate 174g. (1 mol) of diethyl succinate, 93 g. (1.5 mols) of ethylene glycol, 0.280 g. of zinc acetate and 0.070 g. of antimony trioxide are introduced, under a stream of nitrogen, into a 300 cm glass flask equipped with a scraping stirrer, a gas inlet tube, a gas outlet tube, a thermometer, a thermostatically controlled metal heating bath and a distillation column provided with a condenser and a receiving container. The contents of the flask are heated to 180C., with stirring, and these conditions are maintained for 1 hour 30 minutes.
- the temperature of the reaction mixture is then raised to 240C., over the course of 50 minutes and the apparatus is connected to a vacuum pump in order to reduce the pressure in the apparatus to 0.1 mm.Hg over the course of 30 minutes. The whole is maintained under these conditions for 6 hours 30 minutes.
- the viscous, light brown reaction mixture is dissolved in hot dioxane and then reprecipitated with methanol. A product is obtained which is filtered off and dried at 80C. in a vacuum oven. In this way, 112 g. of polymer are obtained.
- the polyester thus obtained has a viscosity of 69 cm"*/g., measured at 25C., on a 4 g/l solution in chloroform and a viscosity of 70 cm/g, measured at 25C. in a 2 g/l solution in meta-cresol. lt melts at 104C., and is not decomposed by heating under nitrogen at 300C.
- a filament of gauge 20 decitex is prepared from this polyester by inelt spinning under 30 bars and stretching the yarn issuing from the spinneret in a ratio of 7 at 55C.
- This filament possesses the following mechanical properties:
- Samples of length 1 cm are implanted, with a curved needle, in rats (Caesarean Originated, Barrier Sustained) weighing 250 to 350 g; the implantation is carried out, on the one hand, in the paravertebral muscles, and on the other hand, under the skin of one of the sides of each animal.
- rats (2 male and 2 female) each received two implants.
- Two months after the implantation the animals are killed and the muscular implantation region (implant and paravertebral muscular mass) and the subcutaneous implantation region (skin, implant and underlying muscular portion) are removed in each case.
- the following examinations are carried out on each specimen removed:
- bioresorbability of the polyethylene glycol succinate produced above is determined by measuring the variation in the reduced viscosity of a sample of polymer taken in the form of flakes and incubated for varying periods of time in an enzyme extract. The test was carried out in the following manner:
- the homogenized material is then subjected to an ultrasonic treatment (frequency: 20 kHz) for 2 minutes with the same cooling precautions. It is then centrifuged at 6,500 G, at 0 for 20 minutes. The supernatant liquid, filtered through glass wool, forms the enzyme extract; its pH is approximately 4.5.
- reaction mixture 100 mg. of the polymer to be investigated is incubated at 37C., with agitation (shaking table turning at revolutions/minute), in the following reaction mixture:
- This reaction mixture is renewed every day; during each renewal, the samples are carefully washed with distilled water.
- the product to be investigated in the form of flakes, is enclosed in a guaze bag for the incubation.
- EXAMPLES 2 1. Preparation of polybutane-1,4-diol succinate 1 hour and then to 240C. over the course of 30 minutes, and the pressure is reduced to 0.1 mm.Hg over the course of 40 minutes. After 4 hours 40 minutes under these conditions, the reaction is stopped.
- Filaments of gauge 21 decitex are prepared from the polymer thus produced by melt spinning under 61 bars and stretching at 85C.
- the filaments possess the following mechanical properties:
- 'c l C-0- in which represents a linear or branched alkylene radical containing 2 to 6.carbon atoms having a filmor filament-forming molecular weight.
- polyester is polyethylene glycol succinate 3.
- surgical article is in the form of a suture element.
- the surgical article is in the form of a filament, bristle, single filament, twisted filament, stranded filament, gathered filament, texturized filament of lapped filament, tape, tent or spun fibre.
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Abstract
IN WHICH R represents a linear or branched alkylene radical containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms. They are particularly suitable as sutures.
Implantable surgical articles are provided which are at least partially bioresorbable and which consist at least partially of a polyester of succinic acid possessing a plurality of units of the general formula:
Implantable surgical articles are provided which are at least partially bioresorbable and which consist at least partially of a polyester of succinic acid possessing a plurality of units of the general formula:
Description
United States Patent 1 Coquard et al.
[73] Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc, S.A., Paris, France [22] Filed: Nov. 27, 1973 [21] Appl. No: 419,450
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Dec. 1, 1972 France 72.42838 [52] US. Cl 3/1; 3/D1G. l; 128/92 B; 128/92 C; 128/334 R; l28/335.5; 260/78 A [51] Int. Cl A61f l/24; A611 17/00 [58] Field of Search 3/1, DIG. 1; 128/334 R, 128/334 C, 335.5, 92 C, 92 CA, 92 B, 92 D;
260/75 R, 75 T, 78 A [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,071,250 2/1937 Carothers 260/78 A 1451 May 20, 1975 8/1969 Schmitt et a1 3/1 X 11/1971 Schmitt et a1 128/334 R OTHER PUBLICATIONS Polyesters, by V. V. Korshak, et a1., Pergamon Press, Oxford London, Edinburgh, New York, Paris, Frankfurt, 1965, pp. 31 and 53.
Primary ExaminerRonald L. Frinks Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Cushman, Darby & Cushman [57] ABSTRACT Implantable surgical articles are provided which are at least partially bioresorbable and which consist at least partially of a polyester of succinic acid possessing a plurality of units of the general formula:
in which R represents a linear or branched alkylene radical containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms. They are particularly suitable as sutures.
15 Claims, N0 Drawings METHOD OF REPLACING OR REPAIRING THE BODY WITH BIORESORBABLE SURGICAL ARTICLES The present invention relates to surgical articles which are biologically partially or completely resorbable after implantation in living human or animal tissues.
It is known that human or animal surgery is making use of more and more articles produced from natural or synthetic materials, in order to restore living tissues or to strengthen, repair and even replace various organs. For this purpose, surgical articles are placed in position either temporarily or permanently. In the case of temporary implantation, it has been considered preferable to make use of bioresorbable materials, that is to say materials which undergo degradation and which disappear after they have been implanted after a certain length of time, due to a biochemical process. It is important that the material used and its degradation products should not cause any unfavourable reaction of the surrounding tissues. With a permanent implantation, for example for replacing or strengthening a failing organ, non-resorbable articles are obviously used; it has been found, however, that in the majority of cases, the integration of the prosthesis and its joining to the adjacent tissues are facilitated if the prosthesis is made partly of a bioresorbable material which is gradually replaced by the adjacent tissues so as to form an intimate join between the latter and the implanted foreign body.
The elements for sutures and for ligatures intended for closing wounds and for repairing blood vessels, nerves and tendons are examples of surgical articles which are implanted temporarily. These elements are generally filaments, but they can also be in other forms, for example as clips or tapes. The most commonly used bioresorbable material for making suture or ligature filaments is catgut prepared from the collegen of mammals; the sub-muccous layer of the small intestine of sheep is most frequently employed. Catgut possesses numerous disadvantages, such as difficulty in obtaining it, the unfavourable reactions which it causes with living tissues and the lack of uniformity of its mechanical properties. Consequently, ways have been sought of replacing it by bioresorbable synthetic materials which can easily be converted into continuous filaments by extrusion techniques, and which possess readily reproducible mechanical properties. Various materials have been proposed for this purpose. Thus Belgian Pats. Nos. 679,726 and 758,156 describe elements for sutures and ligatures and other partially or completely bioresorbable surgical articles, which consist of polyesters of copolyesters derived from lactic acid and produced by polycondensation of a lactide (preferably a L-lactide) alone or combined with other derivatives of acid-alcohols such as glycolide, tetramethylglycolide, B-propiolactone and B-butyrolactone. Although they possess advantages relative to catgut, these polyesters are very sensitive to moisture and this has a detrimental effect on their mechanical properties so that it is necessary to store the surgical elements and especially the suture filaments made from them in hermetically sealed packaging. Hence they are not completely satisfactory.
In addition, it is known that it is important that the surgeon should have at his disposal various materials which provide him with a wide range of bioresorbable properties. In fact, the duration of the resorption varies with the nature of the wound and with the nature of the tissues involved in the cicatrization process; it also varies from one individual to another and with the type of insertion in the case of prosthesis. The development of new bioresorabable materials increases the number of possibilities from which the surgeon can choose and there is, consequently, a demand for new bioresorbable materials.
According to the present invention there is provided a surgical article which can be used in human or animal surgery, which is completely or partially bioresorbable and which consists wholly or partially of a bioresorbable material consisting of a polyester of succinic acid possessing a plurality of units of the general formula:
in which R represents a linear or branched alkylene radical containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms. More specifically, R can be an ethylene, methylethylene, 1,2- dimethylethylene, trimethylene, 2-methyltrimethylene, 2,Z-dimethyl-trimethylene, l-methyltrimethylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene or hexamethylene radical.
The bioresorbable character shown by the polyesters of formula (I), denoted hereafter by the general term polysuccinate, is unexpected because it is known that polyesters such as polyethylene glycol terephthalate are not resorbed by human or animal tissues (see U.S. Pat. No. 3,463,158). It has been found that, in addition to their bioresorbable character, the polysuccinates are particularly well tolerated by the tissues in which they are implanted; thus no inflammatory reaction has been observed after a long-lasting implantation of polyethylene glycol succinate filaments in rats. Moreover, the polysuccinates possess excellent mechanical properties (notably tensile strength, tensile strength at knots and dimensional stability) and are insensitive to moisture, which make them particularly suitable for the manufacture of surgical articles and especially elements for sutures. Polysuccinate filaments are easy to handle and do not necessitate the use of special storage devices.
Polyglycol succinates have been known for a very long time (see, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 2,071,250; and V. V. KORSHAK and S. V. VINOGRADOVA, Polyesters, edited by PERGAMON PRESS Ltd., 1965, pages 31 to 46). They can be prepared by the usual polycondensation processes such as those described by V. V. KORSHAK and S. V. VINO- GRADOVA, loc. cit., or in HOUBEN WEYL, Methoden der Organische Chemie Makromolekulare Stoffe, volume 14/2, pages 1 to 29. Thus it is possible, for example, to use bulk polycondensation of glycols with free succinic acid or dimethyl succinate in the presence of the usual esterification or transesterification catalysts such as sulphuric or p-toluenesulphonic acids, or metal salts or oxides such as calcium oxide, strontium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminium oxide, bismuth oxide, iron oxide, titanium oxide, lead oxide, antimony oxide, cobalt oxide, calcium chloride, zinc acetate and zinc borates.
As glycols which can be used to prepare the polyesters used in the present invention, there may be mentioned ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, propane-1,3- diol, 2-methyl-propanel ,3-diol, 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diol, butane-1,4-diol, butane-1,3-diol, butane-2,3-diol, pentane-1,5-diol and hexane-1,6-diol. These various glycols can be used separately or as a mixture with one another. Use can thus be made of mixtures containing 1 to 99 mol of ethylene glycol and 99 to 1 mol of one or more other glycols such as 2-methylpropane-1,3-diol and 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diol.
The molecular weight of the polysuccinates used for the production of surgical articles according to the present invention can vary within very wide limits but it should generally be sufficiently high to render them suitable for the formation of films and fibres. Generally it should be sufficiently high for the polymer to be converted into filaments and films which can be orientated. The upper limit is not critical, subject to the condition that the product can be processed by the usual moulding or shaping techniques.
Polysuccinates can be used for the production of extremely diverse surgical articles, such as those described in Handbook of Biomedical Plastics, H. LEE and K. NEVILLE, 1971, Pasadena Technology Press. They are particularly suitable for the production of elements for surgical sutures and ligatures, especially in the form of twisted or non-twisted filaments, tapes, bristles, tents or spun fibres. They can also be used in the form of single filaments, twisted filaments, stranded filaments, gathered filaments, texturized filaments or lapped filaments; these various terms are used in accordance with the definition which is given of them in French Standard Specification NF G -005. These various elements for sutures can consist wholly or partially of the bioresorbable polysuccinates. Thus use can be made of a filament of the polysuccinate or of a filament comprising a core of a non-resorbable synthetic material such as polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polyamide or polypropylene, and an outer coating of polysuccinates. It is likewise possible to use a composite element consisting of a yarn of natural material, e.g., linen or silk, or synthetic material covered with a polysuccinate, or of a yarn of variable structure comprising bioresorbable filaments and nonresorbable filaments.
Amongst the other surgical articles for which the polysuccinates of the formula (1) can be used, there may be mentioned knitted fabrics comprising resorbable yarns and optionally non-resorbable yarns or nonresorbable yarns covered with a layer of polysuccinate; non-woven fabrics prepared from non-bioresorbable fibresand a resorbable binder; and sheets made from non-resorbable materials covered on one or both faces by a polysuccinate. The wholly or partially resorbable knitted and woven fabrics can be used in the form of sheaths intended to facilitate the implantation of diverse prostheses such as that described in French Pat. Nos. 2,031,699 and 2,071,172 for correcting valvular illnesses, and especially of the mitral valve; tubes for the removal of biological liquids (in particular, artificial ureters) as described in French Pat. No. 2,133,083, and vascular prostheses such as those described in French Pat. No. 2,112,032.
The polysuccinates of formula (1) are also very suitable for the production of surgical articles such as tubes of various shapes, for example Y-shaped tubes and T- shaped tubes, bars, plates, rings and screws, intended to be implanted temporarily or permanently. Partially or completely bioresorbable tubular prostheses have been described in US Pat. Nos. 2,127,903, 3,272,204, 3,304,557, 3,316,557, and 3,479,670 to which reference should be made for further details.
The shaping of the polysuccinates of formula (I) for the production of surgical articles can be carried out by the usual methods. Thus filaments, tapes or sheets can be produced by extrusion of the polymer in the molten state, followed by stretching at a sufficiently high ratio to cause the orientation of the chains of the polymer, and the fixing of the article thus produced.
The polysuccinates of formula (I) can contain various adjuvants such as fillers, dyestuffs and plasticizers which are chemically inert and do not bring about any reactions with the living tissues.
They can be used alone or mixed with nonbioresorbable materials, as indicated above, or with materials which are more or less resorbable in themselves, for example, respectively, polyesters of the polyethylene glycol terephthalate or adipate type, or of the polylactide or polyglycolide type.
The surgical articles according to the invention can be sterilized easily by the techniques usually employed in surgery, for example by radiation treatment.
The following Examples further illustrate the present invention.
EXAMPLE 1 1. Preparation of polyethylene glycol succinate 174g. (1 mol) of diethyl succinate, 93 g. (1.5 mols) of ethylene glycol, 0.280 g. of zinc acetate and 0.070 g. of antimony trioxide are introduced, under a stream of nitrogen, into a 300 cm glass flask equipped with a scraping stirrer, a gas inlet tube, a gas outlet tube, a thermometer, a thermostatically controlled metal heating bath and a distillation column provided with a condenser and a receiving container. The contents of the flask are heated to 180C., with stirring, and these conditions are maintained for 1 hour 30 minutes. The temperature of the reaction mixture is then raised to 240C., over the course of 50 minutes and the apparatus is connected to a vacuum pump in order to reduce the pressure in the apparatus to 0.1 mm.Hg over the course of 30 minutes. The whole is maintained under these conditions for 6 hours 30 minutes. The viscous, light brown reaction mixture is dissolved in hot dioxane and then reprecipitated with methanol. A product is obtained which is filtered off and dried at 80C. in a vacuum oven. In this way, 112 g. of polymer are obtained.
In all, 2 mols of ethanol, 0.368 mol of ethylene glycol and 0.07 mol of diethyl succinate are collected in the various distillates from the reaction. Taking account of the fact that a further 5 g. of polyester are recovered on the walls of the apparatus, the degree of polycondensation rises to 85.5%
The polyester thus obtained has a viscosity of 69 cm"*/g., measured at 25C., on a 4 g/l solution in chloroform and a viscosity of 70 cm/g, measured at 25C. in a 2 g/l solution in meta-cresol. lt melts at 104C., and is not decomposed by heating under nitrogen at 300C.
A filament of gauge 20 decitex is prepared from this polyester by inelt spinning under 30 bars and stretching the yarn issuing from the spinneret in a ratio of 7 at 55C. This filament possesses the following mechanical properties:
tensile strength in accordance with Standard Specification NF G 07,008, April 1961, 2 g/dicitex, elongation at break in accordance with Standard Specification NF G 07,008, 50%, tensile strength at knots, in accordance with Standard Specification NF G 07,008, 1.66 g/decitex, shrinkage in water at 40C. in accordance with Standard Specification BNMP 14,732/27 of February 1972 4% 2. Determination of the local tolerance of implant in rats Using the polyethylene glycol succinate obtained as described above, a stretched filament of diameter 300 to 400 p. is produced and is sterilized by immersion for 1 hour in 70 GL ethyl alcohol.
Samples of length 1 cm are implanted, with a curved needle, in rats (Caesarean Originated, Barrier Sustained) weighing 250 to 350 g; the implantation is carried out, on the one hand, in the paravertebral muscles, and on the other hand, under the skin of one of the sides of each animal. Four rats (2 male and 2 female) each received two implants. Two months after the implantation, the animals are killed and the muscular implantation region (implant and paravertebral muscular mass) and the subcutaneous implantation region (skin, implant and underlying muscular portion) are removed in each case. The following examinations are carried out on each specimen removed:
a. Macroscopic examination after transverse section of one of the ends of the muscular mass (intramuscular implant) or detachment of the skin at one end (subcutaneous implant) of each specimen.
b. Histological examination after fixing the specimens in BOUIN liquid, inclusion in paraffin, cutting of 5 p. thick sections and colouration by means of hemalun-phloxine saffron. The following results were obtained:
a. Macroscopic examination Two months after the implantation, no macroscopically detectable tissue reaction was observed either at the muscle level or at the subcutaneous tissue level.
b. Histological examination Reaction of the tissues This reaction is limited to a very inconspicuous fibrous sheath around the implant and to the presence of a few multinucleate giant macrophage and histiocyte cells situated in contact with the implant itself.
No change which could relate to a possible toxic effect of the material was detected on the sections.
In short, the local tolerance in rats is very good from the macroscopic point of view and from the histological point of view.
3. Determination of the bioresorbability in vitro The bioresorbability of the polyethylene glycol succinate produced above is determined by measuring the variation in the reduced viscosity of a sample of polymer taken in the form of flakes and incubated for varying periods of time in an enzyme extract. The test was carried out in the following manner:
a. Preparation of the enzyme extract Fauves de Bourgogne rabbits, of approximately 2.5 kg, are killed with chloroform. The muscles from the back and the thighs are removed and are frozen at 20C. They are then ground rapidly in a meat mincing machine. 300 g. of ground material are dispersed in 500 ml. of 0.2 M citrate buffer of pH 4.1, which have previously been cooled to +2". The suspension obtained is ground again twice for 1 minute (grinder turning at 2,000 revolutions/minute), with external cooling (ice and salt mixture at about -13C.) to keep the temperature of the homogenized material below +l0C. during the operation.
The homogenized material is then subjected to an ultrasonic treatment (frequency: 20 kHz) for 2 minutes with the same cooling precautions. It is then centrifuged at 6,500 G, at 0 for 20 minutes. The supernatant liquid, filtered through glass wool, forms the enzyme extract; its pH is approximately 4.5.
b. Reaction between the product to be investigated and the enzyme extract A sample of 100 mg. of the polymer to be investigated is incubated at 37C., with agitation (shaking table turning at revolutions/minute), in the following reaction mixture:
Enzyme extract 40 ml. Streptomycin sulphate 2 mg. Sodium salt of penicillin G 2 mg. Sodium nitride 8 mg.
This reaction mixture is renewed every day; during each renewal, the samples are carefully washed with distilled water.
In parallel,.other samples of mg. of the product to be investigated are incubated in reaction mixtures in which the enzyme extract is replaced by an inactivated enzyme extract (heating for 30 minutes at 100C.) or by 0.2 M citrate buffer of pH 4.5.
The product to be investigated, in the form of flakes, is enclosed in a guaze bag for the incubation.
c. Examination of the polymer after reaction After hours of incubation, the samples of the product to be investigated are recovered,washed several times with distilled water, drained on filter paper and dried under reduced pressure at 50C.
The reduced specific viscosity of solutions of the product in 1,2-dichloro-ethane, at 40C., as well as that of the product before incubation, is then determined.
The following results were obtained:
Nature of the incubation Reduced medium specific viscosity None 52 Citrate buffer 54 inactivated enzyme extract 56 Active enzyme extract 34 It is found, under these conditions, that incubation in the active enzyme extract results in considerable degradation of the polyester.
EXAMPLES 2 1. Preparation of polybutane-1,4-diol succinate 1 hour and then to 240C. over the course of 30 minutes, and the pressure is reduced to 0.1 mm.Hg over the course of 40 minutes. After 4 hours 40 minutes under these conditions, the reaction is stopped.
In this way, 146.7 g. (degree of polycondensation 85.3%) of greyish polymer are obtained which are dissolved in 400 cm of hot dioxane. The polymer is reprecipitatedby introducing the solution into 3 l. of methanol, and is then filtered off and dried at 50C., in vacuo. 138 g. of white polymer, having a viscosity of 94-97 cm lg, measured at 25C., in a 2 g/l solution in meta-cresol, and having a melting point of 1 14C., are recovered.
Filaments of gauge 21 decitex are prepared from the polymer thus produced by melt spinning under 61 bars and stretching at 85C.
The filaments possess the following mechanical properties:
elongation at break (Standard Specification NF G 07,008, April 1961) 50% tensile strength (Standard Specification NF G 07,008)
2. Implantation of a braid in rats The implantation is carried out on four rats of the same origin as in Example 1 and in a rigorously identical manner. After two months of implantation, the rats are killed and the same samples are removed and the same examinations carried out as in Example 1. The results obtained were as follows:
A. Macroscopic examination Two months after the implantation, no macroscopically detectable tissue reaction was observed either at the muscle level or at the subcutaneous tissue level.
B. Histological examination Reaction of the tissues The local tolerance is good; reaction to the implantation is limited to the immediate periphery of the implant and remains inconspicuous. No change in the tissue due to a toxic effect of the products was detected.
Resorption of the implants After two months of implantation, the number of strands visible in the sections of the intramuscular implants is 3 out of the originally present.
We claim:
1. in a method of repairing or replacing a part of the body of a human of non-human animal by incorporating either temporarily or permanently, a surgical article, the improvement wherein the surgical article consists at least partially of a polyester of succinic acid possessing a plurality of units of the general formula:
'c l C-0- in which represents a linear or branched alkylene radical containing 2 to 6.carbon atoms having a filmor filament-forming molecular weight.
2. The method according to claim 1 in which the polyester is polyethylene glycol succinate 3. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical article is in the form of a suture element.
4. The method according to claim 3 in which the surgical article is in the form of a filament, bristle, single filament, twisted filament, stranded filament, gathered filament, texturized filament of lapped filament, tape, tent or spun fibre.
5. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical article is in the form of a textile fabric.
6. The method according to claim 1 in which the polyester is combined with another material which is bioresorbable.
7. The method according to claim 6 in which the other material is selected from the group consisting of 11. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical article is in the form of a tube.
12. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical article is in the form of a bar.
13. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical article is in the form of a plate.
14. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical articleis in the form of a screw.
15. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical article is in the form of a ring.
Claims (15)
1. IN A METHOD OF REPAIRING OR REPLACING A PART OF THE BODY OF A HUMAN OF NON-HUMAN ANIMAL BY INCORPORATING EITHER TEMPORARILY OR PERMANENTLY, A SURGICAL ARTICLE, THE IMPROVEMENT WHEREIN THE SURGICAL ARTICLE CONSTIST AT LEAST PARTIALLY OF A POLYESTER OF SUCCINIC ACID POSSESSING A PLURALITY OF UNITS OF THE GENERAL FORMULA:
2. The method according to claim 1 in which the polyester is polyethylene glycol succinate.
3. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical article is in the form of a suture element.
4. The method according to claim 3 in which the surgical article is in the form of a filament, bristle, single filament, twisted filament, stranded filament, gathered filament, texturized filament of lapped filament, tape, tent or spun fibre.
5. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical article is in the form of a textile fabric.
6. The method according to claim 1 in which the polyester is combined with another material which is bioresorbable.
7. The method according to claim 6 in which the other material is selected from the group consisting of a polylactide or a polyglycolide.
8. The method according to claim 1 in which the polyester is combined with another material which is non-bioresorbable.
9. The method according to claim 8 in which the polyester is present as a coating over a core of non-bioresorbable material.
10. The method according to claim 8 in which the nonbioresorbable material is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol terephthalate or adipate, polyamide or polypropylene.
11. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical article is in the form of a tube.
12. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical article is in the form of a bar.
13. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical article is in the form of a plate.
14. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical article is in the form of a screw.
15. The method according to claim 1 in which the surgical article is in the form of a ring.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7242838A FR2208687B1 (en) | 1972-12-01 | 1972-12-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3883901A true US3883901A (en) | 1975-05-20 |
Family
ID=9108077
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US419450A Expired - Lifetime US3883901A (en) | 1972-12-01 | 1973-11-27 | Method of replacing or repairing the body with bioresorbable surgical articles |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3883901A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5047492A (en) |
BE (1) | BE808088A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7309394D0 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1023493A (en) |
CH (1) | CH587659A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2359865A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK131804C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2208687B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1444817A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1048160B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7316072A (en) |
NO (1) | NO135968C (en) |
SE (1) | SE396286B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA739015B (en) |
Cited By (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3960152A (en) * | 1974-01-21 | 1976-06-01 | American Cyanamid Company | Surgical sutures of unsymmetrically substituted 1,4-dioxane-2,5-diones |
US4032993A (en) * | 1974-06-28 | 1977-07-05 | Rhone-Poulenc Industries | Bioresorbable surgical articles |
US4080969A (en) * | 1973-11-21 | 1978-03-28 | American Cyanamid Company | Suture or ligature carrying on the exposed surface thereof a coating of a polyester resin |
US4128612A (en) * | 1974-04-19 | 1978-12-05 | American Cyanamid Company | Making absorbable surgical felt |
US4141087A (en) * | 1977-01-19 | 1979-02-27 | Ethicon, Inc. | Isomorphic copolyoxalates and sutures thereof |
US4186189A (en) * | 1977-09-28 | 1980-01-29 | Ethicon, Inc. | Absorbable pharmaceutical compositions based on poly(alkylene oxalates) |
US4329743A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1982-05-18 | College Of Medicine And Dentistry Of New Jersey | Bio-absorbable composite tissue scaffold |
US4343931A (en) * | 1979-12-17 | 1982-08-10 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Synthetic absorbable surgical devices of poly(esteramides) |
US4388926A (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1983-06-21 | Ethicon, Inc. | High compliance monofilament surgical sutures comprising poly[alkylene terephthalate-co-(2-alkenyl or alkyl)succinate] |
US4396746A (en) * | 1981-04-16 | 1983-08-02 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Thermoplastic polyester copolymer |
US4411027A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1983-10-25 | University Of Medicine And Dentistry Of New Jersey | Bio-absorbable composite tissue scaffold |
US4441496A (en) * | 1982-02-08 | 1984-04-10 | Ethicon, Inc. | Copolymers of p-dioxanone and 2,5-morpholinediones and surgical devices formed therefrom having accelerated absorption characteristics |
US4481353A (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1984-11-06 | The Children's Medical Center Corporation | Bioresorbable polyesters and polyester composites |
EP0144534A2 (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1985-06-19 | Allied Corporation | prosthetic devices |
US4529792A (en) * | 1979-12-17 | 1985-07-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Process for preparing synthetic absorbable poly(esteramides) |
DE3249111C2 (en) * | 1981-10-09 | 1986-02-06 | United States Surgical Corp., Norwalk, Conn. | Surgical plastic type fastener for securing body tissue |
US4603695A (en) * | 1983-07-05 | 1986-08-05 | Japan Medical Supply Co., Ltd. | Use of molded polymeric material for preventing adhesion of vital tissues |
US4652264A (en) * | 1985-04-25 | 1987-03-24 | American Cyanamid Company | Prosthetic tubular article |
US4662884A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1987-05-05 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Prostheses and methods for promoting nerve regeneration |
US4670286A (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1987-06-02 | Allied Corporation | Method of forming prosthetic devices |
US4738255A (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1988-04-19 | Biotron Labs, Inc. | Suture anchor system |
US4773416A (en) * | 1986-02-07 | 1988-09-27 | Hourahane Donald H | Surgery in horses |
US4778467A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1988-10-18 | The University Of Utah | Prostheses and methods for promoting nerve regeneration and for inhibiting the formation of neuromas |
US4844067A (en) * | 1987-02-19 | 1989-07-04 | Japan Medical Supply Co., Ltd. | Sucrose fatty acid ester coated suture |
US4870966A (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1989-10-03 | American Cyanamid Company | Bioabsorbable surgical device for treating nerve defects |
US4871365A (en) * | 1985-04-25 | 1989-10-03 | American Cyanamid Company | Partially absorbable prosthetic tubular article having an external support |
US4915893A (en) * | 1982-07-16 | 1990-04-10 | Medtronic, Inc. | Method of preparing polyester filament material |
US5061281A (en) * | 1985-12-17 | 1991-10-29 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Bioresorbable polymers and implantation devices thereof |
US5110852A (en) * | 1982-07-16 | 1992-05-05 | Rijksuniversiteit Te Groningen | Filament material polylactide mixtures |
US5180392A (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1993-01-19 | Einar Skeie | Anastomotic device |
WO1995003347A1 (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1995-02-02 | Eastman Chemical Company | Copolyesters having repeat units derived from succinic acid |
US5403346A (en) * | 1992-12-31 | 1995-04-04 | Loeser; Edward A. | Self-affixing suture assembly |
US5527342A (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1996-06-18 | Pietrzak; William S. | Method and apparatus for securing soft tissues, tendons and ligaments to bone |
WO1996022055A1 (en) | 1995-01-19 | 1996-07-25 | Inbae Yoon | Surgical stapling system and method of applying staples from multiple staple cartridges |
US5616681A (en) * | 1994-11-01 | 1997-04-01 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Process for producing aliphatic polyester |
US5632753A (en) * | 1992-12-31 | 1997-05-27 | Loeser; Edward A. | Surgical procedures |
US5843573A (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1998-12-01 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Polyester resin composition |
WO2004108792A2 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-12-16 | Vinod Chintamani Malshe | Novel biodegradable aliphatic polyesters and pharmaceutical compositions and applications thereof |
DE19857067B4 (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 2005-07-28 | Ykk Corp. | Closure element made of biodegradable plastic |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2391710A2 (en) * | 1975-12-02 | 1978-12-22 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | Implantable surgical tubing with sewable ends - has radially elastic wall including a fleece layer and reinforcement |
US4105034A (en) * | 1977-06-10 | 1978-08-08 | Ethicon, Inc. | Poly(alkylene oxalate) absorbable coating for sutures |
JPH01223969A (en) * | 1988-03-04 | 1989-09-07 | Nippon Medical Supply Corp | Coated suture |
JP2589908B2 (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1997-03-12 | 昭和高分子株式会社 | Polyester non-woven fabric |
US5504148A (en) * | 1993-03-22 | 1996-04-02 | Unitika Ltd. | Aliphatic polyesters and method of preparing the same |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2071250A (en) * | 1931-07-03 | 1937-02-16 | Du Pont | Linear condensation polymers |
US3463158A (en) * | 1963-10-31 | 1969-08-26 | American Cyanamid Co | Polyglycolic acid prosthetic devices |
US3620218A (en) * | 1963-10-31 | 1971-11-16 | American Cyanamid Co | Cylindrical prosthetic devices of polyglycolic acid |
-
1972
- 1972-12-01 FR FR7242838A patent/FR2208687B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-11-23 NL NL7316072A patent/NL7316072A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1973-11-27 JP JP48132992A patent/JPS5047492A/ja active Pending
- 1973-11-27 US US419450A patent/US3883901A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-11-27 ZA ZA739015A patent/ZA739015B/en unknown
- 1973-11-30 BE BE138411A patent/BE808088A/en unknown
- 1973-11-30 DE DE2359865A patent/DE2359865A1/en active Pending
- 1973-11-30 BR BR9394/73A patent/BR7309394D0/en unknown
- 1973-11-30 GB GB5572073A patent/GB1444817A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-11-30 SE SE7316246A patent/SE396286B/en unknown
- 1973-11-30 DK DK648873*A patent/DK131804C/en active
- 1973-11-30 CH CH1687273A patent/CH587659A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-11-30 CA CA187,125A patent/CA1023493A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-11-30 NO NO4575/73A patent/NO135968C/no unknown
- 1973-11-30 IT IT32003/73A patent/IT1048160B/en active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2071250A (en) * | 1931-07-03 | 1937-02-16 | Du Pont | Linear condensation polymers |
US3463158A (en) * | 1963-10-31 | 1969-08-26 | American Cyanamid Co | Polyglycolic acid prosthetic devices |
US3620218A (en) * | 1963-10-31 | 1971-11-16 | American Cyanamid Co | Cylindrical prosthetic devices of polyglycolic acid |
Cited By (47)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4080969A (en) * | 1973-11-21 | 1978-03-28 | American Cyanamid Company | Suture or ligature carrying on the exposed surface thereof a coating of a polyester resin |
US3960152A (en) * | 1974-01-21 | 1976-06-01 | American Cyanamid Company | Surgical sutures of unsymmetrically substituted 1,4-dioxane-2,5-diones |
US4128612A (en) * | 1974-04-19 | 1978-12-05 | American Cyanamid Company | Making absorbable surgical felt |
US4032993A (en) * | 1974-06-28 | 1977-07-05 | Rhone-Poulenc Industries | Bioresorbable surgical articles |
US4141087A (en) * | 1977-01-19 | 1979-02-27 | Ethicon, Inc. | Isomorphic copolyoxalates and sutures thereof |
US4186189A (en) * | 1977-09-28 | 1980-01-29 | Ethicon, Inc. | Absorbable pharmaceutical compositions based on poly(alkylene oxalates) |
US4411027A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1983-10-25 | University Of Medicine And Dentistry Of New Jersey | Bio-absorbable composite tissue scaffold |
US4329743A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1982-05-18 | College Of Medicine And Dentistry Of New Jersey | Bio-absorbable composite tissue scaffold |
US4529792A (en) * | 1979-12-17 | 1985-07-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Process for preparing synthetic absorbable poly(esteramides) |
US4343931A (en) * | 1979-12-17 | 1982-08-10 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Synthetic absorbable surgical devices of poly(esteramides) |
US4388926A (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1983-06-21 | Ethicon, Inc. | High compliance monofilament surgical sutures comprising poly[alkylene terephthalate-co-(2-alkenyl or alkyl)succinate] |
US4396746A (en) * | 1981-04-16 | 1983-08-02 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Thermoplastic polyester copolymer |
DE3249111C2 (en) * | 1981-10-09 | 1986-02-06 | United States Surgical Corp., Norwalk, Conn. | Surgical plastic type fastener for securing body tissue |
US4441496A (en) * | 1982-02-08 | 1984-04-10 | Ethicon, Inc. | Copolymers of p-dioxanone and 2,5-morpholinediones and surgical devices formed therefrom having accelerated absorption characteristics |
US5110852A (en) * | 1982-07-16 | 1992-05-05 | Rijksuniversiteit Te Groningen | Filament material polylactide mixtures |
US4915893A (en) * | 1982-07-16 | 1990-04-10 | Medtronic, Inc. | Method of preparing polyester filament material |
US4603695A (en) * | 1983-07-05 | 1986-08-05 | Japan Medical Supply Co., Ltd. | Use of molded polymeric material for preventing adhesion of vital tissues |
EP0144534A2 (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1985-06-19 | Allied Corporation | prosthetic devices |
EP0144534A3 (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1986-12-17 | Allied Corporation | Prosthetic devices |
US4670286A (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1987-06-02 | Allied Corporation | Method of forming prosthetic devices |
US4594407A (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1986-06-10 | Allied Corporation | Prosthetic devices derived from krebs-cycle dicarboxylic acids and diols |
US4481353A (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1984-11-06 | The Children's Medical Center Corporation | Bioresorbable polyesters and polyester composites |
US4662884A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1987-05-05 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Prostheses and methods for promoting nerve regeneration |
US4778467A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1988-10-18 | The University Of Utah | Prostheses and methods for promoting nerve regeneration and for inhibiting the formation of neuromas |
US4652264A (en) * | 1985-04-25 | 1987-03-24 | American Cyanamid Company | Prosthetic tubular article |
US4871365A (en) * | 1985-04-25 | 1989-10-03 | American Cyanamid Company | Partially absorbable prosthetic tubular article having an external support |
US5061281A (en) * | 1985-12-17 | 1991-10-29 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Bioresorbable polymers and implantation devices thereof |
US4773416A (en) * | 1986-02-07 | 1988-09-27 | Hourahane Donald H | Surgery in horses |
US4738255A (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1988-04-19 | Biotron Labs, Inc. | Suture anchor system |
US4844067A (en) * | 1987-02-19 | 1989-07-04 | Japan Medical Supply Co., Ltd. | Sucrose fatty acid ester coated suture |
US4870966A (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1989-10-03 | American Cyanamid Company | Bioabsorbable surgical device for treating nerve defects |
US5180392A (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1993-01-19 | Einar Skeie | Anastomotic device |
US5632753A (en) * | 1992-12-31 | 1997-05-27 | Loeser; Edward A. | Surgical procedures |
US5403346A (en) * | 1992-12-31 | 1995-04-04 | Loeser; Edward A. | Self-affixing suture assembly |
US5589566A (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1996-12-31 | Eastman Chemical Company | Copolyesters having repeat units derived from succinic acid |
US5480962A (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1996-01-02 | Eastman Chemical Company | Copolyesters having repeat units derived from succinic acid |
US5498453A (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1996-03-12 | Eastman Chemical Company | Copolyesters having repeat units derived from succinic acid |
US5434238A (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1995-07-18 | Eastman Chemical Company | Copolyesters having repeat units derived from succinic acid |
WO1995003347A1 (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1995-02-02 | Eastman Chemical Company | Copolyesters having repeat units derived from succinic acid |
EP1482000A3 (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 2005-05-25 | Eastman Chemical Company | Copolyesters having repeat units derived from succinic acid |
US5527342A (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1996-06-18 | Pietrzak; William S. | Method and apparatus for securing soft tissues, tendons and ligaments to bone |
US5843573A (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1998-12-01 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Polyester resin composition |
US5616681A (en) * | 1994-11-01 | 1997-04-01 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Process for producing aliphatic polyester |
WO1996022055A1 (en) | 1995-01-19 | 1996-07-25 | Inbae Yoon | Surgical stapling system and method of applying staples from multiple staple cartridges |
DE19857067B4 (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 2005-07-28 | Ykk Corp. | Closure element made of biodegradable plastic |
WO2004108792A2 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-12-16 | Vinod Chintamani Malshe | Novel biodegradable aliphatic polyesters and pharmaceutical compositions and applications thereof |
WO2004108792A3 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2005-03-24 | Vinod Chintamani Malshe | Novel biodegradable aliphatic polyesters and pharmaceutical compositions and applications thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5047492A (en) | 1975-04-26 |
ZA739015B (en) | 1974-10-30 |
BR7309394D0 (en) | 1974-09-24 |
FR2208687A1 (en) | 1974-06-28 |
NO135968B (en) | 1977-03-28 |
CA1023493A (en) | 1977-12-27 |
DK131804C (en) | 1976-02-09 |
BE808088A (en) | 1974-05-30 |
FR2208687B1 (en) | 1976-07-23 |
AU6295773A (en) | 1975-05-29 |
NO135968C (en) | 1977-07-06 |
GB1444817A (en) | 1976-08-04 |
DK131804B (en) | 1975-09-08 |
DE2359865A1 (en) | 1974-06-06 |
CH587659A5 (en) | 1977-05-13 |
SE396286B (en) | 1977-09-19 |
IT1048160B (en) | 1980-11-20 |
NL7316072A (en) | 1974-06-05 |
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