US3883371A - Twist drawn wire - Google Patents

Twist drawn wire Download PDF

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Publication number
US3883371A
US3883371A US334223A US33422373A US3883371A US 3883371 A US3883371 A US 3883371A US 334223 A US334223 A US 334223A US 33422373 A US33422373 A US 33422373A US 3883371 A US3883371 A US 3883371A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wire
yield strength
torsional
constriction
die
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US334223A
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English (en)
Inventor
Arthur L Geary
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pall Filtration and Separations Group Inc
Original Assignee
Brunswick Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brunswick Corp filed Critical Brunswick Corp
Priority to US334223A priority Critical patent/US3883371A/en
Priority to CA192,518A priority patent/CA1020373A/en
Priority to GB735974A priority patent/GB1466342A/en
Priority to FR7405727A priority patent/FR2218399B3/fr
Priority to BE141232A priority patent/BE811396A/xx
Priority to JP49020979A priority patent/JPS5024150A/ja
Priority to DE19742408388 priority patent/DE2408388A1/de
Priority to US05/550,517 priority patent/US3961514A/en
Priority to US05/553,022 priority patent/US3955390A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3883371A publication Critical patent/US3883371A/en
Assigned to MEMTEC NORTH AMERICA CORP., 250 LEXINGTON AVENUE, BUFFALO GROVE, ILLINOIS 60089, A DE CORP. reassignment MEMTEC NORTH AMERICA CORP., 250 LEXINGTON AVENUE, BUFFALO GROVE, ILLINOIS 60089, A DE CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: BRUNSWICK CORPORATION
Assigned to MEMCOR, INC. reassignment MEMCOR, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. EFFECTIVE DATE: 7-01-88 - DE Assignors: MEMTEC NORTH AMERICA CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE
Assigned to MEMTEC AMERICA CORPORATION reassignment MEMTEC AMERICA CORPORATION CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE DATE: 1-9-89 - DE Assignors: MEMCOR, INC., A CORP. OF DE
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/02—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F7/00—Twisting wire; Twisting wire together
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
    • C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
    • Y10S148/902—Metal treatment having portions of differing metallurgical properties or characteristics
    • Y10S148/908—Spring
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12333—Helical or with helical component

Definitions

  • Twisting of wires to form a cable is well known in the wire drawing art; drawing a plurality of twisted wires through a die is also well known.
  • US. Pat. No. 2,250,6l0 it has been suggested to draw a single wire through a die or series of dies while twisting the wire and causing a back tension thereon.
  • increase in corrosion resistance in stainless steel spring material is taught in British Pat. No. 722,427; precipitation of carbides in stainless steel is taught in US. Pat. No. 2,549,468; a method of increasing the tensile strength ofa special type of 18-8 stainless steel is taught in US. Pat. No.
  • This invention relates to improved torsional strength in metals and is concerned with a new and improved use of a two-phase metal structure which has improved torsional characteristics that are provided by a special process developed on a new machine combination.
  • This invention not only recognizes but achieves increased torsional strength in metal wires that can be utilized in making superior springs, torque transmitting materials, etc.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a machine combination that can provide an increase in torsional yield strength of a wire.
  • Yet another object of this invention is to provide a spring that exhibits increased energy storage characteristics.
  • FIG. I is a pictorial representation of one embodi- 0 ment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section of the wire and drawing die used in the embodiment of this invention of FIG. 1.
  • This invention comprehends as a preferred embodiment a two-phase metal wire that has been either cold worked, heat treated and cold worked, or heat treated to provide at least one of the two phases in an elongated fiberized configuration.
  • the wire is then addi tionally drawn and simultaneously twisted in the reducing portion of a drawing die, and thus, exhibits an improved torsional yield strength compared to a wire of similar composition and cold work level that has not been die twisted.
  • the tensile strength of such a die twisted material exhibits substantially the same or a slightly lower tensile strength when compared to a similar non-die twisted wire.
  • the metal wire Prior to the die twisting operation, the metal wire may be fiberized by processes such as drawing, swaging, rolling, heat treating, casting, etc.. wherein the crystalline microstructure takes on an elongated fibered appearance that is parallel to the direction of the axis of the wire.
  • This basic fiberizing can occur in either one or two phases of a two-phase material.
  • the wire is pulled through a drawing die that reduces or constricts by plastic deformation the diameter of the wire within the reducing portion of the die only.
  • the wire is twisted prior to entering the die in such a fashion that only that portion of the wire that is being plastically deformed in the reducing portion of the die attains a permanent twist as it exits the die.
  • Another embodiment of this invention is the method of increasing the torsional yield strength and, obviously, the ultimate torsional strength of a two-phase metal wire.
  • the wire is placed on a spool which is arranged within a rotating yoke that imparts twist to the wire as it is being unspooled.
  • the wire passes through a drawing die that reduces the crosssectional area of the wire, preferably ranging from 56: to 25 percent, and more preferably, ranging from 10 to 20 percent.
  • the wire is reduced in cross-sectional area in the reducing portion of the die and concomitantly twisted.
  • the helical twist angle is from about 5 to about 60 and more preferably from about 40 to about 50.
  • the twist is set in the wire also in the reducing portion of the die while the material is plastically flowing. As the wire exits the die, twist arrest rolls prevent over twist or under twist so that the wire is uniformly twisted and no unstable portions are formed along the length of the wire. If an unstable portion existed. then localized fracture would occur.
  • the fiberizing operation depends upon the type of metal being used and can occur in metals undergoing diffusionless transformation which may be brought about by cold work or diffusion control transformations brought about by heat treatment.
  • materials having two phases wherein one phase is harder than the other and created by diffusionless transformation are: (1) beta titanium having a soft beta phase and a harder omega phase; (2) beta zirconium having a soft beta phase and a harder omega phase; (3) type l8-8 stainless steels having a soft austenite phase and a harder martensite phase; and (4) gamma uranium having a soft gamma phase and a hard gamma prime phase.
  • Examples of diffusion transformations wherein two phases exist are found in metals including (1) medium and (2) high carbon steel having a soft ferrite phase and a harder pearlite phase; (3) silver-copper alloys having a soft silver phase and a harder copper phase; (4) silver-nickel alloys having a soft silver phase and a harder nickel phase; and, (5) aluminum-beryllium alloys having a soft aluminum phase and a harder beryllium phase.
  • metals including (1) medium and (2) high carbon steel having a soft ferrite phase and a harder pearlite phase; (3) silver-copper alloys having a soft silver phase and a harder copper phase; (4) silver-nickel alloys having a soft silver phase and a harder nickel phase; and, (5) aluminum-beryllium alloys having a soft aluminum phase and a harder beryllium phase.
  • other forms of producing fiberized characteristics in wire material other than by cold work and heat treatment can be employed, such as by controlled directional solidification. This process can be adapted to provide a helical fiber
  • the die twisting operation can involve a single or a multiple reduction pass of 5 to 30 percent, preferably the reduction will be 10 to 20 percent per pass while the wire is simultaneously being twisted.
  • a final sizing pass can be utilized wherein the cross-sectional area of the wire is reduced about 10 percent or less and preferably about 5 percent or less.
  • die drawing is the preferred method of cold working the wire, other methods or combinations of methods as discussed above can also be appropriately used.
  • the material that can be torsionally strengthened can have the configuration of a rod, strip, thin flat strip, semi-flat strip, tube or any regular (i.e. square, circular, hexagonal, l-shaped, H-shaped) or irregular (i.e. C-shaped, angle-shaped, an axis of symmetry of one) cross-sectional configuration, as desired. Any suitable process known to those skilled in the art may be adopted wherein constriction and twisting occur simultaneously within the metal working portion thereof.
  • the fiberized microstructure of the die twisted wire gives an appearance where the fiberization is helically twisted with respect to the axis of the wire, and the fibers are longer in length than prior to die twisting.
  • FIG. 1 the dietwisting apparatus is shown in FIG. 1.
  • a yoke 52 having a back stabilizing shaft 51 and a front tubular shaft 55 is supported by bearings 53.
  • a prime mover 50 (which can be a variable speed motor) which is coupled to the back shaft 51 of the yoke 52 by shaft 50a provides rotational motion for the yoke 52.
  • Yoke 52 contains a payoff spool 54 that has a core 56 and side flanges 58.
  • the spool 54 is pivotally mounted in the flange plates 59 which comprise part of the yoke 52.
  • the spool 54 is shown as overwrapped by coiled metal wire 40.
  • the tubular front yoke 55 also serves as a wire guide.
  • the spool 54 is mounted approximately normal to the rotational axis of the yoke 52 defined by the center line of shafts SI and 55 thereby enabling the wire 40 to be pulled from the payoff spool 54 and aligned axially with the axis of drawing die 70.
  • a twist arrestor 80 is located as close as possible to the exit end 7) of the drawing die 70. This aids in preventing any twist in the wire from occuring after it passes through the die 70.
  • the arrestor 80 comprises at least a pair of spring loaded wheels 82 that squeeze or hold the wire tightly during the drawing-twisting operation. Many materials such as rubber, plastic, and metal can be successfully used; however, the wheel material and the spring force thereon will vary with the type of wire being drawn and its hardness.
  • the twist arrestor rolls 82 are used to keep the wire 40 from overtwisting after it leaves the die 70, thereby confining the twist in the reducing Zone of the die 70 and at the same time preventing an unstable Zone to occur between the exit portion 71 of the die 70 and the take-up spool 84.
  • the drawing die in a wire drawing operation, the drawing die must be lubricated and therefore does not offer sufficient resistance with regard to preventing twists in the area between the die 70 and the take-up spool 84. Even by putting the take-up spool 84 close to the exit end of the die 70, the problem of twisting still occurs in that unstable areas can form partially around the take-up spool 84 where overtwisting can occur. Without the twist arrestor rolls 82 non-uniform twist occurs in the wire, thereby making an unsatisfactory product.
  • a segmented portion of wire 40 is shown passing through a segmented section of die 70.
  • the die 70 comprises an entrance portion 74; a reducing portion 72 wherein the actual wire is reduced in diameter and also twisted, and a relief portion 76.
  • the entering wire portion 4] is shown with pictorialized fibers 42 that are parallel to the axis of the wire 40.
  • the constricted and twisted portion 43 leaves the die 70 the twisted and elongated fibers that were designated 42 now appear as fibers 44 and are helical with respect to the axis ofthe wire 40.
  • these elongated fibers 42 are being twisted as depicted as intermediate fibers 45.
  • the payoff spool rotational speed, the linear speed of the wire being drawn at the die exit and the outer twist angle of the wire are inter-dependent variables of the twist drawing process.
  • TPl specific twist
  • twisting wire the technique used for determining the amount of twist that is impressed in the wire consists of measuring the RPM of the spool twisting head or yoke 52. and the RPM of the drawing capstan or takeup spool 84. The diameter of the capstan 84 is easily obtained; therefore, the line speed of the wire exiting the die can easily be calculated. Impressed twist is the quotient of RPM and linear speed (inches per minute) of the exiting wire. In this analysis, it is assumed that all the applied twist is set in the wire substantially within the die and no slippage through the die occurs.
  • an initial die twist is first set in the wire and then followed by one or more single pass wire twisting operations which can be repeated, as desired.
  • the twist angle imparted during the die twisting oper ation may be characterized by either TPl (turns per inch) or the helix angle 01. These two parameters are related as follows:
  • r is the wire radius or is the helix angle at the wire surface with respect to the wire axis; and, TP! is turns per inch.
  • TPl is inversely proportional to the wire or rod diameter, a;
  • the wire was cold worked to 0.1 l4 inch, 0.09] inch, 0.064 inch and 0.060 inch diameters which reflected 80%, 87.3%, 93.8% and 94.5% respectively, reductions in areas from the original 0.257 inch wire diameter.
  • the following physical properties were measured for each diameter:
  • the torsional yield strength of wires exhibited up to 50 percent greater strength when tested in the direction of torsional prestraining or twist, as opposed to testing in the direction opposite to torsional prestraining or twist.
  • the volume fraction of martensite was greater than 50 percent and that the material contained more than 0.06 weight percent of carbon; therefore, the orientation of the harder phase, martensite, strongly influenced the strengthening response of the material. This was to be expected, as it has been found characteristic in all two-phase materials, that the harder of the two phases when present in volume fractions of 50 percent or more strongly ini'luence the strengthening response of the metal.
  • Example IV The heat treated and cold drawn high carbon samples of Example IV confirm that the characteristic of the increased torsional yield strength is present in all twophase metals and that the mechanism, cold work and- /or heat treatment, only depends on the type of metal to be used.
  • Spring B displayed a 31% increase over Spring A b.
  • Spring C displayed a 38% increase over Spring A c.
  • Spring D displayed a 66% increase over Spring A.
  • Example V From Example V it can be easily recognized that when die-twisting is applied to all two-phase metals comprehended herein, including ultra high strength type l8-8 stainless steels, of 400,000 psi or more, that torsional properties, including fatigue life, can significantly be increased.
  • An anisotropic wrought two-phase metal material comprising:
  • a cold deformed uniformly fiberized metallographic microstructure being in a helical angled configuration with respect to the longitudinal axis of the material
  • the torsional yield strength of the material subjected to constriction and torsion is greater than the torsional yield strength of the material subjected solely to constriction
  • the tensile yield strength of the material subjected solely to constriction is equal to or greater than the tensile yield strength of the material subjected to constriction and torsion.
  • An anisotropic wrought two phase metal comprising:
  • a cold deformed uniformly fiberized metallographic microstructure being in a helical angle configuration with respect to the longitudinal axis of the material
  • the torsional yield strength of the material subjected to constriction and torsion is greater than the torsional yield strength of the material subjected solely to constriction.
  • the tensile yield strength of the material subjected solely to constriction is equal to or greater than the tensile yield strength of the material subjected to constriction and torsion;
  • the material of claim 1 wherein the helical angle of the fiberized microstructure ranges from about 5 to about 4.
  • the material of claim 1 wherein the helical angle of the fiberized microstructure ranges from about 40 to about 50.
  • composition is that of type [8-8 stainless steel having at least a 20% martensitic structure.
  • T is the torsional yield strength in psi of the material having a cold worked reduction in crosssectional area of X percent induced by constriction and torsion, said material designated as cr;
  • T is the torsional yield strength in psi of the same material having a cold worked reduction in cross-sectional area of X percent induced solely by constriction, said material designated as c;
  • S is the tensile yield strength in psi of the material cr.
  • S is the tensile yield strength in psi of the material c.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Nonferrous Metals Or Alloys (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
US334223A 1973-02-21 1973-02-21 Twist drawn wire Expired - Lifetime US3883371A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US334223A US3883371A (en) 1973-02-21 1973-02-21 Twist drawn wire
CA192,518A CA1020373A (en) 1973-02-21 1974-02-14 Twist drawn wire, process and apparatus for making same
GB735974A GB1466342A (en) 1973-02-21 1974-02-18 Anisotropic wrought two-phase metal material
FR7405727A FR2218399B3 (ja) 1973-02-21 1974-02-20
JP49020979A JPS5024150A (ja) 1973-02-21 1974-02-21
DE19742408388 DE2408388A1 (de) 1973-02-21 1974-02-21 Unter verdrehen gezogener draht sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu dessen herstellung
BE141232A BE811396A (fr) 1973-02-21 1974-02-21 Pieces metalliques
US05/550,517 US3961514A (en) 1973-02-21 1975-02-18 Twist drawn wire, process and apparatus for making same
US05/553,022 US3955390A (en) 1973-02-21 1975-02-25 Twist drawn wire, process and apparatus for making same

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US334223A US3883371A (en) 1973-02-21 1973-02-21 Twist drawn wire

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/550,517 Division US3961514A (en) 1973-02-21 1975-02-18 Twist drawn wire, process and apparatus for making same
US05/553,022 Division US3955390A (en) 1973-02-21 1975-02-25 Twist drawn wire, process and apparatus for making same

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US3883371A true US3883371A (en) 1975-05-13

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US334223A Expired - Lifetime US3883371A (en) 1973-02-21 1973-02-21 Twist drawn wire

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US (1) US3883371A (ja)
JP (1) JPS5024150A (ja)
BE (1) BE811396A (ja)
CA (1) CA1020373A (ja)
DE (1) DE2408388A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2218399B3 (ja)
GB (1) GB1466342A (ja)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5137782A (en) * 1987-04-06 1992-08-11 N. V. Bekaert S.A. Granular composite containing metal fibers and plastic articles made therefrom
US5571349A (en) * 1993-12-17 1996-11-05 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of producing twisted aluminum articles
WO1999048109A1 (en) * 1998-03-17 1999-09-23 General Science And Technology Corporation Multifilament nickel-titanium alloy drawn superelastic wire
US5994647A (en) * 1997-05-02 1999-11-30 General Science And Technology Corp. Electrical cables having low resistance and methods of making same
US6019736A (en) * 1995-11-06 2000-02-01 Francisco J. Avellanet Guidewire for catheter
US6049042A (en) * 1997-05-02 2000-04-11 Avellanet; Francisco J. Electrical cables and methods of making same
US6137060A (en) * 1997-05-02 2000-10-24 General Science And Technology Corp Multifilament drawn radiopaque highly elastic cables and methods of making the same
US6215073B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2001-04-10 General Science And Technology Corp Multifilament nickel-titanium alloy drawn superelastic wire
US6307156B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2001-10-23 General Science And Technology Corp. High flexibility and heat dissipating coaxial cable
US6313409B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2001-11-06 General Science And Technology Corp Electrical conductors and methods of making same
US6325874B1 (en) 1999-12-03 2001-12-04 Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. Cold forming flat-rolled high-strength steel blanks into structural members
US6399886B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2002-06-04 General Science & Technology Corp. Multifilament drawn radiopaque high elastic cables and methods of making the same
US6449834B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2002-09-17 Scilogy Corp. Electrical conductor coils and methods of making same
US20030111143A1 (en) * 2001-10-23 2003-06-19 Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. Flattened U-bolt and method
CN108500074A (zh) * 2014-07-18 2018-09-07 三菱铝株式会社 带内表面螺旋槽管的制造方法及制造装置

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FR2479714B1 (fr) * 1980-04-03 1985-11-29 Bruss Polt I Procede de fabrication de microfils, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procede et microfils obtenus par ledit procede
JPS61161915U (ja) * 1985-03-28 1986-10-07
JPH01176613A (ja) * 1987-12-29 1989-07-13 Ngk Insulators Ltd 碍子洗浄機
US5496425A (en) * 1990-10-24 1996-03-05 Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. Cold formed high-strength steel structural members
US5453139A (en) * 1990-10-24 1995-09-26 Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. Method of making cold formed high-strength steel parts
US5538566A (en) * 1990-10-24 1996-07-23 Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. Warm forming high strength steel parts
US5454888A (en) * 1990-10-24 1995-10-03 Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. Warm forming high-strength steel structural members
US5704998A (en) * 1990-10-24 1998-01-06 Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. Hot rolling high-strength steel structural members
US5236520A (en) * 1990-10-24 1993-08-17 Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. High strength steel sway bars and method of making
RU2159162C2 (ru) * 1998-10-01 2000-11-20 Институт проблем сверхпластичности металлов РАН Способ обработки заготовок из металлов и сплавов
US6718809B1 (en) 1998-01-10 2004-04-13 General Electric Company Method for processing billets out of metals and alloys and the article
US20100289198A1 (en) * 2009-04-28 2010-11-18 Pete Balsells Multilayered canted coil springs and associated methods

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US1525730A (en) * 1922-04-18 1925-02-10 Samuel C Gates Method of making spirally-grained seamless tubing
US1749671A (en) * 1925-02-11 1930-03-04 Bethlehem Steel Corp Process for rolling metal
US2250610A (en) * 1938-12-06 1941-07-29 Simons Morris Wire and wire making
US3038592A (en) * 1958-10-07 1962-06-12 Canada Steel Co Wire drawing die
US3158258A (en) * 1954-06-02 1964-11-24 Canada Steel Co Wire and method of its production
US3698963A (en) * 1970-09-21 1972-10-17 Brunswick Corp Ultrahigh strength steels

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1525730A (en) * 1922-04-18 1925-02-10 Samuel C Gates Method of making spirally-grained seamless tubing
US1749671A (en) * 1925-02-11 1930-03-04 Bethlehem Steel Corp Process for rolling metal
US2250610A (en) * 1938-12-06 1941-07-29 Simons Morris Wire and wire making
US3158258A (en) * 1954-06-02 1964-11-24 Canada Steel Co Wire and method of its production
US3038592A (en) * 1958-10-07 1962-06-12 Canada Steel Co Wire drawing die
US3698963A (en) * 1970-09-21 1972-10-17 Brunswick Corp Ultrahigh strength steels

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5137782A (en) * 1987-04-06 1992-08-11 N. V. Bekaert S.A. Granular composite containing metal fibers and plastic articles made therefrom
US5571349A (en) * 1993-12-17 1996-11-05 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of producing twisted aluminum articles
US6019736A (en) * 1995-11-06 2000-02-01 Francisco J. Avellanet Guidewire for catheter
US6248955B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2001-06-19 General Science And Technology Corp Electrical cables having low resistance and methods of making the same
US6313409B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2001-11-06 General Science And Technology Corp Electrical conductors and methods of making same
US6049042A (en) * 1997-05-02 2000-04-11 Avellanet; Francisco J. Electrical cables and methods of making same
US6137060A (en) * 1997-05-02 2000-10-24 General Science And Technology Corp Multifilament drawn radiopaque highly elastic cables and methods of making the same
US6215073B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2001-04-10 General Science And Technology Corp Multifilament nickel-titanium alloy drawn superelastic wire
US6449834B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2002-09-17 Scilogy Corp. Electrical conductor coils and methods of making same
US6307156B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2001-10-23 General Science And Technology Corp. High flexibility and heat dissipating coaxial cable
US5994647A (en) * 1997-05-02 1999-11-30 General Science And Technology Corp. Electrical cables having low resistance and methods of making same
US6399886B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2002-06-04 General Science & Technology Corp. Multifilament drawn radiopaque high elastic cables and methods of making the same
WO1999048109A1 (en) * 1998-03-17 1999-09-23 General Science And Technology Corporation Multifilament nickel-titanium alloy drawn superelastic wire
US6325874B1 (en) 1999-12-03 2001-12-04 Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. Cold forming flat-rolled high-strength steel blanks into structural members
US20030111143A1 (en) * 2001-10-23 2003-06-19 Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. Flattened U-bolt and method
US6852181B2 (en) 2001-10-23 2005-02-08 Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. Flattened U-bolt and method
CN108500074A (zh) * 2014-07-18 2018-09-07 三菱铝株式会社 带内表面螺旋槽管的制造方法及制造装置
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Also Published As

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GB1466342A (en) 1977-03-09
FR2218399A1 (ja) 1974-09-13
FR2218399B3 (ja) 1976-11-26
DE2408388A1 (de) 1974-09-05
BE811396A (fr) 1974-06-17
CA1020373A (en) 1977-11-08
JPS5024150A (ja) 1975-03-15

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