US3881710A

US3881710A - Blast-furnace tuyere

Info

Publication number: US3881710A
Application number: US451155A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lev Dmitrievich Jupko
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1974-03-14
Filing date: 1974-03-14
Publication date: 1975-05-06
Anticipated expiration: 1992-05-06

Abstract

The tuyere has a closed, hollow, annular housing divided by a transverse partition into a head and a tail portion. A coolant supply pipe fits into the tuyere housing through the end of its tail portion, passes through said tail portion and fits into the head portion through an inlet opening provided at the top of the transverse partition. An outlet opening is provided at the bottom of the transverse partition for coolant to pass from the housing head portion into the tail portion. Another opening is provided in the end of the housing tail portion for coolant to flow out. The head portion of the tuyere housing accommodates a longitudinal partition mounted so as to divide the inlet opening into two parts. The coolant entering the head portion of the tuyere housing is divided by the longitudinal partition into two streams which simultaneously pass over the walls of both halves of the housing head portion, cooling them. The streams join at the outlet opening in the transverse partition, the flow passes into the housing tail portion and thence leaves the tuyere through the outlet opening in the end of the housing tail portion. The object of the invention is to extend the life of the blast-furnace tuyere.

Description

United States Patent [191 Jupko [451 May 6,1975

[ BLAST-FURNACE TUYERE [76] Inventor: Lev Dmitrievich Jupko, prospekt Lenina, 232, kv. 48, Zaporozhie, USSR.

22 Filed: Mar. 14, 1974 21 Appl. No.: 451,155

Primary ExaminerGerald A. Dost [57] ABSTRACT The tuyere has a closed, hollow, annular housing divided by a transverse partition into a head and a tail portion. A coolant supply pipe fits into the tuyere housing through the end of its tail portion, passes through said tail portion and fits into the head portion through an inlet opening provided at the top of the transverse partition. An outlet opening is provided at the bottom of the transverse partition for coolant to pass from the housing head portion into the tail portion. Another opening is provided in the end of the housing tail portion for coolant to flow out. The head portion of the tuyere housing accommodates a longitudinal partition mounted so as to divide the inlet opening into two parts. The coolant entering the head portion of the tuyere housing is divided by the longitudinal partition into two streams which simultaneously pass over the walls of both halves of the housing head portion, cooling them. The streams join at the outlet opening in the transverse partition, the flow passes into the housing tail portion and thence leaves the tuyere through the outlet opening in the end of the housing tail portion. The object of the invention is to extend the life of the blast-furnace tuyere.

2 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures PATENTEDMAY 6197s 3,88 1.7 l O SHEET 10? 3 PATENTEDMM 6 m5 sum 3 via BLAST-FURNACE TUYERE The invention relates to blast furnaces and has particular reference to blast-furnace tuyeres.

Known in the art are tuyeres comprising a closed annular housing divided by a transverse annular partition into a head portion (facing toward the melting chamber of the furnace) and a tail portion, a coolant supply pipe which fits into the housing through an opening in the end of its tail portion, passes through said tail portion longitudinally and fits into the housing head portion through an inlet opening provided in the transverse annular partition, an outlet opening provided in the transverse annular partition for coolant to pass from the housing head portion into the tail portion, and an opening provided in the end of the housing tail portion for coolant to flow out.

In the tuyeres under discussion, the transverse annular partition and the coolant inlet and outlet openings are provided in order to supply coolant at a high speed first to the tuyere head which, being exposed to heated coke, gas, slag and cast iron and subjected to the action of high temperature, is susceptible to burning-out and wear to a greater extent than the tail portion. On the other hand, the head portion of the tuyere heats and wears unevenly. The accumulated experience and statistics have shown that the most frequent cause of tuyere failure is the burning-out of the tuyere head bottom portion. This is attributed to the fact that cast iron and slag commonly approach the bottom portion of the head first, whereas the substance suspended in the coolant also settles in the bottom portion of the tuyere, forming a heat insulating layer which interferes with proper cooling of the tuyere bottom portion and its head in particular. In the tuyere construction under consideration these disadvantages cannot be eliminated because the speed of coolant flow in the various parts of the housing head portion may change with the location of the coolant inlets and outlets and the suspended matter is likely to accumulate at the bottom of the annular space, adversely affecting the cooling of the head bottom portion and causing burn-out.

Thus, the problem consists in providing the most efficient cooling for the tuyere parts which are most subjected to wear and burn-out and in removing the suspended matter or preventing it from settling on the tuyere parts most exposed to heat.

It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the disadvantages discussed above.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a tuyere the parts of which are cooled according to the extent of heat to which they are subjected, so as to prevent dangerous overheating of the tuyere parts subjected to the most severe temperature effects.

It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a tuyere wherein the substance suspended in the coolant is prevented from settling on the housing parts most subjected to heating.

These and other objects are achieved in a tuyere comprisin g a closed annular housing divided by a transverse annular partition into a head portion (facing toward the melting chamber of the furnace) and a tail portion, a coolant supply pipe which fits into the housing through an opening in the end of its tail portion, passes through said tail portion longitudinally and fits into the housing head portion through an inlet opening provided in the transverse annular partition, an outlet opening provided in the transverse annular partition for coolant to pass from the housing head portion into the tail portion, and an opening provided in the end of the housing tail portion for coolant to flow out. According to the invention, the head portion of the tuyere housing has a longitudinal partition mounted therein so as to divide into two parts the inlet opening which is provided at the top of the transverse annular partition for coolant to enter the head portion of the tuyere housing, whereas the outlet opening is arranged across the entire width of the bottom portion of said transverse annular partition. Due to this construction the coolant entering the head portion of the tuyere housing divides into two streams which simultaneously pass through the two halves of the tuyere housing head portion to cool them. These two streams join at the outlet opening provided at the bottom of the transverse annular partition and the coolant passes into the housing tail portion.

It is desirable that the cross-sectional dimension of the head annular space be smaller at the partition outlet opening than at the inlet opening in order to increase the speed of coolant flow at the outlet opening and thereby to increase the efficiency of cooling the most heated bottom part of the tuyere head and also to prevent the substance suspended in the coolant from settling on the housing walls.

In the tuyere which constitutes the present invention the parts heated most receive the most effective cooling and the substance suspended in the coolant is prevented from settling on the tuyere housing portions subjected to the most severe temperature effects, whereby burning-out is obviated and the life of the tuyere is extended.

Now the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:

FIG. I is a longitudinal sectional view of the tuyere constructed in accordance with the invention.

FIG. 2 is a view in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the detail B of FIG. 1; 1

FIG. 4 is a section on the line IV-lV of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 shows the tuyere embodiment arranged for blasting.

FIG. 6 shows the tuyere embodiment arranged for slag discharge.

The tuyere comprises a hollow annular housing 1 (FIG. 1) which consists of an outer taper sleeve 2, an inner taper sleeve 3 and a head 4. The sleeve 3 is mounted in the sleeve 2 so that, when the tuyere is in the working position and the longitudinal axis 00 of the outer sleeve 2 is horizontal, the longitudinal axis 00 of the inner sleeve 3 is inclined by the angle 01 (within 5) down from the axis 00, toward the head of the tuyere, the bottom side of the inner sleeve 3 lying in a horizontal plane. The narrow ends of the sleeves are joined to the annular head 4. The wall of the head is of substantial thickness. The lower portion of the head wall is cut out at the angle B (within 30). The upper half of the head is faced with a hard alloy.

An annular flange 6 is fitted between the inner and outer sleeves at their wide end.

The outer sleeve 2, inner sleeve 3, head 4 and inner flange 6 fonn the annular space in the housing 1.

An outer annular flange 8 (FIGS. 1 and 2) is attached to the inner annular flange 6 by means of bolts 7 (FIG.

2) so that the shoulders of the sleeves 2 and 3 and a gasket 9 (FIG. 1) are clamped between the flanges.

The centre hole in the flange 8, the interior space of the inner sleeve 3 and the opening in the head 4 form a tuyere duct C.

The annular space in the housing 1 is divided by a transverse annular partition 10 (FIGS. 1, 3, 4) into a head portion 11 (FIG. 1) and a tail portion 12. The head portion 11 adjoints the head 4 and its crosssectional area decreases toward the bottom.

Coolant is supplied into the tuyere through a pipe 13 which fits through coaxial holes 14 (FIG. 2) in the outer flange 8, inner flange 6 and gasket 9, extends through the housing tail portion 12 and fits into the housing head portion 11 through an inlet opening 15 (FIGS. 1 and 3) provided in the top portion of the transverse annular partition 10. Mounted at the inlet opening 15 in the housing head portion 11 is a longitudinal partition 16 (FIGS. 1,3,4) which snugly fits to the transverse annular partition 10 and around the entire periphery of the housing head portion 1 1. The partition 16 is arranged to divide the inlet opening 15 and the housing head portion 11 into two parts.

An outlet opening 17 (FIG. 4) is provided in the bottom portion of the transverse annular partition 10 for coolant to pass from the housing head portion 11 into the tail portion 12. Coolant leaves the housing tail portion 12 by way of coaxial outlet holes 18 (FIG. 2) provided in the inner flange 6, outer flange 8 and gasket 9.

Coolant is supplied through the pipe 13 into the housing head portion 11 where it is divided by the partition 16 into two streams which simultaneously pass through the housing head portion 11, intensively cooling it. The speed of each of the coolant streams increases as the flow approaches the outlet opening since the cross-sectional area of the housing head portion 11 decreases toward it. The speed of the coolant streams reaches the maximum at the outlet opening 17 through which the coolant passes into the housing tail portion 12 and thence flows away through the hole 18.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the present invention wherein a tuyere 19 is arranged for supplying blast into a furnace 20.

The tuyere 19 is mounted in a cooler 21, with the head 4 pointing toward the furnace melting melting chamber H, and is clamped by a blast nozzle 22.

The cooler 21 is inserted in a cooled aperture 23 which is attached to a furnace shell 25 by means of a flange 24.

The tuyere which constitutes the present invention can also be used to discharge slag from the furnace. This embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 6.

The tuyere 19 is secured by means of a fixture 26 in a cooler 27 which fits into an intercooler 28 secured in an aperture 29 which is attached to the furnace shell 25 by means of a flange 30.

What is claimed is:

l. A blast-furnace tuyere comprising: a closed, hollow, annular housing; a transverse annular partition dividing the annular space of the housing into a head portion (adjoining the melting chamber of the furnace) and a tail portion; a coolant inlet opening and a coolant outlet opening provided in the end of said housing tail portion; a coolant inlet opening provided at the top of said transverse annular partition and a coolant outlet opening provided at the bottom thereof; a coolant supply pipe fitting through said inlet opening in the end of the housing tail portion, passing longitudinally through said housing tail portion and fitting into said housing head portion through said inlet opening in the transverse annular partition; said pipe supplying coolant into the housing head portion from where it passes through said outlet opening in the transverse annular partition into the housing tail portion and thence flows away through said outlet hole in the end of the housing tail portion; a longitudinal partition mounted in the housing head portion so as to divide said inlet opening in the transverse partition into two parts for the coolant entering the housing head portion through said supply pipe to be divided into two streams, which streams simultaneously pass over the walls of the two halves of the housing head portion to cool them and subsequently join at said outlet opening in the transverse partition, the coolant flow passing into the housing tail portion through this opening.

2. A tuyere as claimed in claim 1, in which the crosssectional area of said housing head portion is smaller at the coolant outlet opening provided in said transverse partition than at the coolant inlet opening provided in same.

Claims

1. A blast-furnace tuyere comprising: a closed, hollow, annular housing; a transverse annular partition dividing the annular space of the housing into a head portion (adjoining the melting chamber of the furnace) and a tail portion; a coolant inlet opening and a coolant outlet opening provided in the end of said housing tail portion; a coolant inlet opening provided at the top of said transverse annular partition and a coolant outlet opening provided at the bottom thereof; a coolant supply pipe fitting through said inlet opening in the end of the housing tail portion, passing longitudinally through said housing tail portion and fitting into said housing head portion through said inlet opening in the transverse annular partition; said pipe supplying coolant into the housing head portion from where it passes through said outlet opening in the transverse annular partition into the housing tail portion and thence flows away through said outlet hole in the end of the housing tail portion; a longitudinal partition mounted in the housing head portion so as to divide said inlet opening in the transverse partition into two parts for the coolant entering the housing head portion through said supply pipe to be divided into two streams, which streams simultaneously pass over the walls of the two halves of the housing head portion to cool them and subsequently join at said outlet opening in the transverse partition, the coolant flow passing into the housing tail portion through this opening.

2. A tuyere as claimed in claim 1, in which the cross-sectional area of said housing head portion is smaller at the coolant outlet opening provided in said transverse partition than at the coolant inlet opening provided in same.