US3881523A - Weaving - Google Patents

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US3881523A
US3881523A US358910A US35891073A US3881523A US 3881523 A US3881523 A US 3881523A US 358910 A US358910 A US 358910A US 35891073 A US35891073 A US 35891073A US 3881523 A US3881523 A US 3881523A
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yarn
shedding
loom
fluid flow
warp
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Anthony David Paton
Stephen Temple
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03C—SHEDDING MECHANISMS; PATTERN CARDS OR CHAINS; PUNCHING OF CARDS; DESIGNING PATTERNS
    • D03C13/00—Shedding mechanisms not otherwise provided for
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D41/00—Looms not otherwise provided for, e.g. for weaving chenille yarn; Details peculiar to these looms

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  • SHEET (LS-1F 12 SHEET llUF 1 523 PiTEkTEE KAY 61'915 PSJEHTEE HAY 6 I575 SHEET 12UF 12 WEAVING This invention relates to yarn-handling mechanisms for textile machines.
  • yarn is intended to embrace monofilament yarns as well as multifilament or fibrous spun yarns or threads, and flat tape-like yarns such as used in woven backing fabrics for carpets.
  • a loom comprising means for feeding a plurality of warp yarns to a shedding area, gripping means for gripping each end of a length of each warp yarn so that each length has a predetermined amount of slack, means for creating gaseous fluid flow along one or more portions of each of the lengths of warp yarn thereby to apply longitudinal force to the length of yarn, application of the force in a first direction urging the yarn to be held in tension in the shedding area whilst the slack is formed at a second location remote from the shedding area, and application of the force in a second direction urging the length of yarn to move so that the yarn in the shedding area is slack whilst the yarn is held in tension at the second location, means for separating the slack yarn in the shedding area from the warp to form a shed for the insertion of a weft yarn, and shedding control means for controlling the shedding operation of the warp yarns.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a multiphase loom incorporating the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation of the principal parts of the loom of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows the shedding area of FIG. 2 on a larger scale
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of parts of the loom of FIGS. 1 and 2,
  • FIG. 5 is a side elevation of a weft carrier feed mechanism of the loom of FIGS. 1 to 3,
  • FIG. 6 is a vertical section through the shedding area of the loom of the preceding FIGS. showing the relative states of the shedding, beating and weft insertion operations at one instant in the weaving cycle,
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of the shedding area shown in FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 8 is a timing diagram illustrating the relative timing of the various operations of the loom of FIGS. 1 to 5,
  • FIGS. 9 to 15 show diagrammatically alternative forms of shedding mechanism for use in the loom of FIGS. 1 to 5,
  • FIG. I6 is a section through a shedding mechanism fitted with an alternative form of shedding control
  • FIG. 17 is a section through a shedding mechanism showing another alternative form of shedding control.
  • FIG. 18 is a section along line AA of FIG. 17.
  • FIG. 19 is a side elevation of parts of a multiphase loom employing a reciprocating beater
  • FIG. 20 is a fragmentary plan view of the loom of FIG. I9.
  • FIG. 21 is a side elevation of parts of a further loom employing a reciprocating beater.
  • a multiphase loom comprises a set of driven feed rollers I0 by means of which warp yarns 20 are drawn off a beam 12 rotatably supported in suitable bearings, first and second arrays 14 and 16 of fluidic elements, described below, through which the warp yarns pass to reach a shedding area 18, a weft carrier transport mechanism for moving weft carriers, such as that shown at 22, through the shedding area during a picking operation, a beating mechanism 24, and a take-up roller 26 onto which the woven fabric is wound.
  • the arrays 14 and 16 of fluidic elements are divided in the weft direction into a number of similar sections, the warp yarns passing through each section being shed simultaneously, and the timing of the shedding of warp yarns in the various sections being controlled so that the sheds move across the warp sheet in a wave motion and a number of weft carriers can travel simultaneously across the warp sheet in the manner of a multiphase loom, as described more fully below.
  • Each section of the array 16 of fiuidic elements consists of an element 29 co-.tuining a number of parallel channels 30, one for each warp yarn passing through the element.
  • a slit 32 of 0.003 inches depth, disposed at an acute angle of about 30 to the plane containing the channels 30 extends over the channels and provides a path to each channel from a manifold 34 a separate manifold being provided for each section of the array 16.
  • a flat surface 38 Extending from the mouths 36 of channels 30 is a flat surface 38 whose plane is inclined at 30 to the plane containing the channels 30.
  • the Hat surface 38 is contiguous with a coplanar flat surface 40 which forms one face of a V-section track forming part 44 of the weft carrier transport mechanism, as described below.
  • a flat surface 39 coplanar with surface 38 extends in the opposite direction from mouth 36.
  • a clanp 45 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 extend across the length of each element 29 of the array 16.
  • the clamp 45 consists of an element which can be brought into engagement with the strands of warp yarn entering the channels 30 of thhe element 29 to hold the strands of warp yarn by binding the strands between the clamp 45 and the upper surface of a portion of channel 30.
  • the clamp 45 can be actuated electromagnetically or pneumatically to engage all the warp yarns passing through element 29 to hold the yarns in the shedding area in tension during the beating operation.
  • the element 29 is arranged so that air under pressure supplied through manifold 34 to the feed slit 32 flows along the channels 30 to mouths 36 and in doing so im parts a longitudinal force by momentum transfer to the yarn passing through each channel.
  • the air flow emerging from the mouths 36 become attached to surfaces 38 and 40 by a wall attachment or Coanda effect, and, if the portion 44 of a yarn is slack, causes the yarn to lie alongside the surfaces 38 and 40, as shown 44' in FIG. 3.
  • the dimensions of the channels 30 will depend largely on the pitch of the warp yarns, the width of each channel being, e.g. two-thirds of the pitch whilst the di viding walls between the channels are of thickness equal to one-third of the pitch, and the deptch of each channel three to six times its width.
  • Each section of the array 14 consists of a stack of similar fluidic elements 60 (see FIG. 2) each of which is formed with multiple channels 62 each of which can accommodate one of the warp yarns 20.
  • Each channel 62 has cross-sectional dimensions the same as those of each channel 30, and the channels 62 in each element 60 are provided with a common feed slot 64 leading from a manifold 66 in a similar manner to the element 16.
  • the feed slot 64 is arranged so that supply of air under pressure from manifold 64 causes air flow along channels 62 to produce a longitudinal force on each warp yarn passing through the channel in a direction opposite to that of the force produced by air flow in the channels 30 of element 29.
  • the feed rollers 10 and take-up roller 26 are driven in synchronism in such a manner that the length of each warp yarn 20 which is held between the feed rollers and the fell 46 of the woven fabric has a predetermined length of slack.
  • air is supplied to channels 30 to create longitudinal force on the yarns passing through them.
  • each yarn which is not restrained by a counter force produced by air flow in one of the elements 60 will be moved by the longitudinal force so that the slack is located in the shedding area.
  • the slack yarn in the shedding area will take up a position alongside surface 38 and 40, as described above, and so will be separated from the warp sheet to form a shed for the passage of a weft carrier 22, as shown in H6. 2.
  • each element 60 is formed with a cavity 68 sufficient to accommodate the slack yarn 72, and a transverse pin 74 is so positioned that the slack yarn, carried away from channel 62 by the air flow from it, arranges itself in a loop between the pin 74 and one side of element 60, as shown at 72 in FIG. 2, to prevent tangling of the slack yarn.
  • the warp yarns shed are selected in a manner analogous to mechanical dobby control in a conventional loom, the warp yarns having been divided in a preselected manner between the elements 60 during loading of the yarns into the loom. It will be appreciated that, since all the yarns in any one element 60 always move together, the dividing walls between the channels 62 could be dispensed with, the channels being combined into a sin gle channel.
  • the weft carrier transport mechanism comprises a V-shaped track 42 which forms the stator of a synchronous linear induction motor, each weft carrier 22 forming a rotor of the motor.
  • the upper flat faces 40 and 41 of the two slides and 81 forming the track are perpendicular to one another, and beneath each slide is a series of propulsion coils (82 and 84) arranged in a continuous line, the axis of each coil being perpendicular to the corresponding face 40 or 41.
  • Each weft carrier 22 is formed from a combination of a ferromagnetic material, such as iron or nickel, and a non-ferromagnetic conductor, such as aluminium, held in a moulded plastics body, in such proportions that in use the forces of gravity and of attraction of the ferromagnetic material by the magnetic field of the propulsion coils is balanced by the repulsion due to the interaction of the magnetic propulsion field with the magnetic field produced by eddy currents induced in the conducting material so that the carrier is stably supported at a short distance above the faces 40 and 41 of the track.
  • the axes of coils 80 and 8] intersect above the axis of the weft carrier 22 in its stable position, and this arrangement gives lateral stability to the carrier.
  • the forces of repulsion generated by coils 80 and 81 produce turning movements of opposite sense on the carrier 22, which has a square cross-section, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • coils in adjacent zones on the track are supplied with 3-phase current in such a way that the supply to the leading zones generates a magnetic field urging the weft carrier in one direction whilst the supply to the lagging zones generates a field producing an opposing force, so that the weft carrier is held stably between the fields.
  • the fields are stepped along the track at the desired weft carrier speed, by a suitable commutation arrangement switching the currents at a frequency less than the frequency of the three-phase supply, so that the carrier is propelled stably at the desired speed.
  • the supply of current to the coils is controlled so that travelling fields are similarly generated and pitched along the track at the desired spacing between successive weft carriers.
  • the weft carriers are fed to the track 42 from one or more feed devices 90.
  • Each device 90 has a hopper 92 which is supplied with weft carriers 22 from a suitable filling mechanism in which each carrier 22 is filled with a weft yarn of predetermined length.
  • a photocell and lamp arrangement 94 provides a signal to cause the hopper to be filled when the number of carriers in it falls below a fixed level.
  • the weft carriers are gripped by two spiral feed cams 96 which engage in longitudinal grooves 98 (FIG. 3) in the sides of the weft carriers.
  • the cams are driven by a stepping motor 100 which, in response to a control signal, rotates the cams through one revolution to advance the warp carriers 22 by one width.
  • each spiral cam is toothed, as shown at 102 in FIG. 5.
  • the teeth engage, during each revolution of the cams, corresponding teeth formed in the grooves 98 of the lowermost weft carrier 22, so that as the carrier is released from the cams onto the track 42 it is given a forward velocity approximately equal to its flight velocity along the track.
  • the operation of stepping motor 100 is synchronised with that of the weft carrier transport fields traveling along track 42 so that successive weft carriers are projected onto the track 42 at the appropriate frequency.
  • a number of weft carrier feed devices may be provided in parallel, and may be supplied with weft carriers loaded with different coloured yarns, to enable the different coloured weft yarns to be inserted in accordance with a programme derived, for example, from a punched tape reader or a small tape recorder.
  • Each weft yarn carrier is designed so that the yarn is paid out from the rear of the carrier during its flight through the loom, the yarn being paid out through a spring release device which allows any knotted or tangled portion of yarn to escape from the shuttle without the build up of a high tension in the weft yarn which would arrest passage of the carrier across the loom.
  • a suitable mechanism (not shown) is provided at the entry of the shedding area to pick up the tail of the weft yarn protruding from each carrier as the carrier passes the mechanism at the beginning of its travel across the loom, and to fasten the end of the yarn in any suitable manner into the selvedge of the woven fabric.
  • thermoplastic warp yarns at the edges of the warp sheet, and employing a mechanism to turn over the tail of the weft yarn onto the thermoplastic yarns and applying heat and pressure to cause the weft yarn to become secured to the thermoplastics yarns.
  • the shedding operation is carried out in each section, consisting of an element 29 of array 16, in turn, the shedding progressing synchronously with the beating operation and weft carrier travel, in effect in a discontinuous wave motion across the loom.
  • the selected warp yarns are moved to form sheds, as described above, and a weft carrier, travelling in synchronism with the shedding wave, passes through the sheds, laying a weft yarn in them.
  • the warp yarns are then moved in the opposite direction to draw all the warp yarns in the shedding area into tension, so that the weft yarn is held in position, interwoven into the warp yarns.
  • the clamp 45 is then actuated to hold the warp yarns whilst the fingers of the beating comb move into the warp sheet and force the weft yarn against the fell of the woven fabric.
  • the clamp 45 is then released, while the take-up roller 26 and feed roller 10 progress by an amount dependent on the density of the woven fabric. The next shedding operation is then begun.
  • the sections of warp yarn between sections 122 and 124 are at intermediate stages in the process of being moved from the shed position to the unshed position.
  • Sections 134 and 132 of the warp yarn, separated by one phase" of the multiphase shedding motion from the sections 120 and 122 similarly include fully shed yarns, and the next succeeding weft carrier 22' is positioned in the sheds 132, 134.
  • the sections between sections 126 and 132 show warp yarns at intermediate stages in the shedding operation. It will be appreciated that the sheds formed by warp yarns in the different sections in effect travel in waves across the loom, with the beating operation and weft carrier travelling in synchronism with the shedding.
  • Fig. 8 is a timing cycle diagram illustrating the relative timing of the various operations on one section of the warp sheet.
  • Line A shows the periods during which the fingers of the beating combs are inserted between the warp yarns of the section
  • line B shows the periods during which a weft carrier is passing the section
  • line C shows the periods during which the clamp 45 is actuated to hold the warp yarns in the shedding area in tension during the beating
  • line D shows the periods during which air is supplied to channels 30 in element 29 to effect shedding of the unrestrained warp yarns
  • lines E and F show the periods during which air is supplied to the channels 62.
  • the described loom operates a low level of forces applied to the warp yarns, thus enabling the shedding operations to be carried out at greatly increased speeds, and giving great flexibility in handling the warp yarns, e.g. in switching from multiphase operation to single phase operation, as described below in connection with the embodiment of FIGS. 19 and 20.
  • the loom could be made as a single phase loom, or as a ribbon loom. Different forms of the shedding system may be preferable in the different looms.
  • FIGS. 9 to show diagrammatically various alternative forms of shedding control systems which could be used in place of the elements 29 and 60 of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • FIG. 9 shows a fluidic element 200 formed with a number of separate channels 202 (corresponding to channels 30 and 62 in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5) through each of which passes a warp yarn 20.
  • the channels are separated from one another by parallel dividing walls, to avoid adhesion between yarns in adja cent channels.
  • One or more feed slits 204 leading from manifolds 206 are provided to enable air flow to be created in channel 202 in the shedding direction, in similar manner to feed slit 32 and manifold 34 in element 29 of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5, and one or more feed slits 208 leading from manifolds 210 can similarly be used to create fluid flow in the opposite direction.
  • Two flat surfaces 214 and 216 extend from the mount 212 of channel 202 in such a manner that the air flow emerging from the mouth when air under pressure is supplied through feed slot 204 can become stably attached to either surface by a wall attachment or C0- anda effect, the surfaces joining the upper and lower walls of the channel through curves ofa suitable radius.
  • control slits 218 and 220 are provided on either side of the channel 202, the slots being gererally perpendicular to the channel and opening into the channel at a distance from the ount 212 of typically five to 10 times the diameter of the yarn with which the element is designed to operate.
  • the portion 44 can, under control of pressure supplied to manifolds 218 and 224, be parted from the warp sheet in one direction to form a shed for the passage of a weft yarn 230, or can be parted from the warp sheet in the opposite direction so that it is effectively prevented from forming a shed.
  • the geometry of the shedding area is such that the yarn, when shed, is held in a stable position by the air flow.
  • the selection of warp yarns to be shed for each wasft insertion can therefore be controlled by controlling the supply of air to the manifolds 222 and 224 associated with each channel 202.
  • FIG. 10 shows an element 200 generally similar to the element 200 shown in FIG. 9, except that no use is made of the Coanda effect to cause shedding of the warp yarns.
  • the control slits 218 and 220 are so positioned that air flow from one slit will interact with the air flow from the mount of channel 202 produced by the supply of air from slit 204 to give, by a momentum exchange process, a resultant stable air flow which will cause the slack portion 44 of warp yarn 20 to form a stable loop on one side or other of the warp sheet, depending on which control slit is employed.
  • the surfaces 214 and 216 act only to guide the air flow, and may in some cases be dispensed with.
  • a continuous pressure can be applied to one control slit, to maintain a stable air flow normally on one side of the warp sheet, and a higher pressure be applied to the other control slit to switch the flow when required to the other side of the warp sheet, the flow returning to its initial position when the higher control pressure is removed.
  • FIG. 11 is similar to that of FIG. 9, except that surface 216 is cut back to extend coplanar with surface 214, and only one control slit 218 is provided.
  • the surfaces are arranged so that the air flow emerging from each channel 202, when air is supplied through feed slit 204, becomes stably attached by Coanda effect to surface 214 in the absence of any controlling air flow through control slit 218.
  • control slit 218 When air pressure is supplied to control slit 218 the air flow is detached from surface 214 and takes up a position, owing to interaction the air flow from slit 218 on the other side of the warp sheet.
  • This embodiment has the advantage over those of FIGS. 9 and 10 of requiring only one controlling air flow and of giving greater access to the shedding area.
  • FIG.12 shows an embodiment in which the yarn guide 50 is arranged in a plane spaced vertically from that of the channel 202 so that each warp yarn is turned through I80 after leaving the mouth 212 of channel 202 before entering the yarn guide.
  • the geometry of the arrangement enables a stable loop to be formed in the shed yarn 44 by the air flow issuing from mouth 212 without the need to employ the Coanda effect or any auxiliary controlling air flow.
  • This embodiment also enables beating of the inserted weft yarns to be carried out automatically as the shed yarns are drawn back through channel 202 after the shedding operations, the weft yarn being drawn back by the warp yarns against the inclined edges 228 of the dividing walls'between channels 202, so that the weft yarn is pressed against the fell 46 of the woven fabric.
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 show alternative arrangements of the shedding area in which beating can be carried out by drawing the edge 46 of the woven fabric against the dividing walls 228 after the shedding and weft insertion operations.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates an arrangement in which shedding selection of the warp yarns is carried out in a manner similar to that of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5, by inhibiting movement of selected threads during the shedding operation.
  • the movement is restrained by a series of mechanical clamps 234 which may be operated by any suitable means,v e.g. pneumatic, electromagnetic, piezo-electric or magnetostrictive.
  • a series of bridges 240 Between portions 236 and 238 of channel 202, into which the feed slits 204 and 208 respectively open, are a series of bridges 240 under which the warp yarns can move freely.
  • Each yarn can be arranged to pass over one or more of the bridges and when any one of the clamps 234 is operated to move it against the corresponding bridge each of the yarns passing over that bridge will be prevented from moving during the shedding operation. It will be apparent that by operating one or more of the clamps 234 during each shedding operation only preselected warp yarns will be shed, so that shedding selection can be controlled in a manner analogous to dobby control in a conventional loom. It will be appreciated that in the embodiment of FIG.
  • the feed slit 208 supply of air through which draws into tension the yarn portions 44 i the shedding area, can be arranged to feed all the channels 202 in the section of the loom (or the whole loom in the case of a single phase loom) since it plays no part in shedding selection.
  • FIG. 16 shows an arrangement in which a dobby-type of shedding selection is employed in a shedding system similar to that of FIG. 11.
  • the control manifold 222 of each element 200 is connected through branched feed channels 244 in a wafer block 242 individual to each channel 202 to a number of manifolds 246.
  • the channels 244 are shaped so that air under pressure supplied to any one of the manifolds 246 will flow to the control manifold 222 without returning to any of the other manifolds 246.
  • a block 248 fits over the blocks 242 and is formed with manifolds 250 each of which extends over the corresponding manifolds 246 in all the blocks 242 in one section of the loom (or over the width of the loom in the case of a single phase loom).
  • a perforated paten 252 fits between the block 248 and blocks 242, the perforations in the platen connecting each common manifold 250 to selected ones of the manifolds 246.
  • a command pressure signal is supplied to one or more of the common manifolds, the pressure being applied through perforations in platen 252 and feed channels 244 to selected ones of the control manifolds 222, cause shedding of selected warp yarns.
  • the supply of air under pressure to common manifold 250 can be controlled, for example, by pneumatic control valves, under programmed control by a punched tape reader or small tape recorder or conventional dobby programming unit.
  • the platen 252 can be replaced with a platen having a different arran-- gemennt of perforations, to vary the dobby control.
  • each control manifold 222 is connected to a supply of air under pressure through a diaphragm valve or fluid logic element, which is controlled in response to a timing signal and from a signal from a register, such as an electronic or pneumatic shift register, containing data defining the shedding selection.
  • a series of registers is provided, each arranged to control the operation of the shedding elements over a length corresponding to the pattern repeat length, and each register is adapted, in response to the timing signal, to transmit the data stored in it to the next register in line, so that the data defining the weaving pattern need initially be supplied to only one of the registers.
  • FIG. 17 and 18 illustrate an embodiment in which fully programmed shedding control is applied to a loom having a shedding mechanism in which each warp yarn is shed only when pressure is applied to the corresponding control manifold 260.
  • the manifold 206 through which air under pressure is supplied to channel 202 to produce shedding movement of the yarn 20, is connected to control manifold 260 through channels 262 and 264, and the junction of channels 262 and 264 is connected to a control port 266.
  • control port 266 When control port 266 is closed, pressure applied to manifold 206 will cause pressure to be simultaneously applied to control manifold 260, so that the corresponding warp yarn will be shed, whereas if port 266 is open the pressure applied to manifold 206 will not be transmitted to control manifold 260 and the warp yarn will remain unshed.
  • the control ports 266 associated with each channel 202 are arranged in line across the loom, as shown in FIG. 18, and are covered by a metal sheet or roll 268 which is movable by means of a stepping motor in a direction perpendicular to the line of ports, and is maintained in register with the ports by ribs 270 engaging in grooves in the control elements.
  • the sheet is formed with apertures, such as aperture 272 arranged in a pattern such that, after each stepwise movement of the sheet an aperture is in register with each control port 266 associated with the warp yarns which are not to be shed, so that those control ports are opened.
  • the sheet or roll 268 can thus be patterned to provide a complete shedding programme for the loom.
  • a shed can in effect be formed in each warp yarn on either side of the warp yarn sheet.
  • These embodiments can therefore be employed in a loom in which arrangements are made to enable each weft yarn to be inserted in sheds on either side of the warp sheet, weft insertion into the two sheds being simultaneous or successive as appropriate to the structure of the fabric to be woven and to the loom construction.
  • double weft insertion is practically, but not exclusively useful in ribbon looms where double weft insertion can be conveniently arranged, and it enables, for example, elastic ribbons to be woven on a loom employing the shedding techniques described above.
  • FIGS. 19 and 20 shown a further embodiment of a multiphase loom in which beating is carried out by reciprocating reed elements.
  • a weft yarn carrier is transported through a shedding area 302, transport and leviation of the weft carrier being provided by a synchronous linear induction field generated by coils 304.
  • a reed 306 consisting of a series of blocks 308 fixed to and supported by a flexible sheet 310 which is fixed at its upper margin to the frame 312.
  • Each block 308 can be reciprocated by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic piston and cylinder device 314 individual to each block, the flexible sheet 310 allowing adjacent blocks 308 to pivot against each other so that the blocks can be moved in turn in a wave motion across the loom, as illustrated in FIG. 20.
  • Each block is rearwardly tapered as shown at 350 to accommodate the relative pivoting of adjacent blocks, whilst the flexible sheet 310 maintains a continuous forward surface on the reed.
  • Each block is normally held in its retracted position by a spring 316 acting on the piston of device 314.
  • clamp 45 is released, and air is supplied to manifold 322 so that shedding of those warp yarns which are not held by dobby 14 can take place as the block is being retracted.
  • the sheds formed are positioned to allow passage of the next weft carrier.
  • the weft carriers 300 are supported and transported by a synchronous linear induction field generated by coils 304.
  • the general configuration of the shedding area, and the warp yarn dobby system and clamping brake 45 are similar to those of the embodiment of FIGS. 19 and 20.
  • the shedding manifold 322 and feed slit 320 are formed in a stationary member 303, the slit 320 opening into a cylindrical surface 332 on the stationary member.
  • the reed 306' consists of a series of shims 334 fixed in parallel planes and moulded or fixed in a rubber block to form an integral structure in which adjacent shims can be moved relative to one another through a small distance by virtue of shear deformation of the rubber between them.
  • the reed 306 is rotatable about a pivot shaft 336, and each shim 334 has a curved outer edge 338 moving at a small distance say 2550 M, from the cylindrical surface 332.
  • the curved outer edges 338 extend a short distance above a curved surface of the rubber block, so that adjacent shims 334 define between them a channel for the passage of a warp yarn, the feed slit 320 opening into all the channels.
  • the overall structure of reed 306 has sufficient flexibility to enable the shim, the beating edge of which is shown at 334, in one section of the reed to be in a retracted position. as shown in FIG. 21, whilst the corresponding shim, the beating edge of which is shown at 334a, at a distance of one half wavelength away is in the forward position at which beating of an inserted weft yarn is completed.
  • the reed is actuated in a wave motion by a series of piston and cylinder devices 314, or by a cam or other suitable mechanism.
  • FIGS. 19 to 21 incorporate a reciprocating reed system have the advantage that shedding and withdrawal of the warp yarns take place while the reed elements are moving, so that the beating operation does not take up a great deal of the overall cycle time of the weaving operation, and the various operations are kept in precise phase relationship. Since the reed elements reciprocate over only a short distance, the forces involved are at a low level, and since, owing to the wave motion, corresponding parts of the reed at any instant are moving in opposite directions the net linear momentum of the whole reed is practically zero.
  • These arrangements of beating avoid the problem which arises in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to of ensuring that the beating combs must remain in register with the channels 30 as they enter the warp sheet.
  • They have the advantage furthermore that they can be operated in a single phase, so that, for example, if a faulty weft yarn occurs in a multiphase operation, the loom can be halted, temporarily converted to single phase operation, and several weft yarns to be removed until the faulty yarn is removed.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 21 has the further advantage that, by removing the stationary part 303, the warp yarns can easily be laid directly into the channels 332 before the part 303 is replaced.
  • Each of the looms of the described embodiments have the advantage that warp shedding is performed by means having a low increase, compared with conventionally used healds and beams, so that higher shedding speeds and lower reciprocating forces on the yarns can be employed.
  • the looms have great flexibility, being susceptible to both dobby-type control and fully programmed control.
  • the shedding system can be entirely or largely free from moving parts, giving good mechanical reliability as well as a low occurrence of warp yarn breakage.
  • the construction of the shedding system is suitable for mass production, employing, for example, the photo-ceramic techniques used in fluid logic element construction, photo-etching or spark erosion from the dividing walls between channels in which the yarns move.
  • a loom comprising:
  • feeding means for feeding a plurality of warp yarns to said shedding section
  • first and second gripping means for gripping a length of each one of said plurality of warp yarns, extending between said first and second gripping means, so that each length of warp yarn has a predetermined amount of slack
  • a plurality of fluid flow means associated with respective ones of the lengths of warp yarn for creating gaseous fluid flow along at least one portion of each of the lengths of warp yarn, thereby applying longitudinal force to each length of yarn;
  • shedding control means for controlling the shedding operation, by causing said plurality of fluid flow means to form a slack portion in each of said plurality of warp yarns in the shedding section according to a predetermined sequence.
  • each of said plurality of fluid flow means comprises:
  • a plurality of channel means each having an outlet opening into said shedding section, for passing a respective one of each of said plurality of lengths of warp yarn through;

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US358910A 1972-05-10 1973-05-10 Weaving Expired - Lifetime US3881523A (en)

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GB2190272A GB1436541A (en) 1972-05-10 1972-05-10 Weaving
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US (1) US3881523A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4954670A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH555906A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2323732A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1436541A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4050481A (en) * 1974-10-24 1977-09-27 Ruti Machinery Works Ltd. Undulated shed loom with electromagnetic shuttle drive
US4143685A (en) * 1976-09-01 1979-03-13 Cambridge Consultants Limited Weaving looms
US5188153A (en) * 1991-09-26 1993-02-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administration Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Fill yarn insertion and beatup using inflatable membrane
US20070048491A1 (en) * 2005-08-23 2007-03-01 Couristan Inc. Water resistant carpet and method of manufacture the same
US20100101679A1 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 Groz-Beckert Kg Spreader with clamping and ventilating devices
CN105862302A (zh) * 2016-06-21 2016-08-17 鲁泰纺织股份有限公司 浆纱机用经纱剪切装置
CN113166982A (zh) * 2018-12-12 2021-07-23 泰普纺织瑞典公司 使用空气压力的梭口方法和设备

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105239267A (zh) * 2015-11-19 2016-01-13 长乐力天针纺有限公司 一种用于经编机的张力调节装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2870349A (en) * 1954-01-19 1959-01-20 Oesterr Textilmaschf Josephy Electromagnetic drive for bodies to be moved in pregiven paths, especially shuttles of circular looms
US3343569A (en) * 1965-12-17 1967-09-26 Hugh H Barr Combined carding and weaving
US3465939A (en) * 1966-07-19 1969-09-09 Strake Maschf Nv Device for guiding a thread

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2870349A (en) * 1954-01-19 1959-01-20 Oesterr Textilmaschf Josephy Electromagnetic drive for bodies to be moved in pregiven paths, especially shuttles of circular looms
US3343569A (en) * 1965-12-17 1967-09-26 Hugh H Barr Combined carding and weaving
US3465939A (en) * 1966-07-19 1969-09-09 Strake Maschf Nv Device for guiding a thread

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4050481A (en) * 1974-10-24 1977-09-27 Ruti Machinery Works Ltd. Undulated shed loom with electromagnetic shuttle drive
US4143685A (en) * 1976-09-01 1979-03-13 Cambridge Consultants Limited Weaving looms
US5188153A (en) * 1991-09-26 1993-02-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administration Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Fill yarn insertion and beatup using inflatable membrane
US20070048491A1 (en) * 2005-08-23 2007-03-01 Couristan Inc. Water resistant carpet and method of manufacture the same
US20100101679A1 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 Groz-Beckert Kg Spreader with clamping and ventilating devices
US7798179B2 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-09-21 Groz-Beckert Kg Spreader with clamping and ventilating devices
CN105862302A (zh) * 2016-06-21 2016-08-17 鲁泰纺织股份有限公司 浆纱机用经纱剪切装置
CN105862302B (zh) * 2016-06-21 2017-12-19 鲁泰纺织股份有限公司 浆纱机用经纱剪切装置
CN113166982A (zh) * 2018-12-12 2021-07-23 泰普纺织瑞典公司 使用空气压力的梭口方法和设备
US20220002918A1 (en) * 2018-12-12 2022-01-06 Tape Weaving Sweden Ab Shedding method and apparatus using air pressure
CN113166982B (zh) * 2018-12-12 2023-03-14 泰普纺织瑞典公司 使用空气压力的梭口方法和设备
US11946175B2 (en) * 2018-12-12 2024-04-02 Tape Weaving Sweden Ab Shedding method and apparatus using air pressure

Also Published As

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GB1436541A (en) 1976-05-19
DE2323732A1 (de) 1973-11-29
CH555906A (de) 1974-11-15
JPS4954670A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-05-28

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