US3879904A - Lapping device - Google Patents

Lapping device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3879904A
US3879904A US386199A US38619973A US3879904A US 3879904 A US3879904 A US 3879904A US 386199 A US386199 A US 386199A US 38619973 A US38619973 A US 38619973A US 3879904 A US3879904 A US 3879904A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
plate
lapping
face
members
curvature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US386199A
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English (en)
Inventor
Martin Hafner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19722239073 external-priority patent/DE2239073C3/de
Application filed by Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3879904A publication Critical patent/US3879904A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories

Definitions

  • a lapping device especially suitable for lapping-in accurate cylindrically convex surfaces comprises an elongated rectangular metal plate having a lapping face on one side and provided on its opposite side with means controlling bending of the plate into a perfectly concave cylindrical axis of curvature by application of bending force to the opposite end portions of the plate. Various means for applying curve-inducing force to the plate are disclosed. A recapable lapping surface for the lapping face of the plate is also provided.
  • This invention relates to lapping devices for producing convex surfaces of cylindrical axis curvature, and is more particularly concerned with producing such convex surfaces which have a large radius of curvature in metallic or ceramic parts.
  • floating shoes of recording heads are related to the memory disks or magnetic storers in such a manner that they float at a slight distance from the opposing disk surface by virtue of the air cushion created by the relative movement of the shoes and rotating disk.
  • the floating shoes used are substantially circular or rectangular ceramic plates of approximately mm. diameter with the active, exposed or hearing faces of the floating shoes having a slight convex curvature in the form of a cylindrical section with a shallow radius of curvature of approximately 5 meters.
  • a lapping technique is preferred. Thereby the part is moved with uniform pressure in the presence ofa lapping agent on a lapping plate which for this purpose must have a concave cylindrical axis surface with the radius of curvature desired for the lapped part.
  • An important object of the present invention is to overcome the foregoing and other disadvantages, deficiencies, inefficiencies, shortcomings and problems in the attainment of accurate concave cylindrical axis surfaces on lapping plates.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved lapping device providing a new and improved lapping plate on which an accurate cylindrical axis lapping face is attained easily and simply.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a new and improved lapping device providing a lapping plate which can be easily adjusted to provide the desired radius of curvature for a cylindrical axis lapping face.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide new and improved means for effecting bending of a lapping plate to provide the desired radius of curvature in a cylindrical axis lapping face of the plate.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved method of providing a cylindrical axis lapping face.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded isometric view showing details of a lapping device embodying features of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary side elevational view showing a modified lapping plate supporting and adjusting means.
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary side elevational view of another modified lapping plate supporting and adjusting means.
  • FIG. 4 is a isometric view showing a modification of the lapping face of the lapping plate.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional detail view taken substantially along the line VV of FIG. 1,
  • a representative lapping device including a lapping plate 1 which is preferably of elongated rectangular form and is flat in its normal free condition.
  • the plate 1 may have dimensions of approximately by 200by 9mm.
  • the plate provides a lapping face luwhich in the normal unbent condition of the plate 1 is flat.
  • a shallow concave cylindrical axis arcuate shape is necessary for the lapping face 10, such as on a radius of curvature of about Smeters.
  • attainment of the desired cylindrical concavity of the lapping face laof the plate 1 is attained by applying a bending moment to opposite end margins 2 and 3 of the plate.
  • the plate 1 were in a mere uniform thickness condition, it would be liable to buckling or uneven bending in response to a bending moment applied through the ends 2 and 3 of the plate.
  • bending moment is controlled at the opposite side of the plate 1 from the lapping face In.
  • the opposite or underside of the plate 1 is provided with a set of integral, parallel, coextensive control ribs 4.
  • ribs 4 are not critical, excellent results have been obtained in a lapping plate having the aforementioned dimensions by having the ribs of a thickness about equal to their spacing, such as about 4mm. and their width from the plate to their longitudinal edges about 20mm. and with the lengths of the ribs equal to the width of the plate.
  • the rib subdivision should not be too fine or the stability of the ribs becomes too low.
  • deviations from the dimensions given for the ribs may be as much as 30%. It will be appreciated, of course, that reasonable adherence to the relative dimensions will afford more uniform results.
  • the lapping plate 1 To facilitate mounting of the lapping plate 1 for bending moment, it is provided with respective integral transverse stress bars 5 and 6 on the underside of the plate adjacent to the set of ribs 4 and spaced inwardly from the edges of the end margins 2 and 3. Respective connecting pin bores 7 and 8 are provided in the bars 5 and 6, respectively, and are of preferably elongated cross section in a horizontal direction, parallel to the plane of the plate 1.
  • respective complementary members 9 and 10 are provided which may, for convenience, be referred to as jaw meinbers, receptive of the end portions 2 and 3 of the plate.
  • the stress bars and 6 have their respective opposite ends inset relative to the longitudinal side edges of the plate 1 to be received within complementary respective recesses Saand 6ain the members 9 and 10.
  • pivotal attachment of the bar 5 to the member 9 is readily effected by means of a pin or bolt Shreceived through aligned holes 17 opening into the recess 5aand extending through the bore 7.
  • the bar 6 is pivotally connected within the recess 60 by means of a pin or bolt 6breceived through aligned holes 18 opening into the recess 6a and extending through the bore 8.
  • the plate 1 has its end margins 2 and 3 engaged upon respective upstanding straight across narrow fulcrum edges 15 and 16, respectively. on the members 9 and 10, and of a length preferably equal to at least the width of the plate 1 and engaging as close as practicable to the underside ends adjacent to the end edges of the plate. Thereby, the plate 1 is supported in freely bridging relation clear of and above the members 9 and 10, with the bending bias control ribs 4 extending downwardly freely between the members 9 and 10.
  • the members 9 In order to generate the lapping plate bending moment, the members 9 and are mounted for pivotal movement on axes parallel to the plate.
  • the member 9 is provided with pivot means comprising coaxially aligned trunnions 11 which project from its opposite sides on an axis which lies in a vertical plane which is for best results as nearly as practicable midway between the pivot axes provided by the bolt Sbin the holes 17 and the fulcrum edge 15.
  • Any suitable stand or supporting structure S is provided for pivotally mounting the member 9 through its trunnions 11 engaged in suitable bearings 11a of the supporting structure.
  • the member 10 is supported pivotally on a horizontal transverse axis provided by aligned sidewardly projecting trunnions l2 engaging in bearings 12a provided by the supporting structure S.
  • the trunnions 12 are counterpart to the trunnions 11 and are located as nearly as practicable in a vertical plane midway between the pivot axes provided by the bolt 6b a and the holes 18a and the fulcrum edge 16.
  • Adjustable thrust means for effecting equal, pivotal respectively oppositely swinging synchronized adjustment of the members 9 and 10 to effect concave bending moment in the plate 1 comprise a thrust bar 13 extending from one of the members 9 and 10, herein the member 10, toward the member 9 and suitably coupled with a thrust screw 14 (FIGS. 1 and 5).
  • the bar 13 has one end freely engaged in a suitable socket 100 midway between the sides of the block 10 below the recess 6a, and with anti-rotation means in the form of a transverse pin 13a on the end portion of the bar lying in a transverse complementary groove 10b of the pivot block.
  • the bar 13 extends short of the member 10 and has a concave socket 13b within which a complementary convex tip 14a of the screw 14 engages.
  • the desired concave cylindrical axis bending of the plate 1 and more particularly the lapping surface 10 in the area between the bars 5 and 6 and controlled by the ribs 4 is easily and accurately uniformly attained by the simple elongation of the trust bar and screw assembly 13, 14 applying the members swinging force to their lower ends, and causing the fulcrum edges 15 and 16 to press upwardly on the end extremities of the lapping plate while the bolts 5b and 6b pull down on the plate through the bars 5 and 6.
  • the uniformly opposite and relatively large active rotation moments thus provided through the biasing members 9 and 10 enables the bending radius of the plate 1 to be adjusted between a flat condition and a radius of curvature within the elastic limits of the material of the plate 1 which may be to a radius of curvature as small as three meters so that the relatively larger radius of Smeters is easily accomplished within the permissible bending parameters of the plate.
  • the rotation axis of the members 9 and 10 as nearly as practicable midway between the points of application of the forces providing the bending moment in the plate, the danger of shearing forces developing in the plate during application of the bending moment is avoided.
  • bending moment members constructed in such a way that they have a generally bifurcated or fork shaped jaw structure to engage the opposite ends of the lapping plate 1 whereby rotation of the members would effect the bending moment.
  • a design of the bending moment means would have the disadvantage that the plateengaging structure would obstruct the lapping surface 1a whereas the arrangement just described in connection with the members 9 and 10 leaves the surface 1a entirely unobstructed.
  • the lapping plate 1' is substantially the same as the lapping plate 1 of FIG. 1 except to the extent modified as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the plate 1' is provided with an integral bar 20 at each end portion set inwardly from the respective end and provided with a short outwardly projecting leg 21 providing a ledge 210. This provides an upwardly facing fulcrum surface spaced inwardly and downwardly relative to the downwardly facing underside fulcrum surface adjacent to the near end edge of the plate 1'.
  • Bending moment force is effected by means of a pivotal member 22 which has an upwardly projecting fulcrum edge rib 23 to engage the underside of the plate 1 and a downwardly projecting fulcrum edge rib 24 to engage the fulcrum edge Zia. with pivot trunnions 11' located on an axis substantially midway between the fulcrum edges 23 and 24.
  • the bending moment members 22 for the lapping plate 1' are adapted to be mounted pivotally in the same manner as the members 9 and 10 and are adapted to be swung about the trunnions 11' by application of force to lower end portions of the members 22 located in advantageous leverage relation at a distance below the plate I and represented by the arrow 13.
  • a modified arrangement for applying bending moment wherein a wider spacing of the fulcrum points is provided for, includes a lapping plate 1" provided with an integral transverse stress bar 25 of an angular cross-sectional profile similar to the stress bar 20 in FIG. 2, but with a short free leg 26 directed inwardly generally away from the end edge of the plate 1" and providing an upwardly facing fulcrum ledge 26a.
  • a lapping plate 1" provided with an integral transverse stress bar 25 of an angular cross-sectional profile similar to the stress bar 20 in FIG. 2, but with a short free leg 26 directed inwardly generally away from the end edge of the plate 1" and providing an upwardly facing fulcrum ledge 26a.
  • a bending moment jaw member 27 extends upwardly under the associated end portion of the plate I and has a fulcrum ridge or edge ridge 28 engaging the underside of the plate adjacent the end edge to provide upward thrust when the member 27 is pivoted about horizontal axis trunnions 11" by force applied toward the right as indicated by the directional arrow 13".
  • Downward pull on the ledge 26a is effected by the member 27 through a downwardly facing fulcrum rib ridge edge 29 provided on an inward and upward extension portion 270 of the member 27 dimension to clear the ledge flange arm 26 as shown.
  • the pivotal axis provided by the trunnions 11 is located substantially midway between the fulcrum edges 28 and 29.
  • the lapping face la of the lapping plate may be used directly and without any intervening surface means as the lapping surface, the lapping compound being applied to such surface.
  • lapping activity causes the lapping face la to become worn and will require replacement of the lapping plate I. That involves a considerable amount of removal and installation time and requires readjustment of the desired concave bending surface radius of curvature.
  • the arrangement shown in FIG. 4 may be adopted.
  • the lapping plate 1" is in most respects the same as in FIG. 1, although the arrangements of FIGS. 2 and 3 may be employed if preferred.
  • the plate 1" is provided with the control means ribs 4" is provided with the control means ribs 4" between the stress b and 6".
  • the plate 1" differs from thr ously described plates in that replaceable lappi face means are provided comprising an under]; 31 and a lapping foil overlayment 32, both of comprise suitable sheet material. If preferred.
  • the lapping overlayment 32 may be applied directly to the of the plate 1" provided there are no uneveness as rivets or the like on the plate surface.
  • the plate 1" is provided with means to assure conformance of the lapping surface overlaymer sheet 32 to the precise concave contour of tI plate 1".
  • Suction means are provided desirably form of a grid of interconnected crossing grooves 30 in the lapping face of the plate I' s spaced apart and extending at about 45 angle longitudinal sides of the plate. These grooves c nicate in suitable manner with a system of due 33 in the plate.
  • the system of ducts is suitably c with one or more conduits 34 connected with a source (not shown).
  • the underlayment sheet 31 is desirab ably bounded to the face of the plate 1". It will derstood that as shown in FIG. 4 the sheets 31 are only partially illustrated to facilitate desc but will actually be coextensive with the applied the plate 1''. Through this arrangement.
  • panel or plate or foil 32 can be readily exchange out requiring any readjustment in the concave I moment of the plate 1".
  • a method according to claim 2 including 2 a perforated underlayment to said face, effecti uum suction through said underlayment, and r said lapping surface sheet replaceably on said underlayment by said vacuum suction.
  • a lapping device to provide a lapping face of large radius cylindrical curvature comprising:
  • an elongated lapping plate of resilient material having a normally flat lapping face
  • said means for applying bending moment force comprising respective jaw members connected to the opposite end portions of the plate;
  • said members being connected to said plate to thrust upwardly at the ends of the plate and to pull downwardly on the plate spaced inwardly from said ends;
  • a lapping device including a lapping surface sheet. and means for maintaining the sheet in conformity with the curvature of the lapping face comprising a vacuum system in the plate.
  • a device including a perforated underlayment applied directly to said lapping face. and said lapping surface sheet being applied to the underlayment and releasably retained thereon by the vacuum exerted through the underlayment.
  • a lapping device to provide a lapping face of large radius cylindrical curvature comprising:
  • an elongated lapping plate of resilient material having a normally flat lapping face
  • said means for applying bending moment force com prising a pair of complementary members supported rotatably on respective axes transverse to the longitudinal axis of the plate and parallel to the plane of said lapping face in its flat state;
  • said members having fulcrum edges engaging the plate closely adjacent to its respective opposite ends; said axes of the members being located inwardly from said edges and relative to said plate ends;
  • extensible thrusting means extending to and between the members and operable to rock the members about their axes in respectively opposite outward directions whereby said fulcrum edges thrust upwardly and said force transfer means pull down or the plate to effect said uniform cylindrical radius 0 curvature in said lapping face.
  • a device wherein the plan has adjacent to said area respective depending angu larly shaped stress bars providing upwardly facing ful crum ledges engaged by said members.
  • a method of producing a lapping face of large ra dius cylindrical curvature comprising:
  • a lapping device to provide a lapping face 0 large radius cylindrical curvature comprising:
  • an elongated lapping plate of resilient material having a normally flat lapping face: means for applying bending moment force simulta neously to opposite end portions of said elongate lapping plate within the elastic limits of the plate means in the area of the plate between said end por tions for controlling bending of the plate coinci dent with the application of bending moment fore thereto to control bending of the plate to cause sai lapping face to assume a uniform cylindrical radiu of curvature throughout said area;
  • a method according to claim 10. including apply ing a perforated underlayment to said face. effectin vacuum suction through said underlayment. and retair ing said lapping surface sheet replaceably on said ur derlayment by said vacuum suction.
  • a device including a pe forated underlayment applied directly to said lappin face. and said lapping surface sheet being applied to th underlayment and releasably retained thereon by th vacuum exerted through the underlayment.
  • a device wherein said plat is stiffly resilient.
  • said means for controlling bending said plate area comprise a set of integral transverse ril pa the opposite side of said plate from said lappir ace.
  • a device comprising r spective stress bars on said plate adjacent to said ril and providing means for connected with said bendir moment force applying jaw members.
  • la ping plate is a rectangular elongated stiffly resilie metal plate having a plurality of parallel controlling ri on the side opposite said face throughout said area.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
US386199A 1972-08-08 1973-08-06 Lapping device Expired - Lifetime US3879904A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722239073 DE2239073C3 (de) 1972-08-08 Läppvorrichtung

Publications (1)

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US3879904A true US3879904A (en) 1975-04-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US386199A Expired - Lifetime US3879904A (en) 1972-08-08 1973-08-06 Lapping device

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US (1) US3879904A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE803364A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2195931A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1368942A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT992819B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
LU (1) LU68165A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7310583A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4607464A (en) * 1984-11-13 1986-08-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Coated abrasive back up pad
US5947803A (en) * 1997-09-15 1999-09-07 Gruner; Glen A. Sander having a planar surface convertible to a right angular surface
US20050255803A1 (en) * 2004-05-13 2005-11-17 Powell David G Precision abrasive finishing apparatus
CN115302399A (zh) * 2022-08-30 2022-11-08 哈尔滨轴承集团有限公司 一种用于轴承内滚道精研的定心轴

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN119238358A (zh) * 2024-11-14 2025-01-03 中国航发西安动力控制科技有限公司 一种小球径内球面研磨加工装置及使用方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1291572A (en) * 1917-06-16 1919-01-14 William A Lorenz Disk-grinding machine.
US2374386A (en) * 1940-04-19 1945-04-24 Shakesby Leonard Manufacture of liquid containers
US2508128A (en) * 1943-03-02 1950-05-16 Superflex Plywood Corp Method of producing composite plates or sheets
US3123947A (en) * 1964-03-10 Forming tool
US3305976A (en) * 1964-05-07 1967-02-28 Data Products Corp Lapping method and apparatus
US3685216A (en) * 1970-01-14 1972-08-22 Honeywell Inc Slider bearing surface generation

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3123947A (en) * 1964-03-10 Forming tool
US1291572A (en) * 1917-06-16 1919-01-14 William A Lorenz Disk-grinding machine.
US2374386A (en) * 1940-04-19 1945-04-24 Shakesby Leonard Manufacture of liquid containers
US2508128A (en) * 1943-03-02 1950-05-16 Superflex Plywood Corp Method of producing composite plates or sheets
US3305976A (en) * 1964-05-07 1967-02-28 Data Products Corp Lapping method and apparatus
US3685216A (en) * 1970-01-14 1972-08-22 Honeywell Inc Slider bearing surface generation

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4607464A (en) * 1984-11-13 1986-08-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Coated abrasive back up pad
US5947803A (en) * 1997-09-15 1999-09-07 Gruner; Glen A. Sander having a planar surface convertible to a right angular surface
US20050255803A1 (en) * 2004-05-13 2005-11-17 Powell David G Precision abrasive finishing apparatus
CN115302399A (zh) * 2022-08-30 2022-11-08 哈尔滨轴承集团有限公司 一种用于轴承内滚道精研的定心轴

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1368942A (en) 1974-10-02
IT992819B (it) 1975-09-30
BE803364A (fr) 1974-02-08
LU68165A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-02-12
FR2195931A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-03-08
NL7310583A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-02-12
DE2239073B2 (de) 1976-08-26
DE2239073A1 (de) 1974-02-21

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