US3878592A - Molybdenum nickel chromium bonded titanium carbide - Google Patents
Molybdenum nickel chromium bonded titanium carbide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3878592A US3878592A US210657A US21065771A US3878592A US 3878592 A US3878592 A US 3878592A US 210657 A US210657 A US 210657A US 21065771 A US21065771 A US 21065771A US 3878592 A US3878592 A US 3878592A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- molybdenum
- chromium
- nickel
- percent
- titanium carbide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium molybdenum nickel Chemical group [Cr].[Ni].[Mo] OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 MOLYBDENUM CARBIDES Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical class [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1lambda4,2lambda4-dimolybdacyclopropa-1,2,3-triene Chemical compound [Mo]=C=[Mo] QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910039444 MoC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000856 hastalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-AKLPVKDBSA-N oxygen-19 atom Chemical compound [19O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-AKLPVKDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003921 particle size analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/10—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on titanium carbide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/27—Cutters, for shaping comprising tool of specific chemical composition
Definitions
- This invention is predicated upon the fact that the thermal performance of titanium carbide cutting tools can be enormously improved by substituting chromium for a portion of the nickel in the nickel molybdenum binding alloy. Optimum results have been obtained by replacing between 40 and I percent of the nickel in the bonding alloy by chromium.
- the chromium will be added to the powder mix before compaction and may be added as elemental chromium.
- chromium carbide. a solid solution of chromium carbide in titanium carbide. a nickel alloy. or any mixture of these sources of chromium.
- a typical cutting tool produced by this invention comprises 22:5 percent nickel. 10.0 percent molybdenum. five percent chromium with the remainder titanium carbide and incidental impurities.
- the binding alloys were added as approximately five micron powder.
- a titanium carbide powder composition having the following analysis was chosen as the base material:
- the grinding operations were conducted in a Hastelloy B mill containing titanium carbide base balls. acetone being added to inhibit oxidation ofthe charge during the 96 hour milling period. After milling the acetone was evaporated and four percent wax binder was added. Upon drying the powder was pressed in a steel die at a pressure of about l0 tons per square inch.
- the cold pressed compacts were presintered in a hydrogen ambient at l.2()0 Fahrenheit for 1 hour to dewax the specimens.
- Final sintering was performed on an inert stool and in an inert ambient at 2.500 Fahrenheit for l hour in an induction furnace. An absolute pressure of about 0.] to 1.0 microns was maintained in the furnace although any suitable inert ambient will be satisfactory. Additional suitable inert ambients are dry hydrogen. argon or helium.
- the sintering temperature is. of course. a function of sintering time. the time being shortened as the temperature is raised. In any event the sintering temperature should not exceed 2.700 Fahrenheit to avoid substantial grain growth. The time and temperature of sintering must be adjusted so that the grain size of the titanium carbide in the finished article is not substantially larger than approximately five microns.
- the initial binding alloy contain at least 10 percent of molybdenum to take advantage of the ability of this metal to cause alloys containing it to wet the surface of the hard titanium carbide particles.
- the titanium carbide employed in these cutting tools prior to sintering should be effectively free of molybdenum carbides in solid solution.
- the mechanism of the improvement appears to be as follows.
- the performance of these modified tools is particularly improved in making roughing or intermittent cuts where the actual cutting edge of the tool is rapidly and intermittently heated and cooled.
- These thermal excursions of the cutting tool edge are due to the fact that at least a portion of the cutting edge of the tool is out of actual contact with the work during a. portion of a revolution of the work piece due to casting defects. nonconcentricity of parts of the work piece with the axis of the cutting machine. or cutting across depressions deliberately provided such as key ways.
- All of the tool edge actually and instantaneously engaged in cutting becomes highly heated by cutting friction. As a portion or all of the cutting edge becomes disengaged momentarily from the work it becomes exposed to the quenching effect of the cutting coolant or the self-quenching effect of the adjacent cool parts of the tool. These repeated thermal excursions of the tool edge cause the metal to expand and cause stress beyond the yield point resulting in permanent deformation or strain. These cumulative repeated plastic deformations of the tool edge result in premature failure of the tool.
- FIG. 1 of the drawings is a slightly magnified photograph of a conventional titanium carbide cutting tool which has failed by repeated thermal strain. Note the destruction of the working tip of the tool.
- FIG. 2 also depicts a conventional titanium carbide cutting tool at an earlier stage of failure. Note that this cutting tool exhibits severe thermal cracking and that the cracks are disposed both normal to the cutting edge and parallel to the cutting edge. It is the presence of the cracks parallel to the cutting edge which promotes catastrophic failure of the tool bit.
- This drawing shows an unmodified titanium base tool containing as bonding metals 17.5 percent nickel and nine percent molybdenum. This particular tool had machined one hundred automotive rear axle pinion gears in a rough turning and facing operation.
- FIG. 3 shows the crack pattern obtained on the same base composition modified by the presence of chromium. the chromium was present to the extent of percent of the nickel content.
- This tool was employed in the same machining operation of the rear axle pinion gears and at the same machining operation of the rear axle pinion gears and at the time the photograph was taken had machined two hundred pieces or twice as many as the tool shown in FIG. 2. Attention is especially invited to the fact that in this tool the thermal cracks are oriented only normally to the edge of the cutting tool instead of normal and parallel to the edge as shown in FIG. 2. The tool in FIG. 3 is still in operable condition. The absence of cracks parallel to the edge of the tool makes the decrepitation of the bit much less likely to occur.
- An admixture for making a hard sintered metallic cutting tool highly resistant to thermal shock and wear comprising:
- a base particulate constituent consisting essentially of titanium carbide and being free of detrimental quantities of nitrides and oxides and further being essentially free of dissolved molybdenum. molyb-.
- a binder constituent comprising l0-50 percent of the admixture and consisting essentially ofa particulate having elements selected from the iron group.
- nickel elemental chromium and molybdenum said elemental chromium being present in the binder as chromium or chromium carbide compounds or a mixture thereof and being present in a weight amount between 10-40 percent of said nickel. and said molybdenum being present as molybdenum or molybdenum compounds in an amount between 25-70 percent of said nickel.
- An admixture for making a hard sintered metallic cutting tool highly resistant to thermal shock and wear comprising:
- a base particulate constituent consisting essentially of titanium carbide and being free of detrimental quantities of nitrides and oxides and further being essentially free of dissolved molybdenum and molybdenum carbides.
- a binder constituent comprising 10-50 percent of the admixture and consisting essentially ofa particulate having elemental or combined forms of nickel.
- chromium and molybdenum the chromium form being present in the binder in an amount measured as elemental chromium in the range between l0-40 percent of said nickel form. and said molybdenum form being present in an amount between 25-70 percent of said nickel form and said binder.
- a sintered metallic cutting tool as in claim 1. in which said tool is sintered at a temperature not in excess of 2.700 F. thereby maintaining thegrain size of the titanium carbide base material at a size equal to or less than 5 microns.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Priority Applications (13)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US210657A US3878592A (en) | 1971-12-22 | 1971-12-22 | Molybdenum nickel chromium bonded titanium carbide |
| ZA727372A ZA727372B (en) | 1971-12-22 | 1972-10-16 | Molybdenum nickel chromium bonded titanium carbide |
| CA154,511A CA968545A (en) | 1971-12-22 | 1972-10-17 | Molybdenum nickel chromium bonded titanium carbide |
| AU47987/72A AU464372B2 (en) | 1971-12-22 | 1972-10-20 | Method of making a ferrous workpiece using a cutting bit of molybdenum nickel chromium bonded titanium carbide |
| IT53826/72A IT973402B (it) | 1971-12-22 | 1972-11-06 | Procedimento per la realizzazione di tagli di sgrossatura o inter mittenti su pezzi in lavorazione di metalli ferrosi |
| BR008465/72A BR7208465D0 (pt) | 1971-12-22 | 1972-12-01 | Processo para desbastar ou cortar intermitentemente uma peca de metal ferroso |
| GB5772872A GB1357680A (en) | 1971-12-22 | 1972-12-14 | Method of maching a ferrous workpiece using a cutting bit of molybdenum nickel chromium bonded titanium carbide |
| IL41090A IL41090A (en) | 1971-12-22 | 1972-12-14 | A process of making a roughing or intermittent cut upon a ferrous metal work piece |
| SE7216617A SE392916B (sv) | 1971-12-22 | 1972-12-19 | Sintrad, metallisk presskropp innehallande karbider, samt komposition for framstellning av presskroppen |
| FR7245407A FR2165624A5 (enExample) | 1971-12-22 | 1972-12-20 | |
| DE19722262533 DE2262533B2 (de) | 1971-12-22 | 1972-12-21 | Verwendung eines karbid-hartmetalls zur herstellung von schneideinsaetzenden fuer die spanende bearbeitung von metallischen, insbesondere eisenhaltigen, werkstuecken |
| AR245773A AR195992A1 (es) | 1971-12-22 | 1972-12-21 | Compacto metalico sinterizado duro |
| JP47128349A JPS4870604A (enExample) | 1971-12-22 | 1972-12-22 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US210657A US3878592A (en) | 1971-12-22 | 1971-12-22 | Molybdenum nickel chromium bonded titanium carbide |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3878592A true US3878592A (en) | 1975-04-22 |
Family
ID=22783745
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US210657A Expired - Lifetime US3878592A (en) | 1971-12-22 | 1971-12-22 | Molybdenum nickel chromium bonded titanium carbide |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3878592A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS4870604A (enExample) |
| AR (1) | AR195992A1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU464372B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR7208465D0 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA968545A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2262533B2 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2165624A5 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1357680A (enExample) |
| IL (1) | IL41090A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT973402B (enExample) |
| SE (1) | SE392916B (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA727372B (enExample) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4019874A (en) * | 1975-11-24 | 1977-04-26 | Ford Motor Company | Cemented titanium carbide tool for intermittent cutting application |
| US4983212A (en) * | 1987-10-26 | 1991-01-08 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Cermet alloys and composite mechanical parts made by employing them |
| US5328763A (en) * | 1993-02-03 | 1994-07-12 | Kennametal Inc. | Spray powder for hardfacing and part with hardfacing |
| US5468278A (en) * | 1992-11-11 | 1995-11-21 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Cermet alloy |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2269182B (en) * | 1992-06-08 | 1996-09-04 | Nippon Tungsten | Titanium-base hard sintered alloy |
| RU2218448C2 (ru) * | 2000-12-29 | 2003-12-10 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Дальневосточная технология" | Способ изготовления твердосплавных изделий с переменной микротвердостью поверхностных слоев |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3215510A (en) * | 1963-10-02 | 1965-11-02 | Gen Electric | Alloy |
| US3480410A (en) * | 1968-05-15 | 1969-11-25 | Fansteel Inc | Wc-crc-co sintered composite |
| US3507631A (en) * | 1968-07-17 | 1970-04-21 | Du Pont | Nitride-refractory metal cutting tools |
| US3552937A (en) * | 1968-02-10 | 1971-01-05 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Sintered alloys of a chromium carbide-tungsten carbide-nickel system |
| US3551991A (en) * | 1969-04-16 | 1971-01-05 | Gen Electric | Infiltrated cemented carbides |
-
1971
- 1971-12-22 US US210657A patent/US3878592A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1972
- 1972-10-16 ZA ZA727372A patent/ZA727372B/xx unknown
- 1972-10-17 CA CA154,511A patent/CA968545A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-10-20 AU AU47987/72A patent/AU464372B2/en not_active Expired
- 1972-11-06 IT IT53826/72A patent/IT973402B/it active
- 1972-12-01 BR BR008465/72A patent/BR7208465D0/pt unknown
- 1972-12-14 IL IL41090A patent/IL41090A/xx unknown
- 1972-12-14 GB GB5772872A patent/GB1357680A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-12-19 SE SE7216617A patent/SE392916B/xx unknown
- 1972-12-20 FR FR7245407A patent/FR2165624A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-12-21 AR AR245773A patent/AR195992A1/es active
- 1972-12-21 DE DE19722262533 patent/DE2262533B2/de not_active Ceased
- 1972-12-22 JP JP47128349A patent/JPS4870604A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3215510A (en) * | 1963-10-02 | 1965-11-02 | Gen Electric | Alloy |
| US3552937A (en) * | 1968-02-10 | 1971-01-05 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Sintered alloys of a chromium carbide-tungsten carbide-nickel system |
| US3480410A (en) * | 1968-05-15 | 1969-11-25 | Fansteel Inc | Wc-crc-co sintered composite |
| US3507631A (en) * | 1968-07-17 | 1970-04-21 | Du Pont | Nitride-refractory metal cutting tools |
| US3551991A (en) * | 1969-04-16 | 1971-01-05 | Gen Electric | Infiltrated cemented carbides |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4019874A (en) * | 1975-11-24 | 1977-04-26 | Ford Motor Company | Cemented titanium carbide tool for intermittent cutting application |
| US4983212A (en) * | 1987-10-26 | 1991-01-08 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Cermet alloys and composite mechanical parts made by employing them |
| US5468278A (en) * | 1992-11-11 | 1995-11-21 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Cermet alloy |
| US5328763A (en) * | 1993-02-03 | 1994-07-12 | Kennametal Inc. | Spray powder for hardfacing and part with hardfacing |
| WO1994017940A1 (en) * | 1993-02-03 | 1994-08-18 | Kennametal Inc. | Spray powder for hardfacing and part with hardfacing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE392916B (sv) | 1977-04-25 |
| IT973402B (it) | 1974-06-10 |
| DE2262533B2 (de) | 1976-01-22 |
| AU4798772A (en) | 1974-04-26 |
| JPS4870604A (enExample) | 1973-09-25 |
| AR195992A1 (es) | 1973-11-23 |
| GB1357680A (en) | 1974-06-26 |
| AU464372B2 (en) | 1975-08-21 |
| IL41090A0 (en) | 1973-02-28 |
| FR2165624A5 (enExample) | 1973-08-03 |
| BR7208465D0 (pt) | 1973-08-30 |
| CA968545A (en) | 1975-06-03 |
| DE2262533A1 (de) | 1973-07-19 |
| ZA727372B (en) | 1973-07-25 |
| IL41090A (en) | 1975-08-31 |
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