US3876152A - Noncoking fuel injection nozzle - Google Patents

Noncoking fuel injection nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
US3876152A
US3876152A US609178A US60917867A US3876152A US 3876152 A US3876152 A US 3876152A US 609178 A US609178 A US 609178A US 60917867 A US60917867 A US 60917867A US 3876152 A US3876152 A US 3876152A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
valve
nozzle
pressure
plunger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US609178A
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English (en)
Inventor
Vernon D Roosa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stanadyne Automotive Corp
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US609178A priority Critical patent/US3876152A/en
Priority to GB0422/68A priority patent/GB1217727A/en
Priority to SE00379/68A priority patent/SE337508B/xx
Priority to JP43001376A priority patent/JPS5021605B1/ja
Priority to ES349200A priority patent/ES349200A1/es
Priority to FR1552396D priority patent/FR1552396A/fr
Priority to DE1601414A priority patent/DE1601414C3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3876152A publication Critical patent/US3876152A/en
Assigned to MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY, AS AGENT reassignment MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY, AS AGENT SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP.
Assigned to STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP., A CORP. OF DE reassignment STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP., A CORP. OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: STANADYNE, INC.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to STANADYNE INC. reassignment STANADYNE INC. RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Assignors: CHEMICAL BANK, AS SUCCESSOR IN INTEREST TO MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type

Definitions

  • the plunger or valve is lifted from its seat by the pressure of the fuel delivered to the nozzle from an associated high pressure pump in measured quantities or charges.
  • Each charge of fuel is discharged from the nozzle into a combustion chamber of an associated engine to operate the engine at the desired speed and torque, and the discharge of the charge from the nozzle is timed to take place when the air in the combustion chamber is compressed and continues after ignition of the fuel begins.
  • the nozzle incorporates a biasing spring to hold the valve against the valve seat and to reseat the valve after the charge is discharged into the cylinder when the combustion pressure within the cylinder increases substantially.
  • a primary object of this invention is to provide a nozzle capable of preventing such entry of combustion gases.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a nozzle capable of maintaining the pressure of the fuel within the nozzle adjacent the valve seat at least equal to the combustion pressures within the cylinder during the closing of the valve.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a nozzle constructed and arranged to provide differential hydraulic pressures between the inlet and discharge ends of the nozzle sufficient to reseat the valve without the reverse flow of combustion gases into the nozzle.
  • a still further object of this invention is to provide a fuel injection nozzle in which the valve serves as a pump to provide a desired pressure of the fuel at the discharge end of the nozzle during the reseating of the valve.
  • FIG. I is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a fuel injection nozzle embodying the present invention in conjunction with a schematic illustration of an associated high pressure pump for delivering measured charges of fuel to the nozzle;
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines 33 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines 4-4 of FIG. 1.
  • the exemplary nozzle shown therein and embodying the present invention is generally similar to that illustrated in my aforementioned prior U.S. Pat. No. 3,224,684 and includes an elongated generally tubular body member 10, having a nozzle tip 12 rigidly fixed at one end thereof, and a central longitudinal bore 14 extending throughout its length. Located within the central bore 14 is a rod-like plunger stem or valve 16 which cooperates with a valve seat 18 formed in the nozzle tip 12 to control the discharge of fuel from the nozzle body I0.
  • the nozzle is provided with a fuel inlet 24 communicating with the bore 14 of the nozzle body 10 for delivery of high pressure fuel thereto adjacent the guide from an associated high pressure fuel pump 26.
  • the upper end of the valve 16 is provided with a partispherical surface 25 which swivelly engages a spring seat 28 having a complementary partispherical surface.
  • the other end of the spring 22 is similarly provided with a spring seat 30 which swivelly engages an annular washer 32 with the washer 32 and the spring seat 30 providing complementary partispherical engaging surfaces to accommodate any lack of squareness of the ends of the spring 22 or axial misalignment between the valve 16 and the annular washer 32.
  • the annular washer 32 is seated against the end of an externally and internally threaded longitudinally slotted retainer sleeve 34 the external threads 35 of which are threadably received in the internal mating threads 36 of the tubular body 10.
  • the internal threads 38 of retainer sleeve 34 threadably receive an externally threaded pin 40 providing an adjustable lift stop for the valve I6.
  • the nozzle valve opening pressure may be adjusted as desired by merely turning the retainer sleeve 34 in or out until the desired biasing force is provided by the spring 22, and the valve lift may be independently adjusted by axially adjusting the pin 40 with re spect to the retainer sleeve 34.
  • Lock nut 46 which is threaded on the external threads 35 of the retainer sleeve 34 is tightened against the end shoulder 48 of the tubular body 10 to maintain the retainer sleeve 34 and the lift stop pin 40 in adjusted position.
  • the charge pump 26 illustrated schematically in FIG. I is of the type more fully described in my prior U.S. Pat. No. 3,204,622 issued Sept. 7, 1965 and entitled Fuel Injection Pump Timing Device.” It is sufficient to say for the purpose of describing this invention that the pump 26 includes a pair of pistons 50 which are reciprocated radially as the rotor 52 is rotated in timed relation with the associated engine through intermediate roller shoes 54 and rollers 56 which engage diametrically opposed cam lobes 58 of relatively stationary cam 60 to pressurize the measured quantity or charge of fuel within the chamber 62 of the charge pump. As more fully explained in the aforesaid U.S. Pat. No. 3,204,622, the delivery passage 64 of pump 26 registers with the rotor outlet passage 65 from the charge pump chamber 62 to deliver the highly pressurized measured charge of fuel to inlet 24 of the charge pump.
  • the pressurized fuel delivered to the inlet 24 by the charge pump increases the pressure of the fuel within the bore 14 and acts on the areas 66 and 68 of the valve 16.
  • the force exerted thereby is sufficient to overcome the bias of spring 22 to move the valve 16 upwardly, the charge of fuel is discharged through the orifices in the nozzle tip 12.
  • the portion 16b (FIG. 3) of the valve 16 is shown as having a diameter which is less than that of guide portion 160 (FIG. 4).
  • a drop of pressure at the inlet 24 reduces the resultant hydraulic force acting on the differential area of surface 66 over opposed area 67.
  • the pressure in the chamber 140 acting on the area 68 and the tip of the valve 16 becomes the dominating factor in the total hydraulic force opposing the bias of spring 22.
  • means forming a hydraulic restriction effective to restrict the reverse flow of fuel from the chamber 140 to the inlet 24 are provided,
  • a hydraulic restriction is provided by intentionally constructing and dimensioning the annular passageway between the portion l6b of the valve and the bore 14 to effect a predetermined amount of restriction to the reverse flow of fuel from the chamber 14a toward the fuel inlet 24 during the reseating of the valve.
  • the tip of the valve 16 displaces a quantity of the fuel within the chamber 14a corresponding to the diameter of valve portion 16b multiplied by the longitudinal movement of the valve 16 during reseating. Since the total hydraulic force acting on surface 66 adjacent the inlet 24 and the tip of the valve within chamber 140 are opposed by the spring 22, it will be apparent that as the spring reseats the valve, the valve acts as a pump to pressurize the fuel in the chamber 140 at a level deter mined by the rate of discharge of the fuel from cham ber 14a.
  • the dimensions of the annular fuel passageway between the chamber 140 and the inlet 24 may be so constructed and arranged to maintain or provide any desired fuel pressure in the chamber 140 during the reseating of the valve by providing the desired restriction rate of flow from the chamber 14a to the inlet 24 dur ing reseating.
  • the valve 16 under the bias of spring 22 serves as a pump to continue the pressure in the chamber 140 at any de sired pressure until valve 16 is reseated. Where such pressure is equal to or greater than the effective cylinder pressures during the interval of reseating of the valve 16, the entry of combustion gases into the tip of the valve adjacent the seat 18 is prevented.
  • the pressure in the chamber 14a may be maintained at a higher level than cylinder pressure during the reseating of valve 16 to prevent combustion gases from entering the discharge orifices of the nozzle. This eliminates the possibility of deposits of tacky and tar-like carbonaceous components of the gases within the nozzle and on the valve seat.
  • this invention provides a fuel nozzle which will prevent the entry of combustion gases into the nozzle by maintaining the pressure of the fuel in the nozzle adjacent the nozzle tip at the desired level until the valve is fully reseated under the influence of the biasing spring.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US609178A 1967-01-13 1967-01-13 Noncoking fuel injection nozzle Expired - Lifetime US3876152A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US609178A US3876152A (en) 1967-01-13 1967-01-13 Noncoking fuel injection nozzle
GB0422/68A GB1217727A (en) 1967-01-13 1968-01-10 Internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle
SE00379/68A SE337508B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1967-01-13 1968-01-11
ES349200A ES349200A1 (es) 1967-01-13 1968-01-12 Perfeccionamientos en toberas de inyeccion de combustible para motores de combustion interna.
JP43001376A JPS5021605B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1967-01-13 1968-01-12
FR1552396D FR1552396A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1967-01-13 1968-01-12
DE1601414A DE1601414C3 (de) 1967-01-13 1968-01-12 Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse für Brennkraftmaschinen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US609178A US3876152A (en) 1967-01-13 1967-01-13 Noncoking fuel injection nozzle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3876152A true US3876152A (en) 1975-04-08

Family

ID=24439665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US609178A Expired - Lifetime US3876152A (en) 1967-01-13 1967-01-13 Noncoking fuel injection nozzle

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3876152A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
JP (1) JPS5021605B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE1601414C3 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
ES (1) ES349200A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
FR (1) FR1552396A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB (1) GB1217727A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
SE (1) SE337508B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4030668A (en) * 1976-06-17 1977-06-21 The Bendix Corporation Electromagnetically operated fuel injection valve
US4057190A (en) * 1976-06-17 1977-11-08 Bendix Corporation Fuel break-up disc for injection valve
US20180010564A1 (en) * 2015-01-30 2018-01-11 Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd. Fuel injection valve

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4001103C2 (de) * 1990-01-17 1994-04-28 Daimler Benz Ag Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für luftverdichtende direkteinspritzende Brennkraftmaschinen

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2592111A (en) * 1948-12-30 1952-04-08 Bischof Bernhard Injector for internal-combustion engines
US3159350A (en) * 1961-03-06 1964-12-01 Bendix Corp Fuel injection valve device
US3224684A (en) * 1963-04-16 1965-12-21 Hartford Machine Screw Co Fuel injection nozzle
US3255974A (en) * 1964-08-17 1966-06-14 Hartford Machine Screw Co Fuel injection nozzle
US3348520A (en) * 1965-09-16 1967-10-24 Lockwood Tech Applicator system for hot melt adhesive and the like

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2592111A (en) * 1948-12-30 1952-04-08 Bischof Bernhard Injector for internal-combustion engines
US3159350A (en) * 1961-03-06 1964-12-01 Bendix Corp Fuel injection valve device
US3224684A (en) * 1963-04-16 1965-12-21 Hartford Machine Screw Co Fuel injection nozzle
US3255974A (en) * 1964-08-17 1966-06-14 Hartford Machine Screw Co Fuel injection nozzle
US3348520A (en) * 1965-09-16 1967-10-24 Lockwood Tech Applicator system for hot melt adhesive and the like

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4030668A (en) * 1976-06-17 1977-06-21 The Bendix Corporation Electromagnetically operated fuel injection valve
US4057190A (en) * 1976-06-17 1977-11-08 Bendix Corporation Fuel break-up disc for injection valve
US20180010564A1 (en) * 2015-01-30 2018-01-11 Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd. Fuel injection valve
US10415527B2 (en) * 2015-01-30 2019-09-17 Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd. Fuel injection valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1601414C3 (de) 1981-09-17
JPS5021605B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1975-07-24
DE1601414A1 (de) 1970-10-29
SE337508B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1971-08-09
GB1217727A (en) 1970-12-31
DE1601414B2 (de) 1980-11-27
FR1552396A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1969-01-03
ES349200A1 (es) 1969-04-01

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AS Assignment

Owner name: MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY, AS AGENT

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP.;REEL/FRAME:005046/0096

Effective date: 19890210

AS Assignment

Owner name: STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP., A CORP. OF DE, CONNECT

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:STANADYNE, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005130/0582

Effective date: 19890210

AS Assignment

Owner name: STANADYNE INC., CONNECTICUT

Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CHEMICAL BANK, AS SUCCESSOR IN INTEREST TO MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:007308/0169

Effective date: 19950201