US3871360A - Timing biological imaging, measuring, and therapeutic timing systems - Google Patents

Timing biological imaging, measuring, and therapeutic timing systems Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3871360A
US3871360A US383707A US38370773A US3871360A US 3871360 A US3871360 A US 3871360A US 383707 A US383707 A US 383707A US 38370773 A US38370773 A US 38370773A US 3871360 A US3871360 A US 3871360A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
timing
cardiac
circuitry means
respiratory
circuitry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US383707A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Horn Joseph M Van
Paul Epstein
Patrick G Phillipps
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BRATTLE INSTRUMENT CORP
MEDICAL ELECTRONICS CORP
Original Assignee
BRATTLE INSTRUMENT CORP
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BRATTLE INSTRUMENT CORP filed Critical BRATTLE INSTRUMENT CORP
Priority to US383707A priority Critical patent/US3871360A/en
Priority to GB2008574A priority patent/GB1444651A/en
Priority to CA203,313A priority patent/CA1031040A/en
Priority to IT69247/74A priority patent/IT1016595B/it
Priority to FR7425034A priority patent/FR2239229B1/fr
Priority to JP49084526A priority patent/JPS5043782A/ja
Priority to DE2436696A priority patent/DE2436696A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3871360A publication Critical patent/US3871360A/en
Assigned to MEDICAL ELECTRONICS CORPORATION reassignment MEDICAL ELECTRONICS CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: BANK OF NEW ENGLAND, N.A.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/54—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/541—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis involving acquisition triggered by a physiological signal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Measuring devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/085—Measuring impedance of respiratory organs or lung elasticity
    • A61B5/086—Measuring impedance of respiratory organs or lung elasticity by impedance pneumography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/161—Applications in the field of nuclear medicine, e.g. in vivo counting
    • G01T1/164—Scintigraphy
    • G01T1/1641—Static instruments for imaging the distribution of radioactivity in one or two dimensions using one or several scintillating elements; Radio-isotope cameras
    • G01T1/1648—Ancillary equipment for scintillation cameras, e.g. reference markers, devices for removing motion artifacts, calibration devices

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [52] U.S. Cl l28/2.05 R, 128/206 R, 128/208, System for timing biological imaging measuring or 128/2'1 Z therapeutic apparatus in accordance with selected clhus. p y i l gi States of a j featuring in various [5 1 mid of 128/1 aspects generation of respiratory windows on the basis [28/206 I of processed electrical signals derived from prior res- 340/279 piration history, digital offset correction circuitry for the respiratory signals, and generation of cardiac tim- [56] uNlTE g ggiz gs gliqrENTs ing signals on the basis of prior cardiac cycle history.
  • This invention relates to timing biological imaging, measuring, or therapeutic systems (in the broad sense, including, e.g., an X-ray machine or a nuclear camera) in accordance with the respiratory and cardiac states of the body.
  • Accurate timing is important for many reasons, including for obtaining images or measurements that are not blurred by heart or lung motion, and for making possible precise and reproduceable comparisons of images or measurements taken at different physiological states.
  • the invention provides highly refined monitoring of the respiratory and cardiac cycles, and makes possible very accurate and automatic timing to a selected physiological state, with equipment that is reliable, easily operated by an unskilled technician, and not unduly costly or complex. Timing accuracy is achieved, with respect to the respiratory state, despite impedance variations over time and from patient to patient that far exceed variations within a breathing cycle, and, with respect to cardiac state, despite normal beat to beat rate variations.
  • the invention features, in one aspect, input circuitry for providing electrical signals representative of the respiratory cycles of the subject, and respiratory timing circuitry for processing the electrical signals and for generating a succession of windows corresponding to selected portions of successive respiratory cycles, including means for basing the generation of each window in a given cycle upon the results of the processing of electrical signals derived from respiration prior to the given cycle.
  • the invention features input circuitry for providing electrical signals representative of the cardiac cycle of the subject, and cardiac timing circuitry for producing a succession of timing signals corresponding to selected points in successive cardiac cycles, the timing circuitry including interval circuitry for generating a succession of interval values corresponding to the lengths of successive cardiac cycles, and timing signal circuitry for generating each cardiac timing signal at a time dependent upon a constant value plus a fraction of the interval for the next previous cardiac cycle.
  • the invention features digitaloffset correction circuitry for automatically causing electrical signals respresentative of respiratory cycles to be within a predetermined range, including limit detection circuitry for providing a signal when the respiratory signal is outside the range, digital means for providing pulses in the presence of a signal from the detection circuitry, a counter for counting the pulses, and an offset generator for generating an offset voltage dependent upon the count in the counter.
  • a majority of the respiratory windows are of duration sufficient to span a plurality of the cardiac timing signals;
  • the respiratory timing circuitry includes means for generating values respectively representative of maximum and minimum expiration within a respiratory cycle, and respiratory state definition circuitry for generating the windows in a manner dependent upon both those values;
  • a recorder provides a synchronous display of cardiac cycle, respiratory state, and the timing of the output control signals;
  • the input cicuitry generates digital pulses corresponding to occurrences of QRS complexes, and the cardiac timing circuitry generates cardiac timing signals each at a time subsequent to the QRS complex equal to a constant value plus a fraction of the interval value for the next previous cardiac cycle, the constant value being a timing constant related to the refractory time of the heart muscle minus half the width of the cardiac timing pulses;
  • the timing signal circuitry includes means for changing in successive cardiac cycles the fraction of the interval value upon which the respective timing signal is based; arrythmia detection circuitry is provided for detecting cardiac arrythmia by
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the use of a synchronizer embodying the invention to time a nuclear camera
  • FIGS. 2-4 are block diagrams showing the details of the synchronizer of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 illustrates typical waveforms associated with the patient and the synchronizer.
  • FIG. 1 shows the synchronizer of the invention in a system including a nuclear camera 10.
  • the synchronizer l2 detects respiratory and cardiac signals through silver-silver chloride ECG electrodes 14 attached midline to the patients fifth or sixth intercostal space and controls logic 16 to gate signals from radiation detector 18 to CRT display 20 whenever systole occurs during expiration in the respiratory cycle. Successive signals are integrated in the display, and the integration over a period of time is photographed by the camera.
  • electrodes 14 are connected to impedance plethysmograph 30, which passes a small (e.g., KHz) current through the electrodes and detects the change in the patients transthoracic impedance, which is proportional to respiration.
  • the output of the plethysmograph, an analog voltage proportional to respiration is fed to a positive peak voltage detector 32, a negative peak voltage detector 34, and a digital offset correction circuit 36.
  • Circuitry 36 consists of two analog comparators 38 and 40 which function as preset high and low voltage limit detectors.
  • the limit detectors drive a binary updown counter 42 which in turn drives a digital to analog converter 44.
  • the output of converter 44 goes to the plethysmograph as an offset correction signal which is added to the plethysmograph output to bring the output into the desired operating range, which is chosen to be sufficiently wide to accommodate signal excursion within the respiration cycle. More particularly, if the output voltage of the plethysmograph is above the desired operating range, detector 38 gates pulses into the up count input 46 of counter 42. As the counter counts up, the output of converter 44, a negative voltage proportional in magnitude to the value in the counter, goes more negative.
  • detector 40 gates pulses into the down count input 48 of the counter.
  • the offset correction signal from converter 44 becomes less negative and again the plethysmograph output is brought into the desired range.
  • Periodically (e.g., every seconds) counter 42 is incremented by clock 49 one bit to produce a slow downward drift of the base line signal. If the signal crosses the lower limit of the desired range detector 40 is activated and gates a single pulse to the down count input 48 to restore the counter to its former state.
  • the digital circuitry allows the plethysmograph to pass the slowly varying respiratory signal yet respond quickly when the signal is out of range, and eliminates the need for the operator to make an otherwise critical and frequent adjustment, since impedance variations over time and from patient to patient far exceed the variations within a respiratory cycle.
  • Detectors 32 and 34 respectively detect and store the most positive and most negative recent excursions of the respiratory signal, and decay over time to track signals which become smaller or vary in their voltage excursions. Weighted fractions of the peak positive and negative signals are sent respectively to the positive and negative threshold detect circuits 50 and 52, which also receive the analog respiratory signal directly from the plethysmograph. If the analog respiratory signal exceeds 0.8 times the positive peak voltage plus 0.2 times the negative peak voltage the patient is defined as being in expiration. If the analog signal is less than 0.8 times the negative peak voltage plus 0.2 times the positive peak voltage, the patient is defined as being in inspiration.
  • the threshold detect circuits thus generate windows 54, 56 (FIG.
  • the threshold detect circuits prevents the outputs from changing state if the analog respiratory signal has small voltage deviations due to irregular respiration or patient motion. For example, the analog respiratory signal has to drop to 0.7 times the positive peak voltage plus 0.2 times the negative peak voltage to turn off the positive threshold detect signal. Similarly, the signal has to exceed 0.7 times the negative peak voltage plus 0.2 times the positive peak voltage to turn off the negative threshold detect once it has been activated.
  • the hysteresis also forces the threshold circuits to generate symmetrical output pulses with respect to time for a symmetrical input signal.
  • the impedance plethysmograph and associated peak detectors and threshold detectors have a dynamic operating range of signal of greater than 40 to l.
  • the patients electrocardiogram is picked up from electrodes 14 and amplified by a low noise, high input impedance preamplifier stage 60 and passed through an isolation amplifier 62.
  • the signal is coupled optically through amplifier 62 to provide patient safety. No direct electrical path exists between the patient electrodes and the machine.
  • Power for preamplifier 60 and amplifier 62 is provided by an isolated power supply 64 which has no direct electrical connection to the machine.
  • the impedance plethysmograph 30 is similarly decoupled from the patient.
  • the ECG signal is passed through a 60 Hz notch filter 66 to remove any power line noises, and then to recorder drive and control circuits 68 and to 17 Hz bandpass filter 70.
  • the bandpass filter approximates a matched filter for the normal adult QRS complex of the electrocardiogram, that is, it allows only those signals to pass which have a frequency distribution similar to the frequency content of the QRS complex of an electrocardiogram.
  • the bandpass filtered signal then goes to precision full wave rectifier 72, which takes the absolute value of the incoming signal (i.e., it allows positive signals to pass unmodified and reverses the polarity of negative signals) so that the output of the circuit is always positive.
  • the rectified signal goes to a peak voltage detector 74 and, along with the output of detector 74, to a threshold comparator 76.
  • Detector 74 tracks and stores the most positive recent excursion of the signal, decaying in time to track signal magnitudes varying with time.
  • Comparator 76 generates an output pulse if the rectified signal exceeds 0.8 times the peak detect voltage.
  • the pulse from the comparator triggers a one-shot 78, which puts out a uniform width, single pulse for each detected QRS complex.
  • Ramp generator 80 repeatedly produces a linearly rising voltage.
  • the detection of a QRS complex in the electrocardiogram causes the sample and hold circuit 82 to store the instantaneous voltage of the ramp generator, a value proportional to the last QRS to QRS interval, and resets generator 80 to zero to start a new ramp.
  • Threshold detectors 84 and 86 each receive as inputs both the instantaneous ramp voltage from generator 80 and the output of circuit 82.
  • Detectors 84 and 86 each include circuitry for comparing the instantaneous ramp voltage with a function of the output of circuit 82 (i.e., the previous QRS to QRS interval).
  • detector 84 is designed to trigger one-shot 88 when the instantaneous ramp voltage equals a constant voltage Vo plus 20% of the output of circuit 82 (corresponding to 20% of the previous QRS to QRS interval), closely approximating the occurrence of the systole.
  • detector 86 is designed to trigger one-shot 90 when the innstantaneous ramp voltage equals Vo plus 80% of the output of circuit 82, closely approximating the occurrence of diastole.
  • such detectors can be arranged to trigger a one-shot at any desired point in the cardiac cycle.
  • useful embodiments include detectors arranged to trigger a one-shot at different points in successive cardiac cycles, e.g., to provide a set of images of the heart at different points in the cycle.
  • a possible threshold detector 87 for variable timing, with associated oneshot 89 is shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3.
  • Vo represents a time interval of 100 milliseconds, which has been discovered to correspond to the refractory time for the heart muscle, minus half the width of the one-shot pulse.
  • the refractory constant of 100 milliseconds can be varied within a preferred range of 50-150 milliseconds, as 20% and 80% fractions of QRS interval for systole and diastole correspondingly vary within respective preferred ranges of -30% and 75-90%.
  • the signals defining the respiratory windows and the cardiac timing signals are routed to gating and control logic 100, along with signals from the front panel controls and indicators 102.
  • the physiological states selected by the operator are sent to the interface circuits 104 to time the device connected to the synchronizer in accordance with the selected states. For example, an imaging device may be timed for exposure whenever systole occurs in a respiratory window.
  • a majority of the respiratory windows are wide enough to encompass a plurality of cardiac timing signals.
  • Arrythmia detect logic 106 detects the presence of an arrythmia occurring during cardiac gated exposure as defined in the two following ways. If a QRS complex is detected during a systole gated exposure, it is defined as an arrythmia. If no QRS complex is detected within 300 milliseconds after a diastole gated exposure occurs, it is defined as an arrythmia.
  • the percent arrythmic beats computer 108 counts the number of arrythmias occurring and displays the percentage of arrythmic beats that have occurred after 100, 200 and 400 gated cardiac exposures. The display is in true percent shown on a numeric display 110. I
  • the recorder control and drive electronics 68 receives the respiratory window and cardiac timing signals as well as the electrocardiographic signal from tilter 66 and processes these signals for the strip chart recorder 112.
  • the strip chart recorder prints out an electrocardiogram and two event marks. One event mark places a line on the chart when a selected respiratory state is occurring. The other event mark puts a line on the chart whenever the conditions for exposure are met.
  • the event marks are placed on the chart synchronously with the electrocardiogram and allow the operator to observe that exposures are being made at the proper time in the cardiac cycle. In the case of an X-ray exposure, the ECG is marked by the event marker to show the exact time of the specific cardiac cycle during which the exposure was made.
  • a system for timing biological imaging, measuring, or therapeutic apparatus in accordance with selected respiratory events in a subject comprising respiratory input circuitry means for providing electrical signals representative of the respiratory cycles of said subject,
  • respiratory timing circuitry means effectively connected to said input circuitry means for processing said electrical signals and for generating a succession of windows surrounding predicted respiratory events of successive respiratory cycles, including means for basing the generation of each said window in a given cycle upon the results of said processing of electrical signals derived from respiration prior to said given cycle, and
  • the system of claim 1 further comprising cardiac input circuitry means for providing electrical signals representative of the cardiac cycles of said subject, cardiac timing circuitry means effectively connected to said cardiac input circuitry means for producing a successsion of timing signals corresponding to selected points in successive cardiac cycles, and
  • output circuitry means effectively connected to said respiratory and cardiac timing circuitry means, and including logic circuitry means, for producing a succession of output signals corresponding to successive said timing signals occurring within said windows.
  • said respiratory timing circuitry includes means for causing the majority of said windows to be of duration longer than the combined duration of a plurality of successive said timing signals occurring within the respective said window, and the interval between said successive signals.
  • said recorder means includes means for including in said synchronous display a record of said respiratory windows.
  • cardiac timing circuitry means includes cardiac interval circuitry means effectively connected to said cardiac input circuitry means for generating a succession of interval values corresponding to the lengths of successive cardiac cycles, and timing signal circuitry means effectively connected to said interval circuitry means for generating each said timing signal at a time dependent upon a fraction of the interval value for the next previous cardiac cycle.
  • timing signal circuitry means includes means for generating each said timing signal at a time dependent upon a constant value plus a fraction of the interval value for the next previous cardiac cycle.
  • interval circuitry means includes means for generating a succession of interval values correponding to intervals between QRS complexes of successive cardiac cycles
  • timing signal circuitry means includes means for generating each said timing signal at a time subsequent to the QRS complex for that cardiac cycle equal to a constant value plus a portion of the interval value for the next previous cardiac cycle.
  • timing signal circuitry means includes means for changing in successive cardiac cycles the fraction of said interval value upon which the respective timing signal is based.
  • arrythmia detection circuitry means effectively connected to said cardiac input circuitry means and to said logic circuitry means for detecting cardiac arrythmia by comparison with cardiac cycles expected on the basis of said cardiac timing signals.
  • said respiratory timing circuitry means includes means for generating values respectively representative of maximum and minimum expiration within a respiratory cycle of said subject, and respiratory state definition circuitry means for generating said windows as a function of both said values.
  • said peak detectors include means for storing values therein and for causing said stored values to decay over time.
  • said respiratory state definition circuitry means includes threshold detection circuitry means effectively connected to said peak detectors and to said input circuitry means.
  • said threshold detection circuitry means includes means for preventing its output from changing despite variations in the respiratory signal from said respiratory input circuitry smaller than a preselected limit.
  • correction circuitry means includes limit detection means effectively connected to said respiratory input circuitry for providing a signal when the respiratory signal is outside said range, digital means effectively connected to said detection means for providing digital pulses in the presence of a signal from said detection means, a counter effectively connected to said digital means for counting said pulses, and offset generator means effectively connected to said respiratory input circuitry means for generating an offset voltage dependent upon the count in said counter.
  • said detection means includes upper and lower limit detectors for respectively incrementing and decrementing said counter when the respiratory signal is above and below said range.
  • the system of claim 19 further comprising means for periodically automatically changing the count in said counter to cause said respiratory signal to drift in a predetermined direction.
  • a system for timing biological imaging, measuring or therapeutic apparatus in accordance with selected physiological states of a subject comprising cardiac input circuitry means for providing electrical signals representative of the cardiac cycle of said subject,
  • cardiac timing circuitry means effectively connected to said cardiac input circuitry means for producing a succession of timing signals corresponding to selected predicted cardiac events in successive cardiac cycles, said timing circuitry means including interval circuitry means for generating a succession of interval values corresponding to intervals between QRS complexes of successive cardiac cycles,
  • timing signal circuitry means effectively connected to said interval circuitry means for generating each said timing signal at a time subsequent to the QRS complex for that cardiac cycle equal to a time constant related to the refractory time of the heart muscle minus half the width of said timing signals plus a fraction of the interval for the next previous cardiac cycle, to cause each said timing signal to surround said predicted cardiac event, and
  • timing signal circuitry means includes means for changing in successive cardiac cycles the fraction of said interval value upon which the respective timing signal is based.
  • arrythmia detection circuitry means effectively connected to said input circuitry means and to said cardiac timing circuitry means for detecting cardiac arrythmia by comparison with cardiac cycles expected on the basis of said cardiac timing signals.
  • a system for timing biological imaging, measuring or therapeutic apparatus in accordance with selected physiological states of a subject comprising input circuitry means for providing electrical signals representative of a physiological cycle of said subject,
  • correction circuitry means effectively connected to said input circuitry means for providing a succession of timing signals at selected portions of said physiological cycles
  • digital offset correction circuitry means effectively connected to said input circuitry means for automatically causing said electrical signals representative of physiological cycles to be within a predetermined range
  • said correction circuitry means including limit detection means effectively connected to said input circuitry for providing a signal when the physiological signal is outside said range, digital means effectively connected to said detection means for providing digital pulses in the presence of a signal from said detection means, a
  • counter effectively connected to said digital means for counting said pulses
  • said detection means including upper and lower limit detectors for respectively incrementing and decrementing said counter when the physiological signal is above and below said range
  • offset generator means effectively connected to said input circuitry means for generating an offset voltage dependent upon the count in said counter
  • a system for timing biological imaging, measuring or therapeutic apparatus in accordance with selected physiological states of a subject comprising input circuitry means for providing electrical signals representative of a physiological cycle of said subject,
  • output circuitry means effectively connected to said input circuitry means for providing a succession of timing signals at selected portions of said physiological cycles
  • digital offset correction circuitry means effectively connected to said input circuitry means for automatically causing said electrical signals representative of physiological cycles to be within a predetermined range
  • said correction circuitry means including limit detection means effectively connected to said input circuitry for providing a signal when the physiological signal is outside said range

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
US383707A 1973-07-30 1973-07-30 Timing biological imaging, measuring, and therapeutic timing systems Expired - Lifetime US3871360A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US383707A US3871360A (en) 1973-07-30 1973-07-30 Timing biological imaging, measuring, and therapeutic timing systems
GB2008574A GB1444651A (en) 1973-07-30 1974-05-07 Timing biological imaging measuring and therapeutic systems
CA203,313A CA1031040A (en) 1973-07-30 1974-06-25 Timing biological imaging, measuring, and therapeutic systems
IT69247/74A IT1016595B (it) 1973-07-30 1974-07-15 Sistema per la temporizzazione di apparecchi di riproduzione grafica di misura e di trattamento nel campo biologico
FR7425034A FR2239229B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-07-30 1974-07-18
JP49084526A JPS5043782A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-07-30 1974-07-23
DE2436696A DE2436696A1 (de) 1973-07-30 1974-07-30 Einrichtung zum synchronisieren eines biologischen geraetes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US383707A US3871360A (en) 1973-07-30 1973-07-30 Timing biological imaging, measuring, and therapeutic timing systems

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3871360A true US3871360A (en) 1975-03-18

Family

ID=23514339

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US383707A Expired - Lifetime US3871360A (en) 1973-07-30 1973-07-30 Timing biological imaging, measuring, and therapeutic timing systems

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3871360A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5043782A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1031040A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2436696A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2239229B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1444651A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1016595B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (78)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3976052A (en) * 1974-04-19 1976-08-24 Hewlett-Packard Gmbh Respiration monitor
US4140110A (en) * 1976-12-27 1979-02-20 American Optical Corporation Systolic pressure determining apparatus and process using integration to determine pulse amplitude
US4148314A (en) * 1976-10-18 1979-04-10 Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. Blood pressure alarm system for dialysis machines
US4172447A (en) * 1975-11-17 1979-10-30 Medicor Muvek Method and apparatus for investigation of glaucoma in eye therapeutics
US4182316A (en) * 1976-10-25 1980-01-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Holographic installation
US4182311A (en) * 1977-04-22 1980-01-08 Varian Associates, Inc. Method and system for cardiac computed tomography
US4204524A (en) * 1977-11-07 1980-05-27 Dov Jaron Method and apparatus for controlling cardiac assist device
FR2442041A1 (fr) * 1978-11-24 1980-06-20 Brattle Instr Corp Appareil et procede pour l'affichage simultane des deplacements relatifs d'un objet biologique en mouvement variable.
US4248240A (en) * 1978-03-20 1981-02-03 Rijksuniversiteit Te Groningen Apparatus for detecting the activity of the respiratory organs and the heart of a living being
US4271842A (en) * 1978-03-03 1981-06-09 Smith Kline Instruments, Inc. Apparatus and method for providing multiple ultrasonic sector image displays
US4356825A (en) * 1978-08-21 1982-11-02 United States Surgical Corporation Method and system for measuring rate of occurrence of a physiological parameter
US4387722A (en) * 1978-11-24 1983-06-14 Kearns Kenneth L Respiration monitor and x-ray triggering apparatus
US4567893A (en) * 1984-11-21 1986-02-04 General Electric Company Method of eliminating breathing artifacts in NMR imaging
US4651716A (en) * 1982-12-03 1987-03-24 Canadian Patents And Development Limited Method and device for enhancement of cardiac contractility
US4665926A (en) * 1984-11-17 1987-05-19 Hanscarl Leuner Method and apparatus for measuring the relaxation state of a person
US4694837A (en) * 1985-08-09 1987-09-22 Picker International, Inc. Cardiac and respiratory gated magnetic resonance imaging
US4803997A (en) * 1986-07-14 1989-02-14 Edentec Corporation Medical monitor
US4878499A (en) * 1985-11-02 1989-11-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Magnetic resonance imaging system
US4903705A (en) * 1984-11-09 1990-02-27 Hitachi Medical Corporation Digital radiography apparatus
EP0377764A1 (de) * 1989-01-12 1990-07-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Medizinisches Gerät zur Diagnose und/oder Therapie
US5033472A (en) * 1989-02-23 1991-07-23 Nihon Kohden Corp. Method of and apparatus for analyzing propagation of arterial pulse waves through the circulatory system
US5040201A (en) * 1989-05-26 1991-08-13 U.S. Philips Corporation X-ray exposure synchronization method and apparatus
US5497778A (en) * 1993-06-30 1996-03-12 Hon; Edward H. Apparatus and method for noninvasive measurement of peripheral pressure pulse compliance and systolic time intervals
WO1998016151A1 (en) 1996-10-16 1998-04-23 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Apparatus and method to gate a source for radiation therapy
WO1999043260A1 (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-02 St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Respiration responsive gating means and apparatus and methods using the same
EP0940158A1 (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-08 Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. System & method for gated radiotherapy based on physiological inputs
WO1999042034A3 (en) * 1998-02-20 1999-10-14 Univ Florida Device for the synchronization with physiological cycles
US6097787A (en) * 1998-08-10 2000-08-01 Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. System and method for calculating scatter radiation
EP1086652A1 (de) * 1999-09-25 2001-03-28 Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung eines dreidimensionalen Bilddatensatzes eines sich periodisch bewegenden Körperorgans
US6240162B1 (en) 1998-01-15 2001-05-29 Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. Precision dosimetry in an intensity modulated radiation treatment system
US20020023652A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2002-02-28 Riaziat Majid L. Method and system for positioning patients for medical treatment procedures
WO2002085455A1 (fr) * 2001-04-23 2002-10-31 Dyn'r Dispositif de pilotage d'une unite d'imagerie anatomique ou d'une unite de radiotherapie
US20030123718A1 (en) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-03 Edic Peter Michael Apparatus and method for volumetric reconstruction of a cyclically moving object
US6621889B1 (en) 1998-10-23 2003-09-16 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Method and system for predictive physiological gating of radiation therapy
US20040005088A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2004-01-08 Andrew Jeung Method and system for monitoring breathing activity of an infant
US6690965B1 (en) 1998-10-23 2004-02-10 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Method and system for physiological gating of radiation therapy
US6741886B2 (en) 2001-10-25 2004-05-25 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. ECG system with minute ventilation detector
US20040116804A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2004-06-17 Hassan Mostafavi Method and system for radiation application
US20040254773A1 (en) * 2003-06-13 2004-12-16 Tiezhi Zhang Apparatus and method using synchronized breathing to treat tissue subject to respiratory motion
US20050054916A1 (en) * 2003-09-05 2005-03-10 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for gating medical procedures
US20050053267A1 (en) * 2003-09-05 2005-03-10 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for tracking moving targets and monitoring object positions
US20050119560A1 (en) * 2001-06-26 2005-06-02 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Patient visual instruction techniques for synchronizing breathing with a medical procedure
US6937696B1 (en) 1998-10-23 2005-08-30 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Method and system for predictive physiological gating
US20050201613A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2005-09-15 Hassan Mostafavi Single-camera tracking of an object
US20060074305A1 (en) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-06 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Patient multimedia display
US20070016115A1 (en) * 2005-07-04 2007-01-18 Gerhard Buchholtz Shockwave system controlled dependent on patient's blood pressure
US20070044625A1 (en) * 2005-08-26 2007-03-01 Rote Scott J Product table for a food slicer with hollow peripheral reinforcements
US20070053494A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2007-03-08 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for processing x-ray images
US20070237289A1 (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-11 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for 4DCT imaging systems
US7393329B1 (en) * 1997-05-23 2008-07-01 William Beaumont Hospital Method and apparatus for delivering radiation therapy during suspended ventilation
US20080221439A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-11 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Tools for use with moving organs
US20090306547A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2009-12-10 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Stepwise advancement of a medical tool
US20100061596A1 (en) * 2008-09-05 2010-03-11 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Video-Based Breathing Monitoring Without Fiducial Tracking
US20100063419A1 (en) * 2008-09-05 2010-03-11 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for determining a state of a patient
WO2010058398A2 (en) 2007-03-08 2010-05-27 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Image processing and tool actuation for medical procedures
US20100158198A1 (en) * 2005-08-30 2010-06-24 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Eyewear for patient prompting
US20110185584A1 (en) * 2007-05-21 2011-08-04 Snap-On Incorporated Method and apparatus for wheel alignment
US20120057674A1 (en) * 2010-09-08 2012-03-08 Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. System for image scanning and acquisition with low-dose radiation
US20120083645A1 (en) * 2010-10-02 2012-04-05 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Ecg-correlated radiotherapy
DE102011076885A1 (de) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Steuerung eines medizinischen Gerätes, Einrichtung mit einem medizinischen Gerät und Datenträger
US8855744B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2014-10-07 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Displaying a device within an endoluminal image stack
US20140350425A1 (en) * 2003-12-24 2014-11-27 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Third heart sound activity index for heart failure monitoring
US9095313B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2015-08-04 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Accounting for non-uniform longitudinal motion during movement of an endoluminal imaging probe
US9101286B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2015-08-11 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Apparatus and methods for determining a dimension of a portion of a stack of endoluminal data points
US9144394B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2015-09-29 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Apparatus and methods for determining a plurality of local calibration factors for an image
US9305334B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2016-04-05 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Luminal background cleaning
US9375164B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2016-06-28 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Co-use of endoluminal data and extraluminal imaging
US9629571B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2017-04-25 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Co-use of endoluminal data and extraluminal imaging
US9888969B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2018-02-13 Sync-Rx Ltd. Automatic quantitative vessel analysis
US9974509B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2018-05-22 Sync-Rx Ltd. Image super enhancement
US10362962B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2019-07-30 Synx-Rx, Ltd. Accounting for skipped imaging locations during movement of an endoluminal imaging probe
WO2019236317A1 (en) * 2018-06-08 2019-12-12 Data Integrity Advisors, Llc System and method for lung-volume-gated x-ray imaging
US10716528B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2020-07-21 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic display of previously-acquired endoluminal images
US10748289B2 (en) 2012-06-26 2020-08-18 Sync-Rx, Ltd Coregistration of endoluminal data points with values of a luminal-flow-related index
US11064903B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2021-07-20 Sync-Rx, Ltd Apparatus and methods for mapping a sequence of images to a roadmap image
US11064964B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2021-07-20 Sync-Rx, Ltd Determining a characteristic of a lumen by measuring velocity of a contrast agent
US20210307862A1 (en) * 2020-04-06 2021-10-07 Biosense Webster (Israel) Ltd. Enhanced catheter navigation methods and apparatus
US11197651B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2021-12-14 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Identification and presentation of device-to-vessel relative motion

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH632403A5 (de) * 1977-09-08 1982-10-15 Avl Ag Verfahren und einrichtung zum ermitteln von systolischen zeitintervallen.
US4294259A (en) * 1977-11-25 1981-10-13 Bios Inc. Method and apparatus for characterizing blood flow through the heart
DE2939975A1 (de) * 1979-10-02 1981-04-16 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Roentgenschichtgeraet zur herstellung von transversalschichtbildern
JPS58206724A (ja) * 1982-05-27 1983-12-02 株式会社東芝 心拍連動ｘ線ｃｔ装置
IL102300A (en) * 1992-06-24 1996-07-23 N I Medical Ltd Non-invasive system for determining of the main cardiorespiratory parameters of the human body
GB2533550B (en) * 2014-12-03 2019-04-10 Gen Electric A supply device and method for a mobile imaging device

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2235894A (en) * 1938-01-18 1941-03-25 Clarence D Lee Device for recording pulse waves, respiration, and blood pressure changes
US3524058A (en) * 1966-08-01 1970-08-11 North American Rockwell Respiration monitor having means for triggering a utilization device
US3524442A (en) * 1967-12-01 1970-08-18 Hewlett Packard Co Arrhythmia detector and method
US3590811A (en) * 1968-12-06 1971-07-06 American Optical Corp Electrocardiographic r-wave detector
US3605724A (en) * 1969-11-10 1971-09-20 Magnaflux Corp Heart motion imaging system
US3626932A (en) * 1968-10-11 1971-12-14 Hal C Becker Ekg synchronized x-ray double pulse exposure apparatus and method
US3658055A (en) * 1968-05-20 1972-04-25 Hitachi Ltd Automatic arrhythmia diagnosing system
US3690313A (en) * 1970-10-09 1972-09-12 Mennen Greatbatch Electronics Electrically isolated signal path means for a physiological monitor
US3699948A (en) * 1970-05-16 1972-10-24 Jeol Ltd Recording device with automatic gain range changer and d.c. correction means

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2235894A (en) * 1938-01-18 1941-03-25 Clarence D Lee Device for recording pulse waves, respiration, and blood pressure changes
US3524058A (en) * 1966-08-01 1970-08-11 North American Rockwell Respiration monitor having means for triggering a utilization device
US3524442A (en) * 1967-12-01 1970-08-18 Hewlett Packard Co Arrhythmia detector and method
US3658055A (en) * 1968-05-20 1972-04-25 Hitachi Ltd Automatic arrhythmia diagnosing system
US3626932A (en) * 1968-10-11 1971-12-14 Hal C Becker Ekg synchronized x-ray double pulse exposure apparatus and method
US3590811A (en) * 1968-12-06 1971-07-06 American Optical Corp Electrocardiographic r-wave detector
US3605724A (en) * 1969-11-10 1971-09-20 Magnaflux Corp Heart motion imaging system
US3699948A (en) * 1970-05-16 1972-10-24 Jeol Ltd Recording device with automatic gain range changer and d.c. correction means
US3690313A (en) * 1970-10-09 1972-09-12 Mennen Greatbatch Electronics Electrically isolated signal path means for a physiological monitor

Cited By (163)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3976052A (en) * 1974-04-19 1976-08-24 Hewlett-Packard Gmbh Respiration monitor
US4172447A (en) * 1975-11-17 1979-10-30 Medicor Muvek Method and apparatus for investigation of glaucoma in eye therapeutics
US4148314A (en) * 1976-10-18 1979-04-10 Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. Blood pressure alarm system for dialysis machines
US4182316A (en) * 1976-10-25 1980-01-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Holographic installation
US4140110A (en) * 1976-12-27 1979-02-20 American Optical Corporation Systolic pressure determining apparatus and process using integration to determine pulse amplitude
US4182311A (en) * 1977-04-22 1980-01-08 Varian Associates, Inc. Method and system for cardiac computed tomography
US4204524A (en) * 1977-11-07 1980-05-27 Dov Jaron Method and apparatus for controlling cardiac assist device
US4271842A (en) * 1978-03-03 1981-06-09 Smith Kline Instruments, Inc. Apparatus and method for providing multiple ultrasonic sector image displays
US4248240A (en) * 1978-03-20 1981-02-03 Rijksuniversiteit Te Groningen Apparatus for detecting the activity of the respiratory organs and the heart of a living being
US4356825A (en) * 1978-08-21 1982-11-02 United States Surgical Corporation Method and system for measuring rate of occurrence of a physiological parameter
US4382184A (en) * 1978-11-24 1983-05-03 Cardiac Imaging Limited Partnership Apparatus and method for simultaneously displaying relative displacements of a fluctuating biological object
US4387722A (en) * 1978-11-24 1983-06-14 Kearns Kenneth L Respiration monitor and x-ray triggering apparatus
FR2442041A1 (fr) * 1978-11-24 1980-06-20 Brattle Instr Corp Appareil et procede pour l'affichage simultane des deplacements relatifs d'un objet biologique en mouvement variable.
US4651716A (en) * 1982-12-03 1987-03-24 Canadian Patents And Development Limited Method and device for enhancement of cardiac contractility
US4903705A (en) * 1984-11-09 1990-02-27 Hitachi Medical Corporation Digital radiography apparatus
US4665926A (en) * 1984-11-17 1987-05-19 Hanscarl Leuner Method and apparatus for measuring the relaxation state of a person
US4567893A (en) * 1984-11-21 1986-02-04 General Electric Company Method of eliminating breathing artifacts in NMR imaging
US4694837A (en) * 1985-08-09 1987-09-22 Picker International, Inc. Cardiac and respiratory gated magnetic resonance imaging
US4878499A (en) * 1985-11-02 1989-11-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Magnetic resonance imaging system
US4803997A (en) * 1986-07-14 1989-02-14 Edentec Corporation Medical monitor
EP0377764A1 (de) * 1989-01-12 1990-07-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Medizinisches Gerät zur Diagnose und/oder Therapie
US5067494A (en) * 1989-01-12 1991-11-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for generating trigger signals for a medical apparatus dependent on the respiratory activity of a patient
US5033472A (en) * 1989-02-23 1991-07-23 Nihon Kohden Corp. Method of and apparatus for analyzing propagation of arterial pulse waves through the circulatory system
US5040201A (en) * 1989-05-26 1991-08-13 U.S. Philips Corporation X-ray exposure synchronization method and apparatus
US5497778A (en) * 1993-06-30 1996-03-12 Hon; Edward H. Apparatus and method for noninvasive measurement of peripheral pressure pulse compliance and systolic time intervals
WO1998016151A1 (en) 1996-10-16 1998-04-23 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Apparatus and method to gate a source for radiation therapy
US5764723A (en) * 1996-10-16 1998-06-09 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Apparatus and method to gate a source for radiation therapy
US7393329B1 (en) * 1997-05-23 2008-07-01 William Beaumont Hospital Method and apparatus for delivering radiation therapy during suspended ventilation
US6240162B1 (en) 1998-01-15 2001-05-29 Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. Precision dosimetry in an intensity modulated radiation treatment system
WO1999042034A3 (en) * 1998-02-20 1999-10-14 Univ Florida Device for the synchronization with physiological cycles
US6597939B1 (en) 1998-02-20 2003-07-22 University Of Florida Method and apparatus for coordinating an event to desired points in one or more physiological cycles
AU754605B2 (en) * 1998-02-20 2002-11-21 University Of Florida Device for the synchronization with physiological cycles
US6370419B2 (en) 1998-02-20 2002-04-09 University Of Florida Method and apparatus for triggering an event at a desired point in the breathing cycle
US6298260B1 (en) 1998-02-25 2001-10-02 St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Respiration responsive gating means and apparatus and methods using the same
WO1999043260A1 (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-02 St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Respiration responsive gating means and apparatus and methods using the same
EP0940158A1 (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-08 Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. System & method for gated radiotherapy based on physiological inputs
US6108400A (en) * 1998-08-10 2000-08-22 Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. System and method for using precalculated strips in calculating scatter radiation
US6167114A (en) * 1998-08-10 2000-12-26 Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. System and method for calculating scatter radiation including a collimator thickness
US6097787A (en) * 1998-08-10 2000-08-01 Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. System and method for calculating scatter radiation
US6937696B1 (en) 1998-10-23 2005-08-30 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Method and system for predictive physiological gating
US20050201510A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2005-09-15 Hassan Mostafavi Method and system for predictive physiological gating
US7567697B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2009-07-28 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Single-camera tracking of an object
US6621889B1 (en) 1998-10-23 2003-09-16 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Method and system for predictive physiological gating of radiation therapy
US20040005088A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2004-01-08 Andrew Jeung Method and system for monitoring breathing activity of an infant
US6690965B1 (en) 1998-10-23 2004-02-10 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Method and system for physiological gating of radiation therapy
US20040071337A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2004-04-15 Andrew Jeung Method and system for monitoring breathing activity of a subject
US7403638B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2008-07-22 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Method and system for monitoring breathing activity of a subject
US20040116804A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2004-06-17 Hassan Mostafavi Method and system for radiation application
US10646188B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2020-05-12 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Method and system for radiation application
US9232928B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2016-01-12 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Method and system for predictive physiological gating
US20020023652A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2002-02-28 Riaziat Majid L. Method and system for positioning patients for medical treatment procedures
US8788020B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2014-07-22 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Method and system for radiation application
US7620146B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2009-11-17 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Systems and methods for processing x-ray images
US7204254B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2007-04-17 Varian Medical Systems, Technologies, Inc. Markers and systems for detecting such markers
US20070076935A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2007-04-05 Andrew Jeung Method and system for monitoring breathing activity of a subject
US20050201613A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2005-09-15 Hassan Mostafavi Single-camera tracking of an object
US7191100B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2007-03-13 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Method and system for predictive physiological gating of radiation therapy
US6959266B1 (en) 1998-10-23 2005-10-25 Varian Medical Systems Method and system for predictive physiological gating of radiation therapy
US6973202B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2005-12-06 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Single-camera tracking of an object
US6980679B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2005-12-27 Varian Medical System Technologies, Inc. Method and system for monitoring breathing activity of a subject
US20060004547A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2006-01-05 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Method and system for predictive physiological gating of radiation therapy
US20070053494A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2007-03-08 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for processing x-ray images
US7123758B2 (en) 1998-10-23 2006-10-17 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Method and system for monitoring breathing activity of a subject
EP1086652A1 (de) * 1999-09-25 2001-03-28 Philips Corporate Intellectual Property GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung eines dreidimensionalen Bilddatensatzes eines sich periodisch bewegenden Körperorgans
US6865248B1 (en) * 1999-09-25 2005-03-08 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Method and device for acquiring a three-dimensional image data set of a moving organ of the body
US20060129044A1 (en) * 2001-04-23 2006-06-15 Patrick Le Corre Device for monitoring anatomical imaging unit or a radiotherapy unit
US7783335B2 (en) 2001-04-23 2010-08-24 Dyn'r Device for monitoring anatomical unit or a radiotherapy unit
WO2002085455A1 (fr) * 2001-04-23 2002-10-31 Dyn'r Dispositif de pilotage d'une unite d'imagerie anatomique ou d'une unite de radiotherapie
US7769430B2 (en) 2001-06-26 2010-08-03 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Patient visual instruction techniques for synchronizing breathing with a medical procedure
US20100289821A1 (en) * 2001-06-26 2010-11-18 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Patient visual instruction techniques for synchronizing breathing with a medical procedure
US20050119560A1 (en) * 2001-06-26 2005-06-02 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Patient visual instruction techniques for synchronizing breathing with a medical procedure
US8200315B2 (en) 2001-06-26 2012-06-12 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Patient visual instruction techniques for synchronizing breathing with a medical procedure
US6741886B2 (en) 2001-10-25 2004-05-25 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. ECG system with minute ventilation detector
US7054475B2 (en) 2001-12-28 2006-05-30 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for volumetric reconstruction of a cyclically moving object
US20030123718A1 (en) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-03 Edic Peter Michael Apparatus and method for volumetric reconstruction of a cyclically moving object
US7620444B2 (en) 2002-10-05 2009-11-17 General Electric Company Systems and methods for improving usability of images for medical applications
US20040138557A1 (en) * 2002-10-05 2004-07-15 Le Toan Thanh Systems and methods for improving usability of images for medical applications
US7778691B2 (en) * 2003-06-13 2010-08-17 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Apparatus and method using synchronized breathing to treat tissue subject to respiratory motion
US20040254773A1 (en) * 2003-06-13 2004-12-16 Tiezhi Zhang Apparatus and method using synchronized breathing to treat tissue subject to respiratory motion
US8571639B2 (en) 2003-09-05 2013-10-29 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Systems and methods for gating medical procedures
US20050053267A1 (en) * 2003-09-05 2005-03-10 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for tracking moving targets and monitoring object positions
US20050054916A1 (en) * 2003-09-05 2005-03-10 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for gating medical procedures
US9668713B2 (en) * 2003-12-24 2017-06-06 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Third heart sound activity index for heart failure monitoring
US20140350425A1 (en) * 2003-12-24 2014-11-27 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Third heart sound activity index for heart failure monitoring
US20060074305A1 (en) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-06 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Patient multimedia display
US8002718B2 (en) * 2005-07-04 2011-08-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Shockwave system control dependent on patient's blood pressure
US20070016115A1 (en) * 2005-07-04 2007-01-18 Gerhard Buchholtz Shockwave system controlled dependent on patient's blood pressure
US20070044625A1 (en) * 2005-08-26 2007-03-01 Rote Scott J Product table for a food slicer with hollow peripheral reinforcements
US9119541B2 (en) 2005-08-30 2015-09-01 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Eyewear for patient prompting
US20100158198A1 (en) * 2005-08-30 2010-06-24 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Eyewear for patient prompting
US20070237289A1 (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-11 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for 4DCT imaging systems
US7443946B2 (en) * 2006-04-10 2008-10-28 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for 4DCT imaging systems
US20100222671A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-09-02 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Identification and presentation of device-to-vessel relative motion
US8700130B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2014-04-15 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Stepwise advancement of a medical tool
US20100171819A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-07-08 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic reduction of interfering elements from an image stream of a moving organ
US20100172556A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-07-08 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic enhancement of an image stream of a moving organ
US20100220917A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-09-02 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic generation of a vascular skeleton
US20080221440A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-11 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Imaging and tools for use with moving organs
US20100228076A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-09-09 Sync-Rx, Ltd Controlled actuation and deployment of a medical device
US20100290693A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-11-18 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Location-sensitive cursor control and its use for vessel analysis
US20100160764A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-06-24 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic generation and utilization of a vascular roadmap
US9855384B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2018-01-02 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic enhancement of an image stream of a moving organ and displaying as a movie
US20100157041A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-06-24 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic stabilization of an image stream of a moving organ
US12053317B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2024-08-06 Sync-Rx Ltd. Determining a characteristic of a lumen by measuring velocity of a contrast agent
US11197651B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2021-12-14 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Identification and presentation of device-to-vessel relative motion
US20100161023A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-06-24 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic tracking of a tool upon a vascular roadmap
US8290228B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2012-10-16 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Location-sensitive cursor control and its use for vessel analysis
US11179038B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2021-11-23 Sync-Rx, Ltd Automatic stabilization of a frames of image stream of a moving organ having intracardiac or intravascular tool in the organ that is displayed in movie format
US9717415B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2017-08-01 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic quantitative vessel analysis at the location of an automatically-detected tool
US8463007B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2013-06-11 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic generation of a vascular skeleton
US11064964B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2021-07-20 Sync-Rx, Ltd Determining a characteristic of a lumen by measuring velocity of a contrast agent
US8542900B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2013-09-24 Sync-Rx Ltd. Automatic reduction of interfering elements from an image stream of a moving organ
US20100161022A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-06-24 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Pre-deployment positioning of an implantable device within a moving organ
US8670603B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2014-03-11 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Apparatus and methods for masking a portion of a moving image stream
US8693756B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2014-04-08 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic reduction of interfering elements from an image stream of a moving organ
US9888969B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2018-02-13 Sync-Rx Ltd. Automatic quantitative vessel analysis
US8781193B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2014-07-15 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic quantitative vessel analysis
WO2010058398A2 (en) 2007-03-08 2010-05-27 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Image processing and tool actuation for medical procedures
US10716528B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2020-07-21 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic display of previously-acquired endoluminal images
US20080221442A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-11 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Imaging for use with moving organs
US10499814B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2019-12-10 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic generation and utilization of a vascular roadmap
US9008367B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2015-04-14 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Apparatus and methods for reducing visibility of a periphery of an image stream
US9008754B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2015-04-14 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic correction and utilization of a vascular roadmap comprising a tool
US9014453B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2015-04-21 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic angiogram detection
US10307061B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2019-06-04 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic tracking of a tool upon a vascular roadmap
US10226178B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2019-03-12 Sync-Rx Ltd. Automatic reduction of visibility of portions of an image
US20100191102A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-07-29 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Automatic correction and utilization of a vascular roadmap comprising a tool
US9968256B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2018-05-15 Sync-Rx Ltd. Automatic identification of a tool
US9216065B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2015-12-22 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Forming and displaying a composite image
US20090306547A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2009-12-10 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Stepwise advancement of a medical tool
US9305334B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2016-04-05 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Luminal background cleaning
US9308052B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2016-04-12 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Pre-deployment positioning of an implantable device within a moving organ
US9375164B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2016-06-28 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Co-use of endoluminal data and extraluminal imaging
US9629571B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2017-04-25 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Co-use of endoluminal data and extraluminal imaging
US20080221439A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-11 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Tools for use with moving organs
US8401236B2 (en) 2007-05-21 2013-03-19 Snap-On Incorporated Method and apparatus for wheel alignment
US20110185584A1 (en) * 2007-05-21 2011-08-04 Snap-On Incorporated Method and apparatus for wheel alignment
US20100061596A1 (en) * 2008-09-05 2010-03-11 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Video-Based Breathing Monitoring Without Fiducial Tracking
US20100063419A1 (en) * 2008-09-05 2010-03-11 Varian Medical Systems Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for determining a state of a patient
US10667727B2 (en) 2008-09-05 2020-06-02 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Systems and methods for determining a state of a patient
US10362962B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2019-07-30 Synx-Rx, Ltd. Accounting for skipped imaging locations during movement of an endoluminal imaging probe
US9144394B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2015-09-29 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Apparatus and methods for determining a plurality of local calibration factors for an image
US11064903B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2021-07-20 Sync-Rx, Ltd Apparatus and methods for mapping a sequence of images to a roadmap image
US9095313B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2015-08-04 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Accounting for non-uniform longitudinal motion during movement of an endoluminal imaging probe
US8855744B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2014-10-07 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Displaying a device within an endoluminal image stack
US11883149B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2024-01-30 Sync-Rx Ltd. Apparatus and methods for mapping a sequence of images to a roadmap image
US9101286B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2015-08-11 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Apparatus and methods for determining a dimension of a portion of a stack of endoluminal data points
US9974509B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2018-05-22 Sync-Rx Ltd. Image super enhancement
US20120057674A1 (en) * 2010-09-08 2012-03-08 Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. System for image scanning and acquisition with low-dose radiation
US8971493B2 (en) * 2010-09-08 2015-03-03 Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. System for image scanning and acquisition with low-dose radiation
US20120083645A1 (en) * 2010-10-02 2012-04-05 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Ecg-correlated radiotherapy
DE102011076885A1 (de) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Steuerung eines medizinischen Gerätes, Einrichtung mit einem medizinischen Gerät und Datenträger
DE102011076885B4 (de) * 2011-06-01 2013-08-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Steuerung eines medizinischen Gerätes, Einrichtung mit einem medizinischen Gerät und Datenträger
US10748289B2 (en) 2012-06-26 2020-08-18 Sync-Rx, Ltd Coregistration of endoluminal data points with values of a luminal-flow-related index
US10984531B2 (en) 2012-06-26 2021-04-20 Sync-Rx, Ltd. Determining a luminal-flow-related index using blood velocity determination
US10970926B2 (en) 2018-06-08 2021-04-06 Data Integrity Advisors, Llc. System and method for lung-volume-gated x-ray imaging
US11120622B2 (en) * 2018-06-08 2021-09-14 Data Integrity Advisors, Llc System and method for biophysical lung modeling
CN112996441A (zh) * 2018-06-08 2021-06-18 数据完整性顾问有限责任公司 用于肺体积门控x射线成像的系统和方法
US10650585B2 (en) 2018-06-08 2020-05-12 Data Integrity Advisors, Llc System and method for geometrically-resolved radiographic X-ray imaging
US12026832B2 (en) 2018-06-08 2024-07-02 Data Integrity Advisors, Llc System and method for gating radiation exposure
WO2019236317A1 (en) * 2018-06-08 2019-12-12 Data Integrity Advisors, Llc System and method for lung-volume-gated x-ray imaging
US20210307862A1 (en) * 2020-04-06 2021-10-07 Biosense Webster (Israel) Ltd. Enhanced catheter navigation methods and apparatus
US11523875B2 (en) * 2020-04-06 2022-12-13 Biosense Webster (Israel) Ltd. Enhanced catheter navigation methods and apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5043782A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-04-19
GB1444651A (en) 1976-08-04
FR2239229B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1981-05-08
CA1031040A (en) 1978-05-09
DE2436696A1 (de) 1975-02-20
FR2239229A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-02-28
IT1016595B (it) 1977-06-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3871360A (en) Timing biological imaging, measuring, and therapeutic timing systems
JP4382323B2 (ja) 生体の生理学的に制御された測定を実施するための装置
US4994965A (en) Method for reducing motion induced image artifacts in projection imaging
US4428380A (en) Method and improved apparatus for analyzing activity
Pipberger The normal orthogonal electrocardiogram and vectorcardiogram: With a critique of some commonly used analytic criteria
US4958640A (en) Method and apparatus for correlating the display of information contained in two information signals
US3626932A (en) Ekg synchronized x-ray double pulse exposure apparatus and method
Berbari et al. The His-Purkinje electrocardiogram in man: an initial assessment of its uses and limitations.
US3878832A (en) Method and apparatus for detecting and quantifying cardiovascular murmurs and the like
EP0984723B1 (en) Cardiovascular monitor
US3822696A (en) Electrocardiography st analyzer and method
US4269195A (en) Apparatus for measuring a pulmonary function
US3294084A (en) Potential measuring and display apparatus, especially for electrocardiographic or like use
JP7151125B2 (ja) 撮影支援装置、放射線撮影システム及びプログラム
US8103078B2 (en) Method for determining ECG-triggered recording times for imaging to support interventional and diagnostic cardiac procedures
US3921624A (en) Apparatus for recording heart rate rhythm
Setiawidayat et al. Determining the ECG 1 cycle wave using Discrete data
JP2019092612A (ja) 動態撮影システム
US7477928B2 (en) Method and system for associating an EKG waveform with a CT image
Frankel et al. A computerized system for ECG monitoring
JPS58130029A (ja) Ｘ−線装置
Divers et al. Continuous real-time computation and display of systolic time intervals from surgical patients
Harrison et al. Computer analysis of ballistocardiograms
Uhley et al. Automatic surveillance of heart rate and rhythm and T wave contour: The concept of automatic monitoring of large numbers of patients
RU2028078C1 (ru) Устройство для контроля и коррекции функционального состояния человека

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: MEDICAL ELECTRONICS CORPORATION

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:BANK OF NEW ENGLAND, N.A.;REEL/FRAME:004131/0362

Effective date: 19820609

Owner name: MEDICAL ELECTRONICS CORPORATION, STATELESS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BANK OF NEW ENGLAND, N.A.;REEL/FRAME:004131/0362

Effective date: 19820609