US3870648A - Polyelectrolytes as detergent builders - Google Patents
Polyelectrolytes as detergent builders Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3870648A US3870648A US106549A US10654971A US3870648A US 3870648 A US3870648 A US 3870648A US 106549 A US106549 A US 106549A US 10654971 A US10654971 A US 10654971A US 3870648 A US3870648 A US 3870648A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- builder
- alkali metal
- detergent
- composite
- builders
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
- C11D3/3761—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in solid compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/046—Salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/08—Silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/10—Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A non-polluting builder composition for cleansing purposes is described consisting of composite of a polyelectrolyte and the alkali metal salt of a weak acid.
- Such builder compositions can replace the phosphorous and nitrogen-containing builders previously used in cleansing and laundry detergents with regard to effectiveness in hard water at one-tenth and one-fifth the concentrations of such previously used builders.
- composite builders prevent the precipitation of insoluble calcium soaps which occurs in household and laundry detergent compositions utilizing either component alone as a builder.
- the previously noted stabilizing effects of the polyelectrolyte with regard to enzymes and bleaches is not decreased by the added components of these composite builders.
- This invention relates to detergent compositions useful for household and laundry service and particularly relates to builders for such compositions that are devoid of pollutant or toxic potentials.
- builders refers to the class of compounds and compositions which improve detergency levels of synthetic detergents and soaps. By utilizing builders, it is possible to prepare detergent compositions having superior detergency as measured by removal of dirt and superior qualities with regard to the redeposition of the dirt that is loosened during the washing process. Additionally, by utilizing builders, it is possible to reduce the final cost of the detergent compositions.
- the phosphate ion is a nutrient for algae which are a prime cause of eutrification of our lakes and waterways.
- the phosphate ion from laundry and household use of detergents appears to enhance the growth of algae and the sudden overgrowth of algae interferes with the ecological balance within the lakes and waterways into which such waste waters are discharged.
- nitrolotriacetic acid A recently commercialized builder material, nitrolotriacetic acid, had been proposed as a replacement for phosphate builders such as the polyphosphates.
- phosphate builders such as the polyphosphates.
- recent research has indicated the possibility of birth defects in test animals after exposure to combinations of nitrilotriacetic acid, which is a nitrogencontaining chelating agent, with certain toxic salts. It appears that this builder molecule in some manner permits the transport of toxic cadmium and mercury through tissue membranes. Consequently, this material is less than desirable for utilization in and around the normal household and for discharge into our environmental waters.
- the above objects are achieved by the utilization in cleansing compositions, comprising detergents and builders, a builder that is a composite of certain polyelcctrolytes and alkaline-reacting salts of alkali metals with weak acids.
- the polyelectrolyte component of the composite builders of this invention are the copolymer of lower alkyl vinyl ethers with maleic acid or its anhydride.
- PVM/MA of Polyvinyl methyl ether/Maleic Anhydride and its hydrolyzed product.
- the anhydride copolymer has the configuration of:
- Viscosity measurements are commonly used as an in dication of the average molecular weight of the polymeric composition.
- the K value (Fikentscher) of any particular mixture of polymers is calculated from viscosity data and is useful as an indication of the average molecular weight of such mixtures. Its determination is fully described in MODERN PLASTICS 23 No. 3, 157-161, 212, 214, 216, 218, (1945) and is defined as 1,000 times k in the empirical relative viscosity equation:
- C is the concentration in grams per hundred cc. of polymer solution and 1 re] is the ratio of the viscosity of the solution to that of pure solvent.
- K values are reportedas 1,000 times the calculated viscosity coefficient in order to avoid the use of decimals.
- the preferred interpolymers employed in the present invention have k values of from about 10 to about 200.
- the two essential ingredients for cleansing compositions comprise the detergent compound itself and the builder.
- detergent compositions useful in conjunction with the builders of this invention are any of the classes of detergents commonly used for laundry and household cleansers. These fall into the general classes of nonionic, anionic, cationic, and amphoteric detergents. Detergents from natural and synthetic sources falling within these classes are amply set forth in Detergents and Emulsifiers, J. W. McCutcheon, editor, published by J. W. McCutcheon, Inc., 236 Mount Kemble Ave., West Orange, NJ.
- nonionic detergents are those which do not ionize in water solution.
- nonionic synthetic detergents commonly used are those formed by the condensation reaction of ethylene oxide units with hydrophobic bases among which are ethylene oxide condensates with alkyl phenols wherein the alkyl group on the phenol contains from six to about 12 carbon atoms in either straight or branched-chain configuration and the ethylene oxide is present in amounts equal to 10 or 12 units of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol.
- nonionic detergents are the group of aliphatic alcohols condensed with ethylene oxide, i.e., alcohols having eight to 18 carbon atoms condensed with 8 to 30 units of ethylene oxide among which may be mentioned the condensate of 10 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide with coconut alcohol fractions having 10 to 14 carbon atoms.
- Other nonionic synthetic detergents include the condensation products of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide and diamines or phosphates and the long-chain tertiary amines, oxides and tcrtiaryphosphines oxides. These are eschewed for the purposes of this invention for reasons of their pollution proclivities.
- the preferred nonionic detergents for the purposes of this invention are the condensates of nonylphenol with ethylene oxide offered commercially under the Igepal trademark by GAF Corporation, New York City.
- anionic detergent compounds useful in the compositions of this invention there must be mentioned ordinary soap.
- This is the alkali metal salts of long-chain fatty acids having at least 12 carbon atoms.
- Suitable soaps are the sodium, potassium and ammonium salts of fatty acids, derived from oils and fats from vegetable and animal sources.
- anionic synthetic detergent compounds are the water-soluble salts and particularly the alkali metal salts of organic sulfuric reaction products such as the sulfonates and sulfates of alkyl and alkaryl moieties containing from eight to about 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl portion of the radical.
- organic sulfuric reaction products such as the sulfonates and sulfates of alkyl and alkaryl moieties containing from eight to about 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl portion of the radical.
- linear alkyl sulfonate sodium salts such as sodium lauryl sulfonate and the sodium and potassium alkyl benzene sulfonates such as are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,220,009 and 2,477,383.
- amphoteric synthetic detergents While the builders of this invention may be utilized with the amphoteric synthetic detergents. it is preferred not to do so since they generally fall within the broad class of amine derivatives and due to the chclating nature of most of such amphoteric compounds with heavy metals, it is preferred to avoid solubitized forms of such toxic materials in household environments.
- the cationic synthetic detergents are generally the quaternary ammonium salts.
- the quaternary ammonium compounds i.e., their ready biodegradeability, an exception is made concerning the utilization of nitrogen-containing deterv gents for general household purposes.
- These compounds are particularly useful due to their cold water detergency characteristics.
- Particularly useful for cold water laundry detergents is Soromine CAZ (CAP Corporation) a cationic complex polyalkyl amido imidezolinium sulfate.
- the cationic detergents are unstable in the presence of alkaline pH solutions but the cationic detergents are fully compatible with the polyelectrolyte/alkaline salts composite builder of this invention.
- the particular composition composite builders of this invention possibly due to the presence of the polyelectrolyte appear not to have this adverse effect.
- detergent and builder composite of the present invention are utilized according to the following proportions:
- composite builder parts by weight 5 to 70 surfactant parts by weight 5 to The above tabulation is a representation of the proportions of the active detergent to the composite builder in detergent cleansing compositions according to this invention.
- Complete detergent compositions contain many ancillary ingredients useful for other purposes but having little to do directly with the problem of soil removal and the prevention of soil redeposition which combined indicate the cleansing effectiveness of the cleansing compositions.
- lary agents which may be included in complete detergent eleansing and/or laundry compositions to adapt to certain specific applications, there may be mentioned the optical brighteners, anti-corrosives, foam stabilizers, defoaming agents, soil-suspending agents, enzymes, bleaches and the like.
- the composite builder of this invention does not interfere with most of these ancillary materials.
- the final detergent cleansers of this invention may be compounded as liquids or solids.
- the detergent cleansing concentrates in the proportions tabulated above, plus any ancillary agents are then diluted with water to the extent ofSOO to 20,000 parts by weight of water.
- Water presents its own problems depending on the degree of hardness and the presence of unwanted ions. Hardness is measured by the amount of calcium and magnesium ions. Such ions form insoluble non-detergent curds with long-chain fatty acids thereby preventing full utilization of the detergent compounds.
- Other deleterious ions include iron which inalkaline solution tends to deposit as iron hydroxide, which upon drying and oxidizing leaves unsightly stains (rust spots) on laundered materials.
- the ratio of polyelectrolytes to alkaline salts in the composite builder should range from 1 to l00 to l to 2 parts by weight.
- the ratio of the detergent compound in the cleanser to the builder should be in the range of 8 parts by weight of the detergent to one part by weight of the builder.
- To the other end of the range one part by tion is commercially marketed in various molecular weight ranges.
- the various grades of polyelectrolyte are soluble in water and within the concentration and pH ranges set forth, the molecular weight has little or no effect upon the efficiacy of the builder compositions of-this invention.
- the Terg-O-Tometer Detergency Test as described weight of the detergent to 100 parts by weight of the in Detergency Evaluation and Testing (J. C. Harris, composite builder of this invention. They may be forlnterscience Publishers, N.Y.) was utilized. Standard mulated as solid compositions in powder or shaped soiled cotton cloth was purchased from Test Fabrics. form or In llquld COnCentrlC 0rm- Inc.
- Table 1 is a tabulation of concentration ranges pr p rties, of h preferred p ly r ly of this n n i n,
- the formula used to calculate percent detergency is PVM/MA, the preferred alkaline salts, and commercial given in Detergency Evaluation and Testing" (p. 105) detergent compounds to be formulated into a condenand is: sate so that as diluted, the concentrate is equivalent to industrial household and laundry products used at 1.0 grams/liter: [(A E) B/(C B)] X 100 Detergency TABLE 1 Detergent Use Range Preferred 71 by Weight of Solution 7:
- PVM/MA is the preferred polwhere yelectrolyte but that mixtures of the alkaline salts may also be used in combination with sodium carbonate for there is a synergism between the polyelectrolyte and the sodium carbonate or silicate or borate as regards the measurement of detergency at the various degrees of water hardness commonly encountered in the.
- Examples 1 and 7 show the detergency as a function of water hardness for soda ash and sodium silicate polyelectrolyte (PVM/MA) and the synergism found in the salts with this polyelectrolyte as measured in the Tcrg-OTometer Detergency Test as as described in Detergency Evaluation and Testing" (J. C. Harris, lnterscience Publishers, N.Y.).
- PVM/MA sodium silicate polyelectrolyte
- Whiteness is calculated according to a formula published in Measurements of the Appearance of Paint Finishes by R. S. Hunter (Official Digest, Vol. 35, No. 459, p. 250-365) where G green filter reflectance B blue filter reflectance Standard soiled swatches together with unsoiled swatches were washed in the Terg-O-Tometer using a solution of the product in the designated water hardness. After washing 20 minutes, the swatches were rinsed and iron dried and then measured for reflectance using the Hunter D40 reflectometer. The data was then subjected to the whiteness formula and the detergency formula. The results are given in the tables with each example.
- composition Gantrez AN 119 .017r .0171
- EXAMPLE 2 This example illustrates the detergency improvement of a complete detergent composition including a non- EXAMPLE 4 surfactant GAFAC RA600 (TM) marketed by SAP Corporation and which is a complex organic phosphate ester based on linear alcohols.
- GAFAC RA600 TM
- EXAMPLE 5 ionic synthetic detergent lgepal C0630 (TM) mar- 55 keted by GAF Corporation and which is generically described as a nonylphenol-ethylcne oxide condensation product according to US. Pat. Nos. 1,970,578 and This example illustrates the effectiveness of the builder composite of this invention with sodium oleatc or soap as the anionic detergent.
- EXAMPLE 7 such as the sole preferred modes and compositions as This example illustrates the effectiveness of the builder composite of this invention utilizing sodium meta silicates as the alkaline salt instead of sodium carbonate.
- the detergency effect of the polyelectrolyte and the Na SiO of the components ofthe builder com- 3 positc is synergistic.
- Example 1 and 7 the combination of the poly (vinyl methyl/maleie anhydride with sodium carbonate or sodium metasilicate is more effective than either component alone. This performance is more noticeable as the water hardness increases.
- the prime purpose of the builder composite of this invention is to provide non-polluting builders for household. industrial and laundry purposes, the novel builders may also serve not only to completely replace the phosphate and nitrogen-containing builders previously used but may also partially replace them during interim periods of product change-over.
- Example 8 below is a comparison of detergency and redeposition data of the commonly used builders with the composite builder of this invention and its components:
- a detergent selected from the group consisting of nonionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric detergents, together with a composite builder, as sole builder, consisting of a member selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl methyl ether/maleic anhydride, salts and hydrolysis products thereof having a K value of from 10 to about 200 and at least one alkali metal salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal silicates, and alkali metal borates wherein the ratio of polyvinyl methyl ether/maleic anhydride group member to alkali metal salt group member is, in parts by weight, from 1:100 to l:2, the ratio of the detergent to the composite builder being, in parts by weight, 8:] to 1:100, whereby to produce an ecologically desirable detergent composition at least substantially devoid of non-polluting nitrogen and phosphorus.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US106549A US3870648A (en) | 1971-01-14 | 1971-01-14 | Polyelectrolytes as detergent builders |
GB29672A GB1363351A (en) | 1971-01-14 | 1972-01-04 | Detergent compositions |
DE2200779A DE2200779B2 (de) | 1971-01-14 | 1972-01-08 | Waschmittelzusammensetzung |
CH37972A CH566392A5 (fr) | 1971-01-14 | 1972-01-11 | |
FR7200930A FR2122212A5 (fr) | 1971-01-14 | 1972-01-12 | |
BE777980A BE777980A (fr) | 1971-01-14 | 1972-01-13 | Polyelectrolytes nouveaux comme charge de detergent |
CA132,383A CA993305A (en) | 1971-01-14 | 1972-01-13 | Polyelectrolytes as detergent builders |
JP47006087A JPS529681B1 (fr) | 1971-01-14 | 1972-01-13 | |
NL7200504.A NL157650B (nl) | 1971-01-14 | 1972-01-13 | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van een wasmiddel voor textiel. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US106549A US3870648A (en) | 1971-01-14 | 1971-01-14 | Polyelectrolytes as detergent builders |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3870648A true US3870648A (en) | 1975-03-11 |
Family
ID=22312015
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US106549A Expired - Lifetime US3870648A (en) | 1971-01-14 | 1971-01-14 | Polyelectrolytes as detergent builders |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3870648A (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS529681B1 (fr) |
BE (1) | BE777980A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA993305A (fr) |
CH (1) | CH566392A5 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE2200779B2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2122212A5 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB1363351A (fr) |
NL (1) | NL157650B (fr) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4000080A (en) * | 1974-10-11 | 1976-12-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low phosphate content detergent composition |
US4072621A (en) * | 1974-11-13 | 1978-02-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent composition |
US4096084A (en) * | 1973-06-04 | 1978-06-20 | Tennant Company | Surface cleaning method and machine |
US4797223A (en) * | 1988-01-11 | 1989-01-10 | Rohm And Haas Company | Water soluble polymers for detergent compositions |
US4946627A (en) * | 1989-07-19 | 1990-08-07 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Hydrophobically modified polycarboxylate polymers utilized as detergent builders |
US20110124546A1 (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-05-26 | Ecolab Inc. | Solidification matrix using a maleic-containing terpolymer binding agent |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK333878A (da) * | 1977-08-17 | 1979-02-18 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Saebe |
DE3065073D1 (en) * | 1979-11-09 | 1983-11-03 | Unilever Nv | Non-aqueous, built liquid detergent composition and method for preparing same |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3156655A (en) * | 1960-08-02 | 1964-11-10 | Lever Brothers Ltd | Heavy duty liquid detergent composition |
US3284364A (en) * | 1963-01-25 | 1966-11-08 | American Cyanamid Co | Soil anti-redeposition agents |
US3308067A (en) * | 1963-04-01 | 1967-03-07 | Procter & Gamble | Polyelectrolyte builders and detergent compositions |
US3535258A (en) * | 1967-12-04 | 1970-10-20 | Grace W R & Co | Machine dishwashing composition and process |
US3623991A (en) * | 1969-06-10 | 1971-11-30 | Chemed Corp | Descaling detergent composition |
US3700599A (en) * | 1970-09-25 | 1972-10-24 | Economics Lab | Composition for mechanically cleaning hard surfaces |
-
1971
- 1971-01-14 US US106549A patent/US3870648A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1972
- 1972-01-04 GB GB29672A patent/GB1363351A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-01-08 DE DE2200779A patent/DE2200779B2/de not_active Ceased
- 1972-01-11 CH CH37972A patent/CH566392A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-01-12 FR FR7200930A patent/FR2122212A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-01-13 BE BE777980A patent/BE777980A/fr unknown
- 1972-01-13 NL NL7200504.A patent/NL157650B/xx unknown
- 1972-01-13 CA CA132,383A patent/CA993305A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-01-13 JP JP47006087A patent/JPS529681B1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3156655A (en) * | 1960-08-02 | 1964-11-10 | Lever Brothers Ltd | Heavy duty liquid detergent composition |
US3284364A (en) * | 1963-01-25 | 1966-11-08 | American Cyanamid Co | Soil anti-redeposition agents |
US3308067A (en) * | 1963-04-01 | 1967-03-07 | Procter & Gamble | Polyelectrolyte builders and detergent compositions |
US3535258A (en) * | 1967-12-04 | 1970-10-20 | Grace W R & Co | Machine dishwashing composition and process |
US3623991A (en) * | 1969-06-10 | 1971-11-30 | Chemed Corp | Descaling detergent composition |
US3700599A (en) * | 1970-09-25 | 1972-10-24 | Economics Lab | Composition for mechanically cleaning hard surfaces |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4096084A (en) * | 1973-06-04 | 1978-06-20 | Tennant Company | Surface cleaning method and machine |
US4000080A (en) * | 1974-10-11 | 1976-12-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low phosphate content detergent composition |
US4072621A (en) * | 1974-11-13 | 1978-02-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent composition |
US4303557A (en) * | 1974-11-13 | 1981-12-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Abrasion resistant spray dried aluminosilicate detergent composition |
US4797223A (en) * | 1988-01-11 | 1989-01-10 | Rohm And Haas Company | Water soluble polymers for detergent compositions |
US4946627A (en) * | 1989-07-19 | 1990-08-07 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Hydrophobically modified polycarboxylate polymers utilized as detergent builders |
US20110124546A1 (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-05-26 | Ecolab Inc. | Solidification matrix using a maleic-containing terpolymer binding agent |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA993305A (en) | 1976-07-20 |
DE2200779A1 (de) | 1972-07-20 |
JPS529681B1 (fr) | 1977-03-17 |
GB1363351A (en) | 1974-08-14 |
BE777980A (fr) | 1972-07-13 |
NL7200504A (fr) | 1972-07-18 |
DE2200779B2 (de) | 1978-05-03 |
CH566392A5 (fr) | 1975-09-15 |
FR2122212A5 (fr) | 1972-08-25 |
NL157650B (nl) | 1978-08-15 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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Owner name: CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:DORSET INC. A CORP OF DELAWARE;REEL/FRAME:005122/0370 Effective date: 19890329 |
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Owner name: GAF CHEMICALS CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:DORSET INC.;REEL/FRAME:005251/0071 Effective date: 19890411 |
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Owner name: DORSET INC., A DE CORP. Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:GAF CORPORATION, A DE CORP.;REEL/FRAME:005250/0940 Effective date: 19890410 |
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Owner name: CHASE MANHATTAN BANK (NATIONAL ASSOCIATION), THE Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GAF CHEMICALS CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE;REEL/FRAME:005604/0020 Effective date: 19900917 |
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Owner name: ISP INVESTMENTS INC. Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:ISP 3 CORP.;REEL/FRAME:005949/0051 Effective date: 19910508 Owner name: ISP 3 CORP Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:GAF CHEMICALS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:005949/0001 Effective date: 19910508 |
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Owner name: GAF CHEMICALS CORPORATION Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, THE (NATIONAL ASSOCIATION);REEL/FRAME:006243/0208 Effective date: 19920804 Owner name: SUTTON LABORATORIES, INC. Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, THE (NATIONAL ASSOCIATION);REEL/FRAME:006243/0208 Effective date: 19920804 Owner name: GAF BUILDING MATERIALS CORPORATION Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, THE (NATIONAL ASSOCIATION);REEL/FRAME:006243/0208 Effective date: 19920804 |