US3870039A - Fractionated liquid jet - Google Patents

Fractionated liquid jet Download PDF

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Publication number
US3870039A
US3870039A US324667A US32466773A US3870039A US 3870039 A US3870039 A US 3870039A US 324667 A US324667 A US 324667A US 32466773 A US32466773 A US 32466773A US 3870039 A US3870039 A US 3870039A
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liquid
nozzle
droplets
diameter
fractionating
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Michel Antoine Cesar Moret
Pierre Jean Jousson
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LES PRODUITS ASSOCIES
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LES PRODUITS ASSOCIES
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Priority to CH33074A priority patent/CH563192A5/xx
Priority to DE2401640A priority patent/DE2401640A1/de
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
    • A61C17/02—Rinsing or air-blowing devices, e.g. using fluid jets or comprising liquid medication
    • A61C17/028—Rinsing or air-blowing devices, e.g. using fluid jets or comprising liquid medication with intermittent liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/08—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape of pulsating nature, e.g. delivering liquid in successive separate quantities ; Fluidic oscillators

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method and apparatus for fractionating liquid jets into a plurality of unitary, discrete liquid droplets for successively impacting a selected area, for example in GENERATOR the oral cavity, for stimulating the gum tissues and for cleaning the teeth and interdental spaces.
  • a system for the practice of body care, for example, oral hygiene generally comprises a reservoir for the liquid to be fractionated, a nozzle member for directing the fractionated jet against the-area to be stimulated and cleaned, a pump for supplying the liquid under pressure from the reservoir to the nozzle member, and a suitable conduit for transferring the liquid from the reservoir to the pump and from the pump to the nozzle member.
  • means are provided for producing vibrations and transferring the vibrations to the nozzle member to cause the liquid jet to divide into a plurality of unitary, discrete liquid droplets after exiting from the nozzle member.
  • the parameters for the production of such liquid droplets are disclosed and include the ejection velocity of the jet, the fluid flow velocity through the nozzle, the nozzle opening diameter, the frequency of pulsation, the diameter of the formed droplets, and the distance from the tip at which the liquid droplets are completely formed and separated.
  • the physical construction of the nozzle effectively fractionates the jet and comprises an obturating member disposed in the free end of the nozzle member which includes a plurality of passages located therethrough.
  • the cross-sectional area of each of the passages is much smaller than the adjacent liquid conduit of the nozzle member.
  • This invention relates to a method and apparatus adapted to provide body care and especially suited for oral hygiene. More particularly, this invention relates to a method and apparatus for fractionating liquid jets into a plurality of unitary, discrete, liquid droplets for successively impacting a selected area, for example, the oral cavity, to stimulate the gum tissues and to clean the teeth and interdental spaces. Still more particularly, this invention relates to the characteristics of such a method and apparatus in terms of the theoretical and practical limits of the precise parameters involved for the production of such liquid droplets.
  • Guinness in particular, describe an appliance especially aimed for use by dentists which comprises the combination of a nozzle projecting a liquid onto the teeth and/or gums of the patients, a reservoir for the liquid to be projected, and a device for pumping the liquid intermittently from the reservoir to the nozzle to form a jet of liquid which is pulsed at a frequency of about 3,300 or 3,600 pulsations per minute.
  • a jet of liquid delivered by one or the other of the above described appliances is of a pulsed nature and consequently produces on the teeth surfaces to be cleaned a continuous jet of liquid pulsed at a frequency corresponding to that of the pulsations with which the jet is actuated
  • the disaggregation by the jet of the deposits which may cover the surfaces occurs only very slowly and in a generally unsatisfactory man ner even when a very large amount of liquid is projected onto those surfaces.
  • the buffer zone can be defined as the clamping phenomenon on the impact surface caused by an incident liquid jet as the result of the residual fluid film which remains present on the impact surface.
  • an electric toothbrush identified by the trademark Broxodent includes an oscillatory motor which confers a particular effectiveness to the brush, especially with regard to cleaning the teeth, and to a lesser extent, the interdental spaces, while somewhat massaging the gums.
  • this device has another undesirable feature which is primarily economic, namely the wear of the small brushes which have to be periodically replaced.
  • This invention directed to overcoming the problems of the prior art and to achieving the aforementioned objects, comprises a method and apparatus for fractionating liquid jets into a plurality of discrete, unitary liquid droplets which, when projected onto an area of the body stimulate and clean that area.
  • liquid droplets when projected on the teeth and- /or gums of the user, stimulate the gum tissues and clean the teeth and interdental spaces.
  • Such a system for the practice of oral hygiene generally comprises a reservoir for the liquid, such as water or water and a suitable mouthwash, nozzle means for projecting a liquid to a desired location in the mouth of the user, and
  • means for supplying the liquid under pressure from the reservoir to the nozzle member.
  • means are provided for-fractionating the liquid into aplurality of discrete unitary liquid droplets which are substantially free from voids within each of the droplets for successively impacting the area to be cleaned and/0r stimulated.
  • means are provided for generating a vibration and for transmitting the vibrations to a nozzle means where the vibrations are imparted to the liquid passing therethrough to cause the liquid to divideinto a plurality of discrete, unitary liquid droplets after exiting from the nozzle means.
  • the useful diameters of nozzle to produce such droplets are included in a range between about 0.2 and about 1.1-mm, and preferably between about 0.4 and 0.6 mm.
  • the frequency of vibration is generally greater than about 200 cps to assure a minimum efficacy and less than about 5,000 cps to avoid cavitation in the fluid so that the droplets are substantially free from voids within each of the droplets.
  • the diameter of the formed droplets is larger than the diameter of thenozzle opening from which they are issued, a factor which is opposite to that possessed by liquid droplets from jets produced by ultrasonic vibrations in which the diameter of the jet is smaller than the diameter of the opening.
  • the ejection velocity of the jet is at least about 2 m/s which provides a certain efficacy and, at maximum, is about 7 m/s in the best cases.
  • the ejection velocity is generally limited by the turbulence of the jet so that the ejection velocity is preferably in the range between about 2 and about 5 m/s.
  • the liquid droplets thus formed according to the invention are entirely formed and separated when they are at a distance from the tip of the opening of the nozzle ranging from about 3 times to about times the diameter of the nozzle, and this distance appears to be proportional to the ejection speed of the liquid.
  • the droplets produced according to the invention from a nozzle having a diameter of 0.2 mm for a preferred frequency of 500 cps and an ejection velocity of 5 m/sec have a surface pressure of 3.82 g/cm and a weight of 0.239 mg (for water) for droplets having a diameter of0.77 mm.
  • droplets from a nozzle having a diameter of 1.1 mm have a di ameter of 2.6 mm, a surface pressure of 1.13 g/cm and a weight of 9.2 mg.
  • the construction of the nozzle member and the nozzle means causes the jet to be fractionated.
  • An obturating member is disposed in the free end of the nozzle member and includes a plurality of passages therethrough. Since the cross-sectional area of each of the passages in the obturating member is much smaller than the adjacent liquid conduit in the nozzle member, an aberration of the streamline of the liquid is established which causes the liquid to fractionate into unitary, discrete liquid droplets after the liquid exits from the free end of the nozzlemember.
  • the effect of the damping on the later-arriving liquid by liquid resting on the surface of impact is largely overcome by the successive impacting of the fractionated liquid jet according to the invention.
  • the impact rate is substantially equal to the number of droplets produced by the fractionating means per unit of time.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of a body care device suitable for use for oral hygiene according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial view of the nozzle tip which illustrates at a highly magnified scale the manner by which the liquid jet is fractionated into a plurality of unitary, discrete liquid droplets at the outlet of the nozzle of the device;
  • FIG. 3 is a summary of the characteristics of the droplets and parameters of the device for producing such droplets according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a table comparing a number of characteristics of the droplets produced from 0.2 and 1.1 mm nozzle diameters, under specific conditions of frequency and ejection velocity;
  • FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of an appliance for body care according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 is a partial longitudinal sectional view, not in scale, taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 shows a detailed sectional view of the nozzle shown in FIG. 6 which illustrates the manner by which the liquid jet is fractionated at the outlet of the nozzle or according to the second embodiment
  • FIG. 9 illustratively shows the application of a pulsed, continuous liquid jet to dental residues
  • FIG. 10 illustratively depicts the application ofa fractionated liquid jet produced according to the invention to dental residues and illustrates the manner in which the buffer zone effect has been overcome;
  • FIG. 11 is a photographic illustration of the buffer zone for the case of a single jet of pulsated fluid compared to the plurality ofjets providing a plurality of unitary, discrete liquid droplets according to the invention.
  • the apparatus of the first embodiment of the invention comprises a reservoir 10 which contains a mass of liquid 11 which may be water, a solution of analgesic, mouthwash, toothpaste or the like in water, or another suitable fluid.
  • a conduit 12 is connected to an opening in the wall of the reservoir 10 to conduct the liquid 11 to a pump 13.
  • Pressurized liquid is provided from the outlet of the pump 13 to the inlet 14 of a nozzle 15 through the conduit 16.
  • the conduit is flexible to permit the user to manipulate the nozzle 15.
  • the nozzle 15 may be produced in a number of shapes and sizes depending on the ultimate end use.
  • the nozzle 15 is connected to a source 17 of vibrations and both are contained in a suitable casing 18, designated illustratively in phantom outline in FIG. 1, designed to permit the user to guide the flow of liquid 20 which exudes from the tip 21 ofthe nozzle 15 to the desired location on the body, for example, to a selected area in the mouth.'
  • the vibrator 17 is energized by periodic electrical signals produced by an electronic vibration generator 22 which is amplified by an amplifier 23.
  • the preferred frequency range for the signal frequency is on the order of about 200 to about 5,000 cps.
  • One specific example of the type of generator contemplated for use in this invention is electro-magnetic vibrators.
  • the flow of liquid from the outlet of the nozzle 15 is altered in such a manner that the flow profile of the liquid 20 exhibits a plurality of spaced contractions which increase in magnitude with an increase in distance from the tip 21 of the nozzle 15.
  • the streamline of liquid 20 from the tip 21 is characterized by a plurality of contractions 25 which increase in magnitude until the jet of liquid breaks into a plurality of unitary, discrete liquid droplets 26.
  • the masses 26 ultimately assume the shape of a generally spherical liquid droplet 27.
  • the plurality ofliquid droplets 27 are effectively used for cleansing the selected area on the body, for example, the dental surfaces to be cleaned.
  • a number of parameters relating to the physical characteristics of the nozzle, the frequency of vibration, the fluid flow characteristics, and the like, are of interest in producing the liquid droplets contemplated by this invention by means of electro-magnetic vibrators. These parameters are herein set forth based upon the emperical studies of the applicants with reference to their theoretical basis.
  • Ejection Velocity While there is theoretically no limit in a vacuum with a perfect nozzle opening, i.e., one without rugosity, and a laminar flow of liquid therethrough, for a maximum ejection velocity, the minimum ejection velocity is of interest.
  • the minimum ejection velocity of the liquid jet for a given nozzle diameter and a predetermined vibrator frequency can be calculated in order to produce a maximum number of liquid droplets (which are adjacent to one another and do not touch).
  • a jet of fluid having an ejection velocity of less than that indicated herein will not produce discrete liquid droplets, and the liquid will no longer be fractionated.
  • the theoretical minimum ejection velocity for the jet 20 is given by the following formula which expresses the geometric transformation of a cylinder to a sphere:
  • the fluid flow velocity must be such that a laminar, rather than a turbulent flow is produced. Since it is known that a fluid flow becomes turbulent when the Reynolds number is greater than 2.500 for a tube with a polished inner surface, it has been determined that the limit of liquid velocity possessing laminar flow has a maximum value of about 4 m/s for a nozzle opening of 0.2 mm diameter and a maximum value of about 7 m/s for a nozzle opening of 1.1 mm diameter. It has been observed practically that the jet can only be disequilibrated by the vibrations of the nozzle to form liquid droplets in the case when the flow is laminar.
  • the Reynolds formula is:
  • Diameter of Nozzle Opening It has been found that if the diameter of the nozzle opening is greater than about 1.1 mm, it is no longer possible to form stable liquid droplets because the droplets become too soft due to their mass which is too heavy relative to the surface tension on one hand, and due to the ease with which the fluid droplets are deformed when they come in contact with the air.
  • the minimum nozzle opening diameter to produce discrete liquid droplets is between about 0.15 and about 0.20 mm because in this area-the relative rugosity of the nozzle opening becomes important.
  • the relative rugosity of the nozzle opening is defined by the ratio of the opening rugosity, in micro-inches or micro-meters, to the diameter of the opening. At such diameters, the roughness of the inner part of the diameter, measured by the rugosity, becomes preponderant and the jet tends to break down into a mist rather than produce the liquid droplets.
  • the ratio of the relative hardness of the droplets can be calculated.
  • the diameter of the liquid droplets formed after exit from the outlet of a nozzle is given by the relation:
  • the contraction coefficient of the opening is about 0.97 for a nozzle opening having a diameter of about 1.1 and about 0.92 mm for a nozzle opening of about 0.2 mm.
  • liquid droplets each having a diameter of 2.6 mm are produced from a nozzle opening having a diameter of 1.1 mm while liquid droplets each having a diameter of 0.77 mm are produced from a nozzle opening of 0.2
  • the surface pressure p acting on a droplet of liquid due to the surface tension of the liquid can be calculated by the formula:
  • T is the surface tension equal to 72 dynes/cm for water in contact with air
  • (b is the diameter of the droplets in cm.
  • the surface pressure is 1.l3 g/cm whereas for a nozzle opening having a diameter of 0.20 mm and producing liquid droplets each having a diameter of 0.77 mm as shown above, the surface tension is 3.82 g/cm
  • the flow rate of the small opening is about 40 times smaller than that of the large opening which thus illustrates the superiority of a jet having a small diameter, particularly in those instances where the jet is used for oral lavage where it is desired to minimize fluid flow in the mouth of the user.
  • This feature is a significant advantage of the invention when used for oral hygiene.
  • the weight of a spherical droplet is defined by the equation:
  • W (4/3) rrr p where p is 1 g/cm for water.
  • each of the droplets having a diameter of 2.6 mm is 130 times softer and more vulnerable than each of the droplets having a diameter of 0.77 mm, with the same ejection velocity and fractionating frequency.
  • Vibration Frequency The frequency of vibration to produce the subject liquid droplets is within the range of about 200 cycles to exceed a vibration frequency of about 500 cycles per second to obtain a fractionation of the jet because the damping of the vibration transmission through the water is proportional to the vibration frequency and to the water mass, and thus, to the nozzle diameter.
  • the droplets may also be produced from a jet subjected to acoustical vibrations of to hydraulic pressure vibrations in the frequency range disclosed.
  • FIGS. 5-8 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the overall system for the practice of dental hygiene comprises a reservoir containing a liquid 11, a pump 13 and suitable conduits l2 and 16 for conducting the liquid from the reservoir to the pump and from the pump to the nozzle member 50.
  • the construction of the nozzle member 50 causes the fractionation of the liquid jet 60 into a plurality of unitary, discrete liquid droplets according to the invention.
  • An obturating member 55 is disposed in the opening 51 defined by the tip 52 of the nozzle member 50, which surrounds the free end of the passage 58.
  • the member 55 consists, for example, of a small cylindrical block of synthetic material having in the central portion thereof a plurality of longitudinal micropassages 57 which are arranged equidistantly in a circular locus about the center of the member 55.
  • micropassages 57 preferably have a diameter which is much less than that of the adjacent passage 58, for example, on the order of 0.2 to 0.5 mm, while the adjacent passage 58 has a diameter on the order of 1.5 to 2.0 mm.
  • the jet produced by this nozzle is generally cylindrical, in equilibrium along its entire effective length under the action of its internal cohesive forces.
  • the equilibrium of the jet may be destroyed. This occurs in the apparatus shown in FIGS. 5-8 due to the presence of the obturating member 55.
  • the various produced jets 60 are divided gradually into a plurality of discrete, unitary liquid droplets 61.
  • micropassages 57 have a diameter of 0.2 mm and a length of 8 mm, for example, divided jets with 20,000 droplets per minute have been obtained, while with micropassages 57 of the same cross section, but having twice the length, i.e., 16 mm the number of droplets becomes essentially equal to 10,000 per minute.
  • Each of the jets produced by the appliance is thus divided into a series of liquid projectiles" having a somewhat spherical shape, the effect of which has turned out to be particularly important with regard to cleaning the teeth and the interdental spaces, as was discussed in connection with FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The parameters discussed in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2 have been confirmed by a laboratory experimentation apparatus comprising a nozzle from which a pressurized water jet with a continuous flow was produced.
  • the jet was fractionated into discrete liquid droplets by means of a thin rotating disc provided with equally spaced indentations along the periphery of the disc and driven by an electric motor.
  • the jet having an adjustable ejection velocity was fractionated by an adjustable fractionating frequency.
  • the desired fractionating frequency was obtained by the modification of the rpm of the motor and, if necessary, changing the number of indentations on the disc.
  • FIG. 9 the food residue 31 is shown as being contacted by the continuous portion of a pulsed jet 32 of liquid such as one which would be produced by devices described earlier in this specification.
  • FIG. 10 shows the food residue 31 being successively impacted by a plurality of discrete, unitary liquid droplets which are produced according to the invention.
  • the solid jet 32 partially disaggregates the central part of the food residue 31 only during its initial impact, while the water flow which arrives later and strikes the food residue 31 is considerably slowed because the water which arrived earlier and has formed a water film 33, acts as a buffer between the residue 31 to be disaggregated and the jet 32.
  • the water flows across the surface of the food residue 31 in a superficial manner and its disaggregating action is restricted primarily to an erosion of the peripheral areas of the residue.
  • the disaggregating process is improved because each liquid mass successively percusses the food residue 31 without formation of a buffering water film.
  • the explosion effect at each impact, of each droplet is added to that of crushing the droplet on the deposit, thus contributing to further improvement of the efficiency with which the jet disaggregates the deposit.
  • the cleaning effected in the case of the projection ofa plurality of liquid droplets is far better than the cleaning obtained by a pulsated jet projection, even at a rate of 3,000 pulsationsper minute for the same rate of liquid discharge from a single nozzle.
  • the quantity of liquid employed in using a device according to the invention is far less than that necessary by the presently marketed devices. It is also clear that the washing time will also be reduced accordingly.
  • the efficiency of the above described device is such that it is possible not only to remove the small residues from the teeth but also the large deposits covering the entire surface of each tooth.
  • the food particles wedged in the interdental spaces which are very difficult to reach even with the more efficient electric toothbrush are effectively removed with the method and apparatus of the invention.
  • the devices according to the invention can also be used to provide an efficient massaging of the gums in addition to their described cleaning functions. This is accomplished by adding a pulsation at an appropriate frequency to the liquid column supplying the nozzle 15.
  • a pump 13 having a discontinuous operation, for example a piston pump, able to supply the nozzle 15, and which is pulsated at a suitable frequency, partially determined by the relaxation time of the gum mucous tissue;
  • the vibrator 17 produces a fractionated jet as previously described.
  • the buffer zone can be defined as the damping phenomenon on the incident liquid jet by the residual film sill present on the impact surface.
  • spraying trials have been made against a transparent pane of glass which permitted examination of the buffer zone through the glass.
  • the phenomenon was clearly visualized as shown in FIG. 11;
  • the buffer zone is shown on the left hand side thereoffor the case of a single pulsated jet of liquid compared with a 6 micro-jet nozzle according to the invention pulsated at the same frequency for visualization, as shown on the right hand side of the photograph of FIG. 11.
  • An apparatus for body care comprising means for storing a liquid, nozzle means for projecting the liquid at an ejection velocity within a predetermined range to a selected area, said nozzle means including a nozzle having an opening having a diameter in the range of about 0.2 to about 1.1 mm, means for supplying the liquid under pressure from said storing means to said nozzle means, and means for fractionating the liquid at a frequency in the range of about 200 to about 5,000 cps into a plurality of unitary, discrete liquid droplets for successively impact-ing said selected area with said plurality of unitary, discrete liquid droplets, wherein said droplets are further characterized in that each of said droplets successively percusses said selected area at an impact rate substantially equal to the number of droplets produced by said fractionating means per unit of time, said droplets having a diameter when formed which is larger than the diameter of the opening in the nozzle.
  • fractionating means comprises means for transmitting said vibrations to said liquid within said nozzle means whereby the liquid divides into said plurality of unitary, discrete liquid droplets after exit from said nozzle means.
  • said fractionating means includes an obturating member for fractionating said liquid into said plurality of unitary, discrete liquid droplets, said obturating member defining at least one passage therethrough, the crosssectional area of said passage in said obturating member being small compared to the cross-sectional area of said passage in said nozzle member.
  • each of said passages in said obturating member is on the order of about 0.2 to about 0.5 mm and the diameter of said passage in said nozzle member is on the order of about 1.5 to about 2.0 mm.
  • each of the spherical droplets has substantially the same diameter.
  • a system for the practice of oral hygiene which is capable of cleaning the teeth and interdental spaces and stimulating the 'gum tissues of the type which comprises means for storing a liquid to be projected into the oral cavity of the user; nozzle means. including a nozzle having an opening having a diameter in the range of about 0.2 to about 1.1 mm, for projecting said liquid at an ejection velocity within a predetermined range into said oral cavity; and means for providing said liquid under pressure from said storing means to said nozzle means, the improvement comrpising:
  • each of said droplets successively percusses said selected area at an impact rate substantially equal to the number of droplets produced by said fractionating means per unit of time.
  • said droplets having a diameter when formed which is larger than the diameter of the opening in the nozzle.
  • a method for the practice of body hygiene comprising the steps of:
  • step of projecting is further defined as projecting the fractionated liquid at an ejection velocity in the range of about 2 to about 7 m/sec.
  • step of fractionating is further characterized in that the nuber of droplets produced by said nozzle is equal to the fractionating frequency.
  • step of fractionating includes the steps of generating vibrations in said frequency range and transmitting said vibrations to said liquid within said nozzle means whereby the liquid divides into a plurality of unitary, discrete liquid droplets after exit from said nozzle.
  • step of'fractionating is further defined by the step of causing said liquid to flow from a passage having a first cross-section to a passage having a second crosssection which is small compared to said first crosssection.
  • step of projecting includes the step of projecting said liquid by an ejection velocity in the range of about 2 to 'about 7 m/s and having a practical minimum governed by the formula:

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
US324667A 1973-01-18 1973-01-18 Fractionated liquid jet Expired - Lifetime US3870039A (en)

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US324667A US3870039A (en) 1973-01-18 1973-01-18 Fractionated liquid jet
CH33074A CH563192A5 (zh) 1973-01-18 1974-01-11
DE2401640A DE2401640A1 (de) 1973-01-18 1974-01-15 Handgeraet zur koerperpflege mittels eines fluessigkeitsstrahles, insbesondere zur mundpflege

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Cited By (19)

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US4148309A (en) * 1977-06-03 1979-04-10 Reibel Peter R Personal hygiene device
US4596364A (en) * 1984-01-11 1986-06-24 Peter Bauer High-flow oscillator
US4655197A (en) * 1982-12-01 1987-04-07 Snyder Laboratories, Inc. Lavage system with variable frequency, flow rate and pressure
US5062795A (en) * 1987-06-22 1991-11-05 Woog Philippe G E Therapeutically caring for the mouth and throat
US5193563A (en) * 1990-04-30 1993-03-16 Melech Victor P Surgical suite scrub station
US5860942A (en) * 1997-03-12 1999-01-19 Cox; Dale W. Dental water irrigator employing hydrodynamic cavitation
US6217534B1 (en) * 1991-03-12 2001-04-17 John C. Natalicio Method and pulsating spray apparatus for inducing altered states in human beings
US20050272001A1 (en) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-08 Blain Christopher C Oral care device
US20060078844A1 (en) * 2004-10-07 2006-04-13 Goldman Paul D Oral care systems, oral care devices and methods of use
WO2006067748A1 (en) * 2004-12-21 2006-06-29 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. A droplet cleaning fluid used for cleaning teeth which includes a polymer additive
US20070017582A1 (en) * 2005-07-20 2007-01-25 Chenvainu Alexander T Fluid couplings
US20090001196A1 (en) * 2005-12-13 2009-01-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Nozzle for Droplet Jet System Used in Oral Care Appliances
US20090092949A1 (en) * 2005-12-21 2009-04-09 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. System for use with a droplet cleaning device for cleaning an impact area for the droplets
US20100218378A1 (en) * 2005-04-26 2010-09-02 Chenvainu Alexander T Valves for personal care devices
US8458841B2 (en) 2007-06-20 2013-06-11 Braun Gmbh Brush head for a toothbrush
EP2893900A1 (en) * 2008-12-29 2015-07-15 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Non-pressurized system for creating liquid droplets in a dental cleaning appliance
EP1755479B1 (en) * 2004-01-20 2015-09-09 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Droplet jet system for cleaning teeth
WO2016013256A1 (ja) * 2014-07-25 2016-01-28 国立大学法人東北大学 洗浄用微細ミスト生成装置、口腔内洗浄装置、ノズル、口腔内洗浄方法、および、洗浄用微細ミスト生成装置の洗浄用微細ミスト生成方法
CN113164226A (zh) * 2018-09-25 2021-07-23 索南多股份有限公司 用于治疗牙齿的设备和方法

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US4012798A (en) * 1975-09-29 1977-03-22 Liautaud John R Portable emergency eye wash fountain
SE7910235L (sv) * 1979-12-12 1981-06-13 Ingemanssons Ingenjorsbyra Ab Hogtrycksblasande verktyg med lag storljudniva
JP2022128909A (ja) * 2021-02-24 2022-09-05 セイコーエプソン株式会社 液体噴射ノズル及び液体噴射装置

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US4148309A (en) * 1977-06-03 1979-04-10 Reibel Peter R Personal hygiene device
US4655197A (en) * 1982-12-01 1987-04-07 Snyder Laboratories, Inc. Lavage system with variable frequency, flow rate and pressure
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JPWO2016013256A1 (ja) * 2014-07-25 2017-04-27 国立大学法人東北大学 洗浄用微細ミスト生成装置、口腔内洗浄装置、ノズル、口腔内洗浄方法、および、洗浄用微細ミスト生成装置の洗浄用微細ミスト生成方法
CN113164226A (zh) * 2018-09-25 2021-07-23 索南多股份有限公司 用于治疗牙齿的设备和方法

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DE2401640A1 (de) 1974-08-01

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