US3869852A - Method of and apparatus for twisting yarn - Google Patents

Method of and apparatus for twisting yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3869852A
US3869852A US444714A US44471474A US3869852A US 3869852 A US3869852 A US 3869852A US 444714 A US444714 A US 444714A US 44471474 A US44471474 A US 44471474A US 3869852 A US3869852 A US 3869852A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
bobbin
tube
eye
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US444714A
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English (en)
Inventor
Edmund Hamel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Die Evolution SA
Original Assignee
Die Evolution SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19732310002 external-priority patent/DE2310002B2/de
Priority claimed from DE19732355193 external-priority patent/DE2355193B2/de
Application filed by Die Evolution SA filed Critical Die Evolution SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3869852A publication Critical patent/US3869852A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/14—Details
    • D01H1/42—Guards or protectors for yarns or threads, e.g. separator plates, anti-ballooning devices
    • D01H1/427—Anti-ballooning cylinders, e.g. for two-for-one twist machine
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/003—Twisting machines in which twist is imparted from the supply packages, e.g. uptwist

Definitions

  • This tube forms a vortex of air at its open end which has a velocity which decreases axially away from the package
  • the yarn is pulled off the bobbin toward this open end and passed through an eye axially spaced from the yarn bobbin so that this yarn is guided through the vortex to form a balloon.
  • the air currents in the vortex brake the thread.
  • the eye can be mounted well above the assembly, or can be provided in a recess in an insert received in the top of the yarn package. Offsetting this eye to the rotation axis of the yarn body causes a tension vibration to be formed in the yarn that prevents the snapping of the yarn during twisting thereof.
  • the present invention relates to a method of and ap- BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • a yarn is usually twisted by rotating a bobbin wound with the yarn at high speed on a driven spindle.
  • the yarn is pulled off the package parallel to its rotation axis so that the twist imparted to the yarn is proportional to the velocity at which it is pulled off, in units of length per units of time, divided into rotation speed, in turns or revolutions per unit of time.
  • the yarn package is surrounded by a tube defining an axially extending space around the yarn package.
  • the tube is closed and formed with an axially centered eye at one end, and the yarn is pulled out through this eye so that it forms a so-called balloon in the space between the yarn package and the inside of the tube.
  • the air in the space between the tube and the yarn package rotates with the assembly, so that wind resistance on the yarn in the balloon is minimal.
  • the tension in the yarn as it is pulled off the spool is dependent mainly on the type of balloon.
  • the characteristics of the balloon are determined mainly by the withdrawal speed of the yarn and the rotation rate of the yarn package. Since these two must bear a definite relationship to one another it is difficult, therefore, to control the thread tension.
  • the tension in the withdrawn yarn generally increases and decreases sinusoidally as a result ofthe way in which the yarn is wound on the yarn package.
  • the thread forms a spiral which lies on the inside of the surrounding tube as a result of centrifugal force.
  • the tension it is possible, due to the variations in tension in the string caused by the way in which it is wound on the package, for the tension to peak at levels sufficient to break the filament.
  • Another object of this invention is the provision of an improved yarn-twisting system wherein the yarn tension can be controlled, without the danger of breaking the yarn.
  • Yet another object of this invention is to provide an improved method of and apparatus for twisting the yarn which overcomes the above-given disadvantages.
  • a yarn package is carried on a spindle rotated at high speed about its longitudinal axis.
  • a tube concentric with the axis has an open end and forms a cup completely spacedly surrounding the yarn package with its rim lying axially beyond the end of the yarn package.
  • a takeup eye or guide is provided adjacent this end ofthe assembly but is spaced from the end of the tube, and generally centered on the rotation axis of the tube and yarn package.
  • a vortex having a rotation speed which decreases away from the yarn package. Pulling the yarn through this vortex brakes it effectively and therefore tensions the yarn to an extent which is determined by the distance between the guide and the upper rim of the tube, this distance determining the position of the yarn in the vortex.
  • the yarn package lies below the rim of the tube or shell so that initially the yarn is drawn off. Through a body of air rotating with the bobbin and the shell, and is thereafter drawn through an air vortex with axially decreasing air velocity.
  • a plate which rotates with the tube and the yarn package and which partially closes this end, defining with the tube an annular gap in which the balloon is formed.
  • This plate or disk partitions the interior of the sleeve into an inner chamber in which the air rotates with the sleeve and the bobbin, and an outer chamber in which the vortex begins.
  • the vortex may be considered to form in the region within the rim of the sleeve immediately above the spool. However, when the plate or disk is provided, the vortex begins to form immediately thereabove.
  • the open end of the tube that is at its rim, means for increasing or decreasing axial length of the tube at this end, and for decreasing and increasing the diameter of the tube at this end.
  • This means is formed by an insert axially displaceable within the open mouth of the tube.
  • an insert fitted to the yarn bobbin and having an upper surface formed as a surface of revolution centered on the rotation axis of the yarn bobbin. The center of this insert is formed with a recess in which is received a fixed eye.
  • this eye is offset, that is eccentric, to the axis of the package.
  • tension in the yarn between the eye and the bobbin is continuously sinusoidally increased and decreased within limits so as to counteract the normal increases and decreases in tension in the yarn.
  • the open-ended tube surrounding the yarn bobbin according to the present invention extends somewhat beyond the bobbin, by 0.25 D to 0.75D, preferably 0.3D to 0.5D where D is the internal diameter of the tube at this end.
  • This construction is responsible for the vortex which is created at the open end of this tube.
  • the vortex generally is conical and extends axially toward the guide eye through which the yarn is withdrawn.
  • the peripheral speed of the air in this vortex de creases axially away from the yarn bobbin.
  • the distance between the guide eye and the yarn bobbin determines the extent to which the yarn passes through this vortex, and therefore determines the level of tension in the yarn, since the-swirling air naturally brakes the yarn.
  • a yarn package or bobbin 12 comprises a cylindrical body 18 of yarn 26 received between two end discs 14 and 16.
  • This bobbin 12 is carried on a shaft rotatable by a motor 11 in the direction shown by arrow 13.
  • An inner tube 20 spacedly surrounds the cylindrical yarn bobbin l2 and has one end 21 which is open and another end closed by a wall 23 secured to the shaft 10.
  • This tube 20 therefore forms a space 24 surrounding the yarn package and the open end 21 of the tube 20 extends a distance d beyond the end 14 of the yarn bobbin 12.
  • the tube 20 has an inner diameter D equal to approximately 4d.
  • An outer tube 22 coaxial with and slightly longer than the inner tube 20 is carried on a fixed journal 25 and forms a space 30 surrounding the inner tube 20. Thus air currents generated by tube 20 will not interfere with neighboring assemblies.
  • An eye 28 is located above the assembly in line with the axis A thereof and is vertically adjustable by fixed clamp 19. The yarn 26 is drawn off the body 18 and up through the eye 28 in the direction shown by arrow A and is then wound onto a takeup spool 27 rotated by a motor 29.
  • the yarn bobbin 12 and the tube 20 form a conical vortex V having a velocity V, at its upper end which is substantially less than the velocity V at its lower end.
  • the yarn 26 forms a balloon 32 which passed through this vortex V and which is therefore braked by this vortex.
  • the position of the balloon 32 in the vortex is determined by the vertical position of the eye 28 relative to the assembly.
  • FIG. 3 shows an assembly wherein a yarn bobbin 12a has a yarn body 180 which is tapered in both axial directions.
  • a disk 14a is provided on the top of this yarn bobbin 12a so as to define a narrow gap with the inside of the tube 20.
  • the balloon 32 is formed within this gap 15.
  • FIG. 4 shows an assembly identical to that of FIGS. 1 and 2 with the exception that an insert 34 formed as a cylindrical sleeve or collar is received within the open end 21 of the tube 20.
  • This construction increases the distance d to a distance d which is substantially twice as great, while decreasing the diameter 35 of the tube at its open end substantially. Thus a tighter but higher vortex V is formed.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are used for FIGS. 5-8 wherever the structure therein is identical.
  • FIG. 5 there is provided at the upper end of the yarn bobbin 12 an insert 41 having a cylindrical center section 40 wedged into the top of the bobbin and coaxial with the axis A thereof and a skirt 36 which is formed as a surface of revolution centered on the axis A and having the natural shape assumed by the yarn 26 as it passes up around the package 18 in the space 24.
  • an eye 28a having a lower end below the open end of the tube 20 and below the upper end of the insert 41. This eye 28a is fixed rotationally by an external clamp 43.
  • FIG. 6 The arrangement of FIG. 6 is identical to that of FIG. 5 with the exception that the insert 41' here has a skirt 38 of rectangular section and having an outer edge, like the skirt 36, in line with the outer edge of the upper end 14 of the yarn bobbin.
  • the arrangements shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are useful with tightly twisted yarn which frequently untwists right back to the yarn body 18 and cause so-called wind-ups.
  • a hollow spindle 10 and wind the yarn 26 around a core filament as indicated at 37 in FIG. 6.
  • this axis 10 can be vertical as shown with the open end 21 of the tube 20 directed upwardly, or it can be mounted horizontally or at an angle.
  • Z, S, S, and Z, Z, S twists are created.
  • the former is a twisting arrangement wherein the threads forming the yarn have a right-hand twist and are twisted in the first as well as in the second steps to the left.
  • the latter arrangement uses threads with a right-hand twist and the first step uses right-hand twist and the second step left-hand twist.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show systems similar to that of FIG. 6, with the exception that here the eye 28b is offset from the axis A by a distance a.
  • This eye 28b is fixed so that with each rotation of the bobbin 12 the radial component of the thread 26 between the location from which is pulled off the body 18 and the eye 28b will decrease continuously from a minimum distance x to a maximum distance y.
  • This continuously changing radial length causes the yarn 26 to be pulled off the package with a sinusoidally varying tension.
  • the filament is shown at solid line 26 in FIG. 7 in the relatively loose position it assumes when it is being pulled off the upper portion of the body 18.
  • Dashed line 26' shows the relatively tight position it assumes when it is being off the lower portion of the body 18.
  • the vibration set up in the filament 26 by the fixed off-center eye 28b is very effective to eliminate the differences in tension caused by the position on the yarn package from which the yarn is pulled.
  • a method of twisting a yarn comprising the steps of:
  • a method of twisting a yarn comprising the steps of:
  • An apparatus for twisting a yarn comprising:
  • a spindle having a longitudinal axis and adapted to receive a yarn bobbin
  • said tube is formed of a main tube section and said means for displacing said end includes an insert collar carried on the end of said tube section and forming said open end, said collar being displaceable in said section.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
US444714A 1973-02-28 1974-02-22 Method of and apparatus for twisting yarn Expired - Lifetime US3869852A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19732310002 DE2310002B2 (de) 1973-02-28 1973-02-28 Einrichtung zum zwirnen eines garnes
DE19732355193 DE2355193B2 (de) 1973-11-05 1973-11-05 Einrichtung zum zwirnen eines garns

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3869852A true US3869852A (en) 1975-03-11

Family

ID=25764761

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US444714A Expired - Lifetime US3869852A (en) 1973-02-28 1974-02-22 Method of and apparatus for twisting yarn

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3869852A (pl)
JP (1) JPS49134944A (pl)
AR (1) AR201683A1 (pl)
AU (1) AU6597074A (pl)
BR (1) BR7401356D0 (pl)
CH (1) CH566406A5 (pl)
CS (1) CS175368B2 (pl)
ES (1) ES423331A1 (pl)
FR (1) FR2219254B1 (pl)
GB (1) GB1434484A (pl)
IT (1) IT1003456B (pl)
PL (1) PL88754B1 (pl)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4129979A (en) * 1976-03-09 1978-12-19 Evolution S.A. Apparatus for twisting a yarn
US5303550A (en) * 1990-09-25 1994-04-19 Regal Manufacturing Company, Inc. Apparatus and method for forming elastic corespun yarn

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2050292B (en) * 1979-05-11 1983-08-24 Evolution Sa Making core yarn
FR2459304A1 (fr) * 1979-06-14 1981-01-09 Asa Sa Broche perfectionnee permettant de communiquer une torsion a un fil en mouvement
EP0109573A1 (de) * 1982-10-25 1984-05-30 Fritjof Dr.-Ing. Maag Spindel zum Drehen, Zwirnen oder Umwinden von Garnen

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2011481A (en) * 1934-05-19 1935-08-13 Perkins & Son Inc B F Twisting mechanism
US2064270A (en) * 1935-09-10 1936-12-15 Atwood Machine Co Antiballooning spindle for twisting machines
US2186525A (en) * 1940-01-09 Spindle
US2843998A (en) * 1957-02-05 1958-07-22 Whitin Machine Works Yarn twist controller
US3444680A (en) * 1966-10-07 1969-05-20 Saint Antoine Textile Apparatus for yarn combining or doubling

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2186525A (en) * 1940-01-09 Spindle
US2011481A (en) * 1934-05-19 1935-08-13 Perkins & Son Inc B F Twisting mechanism
US2064270A (en) * 1935-09-10 1936-12-15 Atwood Machine Co Antiballooning spindle for twisting machines
US2843998A (en) * 1957-02-05 1958-07-22 Whitin Machine Works Yarn twist controller
US3444680A (en) * 1966-10-07 1969-05-20 Saint Antoine Textile Apparatus for yarn combining or doubling

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4129979A (en) * 1976-03-09 1978-12-19 Evolution S.A. Apparatus for twisting a yarn
US5303550A (en) * 1990-09-25 1994-04-19 Regal Manufacturing Company, Inc. Apparatus and method for forming elastic corespun yarn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH566406A5 (pl) 1975-09-15
CS175368B2 (pl) 1977-05-31
GB1434484A (en) 1976-05-05
AR201683A1 (es) 1975-04-08
ES423331A1 (es) 1976-10-01
IT1003456B (it) 1976-06-10
BR7401356D0 (pt) 1974-12-03
PL88754B1 (pl) 1976-09-30
FR2219254B1 (pl) 1976-10-08
FR2219254A1 (pl) 1974-09-20
JPS49134944A (pl) 1974-12-25
AU6597074A (en) 1975-08-28

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