US3868064A - Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies and other waste to usable scrap - Google Patents

Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies and other waste to usable scrap Download PDF

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Publication number
US3868064A
US3868064A US335001A US33500173A US3868064A US 3868064 A US3868064 A US 3868064A US 335001 A US335001 A US 335001A US 33500173 A US33500173 A US 33500173A US 3868064 A US3868064 A US 3868064A
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Prior art keywords
rotor
shell
fragments
chute
arms
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US335001A
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English (en)
Inventor
Stanley M Coulter
Raymond P Lombardi
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Dravo Corp
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Dravo Corp
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Priority to US335001A priority Critical patent/US3868064A/en
Priority to AU60525/73A priority patent/AU470608B2/en
Priority to GB4494873A priority patent/GB1434549A/en
Priority to DE19732354881 priority patent/DE2354881A1/de
Priority to FR7340687A priority patent/FR2218943A1/fr
Priority to JP48133952A priority patent/JPS501001A/ja
Priority to IT20909/74A priority patent/IT1007689B/it
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/0056—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for
    • B02C19/0062—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for specially adapted for shredding scrap metal, e.g. automobile bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C13/16—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters hinged to the rotor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D31/00—Shearing machines or shearing devices covered by none or more than one of the groups B23D15/00 - B23D29/00; Combinations of shearing machines
    • B23D31/008—Cutting-up scrap
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
    • B02C2013/2825—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings with fastening means for fixing lining members to the inner surface of mill-housings

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT In an apparatus for reducing automobile bodies to scrap suitable for use in metallurgical furnaces, auto mobile bodies, front end forward are placed on an inclined chute, one behind another, the chute accommodating two bodies in tandem. Power-drivenfeed rolls, the upper one of which is vertically movable, control the rate of feed of the lead body into a reducing mill having an upright rotor with a shell of downwardly decreasing diameter having a replaceable lining therein.
  • Spaced knocker arms with cutters at the free ends forming the top of the rotor, progressively shear and rend the lead ends of the car body as it projects into the mill and the pieces are further broken up and rolled into balls and otherwise irregularly shredded and compacted as they then move down between the rotor and the shell lining, the rotor having ring hammers at intervals around its periphery from a level just below said arms to its bottom.
  • the end product drops into an annular trough from which it is expelled by vanes at the bottom of the rotor.
  • Four motors with drive pinions arranged around a central gear wheel on an extension drive shaft at the bottom of the rotor drive the rotor at high speed.
  • This invention is for a heavy duty reducing and balling mill which is designed primarily for reducing whole automobile bodies or other large metallic objects which have become waste to metal fragments, at least most of which are rolled into balls for subsequent recycling of the usable metal.
  • the present invention like the apparatus disclosed in the earlier Eidal patent, employs a single rotor on a vertical shaft within a surrounding shell of downwardly decreasing diameter, the rotor having radially movable rotatable hammer elements on its periphery that are yieldably urged outward by centrifugal force, which hammers are known as ring hammers. Each such hammer is free to move radially inward upon impacting a body or object which offers sufficient resistance to force it inward toward the center while centrifugal force urges them outwardly.
  • the present invention provides a chute arrangement with upper and lower extending feed rolls across the chute that not only crush car bodies from which the tries and engine are usually removed, and from which usable parts may have been removed, but control the rate at which the bodies move into the mill itself where its lead end projects toward the rotating vertical rotor.
  • This single rotor has two radially extending knocker arms, one being 180 removed from the other around the rotor, and one is above the other, and each is provided with specially formed replaceable cutters at the ends.
  • the car bodies to be disintegrated are fed into the enclosure around the rotor at an angle and at such elevation that the lead end of the body is first engaged by these cutters that cut and tear or break the metal into fragments while the feed rolls both feed the body forward at a controlled rate, but also restrain it from crowding or jamming against the rotor too rapidly.
  • the fragments thus cut or torn or broken are strewn around the interior of the rotor and fall into the downwardly decreasing space between the rotor and the shell where they are further disintegrated and broken and the sheet metal fragments will ultimately, at least to a large extent, be rolled into balls or other compacts which are sometimes called nuggets.
  • These may also contain small solid metal fragments, upholstering which will burn out in a metallurgical furnace, and even glass which may aid in forming slag when the balls are melted down in a furnace.
  • these nuggets, fragments, and pieces, along with any free foreign material resulting from the rending of upholstery, carpets or roof coverings and glass, are delivered through a discharge duct perhaps to be separated by magnetic or other means.
  • the rotating cone or rotor In machines of the type here involved the rotating cone or rotor is of massive construction, weighing several thousand pounds, or many tons, and rotate at high peripheral speed.
  • the diameter of a rotor exceeds the width of the automobile bodies which it operates upon, that is, it may be of the order of 9.5 to 10 feet in diameter and rotate at a normal peripheral speed of the order of mph.
  • the impact of such a massive body rotating at high speed against the automobile body or other waste metal object being reduced to usable waste imposes terrific shock and stresses both on the driving motors, bearing and supporting structures.
  • Our invention provides a machine for converting automobile bodies and like scrap wherein the destructive effects of these shocks and stresses is reduced. This is accomplished in part by providing bearings at the top and bottom of the rotor which are, in effect, integrated through a common rigid structural supporting frame exteriorly of and largely apart from the shell of the mill itself, and which is fixed to a foundation. Further than this, the rotor is operated through a driving gear connected with the rotor shaft by a flexible coupling, and this gear in turn is driven through a plurality of motors disposed around the gear and anchored to the foundation separately from said structural supporting frame. The motors and driving gear are thereby partially protected from the violent stresses and shock generated in the mill itself.
  • inverted conical shell in which the rotor is contained is formed in sections, some of which, at least, can be adjusted toward or away from the rotor as conditions may require.
  • the interior of the shell is provided with replaceable shell plates of unique construction arranged to cooperate in disintegrating the metal pieces and the formation of the nuggets.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of the entire apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the mill of FIG. 1, part of the cover over the upper feed roll being broken away;
  • FIG. 3 is a horizontal section in approximately the plane of line III-III of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a side elevation of the structure shown in FIG. 4 and in addition driving motors are shown, the view being at right angles to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a somewhat schematic sectional view taken substantially along line VIVI of FIG. 1 showing the drive arrangement for the feed rolls with portions only of the feed rolls but other parts of the structure are omitted for clarity of illustration;
  • FIG. 7 is a vertical section through the rotor and its bearings, the view being on a larger scale than FIGS. 1 i
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged detail showing in elevation one end of the primary cutter arm
  • FIG. 9 is a projection showing in elevation the various liner plates on one section of the inverted conical shell.
  • FIG. 10 is an end elevation of the lower end of one liner plate from one area of FIG. 9 to illusrate how the ribs stand out from the base of the liner plate;
  • FIG. 11 is a fragmentary transverse section showing one of several bolt and nut arrangements by the use of which the liner plates are removably attached to the shell;
  • FIG. 12 is a fragmentary top plan view of the cover of the mill with a portion broken away to illustrate the joint between two sections of the shell and showing the diagonal bolt slots in the cover;
  • FIG. 13 is a fragmentary horizontal section through the shell near the base showing the lateral flanges at the base of the sections with slots similar to those shown in the cover.
  • FIG. I designates the top level of a supporting foundation.
  • a structural frame 3 entirely separate from the remainder of the mill that provides the principal support for an inclined feed chute 4.
  • the chute is preferably of a length to accommodate at least two passenger car bodies of average length in tandem. It is wide enough to easily receive an average passenger car body, the width typically being of the order of 100 inches between the side walls 5.
  • the inner end of the chute extends into the mill, designater generally as 6, the chute terminating inside the upper portion of the mill.
  • the mill includes a structural metal base 7 that is bolted to spaced supporting piers 8 extending above the level 2 (see FIGS. 2 and 5).
  • the space between the foundation piers 8 provides room to receive the drive mechanism for themill, this mechanism being designated generally as 9.
  • the mill designated generally as 6, comprises an inverted conical outer shelf made of four complementary sections, two of which, designated 21, are the full ring 25.
  • the flanges are slotted with diagonal slots so that bolts with nuts, indicated at 26, secure the sections to the ring, the position of the bolts in the rings being fixed.
  • All of the sections have confronting vertical flanges 27 that are bolted together with removable shims 28 between the flanges. By removingthe shims entirely or replacing them with thinner ones and loosening the fasteners 26, the sections may be moved closer together, thereby reducing the internal diameter. After such an adjustment is made, all fastenings are again tightened.
  • the supporting ring 25 is at the top ofa circularly extending inner wall 29 and an outer annular wall mem ber 30 (see FIGS. 4 and 7), the walls 29 and 30 being welded to a heavy base plate 31, the ring 25 thus comprising part of a rigid box section capable of sustaining a heavy load.
  • the base plate 31 rests on and is welded to two spaced parallel I-beams 32 which, as shown inFIG. 2, are connected at the ends by cross beams 33.
  • I-beams 32 which, as shown inFIG. 2, are connected at the ends by cross beams 33.
  • gussets or braces 34 extending from the outer faces of these structural sections 32 under the plate 31 to the edge of said plate, this arrangement comprising the base 7.
  • the ends of the parallel beams 32 rest on and are bolted to anchor bolts on the tops of the concrete piers 8.
  • cover assembly on the top of the shell which comprises a metal plate secured to the under side of two spaced parallel main cover-supporting sections 41, these sections being directly over the lower main sections 32, these sections being connected by transverse structural sections 42.
  • The. cover is somewhat eliptical in shape (see FIG. 2), having its major transversely from the outer surfaces of the sections 41 to the edges of the cover at the left side as viewed in FIGS. 2 and 4.
  • the tops of the shell sections 21 have laterally extending flanges with holes therein for the reception of bolts (see FIG. 12), and these pass upwardly through diagonal slots 44 in the cover similarly arranged to those in the base flanges of the sections, as
  • the cover has an elevated hood portion 48 over the chute 4 where it enters the shell, the hood being slightly greater in length, from one side to the other, than the width of the chute.
  • a rotor designated generally as 50, comprising a central shaft 51 on which is fixed a lower hub member I 52 to which is welded a lower'circular plate 53.
  • a heavy vertical cylinder 54 Mounted on and secured to this plate is a heavy vertical cylinder 54.
  • a circularplate 55 of the same diameter as plate 53 is welded to the top of the cylinder 54, and the peripheral margins of the plates 53 and 55 both extend the same distance beyond the periphery of the cylinder.
  • the inner periphery of the plate 55 is secured to a massive central hub member 56 fixed on the shaft 51.
  • the cylinder 54 has a plurality of equally-spaced supporting annuli 57 spaced equally from the plates 53 and 55 and from each other. There are registering holes in the peripheral margin areas of the plates 53 and 55 and in the annuli 57 to receive straight shafts 58, only some of which are shown, others being omitted for clarity of illustration.
  • the shafts are arranged in a stacked relationship to each other, with the shafts in one stack laterally offset or staggered with the shafts of the adjacent stacks.
  • a hammer unit 60 Positioned on each shaft 58 is a hammer unit 60.
  • Each such unit comprises two elements, one above the other, each being a large gearlike annulus with a central bore larger than the shaft 58 so that each hammer element may move radially outwardly under centrifugal force to a position shown in FIG. 3 where a portion of the periphery projects beyond the peripheral edge of the over and underlying annulus 57 or move radially inward under pressure or impact to a retracted position where the teeth of the hammers do not protrude beyond such annuli.
  • hammers known as ring hammers" are well known and understood in the art.
  • the diameter of the rotor from the bottom plate 53 to the top plate 55, assuming all hammers to be retracted, is about uniform, so that there is a downwardly converging clearance space around the rotor between the interior of the shell and the rotor.
  • the hub member 56 has two diametrically opposed radially extending curved arms 61 and 62 sometimes referred to as cutter arms or knocker arms, the arm 61 being below the arm 62.
  • the rotor is designed to turn in a counterclockwise direction.
  • the leading faces of these arms at the outer ends thereof each has a removable support block 63 bolted thereto which, as seen in FIGS. 4 and 8 is of a vertical height exceeding the vertical thickness of the arm on which it is carried.
  • Each block has a replaceable cutter thereon with a vertical portion 64 at the outer edge of the block and a horizontal portion 65 along the top edge of the block.
  • the roof has an opening therein through which the upper end ofthe shaft 57 projects and there is a heavyduty roller bearing unit 70 for the upper end of this shaft in this opening.
  • the bearing assembly is fixed in a roof-ring 71 welded to the roof and from which radiate a plurality of vertical webs 72 abutting against and welded to the roof beams 41 and 42 so that the bearing unit is effectively integrated into the roof frame. As seen in FIG. 2 of the drawing there are six of these webs which hold the shaft bearing immovably fixed in the roof structure.
  • the bottom plate 31 has an opening therethrough.
  • the lower end of shaft 51 extend through this opening and there is a combined heavy-duty radial and thrust bearing unit 75 for the rotor shaft 51 in this opening in the bottom plate.
  • This unit is confined by a collar 76 secured to the plate 31 so that the bottom bearing is effectively integrated for structural purposes in the bottom plate.
  • the projecting lower end of the shaft 51 carries one element 80 of a well-known type of flexible coupling. There is a mating section 81 bolted thereto, this being at the upper end of coupling shaft 82. There is a similar element 83 at the lower end of 82 which is bolted to member 84 on a stub shaft 85 at the center of a drive gear wheel 86.
  • This driving gear is centered in a square structural steel frame set in the recess between the piers 8.
  • this frame which is anchored to the foundation independently of the mill supporting beams 32 and 33, is the drive assembly for the rotor.
  • the frame has opposed rigid stanchions or supports 91 for a plurality of motors, preferably four of them, with vertical shafts, the motors having their respective shafts spaced equally from one another.
  • Two motors 92 are preferably wound rotor motors and two shorter ones 93 are preferably squirrel cage motors, but all are of equal horse power, each being in the machine here specifically described 500 horsepower motors.
  • Motors 92 are particularly useful for starting rotation of the rotor, but all function together as operating speed of the rotor is reached.
  • Each motor drives a pinion 94 that meshes with the drive gear wheel 86, preferably through couplings 95 and short shafts 96 in bearings 97.
  • the shell sections 22 are of less height than the full height of the shell, providing a recess below the remainder of the top of the shell so that the lower end portion 4A of the chute 4 enters the shell below the top of the shell and just below the level at which the cutter on the lower cutter arm 61 rotates.
  • the inner edge of the chute terminates at 4B in an arc concentric about but spaced outwardly from the circle of rotation of said cutter.
  • the shell sections 22 have a support structure 22a at the tops thereof for the lower end of the chute.
  • the interior of the shell from the top to about the level of the lower rotor plate 53 has a lining constructed for cooperation with the cutters and hammers.
  • this liner is comprised of several courses of liner plates, one course above another, removably bolted to the interior of the shell.
  • 100 designates the liner plates of the uppermost course, 101 the next lower course, 102 the third course down form the top, and 103 the lowermost course.
  • the liner plates are flat from side to side and top to bottom, and the walls of the outer shell section 21 and 22 are similarly flattened so that the shape is not truly circular in transverse section but is a many-sided polygon.
  • FIG. 9 there is shown in porjection the arrangement of liner plates on one shell section 21. This is duplicated on the other section 21 and because of the recess in the top of the large section 22 to receive the trough, the arrangement in sections 21 is substantially tom at about the middle.
  • the blocks 101. of the second Q course have a similar rib 101a that forms in effect a continuation of the diagonal ribs of the block of the top course.
  • the blocks of both courses taperin width downwardly, the tops of blocks 101 being of subtantially the same width as the bottoms of the blocks in the upper course. This taper continues downwardly in each course, so that while the number of blocks in each row is the same as in any other row, the width diminishes according to the downwardly diminishing diameter of the outer shell.
  • the abutting side edges of the blocks are beveled at the required angle to fit closely together.
  • the blocks 102 of the third course from the top are of greater length than the blocks of the upper two courses. They have a somewhatdiagonally extending .rib.102a in the central area which is inclined in the same direction but more steeply than the ribs 100a and 101a and in addition have a substantially vertically extending but slightly narrower rib 100b down each vertical edge. Al though these ribs 102 are narrower than the inclined ribs 120a, the ribs 1021) of two abutting blocks form in effect a single wide, nearly vertical rib around the interior of the shell alternated with an inclined rib.
  • the blocks 103 of the lower row are of course much narrower than the blocks of the upper'row. They are much like blocks 102 in length and they, too, have a diagonal rib 103a in the central area extending from top to bottom but much more nearly vertical than the corresponding rib of the blocks 102. They also have sub stantially vertical side ribs 103b that are in alignment with the ribs 102! of the blocks above, and in effect form continuations thereof.
  • FIG. 10 shows the bottom end view of one of the blocks 102, in which view of course dimensions in the direction of the length of the block appear greatly foreshortened.
  • the liner plates or blocks are cast of a hard, tough steel alloy with non-circular, preferably square, noncircular tapering bolt holes therein as indicated.
  • FIG. 11 shows in detail the manner of attaching the liner plate to the shell.
  • In this view 21 indicates in section a typical fragmental portion of the outer shell, and 100 a typical portion of one of the liner plates other than a rib portion.
  • One of the non-circular or square bolt holes of the outwardly diminishing area is indicated at 105 and 106 is a round hole in the shell 100 that registers with square hole or socket 105.
  • the fastenings as thus arranged can be tightened from the exterior of the shell, and no part of the bolt projects beyond the surface of the liner plate and each bolt continues to be effective to hold the plate even though the plate wears away until it is
  • the roll has projecting axially elongated teeth or projections 117 arranged in rows both around its pe-. riphery and across its length so that they are axially and peripherally spaced from one another. These teeth, along with a portion of the periphery, project through the opening 4C in the trough a slight distance above the trough bottom.
  • the roll has a sprocket wheel 118 at one end which is driven by chain 119 and a motor ,120, preferably a hydraulic motor, fixed to the supporting structure below the bearing 116.
  • the upper feed roll assembly designated generally as 10.
  • This assembly comprises two rigid lever arms extending along the outside of the chute, one at each side. Each arm is pivoted at 126 to support 127, the supports 127 being secured to the chutesupporting structural frame 3. The free ends of these arms are connected by a cross beam 128. There is a bearing 129 on the underside of each arm near its outer end to receive shaft extensions of the upper feed roller 130.
  • the roller 130 extends across the full width of the interior of the chute and it has a sprocket 131 on a shaft extension atone end driven through a sprocket chain 132 from a motor, also preferably a hydraulic motor 133, which is supported on one of the lever arms'125.
  • the upper roll has projecting teeth thereon arranged similarly to those on the lower roll.
  • a cage 135 carried on the vertically pivoting structure comprising arms 125, the cross beam 128 and the parts carried thereby, this cage being covered with expanded metal or other covering to prevent the escape of metal fragments that may be projected from the shell where.
  • FIG. 1 there is a hydraulic or other fluid pressure jack or dash pot at 136, and there is a duplicate (not shown) at the other side of the machine.
  • Each jack has a cylinder 137 pivoted to a beam comprising part of the structure 3 and it has a piston with a piston rod 138, the upper end ofwhichis pivotally connected at 139 to the underside of the lever arm 125.
  • the jack as here shown with its duplicate on the opposite side together support the pivoted upper rollcarrying structure in its lowermost position where its axis of rotation is downstream or to the left of the axis of the lower roll at a position where it just clears the shell and its roof.
  • the rolls 115 and 130 are both driven so that their confronting peripheral areas work together to advance the car down the chute as indicated by the arrows in FIGS. 1 and 4.
  • a crane (not shown) to the top of the chute and headed down toward the feed rolls, and when it has moved down to where it is about to be, or has been engaged by the feed rolls, a second auto body will be placed in the chute behind it so that gravity will assist in pushing each car in turn between the two rollers.
  • the upper roll is pulled against the roof by the hydraulic jacks 136 in such a manner as to effectively grip the roof and control the feed of the automobile, and to some extent mash the roof so that the automobile can enter the shell.
  • the lower roll may be tearing at underchassis parts of the assembly while th two rolls together urge the body down over extension 4A of the chute where the lead end of the car is projected into the path of rotation of the cutters on the arms 61 and 62. Since these cutters are moving at a peripheral speed generally of the order of 70 miles per hour in a typical operation, the lead end of the car will be progressively torn, out and rent into chunks and pieces of varying sizes.
  • PRODUCT DISCHARGE On the side of the shell at the bottom there is a tangentially-extending passage from the discharge channel or trough into a duct 200 (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • the blades 79 on the rotor moving around the trough force the fragments or nuggets out this duct from which they may drop into a receptacle or onto a receiving conveyor, neither of which is shown.
  • Considerable heat is generated that may result in oil vapors and fumes being generated and possible ignition of upholstery.
  • the rotating scraper blades 79 act as a centrifugal fan to draw these fumes down and expel them into the duct 200.
  • This duct has a flue outlet 201 at its top to take care of such gaseous products.
  • the inclined chute of a length to receive two vehicles provides for the effective use of gravity to assist the feed rolls, which, however, are rotated at a controlled speed that may prevent jamming of the autos against the rotor. At the same time these rolls serve to mash the cars down to a size where they can enter the mill.
  • the feed chute terminates at a level where the cutters on arms 61 and 62 can effectively engage the lead end of the vehicles as they feed forward. Since the rotor is completely surrounded, except where the chute ends,
  • the impact forces on the driving gear are distributed to four driving pinions, avoiding excessive stress at any one location.
  • the driving gear is further relieved of shock by reason of the flexible connections between the pinion and rotor and by the drive being secured to the foundation entirely apart from the mill itself. Having the motors inverted reduces the overall height of the mill, and there is no need for a pit below ground level to receive the driving gear.
  • the rotor itself is constantly subjected to stresses which are especially severe at that side of the rotor where the cutters first contact the car bodies to be disintegrated. For this reason the top bearing set into the cover is provided. This bearing in turn is immovably set in the cover and braced against the cover beams.
  • the bottom bearing for the rotor shaft is also immovably supported in the bottom plate and braced against the bottom structural beams. Lateral forces or pressure against the rotor is divided between these two bearings and the upper and lower bearings are structurally integrated through the rigid frame comprising the top and bottom parallel beams and the upright connecting posts and braces.
  • the shell is likewise integrated into the frame structure through the cover and the ring 25 on the boxlike ring structure on the bottom plate, so that relative movement between the shell and rotor due to impact of the rotor with the car being demolished cannot vary the relation between the rotor and the shell or the shell and the structure in which it is mounted.
  • adjustment of the shell relative to the rotor may be accomplished by changing the shims 28 and then adjusting the bolts at the base and roof of the shell radially, as permitted by the diagonal slots, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13.
  • the rotor at least at the top, has a diameter greater than the width of the chute 4 and consequently greater than the width of any car body that is fed down the chute 4 with its lead end projecting into the path of the cutters on the arms 61 and 62.
  • the chute is typically I00 inches wide while the rotor and the arms at the top are typically about inches in effective diameter. This assures that no part of the lead end of the car body will be clear of the swath through which the cutters move. Reduction of the car bodies to smaller sections is therefore unnecessary and problems encountered with twin rotors are avoided.
  • Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies to fragments for metallurgical use with a mill comprising:
  • a single rotor substantially centered in the shell having a pair of diametrically opposed knocker arms thereon, one below the other, and means below the arms providing a plurality of ring hammer units arranged around the rotor below the arms in a descending succession of levels, there being a downwardly decreasing clearance between the exterior of the rotor and the liner in the shell and at the bottom of the rotor there is a minimum clearance space for the discharge of fragments to a receiving means below the rotor,
  • the rotor having a depending shaft extending below the shell and having drive means for rotating the rotor at the lower end of the shaft,
  • feed means comprising cooperating upper and lower power-driven rollers extending crosswise of the chute, said upper roller being movable vertically and being weighted to yieldably bias it downwardly toward the lower one.
  • Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies to fragments for metallurgical use with a mill comprising:
  • a single rotor subtantially centered in the shell having a pair of diametrially opposed knocker arms thereon, one below the other, and means below the arms providing a plurality of ring hammer units arranged around the rotor below the arms in a descending succession of levels, there being a downwardly decreasing clearance between the exterior of the rotor and the liner in the shell and at the bottom of the rotor there is a minimum clearance space for the discharge of fragments to a receiving means below the rotor,
  • the rotor having a depending shaft extending below the shell and having drive means for rotating the rotor at the lower end of the shaft,
  • an inclined chute of a width to receive an automobile endwise extending upwardly and outwardly from the shell and having a lower terminal portion passing through the shell and terminating therein in such position that the forward end of an automobile body, upon reaching the lower end of the chute, will be in the plane of rotation of said knocker arms,
  • each of said knocker arms having a cutter at its outer end, the cutters being of a vertical dimension greater than the thickness of the respective arms on which they are carried and which sweep complementary swaths with the rotation of the rotor.
  • Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies to fragments as defined in claim 4 in which the cutters have a vertical edge portion and a horizontal edge portion.
  • Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies to fragments as defined in claim 7 in which the uppermost liner plates have ribs that are inclined from top to bottom in the direction of rotation of the rotor and the lower plates have ribs which increasingly approach the vertical.
  • Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies to fragments as defined in claim 3 wherein said shell is comprised of a plurality of segments which are joined to one another by a vertical joint between each two segments, said joints being adjusted to receive spacing shimswhich may be placed and removed therefrom for adjusting the sections relatively to each other and radially with respect to the rotor, the sections under the chute being of less height than the other sections to provide a recess through which the chute enters the shell.
  • Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies to fragments for metallurgical use with a mill comprising:
  • a single rotor substantially centered in the shell having a pair of diametrically opposed knocker arms thereon one below the other and means below the arms providing a plurality of ring hammer units arranged around the rotor below the arms in a descending succession of levels, there being a downwardly decreasing clearance between the exterior of the rotor and the liner in the shell and at the bottom of the rotor there is a minimum clearance space for the discharge of fragments to a receiving means below the rotor,
  • the rotor having a depending shaft extending below the shell and having drive means for rotating the rotor at the lower end of the shaft,
  • said shell being mounted on a circular box beam section which defines the outer wall of a trough below the shell and rotor into which fragments discharged from the space between the shell and rotor fall, there being another vertical wall spaced inwardly from said box section forming the inner wall of the trough, the rotor having vanes attached to the under surface thereof extending into the trough for moving the fragments around said trough, the trough having an outlet located at one point thereabout into which the vanes discharge the fragments, and
  • said circular box section hving a supporting plate at the bottom, a rigid structural frame under said supporting plate and attached thereto the structural frame having opposed end portions, spaced foundation piers on which said end portions of the supporting frame set and to which they are secured, the drive means for the rotor being below the tops of said piers.
  • Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies to fragments as defined in claim 13 in which there is a cover over the top of the shell, a structural frame ex tending over the cover in vertical alignment with said first-named structural frame and to which the cover is attached, diametrically opposite structural members rigidly connecting the structural frame on the top with the one on the bottom to integrate them into a common rigid supporting frame, a foundation to which said rigid supporting frame is fixed, the rotor having a shaft portion at the top and a bearing unit for said shaft portion centered in the cover and integrated with structural frame to which the cover is attached, the rotor having a lower shaft portion extending below the supporting plate at the bottom, and a bearing for the shaft at the lower end of the rotor integrated with said bottom plate and the structural frame under said plate whereby there are top and bottom shaft bearings for the rotor rigidly connected and through said common rigid supporting frame.
  • Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies to fragments as defined in claim 14 in which an extension is flexibly coupled to the lower rotor shaft portion, said extension having a gear wheel thereon, a second structural frame having a bearing for said extension surrounding the gear wheel and bolted to the foundation independently of the first-named supporting frame, a plurality of motors with vertical shafts on said second frame, each of which drives a pinion that meshes with said gear wheel, said motors and pinions being spaced from each other around the gear wheel.
  • Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies to fragments as defined in claim 15 in which said foundation has spaced piers on which the first-named structural frame is set and to which it is secured, the second structural frame being positioned on the foundation between said piers, the motors having their respective pinions at their lower ends with the bodies of the motors extending upward but positioned below said firstnamed structural frame.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US335001A 1973-02-23 1973-02-23 Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies and other waste to usable scrap Expired - Lifetime US3868064A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US335001A US3868064A (en) 1973-02-23 1973-02-23 Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies and other waste to usable scrap
AU60525/73A AU470608B2 (en) 1973-02-23 1973-09-20 Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies andother waste to usable scrap
GB4494873A GB1434549A (en) 1973-02-23 1973-09-25 Apparatus for reducing metallic bodies to fragments
DE19732354881 DE2354881A1 (de) 1973-02-23 1973-11-02 Vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von automobilkarossen und dergleichen
FR7340687A FR2218943A1 (enExample) 1973-02-23 1973-11-15
JP48133952A JPS501001A (enExample) 1973-02-23 1973-11-27
IT20909/74A IT1007689B (it) 1973-02-23 1974-04-08 Apparecchiatura per ridurre le carrozzerie di automobili e altri rifiuti in rottami utilizzabili

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US335001A US3868064A (en) 1973-02-23 1973-02-23 Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies and other waste to usable scrap

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3868064A true US3868064A (en) 1975-02-25

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ID=23309805

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US335001A Expired - Lifetime US3868064A (en) 1973-02-23 1973-02-23 Apparatus for reducing automobile bodies and other waste to usable scrap

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3868064A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS501001A (enExample)
AU (1) AU470608B2 (enExample)
DE (1) DE2354881A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2218943A1 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1434549A (enExample)
IT (1) IT1007689B (enExample)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3970255A (en) * 1974-08-15 1976-07-20 The Carborundum Company Solid waste shredder
US5388774A (en) * 1992-09-09 1995-02-14 Zizzo; Daniel M. Cutter member for scrap reduction mill
US5996913A (en) * 1998-05-18 1999-12-07 Svedala Lindemann Gmbh Method and device for feeding and operating a facility for comminuting recyclable scrap material
RU2178340C1 (ru) * 2000-07-31 2002-01-20 Шлегель Игорь Феликсович Устройство измельчения
WO2002092229A1 (en) * 2001-05-17 2002-11-21 Rader Companies A hammermill
US20040129813A1 (en) * 2001-05-17 2004-07-08 Elliott James C. Hammermill
RU2236904C1 (ru) * 2003-07-16 2004-09-27 Научно-производственное республиканское унитарное предприятие "НПО "Центр" Вертикальная роторная установка с газостатическим опорным узлом
US20150048187A1 (en) * 2013-08-13 2015-02-19 TARTECH eco industries AG Slag Breaker
CN104399559A (zh) * 2014-11-20 2015-03-11 柳州市爱林机械抛喷丸材料有限公司 甩锤磨粉体机
US10549284B2 (en) * 2013-07-08 2020-02-04 Outotec (Finland) Oy Stress distribution element for a grinding mill shell

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JPS5425563A (en) * 1977-07-29 1979-02-26 Goshina Sangyo Metal scrap shredder
JPS54152267A (en) * 1978-05-23 1979-11-30 Goshina Sangyo Metal scrap shredder
JPS556078U (enExample) * 1978-06-28 1980-01-16
JPS5567346A (en) * 1978-11-14 1980-05-21 Goshina Sangyo Metal scrap shredder
EP3495009B2 (en) 2005-01-24 2025-01-15 Antares Pharma, Inc. An injector with prefilled syringe
WO2007131025A1 (en) 2006-05-03 2007-11-15 Antares Pharma, Inc. Injector with adjustable dosing
FR2949086B1 (fr) * 2009-08-14 2015-05-01 Arnaud Becker Dispositif de cisaillage de produits a broyer et installation combinee comprenant un tel dispositif
US9220660B2 (en) 2011-07-15 2015-12-29 Antares Pharma, Inc. Liquid-transfer adapter beveled spike
ES2970240T3 (es) 2012-03-06 2024-05-27 Antares Pharma Inc Jeringa precargada con característica de fuerza de ruptura
US9364610B2 (en) 2012-05-07 2016-06-14 Antares Pharma, Inc. Injection device with cammed ram assembly

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US3283698A (en) * 1965-07-19 1966-11-08 Williams Patent Crusher & Pulv Refining apparatus
US3356016A (en) * 1966-04-06 1967-12-05 Southwest Factories Inc Automobile body disposal apparatus
US3545690A (en) * 1966-09-15 1970-12-08 Pettibone Corp Shredder type hammermill
US3587985A (en) * 1969-01-14 1971-06-28 Eidal International Corp Metal-processing unit
US3727848A (en) * 1971-12-10 1973-04-17 Sivger Steel Casting Co Hammer mill with replaceable spider arm tips

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3283698A (en) * 1965-07-19 1966-11-08 Williams Patent Crusher & Pulv Refining apparatus
US3356016A (en) * 1966-04-06 1967-12-05 Southwest Factories Inc Automobile body disposal apparatus
US3545690A (en) * 1966-09-15 1970-12-08 Pettibone Corp Shredder type hammermill
US3587985A (en) * 1969-01-14 1971-06-28 Eidal International Corp Metal-processing unit
US3727848A (en) * 1971-12-10 1973-04-17 Sivger Steel Casting Co Hammer mill with replaceable spider arm tips

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3970255A (en) * 1974-08-15 1976-07-20 The Carborundum Company Solid waste shredder
US5388774A (en) * 1992-09-09 1995-02-14 Zizzo; Daniel M. Cutter member for scrap reduction mill
US5996913A (en) * 1998-05-18 1999-12-07 Svedala Lindemann Gmbh Method and device for feeding and operating a facility for comminuting recyclable scrap material
RU2178340C1 (ru) * 2000-07-31 2002-01-20 Шлегель Игорь Феликсович Устройство измельчения
US20040129813A1 (en) * 2001-05-17 2004-07-08 Elliott James C. Hammermill
US20020170993A1 (en) * 2001-05-17 2002-11-21 Elliott James C. Hammermill
WO2002092229A1 (en) * 2001-05-17 2002-11-21 Rader Companies A hammermill
US6926215B2 (en) 2001-05-17 2005-08-09 Rader Companies, Inc. Hammermill
EP1404449A4 (en) * 2001-05-17 2005-08-10 Rader Companies HAMMER MILL
US7134623B2 (en) 2001-05-17 2006-11-14 Rader Companies Hammermill
RU2236904C1 (ru) * 2003-07-16 2004-09-27 Научно-производственное республиканское унитарное предприятие "НПО "Центр" Вертикальная роторная установка с газостатическим опорным узлом
US10549284B2 (en) * 2013-07-08 2020-02-04 Outotec (Finland) Oy Stress distribution element for a grinding mill shell
US20150048187A1 (en) * 2013-08-13 2015-02-19 TARTECH eco industries AG Slag Breaker
CN104399559A (zh) * 2014-11-20 2015-03-11 柳州市爱林机械抛喷丸材料有限公司 甩锤磨粉体机
CN104399559B (zh) * 2014-11-20 2016-09-21 柳州市爱林机械抛喷丸材料有限公司 甩锤磨粉体机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU470608B2 (en) 1976-03-25
AU6052573A (en) 1975-03-20
IT1007689B (it) 1976-10-30
FR2218943A1 (enExample) 1974-09-20
JPS501001A (enExample) 1975-01-08
GB1434549A (en) 1976-05-05
DE2354881A1 (de) 1974-08-29

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