US3863104A - Arrangement for the controllable supply of at least two groups of electric lamps - Google Patents

Arrangement for the controllable supply of at least two groups of electric lamps Download PDF

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Publication number
US3863104A
US3863104A US347927A US34792773A US3863104A US 3863104 A US3863104 A US 3863104A US 347927 A US347927 A US 347927A US 34792773 A US34792773 A US 34792773A US 3863104 A US3863104 A US 3863104A
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Prior art keywords
control signal
signal generator
auxiliary
control
switching element
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US347927A
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English (en)
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Pieter Jan Bolhuis
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US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac
    • G05F1/40—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices
    • G05F1/44—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only
    • G05F1/45—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only being controlled rectifiers in series with the load
    • G05F1/455—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only being controlled rectifiers in series with the load with phase control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • H02M1/092—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices the control signals being transmitted optically
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H05B41/3924—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations by phase control, e.g. using a triac

Definitions

  • An U S Cl 315/154 315/210 auxiliary control signal generator is provided for each a 6 39/04 lamp group to control the lamp energy in the event of [58] Field 61 Search 330/159, 154, 156 a mum Ofthe mam'comml 14 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures AC SUPPLY 51 l I 53 P23 CONTROL s11; GEN
  • the invention relates to an arrangement for the controllable supply of at least two groups of electric lamps in which the lamps of each group are arranged in series with a controlled semiconductor switching element added to said group and in which the combination of a lamp group and the controlled semiconductor switching element added thereto is incorporated in a branch connecting two input terminals of the arrangement, a first control signal generator common to all semiconductor switching elements being present and having a connection to a control electrode of each of the controlled semiconductor switching elements.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a simple arrangement in which a control signal is still applied to the controlled semiconductor switching element even when the signal fromthe common control signal generator drops out, so that'the lamp (lamps) arranged in series with this switching element is (are) not completely extinguished.
  • an arrangement for the controllable supply of at least two groups of electric lamps in which the lamps of each group are arranged in series with a controlled semiconductor switching element and in which the combination of a lamp group and the controlled semiconductor switching element added thereto is incorporated in a branch connecting two input terminals of the arrangement, while a first control signal generator common to all semiconductor switching elements is present which has a connection to a control electrode of each of the controlled semiconductor switching elements is characterized in that neareach lamp group is present as well an auxiliary supply source for control purposes of said lamp group and also an auxiliary control signal generator.
  • the relevant auxiliary supply source and the relevant auxiliary control signal generator generate an auxiliary control signal for the control electrode of the controlled semiconductor switching element such that the luminosity of the lamp assumes a fixed value which at a maximum is equal to that which is present in the continuously conducting condition of the semiconductor switching element and which at a minimum is equal to 10 percent of said maximum value.
  • An advantage of such an arrangement according to the invention is that when for some reason or other the control signal from the common control signal generator does not arrive at a lamp group this lamp group does not remain extinguished, but that a simple auxiliary control signal controlling the luminosity ofthe lamp to a fixed value is generated with the aid of the auxiliary control signal generator added to said lamp group.
  • This auxiliary control signal is a fixed signal which brings the luminosity of the lamps to, for example. the undimmed value, which is the maximum value, or to a minimum value which is at least 10 percent of the undimmed state. A value lower than that of the percent state (which is the undimmed state) is sometimes desirable, for example, in the case of the situation in a tunnel by night.
  • An arrangement according to the invention has the advantage relative to a known arrangement using an electromagnetic switch shunting the semiconductor switching element that only a control signal is to be generated and that the maximum lamp current need not flow through any extra elements.
  • connection between the common control signal generator and a control electrode of the controlled semiconductor switching element may employ, for example, a transformer.
  • connection between the common control signal generator and a control electrode of one of the controlled semiconductor switching elements incorporates a coupling element which is free from energytransferring properties, particularly an opto-electronic coupling element.
  • Such a coupling element is generally much smaller and cheaper than a transformer.
  • the use of a coupling element which is free from energy-transferring properties is especially advantageous because an auxiliary supply source near a lamp group is necessary anyway for generating the auxiliary control signal in case of interference. This auxiliary supply source may then also be used when there is no interference.
  • the indication whether a control signal is received across the connection to the common control signal generator or whether no control signal is received can be realized in different ways, for example, by means of a relay which in the presence of a control signal is in its energized condition and which has dropped out in the absence of a control signal.
  • this measuring section consists of a series arrangement of a capacitor and a resistor, which series arrangement is connected to the auxiliary supply source only in the presence of a control signal and in which the capacitor is provided with a discharge circuit in such a manner that the charge condition of the capacitor is a measure of the presence or absence of the control signal.
  • Such an arrangement has the advantage that the auxiliary control signal circuit can be activated in a simple manner with reference to the voltage condition of the capacitor.
  • auxiliary supply source is a direct voltage source
  • one of the terminals of the capacitor is connected to the base of a transistor and the other terminal of the capacitor is connected to a main electrode of this transistor.
  • auxiliary control signal generator can be activated with the aid of the latter transistor.
  • the auxiliary control signal generator may be formed in different manners, for example, being provided with Zener diodes.
  • the auxiliary control signal generator includes two gating circuits in which an input of the first gating circuit is connected to a main electrode of the transistor and in which a first input of the second gating circuit is connected to an output of the first gating circuit and in which a second input of the second gating circuit is connected to a junction between the series arrangement of the capacitor and the resistor at one end and the coupling element, which is free from energytransferring properties, at the other end, both gating circuits having the property that an input signal of low voltage results in an output signal of high voltage and that the output voltage is low when the two inputs receive a high voltage.
  • An advantage of the latter preferred embodiment is that when a square-wave voltage is generated by the common control signal generator this square-wave voltage may be passed unchanged to the output of the second gating circuit if there is no interference, whereas a permanent control signal rendering the relevant controlled semiconductor switching element permanently conducting can be generated when the signal from this common control signal generator remains absent.
  • the output of the second gating circuit is connected through an amplifier to the control electrode of the controlled semiconductor switching element.
  • An advantage of this embodiment is that always a signal of acceptable intensity can arrive at the control electrode of the controlled semiconductor switching element.
  • An arrangement according to the invention may operate, for example, with a direct current supply of the lamps.
  • the semiconductor switching element is then, for example, a transistor.
  • An advantage of this preferred embodiment is that even when a defect occurs simultaneously in the common control circuit and in one of the auxiliary control signal generators there is still an auxiliary control for the other thyristor which then results in a lamp luminosity being approximately 50 percent of its undimmed condition.
  • the auxiliary supply source may be formed. for example, as a separate battery.
  • auxiliary supply source is the same as the supply source from which the lamps are fed.
  • a branch comprising a primary winding of a transformer is connected to the auxiliary voltage source in the absence of said control signal, and two secondary windings of this transformer are connected to control electrodes of two anti-parallel arranged controlled semiconductor rectifiers.
  • the auxiliary control generator is of a very simple type.
  • connection between the common control signal generator and the control electrodes includes a second primary winding of the transformer.
  • An advantage of this embodiment is that the transformer can be used both in the non-interfered and in the interfered condition.
  • An arrangement according to the invention is suitable whenever a controllable supply of lamps is used and whenever it is dangerous or undesirable that the lighting is completely extinguished in the case of a defect.
  • An arrangement according to the invention is particularly suitable to be used for lighting a tunnel because especially in tunnels the drop-out of one or more lighting sections may lead to a dangerous situation for traffic.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrical circuit diagram of part of an arrangement according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows two gating circuits which are diagrammatically shown in FIG. I;
  • FIG. 3 shows part of a second arrangement according to the invention.
  • input terminals l and 2 are intended to be connected to a supply voltage of, for example. 220 V, 50 Hz.
  • 3 and 4 are low-pressure mercury vapour discharge lamps of, for example. 40 Watts. These lamps are provided with pre-heatable electrodes which are connected to heater-transformers 5 and 6.
  • the lamp 3 is connected in series with an inductive ballast 7.
  • the lamp 4 is connected to an inductive ballast 8.
  • the other ends of the'ballasts 7 and 8 are connected to two anti-parallel arranged thyristors 9 and 10, respectively.
  • the other ends of these thyristors are connected to the input terminal 2.
  • a common control signal generator 20 is connected through two conductors 21 and 22 to an opto-electronic coupling element 23.
  • This coupling element includes a light-emitting diode 53 as well as a photosensitive transistor 24.
  • the coupling element 23 is present in the connection between the common control signal generator and the control electrode of the thyristor 10. This connection (including lines 50 and 51) serves to control the thyristor l0. ln the generator 20 a square-wave signal is generated whose phase is controllable relative to the voltage across the input terminals 1, 2.
  • a subsequent coupling element 25 which is formed in the same manner as coupling element 23, is used in the control circuit of the thyristor 9.
  • the coupling element 25 forms part of a circuit (not shown) which, via lines 50' and 51' ultimately applies a control voltage between the terminals 26 and 27 of the thyristor 9.
  • the circuit section (not shown) between the coupling element 25 and the thyristor 9 and coupled to lines 50 and 51 is formed in a completely identical manner to the circuit section which is shown between the coupling element 23 and the thyristor 10.
  • 28 denotes two further connections which lead to coupling elements similar to 23 and 25. These control a subsequent group of lamps (not shown).
  • the connection 28 may lead to one pair of coupling elements or to two or three, etc., pairs of coupling elements.
  • the circuits connected to the connections 28 are sometimes referred to as slave-dimmers. When the distance between the common control signal generator 20 and the coupling elements, for example, 23 and 25 is only short, this circuit is sometimes referred to a master dimmer.
  • An auxiliary direct voltage source 30 has a positive terminal connected to a capacitor 31 and to a resistor 32. The other end of this resistor 32 is connected to the collector of the transistor 24. The emitter of this transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the auxiliary direct voltage source 30.
  • the resistor 32 is shunted by a series arrangement of the capacitor 31, a further resistor 33 and a diode 34. The junction between the capacitor 31 and theresistor 33 is connected through a resistor 35 to the base of a transistor 36.
  • the positive terminal of the battery 30 is connected through a resistor 37 to the emitter of transistor 36.
  • the collector of transistor 36 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.
  • the junction between the resistor 37 and the emitter of transistor 36 is connected to an input G1 of a first gating circuit whose output is denoted by Q1.
  • a further input G2 of this gating circuit is not connected. Details of this gating circuit are found in FIG. 2.
  • This gating circuit is fed through the terminals PQ which are also connected to the auxiliary direct voltage source 30.
  • the output terminal Q1 of the first gating circuit is connected to the input terminal G3 of a second gating circuit.
  • a second input G4 of this gating circuit is connected to the junction between the resistor 32 and the transistor 24.
  • the output Q2 of this second gating circuit is connected through an amplifier 38 to the control electrode and to the cathode of the thyristor 10.
  • a squarewave voltage is generated in the common control signal generator 20. This voltage is passed to the coupling elements 23 and 25, and to other (not shown) pairs of coupling elements of slave-dimmers which are connected to the connection 28.
  • the voltage of this block is in the direction which is the same as the pass direction of the diode of the coupling element 23, the diode becomes light-emitting and thereby renders the transistor 24 conducting.
  • the capacitor 31 is charged through the circuit 30, 31, 33, 34, 24, 30.
  • the transistor 24 is nonconducting. The capacitor will then be discharged slightly via the circuit 31, 37, 36, 35.
  • transistor 24 When transistor 24 is in the conducting condition, the voltage at G4 is low and hence at O2 is high, and conversely when the transistor 24 is in its non-conducting condition the voltage will be high at G4 and will be low at Q2.
  • transistor 24 when an interference occurs either in generator 20 or in the conductors 21, 22 with the result that the coupling element 23 is no longer activated, transistor 24 remains permanently cut off.
  • the capacitor 31 is then discharged so that also the transistor 36 is cut off and the input terminal G1 of the first gating circuit will then exhibit a high potential.
  • the result is that the output terminal Q1 assumes a low voltage and this likewise applies to the input terminal G3 of the second gating circuit.
  • This means that a highvalue signal is permanently available across the output Q2 which thereby permanently triggers the control electrode of thyristor 10 so that the luminosity of the lamps 3 and 4 is broughtinto the undimmed situation.
  • the lamps 3 and 4 will thus not be extinguished but will be controlled to their lOO percent luminosity.
  • this is effected with the aid of an auxiliary control signal generator comprising the transistor 36 and the two gating circuits.
  • the left-hand section in FIG. 2 shows the first gating circuit which is a gating circuit known per se.
  • the righthand section shows the second gating circuit.
  • the reference numerals indicating the inputs and outputs in FIG. 2 correspond to those in FIG. 1.
  • Terminal P is connected to the positive terminal of the auxiliary direct voltage source 30 (see FIG. 1) and terminal Q is connected to the negative terminal of this battery.
  • the input terminal G1 is connected to a diode 100.
  • the input terminal G2 is connected to a diode 101.
  • the sides of the diodes and 101 remote from the input terminals G are connected together.
  • junction between the diodes 100 and 101 is connected through a third diode 102 to a resistor 103.
  • the other end of the resistor 103 is connected through a further resistor 104 to the positive supply terminal P, and through a series arrangement of a Zener diode 105 and two resistors 106 and 107 to the negative supply terminal Q.
  • the terminals P and Q are also connected together through a series arrangement of a resistor 108, a transistor 109, a diode 110 and a further transistor 111.
  • the output terminal Q1 of this first gating circuit is connected to the junction between the transistor 109 and the diode 110.
  • This terminal O1 is connected to the input terminal G3 of the second gating circuit (see also FIG. 1).
  • the junction between the resistors 104 and 108 is furthermore connected to a resistor 112 the other end of which is connected to the base of the transistor 109. This base is furthermore connected to the junction between the diode 110 and the transistor 111.
  • junction of the transistor 109 and the diode 110 is also connected to a subsequent transistor 113.
  • the other main electrode of the transistor 113 is connected to the base of the transistor 111.
  • the base of the transistor 113 is in turn connected to the junction between the Zener diode 105 and the resistor 106.
  • the other section of FIG. 2 is built up in substantially the same manner as the section already described.
  • the section described is the so-called first gating circuit (of FIG. 1) and the other section (right-hand section) of FIG. 2 is the second gating circuit.
  • the operation of the gating circuit is actually based on the fact that for a small potential difference between G1 and Q the transistor 109 is conducting and the transistor 111 is non-conducting so that the potential difference between 0, and Q is relatively high. For a large voltage difference between G1 and Q the two transistors 109 and 111 assume the opposite conducting conditions so that the voltage between Q1 and Q becomes relatively low.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further arrangement according to the invention.
  • input terminals 60 and 61 are intended to be connected to an alternating voltage of approximately 220 Volts, 50 Hz.
  • 62 and 63 are two incandescent lamps.
  • Box 64 is a common control signal generator which is comparable to generator of FIG. 1.
  • Two conductors 65 and 66 of this generator 64 lead to a first primary winding 67 of a transformer, the other primary winding 68 of which can be switched on the terminals 60 and 61.
  • the transformer has two secondary windings 69 and 70. Winding 69 is connected through a diode 71 to the control electrode of a thyristor 72.
  • Winding 70 is connected through a diode 73 to a second thyristor 74, i.e., to the control electrode of this second thyristor.
  • the thyristors 72 and 74 are arranged anti-parallel. Leads likewise pass from the cathode sides of the thyristors to the other sides of the said secondary windings of the transformer.
  • the two thyristors are arranged in series with the incandescent lamps 62 and 63 between the input terminals 60 and 61,
  • a threshold element (diac 75 and a first set of contacts 76a of a relay 76 are provided in series with the primary winding 68 of the transformer.
  • 77 denotes a measuring section.
  • the measuring section includes an opto-electronic coupling element 78 provided with a photosensitive transistor 79.
  • the transistor 79 is arranged in series with an energizing coil of relay 76, which series arrangement is connected to the terminals ofa direct voltage source 80. Furthermore the said energizing coil is shunted by a capacitor 81.
  • the transistor 79 of the coupling element will be rendered periodically conducting by a signal originating from the control generator 64.
  • a current flows through the circuit 80, 79, 76, 80 which maintains the contact 76a open.
  • the capacitor 81 also is charged.
  • This capacitor 81 is discharged in the non-conducting half cycles of the transistor 79 across the winding 76.
  • the relay remains permanently opened in the interference-free condition.
  • voltages will be induced in the normal manner through 64, 65, 66, 67 in the windings 69 and of the transformer, which voltages are passed to the control elec trodes of the thyristors 72, 74.
  • the breakdown voltage of the diac also determines the level of luminosity assumed by the lamps 62 and 63 after the occurrence of the interference in the control generator 64.
  • the relay 76 may be provided with another two pairs of contacts 761: and 760 as shown in FIG. 3. In fact, it can be achieved thereby that after the occurrence of an interference in the control generator 64 an extra resistor 83 is arranged in series with the incandescent lamps 62 and 63. If the contact 76a closes, the contact 76b opens and the contact 76c closes.
  • auxiliary control signal generator is equipped with a fixed RC circuit so as to realize a given phase shift between the auxiliary control signal and the voltage across the input terminals (such as 60, 61) and thus to realize a given lamp luminosity in the case of interference.
  • Apparatus for controlling the illumination of at least two groups of electric lamps comprising, means connecting the lamps of each group in series with a controlled semiconductor switching element. two input terminals for coupling a source of electric energy to said lamps, means connecting the combination of a lamp group and its series controlled semiconductor switching element in a branch across the two input terminals of the apparatus, a first control signal generator common to all of the semiconductor switching elements and having a connection to a control electrode of each of the controlled semiconductor switching elements, each lamp group including an auxiliary electric energy supply source for controlling said lamp group and an auxiliary control signal generator.
  • auxiliary control signal generator being responsive to the absence of a control signal across the connection to the common control signal generator so that the relevant auxiliary supply source and the relevant auxiliary control signal generator generate an auxiliary control signal for the control electrode of its respective controlled semiconductor switching element such that the lamp luminosity assumes a fixed value which at a maximum is equal to that which occurs in the continuously conducting condition of the semiconductor switching element and which at a minimum is equal to percent of said maximum value.
  • connection between the common control signal generator and a control electrode of one of the controlled semiconductor switching elements includes an optoelectronic coupling element.
  • An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a separate measuring section present near a lamp group for indicating the presence or absence of a control signal across the connection to the common control signal generator, said measuring section comprising a series arrangement of a capacitor and a resistor with means connecting said series arrangement to the auxiliary supply source only in the presence of a control signal, a discharge circuit for the capacitor connected in circuit such that the charge condition of the capacitor is a measure of the presence of absence of the control signal.
  • auxiliary supply source is a direct voltage source and the discharge circuit includes means connecting one of the terminals of the capacitor to the base of a transistor and the other terminal of the capacitor to a main electrode of said transistor.
  • auxiliary control signal generator includes two gating circuits in which an input of the first gating circuit is connected to a main electrode of the transistor and a first input of the second gating circuit is connected to an output of the first gating circuit and a second input of the second gating circuit is connected to a point in the measuring section which indicates the presence or absence of said control signal, both gating circuits having the property that an input signal of low voltage results in an output signal of high voltage and that the output voltage is low when the two inputs receive a high voltage.
  • each lamp group includes two thyristors connected in anti-parallel, each for one current direction, and an auxiliary control signal generator is present for each thyristor.
  • An apparatus as claimed in claim 8 further comprising a measuring section present near a lamp group for indicating the presence or absence of-a control signal across the connection to the common control signal generator, characterized in that in the absence of the control signal a branch comprising a primary winding of a transformer is connected to the auxiliary supply source and that two secondary windings of said transformer are connected to control electrodes of two antiparallel arranged controlled semiconductor rectifiers.
  • connection between the common control signal generator and the control electrodes includes a second primary winding of the transformer
  • An electric supply apparatus for a plurality of electric lamps comprising, a pair of input terminals for coupling a source of electric energy to the lamps, a plurality of controlled semiconductor switching elements, means connecting a first switching element in series with at least one lamp in a first branch across said input terminals, means connecting a second switching element in series with at least one other lamp in a second branch across said input terminals, a control signal generator common to all of the switching elements.
  • auxiliary control generators each individually coupled to a control electrode of a respective switching element for generating an auxiliary control signal therefor in the absence of the output control signal of the common signal generator at a particular switching element control electrode, and means responsive to the absence of the primary output control signal at one of more switching element control electrodes for activating the relevant auxiliary control generators to supply said auxiliary control signals to its as sociated switching elements so that the associated lamps are energized to emit a fixed value of luminance energy.
  • said activating means includes means for limiting the electric energy supplied to a lamp under auxiliary control to a fixed value which is a fraction of the energy supplied while the lamp is under the control of the common control signal generator.
  • auxiliary control generators include an RC circuit coupled to a DC voltage source and including a capacitor whose charge level is determined by the condition of the opto-electronic coupling means.
  • line 1 cancel "supply of lamps in which per lamp group” and insert lamp supply, includes;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
  • Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US347927A 1972-04-20 1973-04-04 Arrangement for the controllable supply of at least two groups of electric lamps Expired - Lifetime US3863104A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7205292.A NL159854B (nl) 1972-04-20 1972-04-20 Inrichting voor het regelbaar voeden van ten minste twee groepen elektrische lampen.

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US (1) US3863104A (ja)
JP (1) JPS567276B2 (ja)
AR (1) AR200259A1 (ja)
AT (1) AT337311B (ja)
BE (1) BE798427A (ja)
BR (1) BR7302793D0 (ja)
CA (1) CA1020219A (ja)
CH (1) CH567863A5 (ja)
DE (1) DE2316820A1 (ja)
ES (1) ES413893A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2180962B1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1416376A (ja)
IT (1) IT983941B (ja)
NL (1) NL159854B (ja)
NO (1) NO137980C (ja)
SE (1) SE378343B (ja)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4104562A (en) * 1976-11-17 1978-08-01 Traffic Systems, Inc. Traffic light dimmer system
US4234820A (en) * 1979-04-06 1980-11-18 Controlled Environments Systems Light regulation system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4197485A (en) * 1978-07-24 1980-04-08 Esquire, Inc. Optocoupler dimmer circuit for high intensity, gaseous discharge lamp
JPS6094783U (ja) * 1983-12-02 1985-06-28 エナジーサポート株式会社 碍子の接続端子におけるリード線の接続構造
DE3918809A1 (de) * 1989-06-09 1990-12-20 Strand Lighting Gmbh Dimmgeraet bestehend aus wenigstens zwei parallel geschalteten dimmern

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3421005A (en) * 1966-01-06 1969-01-07 Boeing Co Ambient light controlled solid state relay
US3555351A (en) * 1967-05-01 1971-01-12 Richard N Sherwin Thyristor operated photosensitive control for lamp bank display
US3601652A (en) * 1969-08-13 1971-08-24 Harry L Burnett Jr Slave flash light

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3421005A (en) * 1966-01-06 1969-01-07 Boeing Co Ambient light controlled solid state relay
US3555351A (en) * 1967-05-01 1971-01-12 Richard N Sherwin Thyristor operated photosensitive control for lamp bank display
US3601652A (en) * 1969-08-13 1971-08-24 Harry L Burnett Jr Slave flash light

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4104562A (en) * 1976-11-17 1978-08-01 Traffic Systems, Inc. Traffic light dimmer system
US4234820A (en) * 1979-04-06 1980-11-18 Controlled Environments Systems Light regulation system

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AR200259A1 (es) 1974-10-31
GB1416376A (en) 1975-12-03
FR2180962B1 (ja) 1976-05-28
DE2316820A1 (de) 1973-10-25
NO137980C (no) 1978-05-31
JPS4917071A (ja) 1974-02-15
IT983941B (it) 1974-11-11
NL159854B (nl) 1979-03-15
AT337311B (de) 1977-06-27
NL7205292A (ja) 1973-10-23
BE798427A (fr) 1973-10-18
ATA339873A (de) 1976-10-15
SE378343B (ja) 1975-08-25
CA1020219A (en) 1977-11-01
NO137980B (no) 1978-02-20
FR2180962A1 (ja) 1973-11-30
BR7302793D0 (pt) 1974-07-11
CH567863A5 (ja) 1975-10-15
ES413893A1 (es) 1976-01-16
JPS567276B2 (ja) 1981-02-17

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