US3861312A - Ignition device having an ignition sequence including fuse elements for preventing an unintentional release - Google Patents

Ignition device having an ignition sequence including fuse elements for preventing an unintentional release Download PDF

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Publication number
US3861312A
US3861312A US378587A US37858773A US3861312A US 3861312 A US3861312 A US 3861312A US 378587 A US378587 A US 378587A US 37858773 A US37858773 A US 37858773A US 3861312 A US3861312 A US 3861312A
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United States
Prior art keywords
ignition
fuse element
turbine generator
ignition device
generator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US378587A
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English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Held
Johann Spies
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Original Assignee
Messerschmitt Bolkow Blohm AG
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Publication date
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/06—Electric contact parts specially adapted for use with electric fuzes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/04—Electric fuzes with current induction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/28—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids
    • F42C15/295—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids operated by a turbine or a propeller; Mounting means therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/28—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids
    • F42C15/31—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids generated by the combustion of a pyrotechnic or explosive charge within the fuze

Definitions

  • An ignition device having an ignition sequence including fuse elements preventing an unintentional release of the pyrotechnic composition.
  • the ignition sequence is fed with voltage by a turbine generator upon reaching a predetermined rotation speed.
  • the turbine generator is supported movably as a part of the ignition sequence in relation to a fuse element and is movable into its position which unlocks the ignition sequence to a pyrotechnic composition which is fed by the generator voltage through a threshold. gate member.
  • the invention relates to an ignition device having an ignition sequence including fuse elements for preventing an unintentional release, which ignition sequence is fed with voltage by a turbine generator upon reaching a predetermined rotational speed.
  • the turbine is coupled to the generator through a centrifugal clutch.
  • the ignition system is supplied with voltage only beginning with a certain rotational speed of the spin-stabilized missle which must be ignited, that is, after a certain time of flight.
  • a further fuse element is a slotted disk which is coupled with the axis of the generator through a gearing. Only when the slot of this disk lies between an initial charge and a firing mass can an arc-through occur.
  • the disk carries furthermore switching contacts in order to permit a switching off of the ignition circuit or a self-decomposition of the missile when these switching contacts reach an active connection with opposite contacts, compare for example U.S. Pat. No. 3,140,651.
  • An ignition device having a turbine generator became known from U.S. Pat. No. 3,401,635 in which, through a separate pressure gas producing pyrotechnic composition or explosive charge, the turbine generator is driven. During the release of the charge, locks are opened which close the flow channels of the turbine. In this manner the turbine generator device is accelerated independently of air flow very quickly to its operating speed, and on the other side is protected during the usual handling of the projectile against the effects of air flow.
  • the turbine generator device can here not be used as a fuse element because the charge producing fuel gas is ignitable at any time and, therefore, a sufficient ignition voltage, independent from the presence of an air flow, can be supplied.
  • ignition devices can thus also not be used in explosive bodies of the type mentioned in the beginning Due to the missing spin or torsional force or sufficiently high accelerations which lie above the normal accelerations during handling, no significant forces occur in such explosive bodies which are identified as so called stray munition, which forces could be used as a release criteria for releasing the ignition device. Such explosive bodies have no own acceleration charge, but are tired with the aid of rocket warheads or are distributed fro charging containers loaded within the battlefield.
  • the basic purpose of the invention is to produce a new ignition device having an ignition sequence which has fuse elements which prevent an unintentional release, which ignition sequence is fed with voltage by a turbine generator, the mechanical structural parts of which are constructed smaller and sun pler than is known to date and in which a coaxial arrangement of turbine, fuse element and generator is lacking so that an ignition device is made possible without gearing and requires little space and is operational even after being stored for many years, which ignition device can be used for spin-free flying explosive bodies having the smallest of dimensions and which have explosive charges that are constructed for example as hollow charges or fragment charges.
  • this purpose is attained according to the invention in such a manner that the turbine generator is supported movably as a part of the ignition sequence in relation to a fuse element and is movable explosively into its position which unlocks the ignition sequence to an ignition pellet, which pellet is fed by the generator voltage through a threshold gate member.
  • the turbine generator which has a pole wheel, which is constructed as a turbine, is hereby held in the fuse position in a frame by means of a deforming element against the force of a spring, in which fuse position it blocks a fuse element carrying a detonator and is held against the force of a further spring in its fuse position and a further ignition pellet is associated with the detonator which is releasable through a timing element by the generator voltage as soon as the turbine generator is in the activated position into which it can be brought by the release of an explosive charge.
  • the fuse element carrying the transfer charge is thus held by both a mechanically an also an explosively releasable lock.
  • the threahold member is advantageously a four layer diode applied to the generator voltage through a capacitor.
  • the ignition chain has a battery activatable by the generator voltage, which battery after being activated feeds the ignition circuit through an electronic delay unit.
  • the ignition sequence has an activatable liquidammonia-battery with which is associated an explosive ignition pellet which at the same time effects the re lease of the lock of the fuse member carrying the ignition charge.
  • the inventive construction of the ignition device has a series of advantages.
  • the turbine extremely small because the force which is required for the various operational processes of the ignition operation is produced by electrically activatable elements and the turbine does not need to operate any mechanical fuse elements, like centrifugal clutches or the like.
  • the fuse element and turbine generator do not need to be arranged coaxially so that an optimum use of the available space is possible. Since furthermore clockworklike gearings, functioning as delay elements, are not needed. all servicing problems are overcome.
  • the construction of the turbine as a polewheel simplifies also the ignition device especially since the space and the weight for a special generator pole wheel can be saved.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional top view of an ignition device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the ignition device according W to FIG, 1 with the rotatingturbine generator device moved out;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line llIIll of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of the ignition device according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of the turbine generator
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a circuit diagram of the ignition device according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a modified circuit diagram of the ignition device according to FIG. 1.
  • a housing 1 is arranged within a cylindrical explosive body, which is here not illustrated, and includes an ignition device which will yet be described.
  • the housing 1 has a recess 2 which receives a rotating wheel-like turbine generator device G therein.
  • a spring 3 is utilized to urge the turbine generator device G toward one position, which is illustrated more in detail in FIG. 5, namely the position illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the turbine generator device G consists substantially of a multipart housing 5 which has a circular recess 6 therein, a through hole 7 the axis of which lies at a right angle to the axis of the recess 6 and an irregularly formed recess 8.
  • the recess 8 has stator laminations 11 mounted therein with induction coils l wound therearound.
  • the stator laminations are associated with a pole wheel 12 mounted for rotation in the circular recess 6.
  • the pole wheel 12 has wing-like poles 14 thereon extending outwardly therefrom.
  • the magnetic poles 14 of the pole wheel 12 rotatably supported in the cover plates 13, which poles are here not illustrated in detail, are at the same time constructed as rotating wings which extend into alignment with the through hole 7.
  • the housing has a shoulder 15 which lies against a deforming element 16 (FIG. 2) which is secured on the sidewall of an opening 18 in the housing I when the turbine generator device G is moved out of the recess 2.
  • a deforming element 16 FIG. 2
  • the turbine generator device G has a pyrotechnic composition 20 associated therewith which is provided within the space of the recess 2 occupied by the spring 3. This explosive charge lies in an ignition circuit which will be described later on.
  • a further recess 22 is provided in the housing I and is at a right angle to a recess 18.
  • a fuse element 23 is received in the recess 18.
  • the fuse element is supported for a pivoting, or swinging, movement of 90 in the housing 1 by means of a bolt 24.
  • a spring 25, which engages on one side the housing 1 and on the other side a slot on the bolt 24, urges the fuse element 23 to swing into the position illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the fuse element 23 is prevented from this swinging movement by the already mentioned deforming element 16 which is provided in the range of swing of the fuse element.
  • fuse element 23 has an offset through bore 26 which is filled with a detonator or primer 28.
  • a further bore 30 which is arranged at a right angle to the through bore 26 connects, in the armed position illustrated in FIG. 3, the detonator or primer to a further offset bore 31 in the housing 1 having an ignition pellet 32 arranged therein.
  • the fuse element 23 has furthermore a groove 34 therein which is located in an outer surface, which groove 34 is engaged by a fuse pin.
  • the fuse pin is provided on a bolt 36 which is mounted in the housing I and which, as soon as the explosive body has left it charging container or the like, moves under the influ- V V ence of a spring, which is here not illustrated. into the position illustrated in FIG. 4. In this position. the fuse pin 35 is out of engagement with the groove 34 of the fuse element 32.
  • a tube 39 is furthermore connected to the housing 1, which tube 39 includes a draw-in wire 40.
  • a pull switch 42 (FIG. 6 only) is closed by the draw-in wire 40, as soon as the explosive body has left its charging container.
  • the pull switch 42 lies in the ignition circuit which will be described below.
  • a further switch 43 is secured on a plate 44 on which is mounted a part of the ignition electronics which will be described below, and which is operated by a rod 45.
  • a further plate 46 which is arranged above the recess 2 has a portion of the ignition electronics mounted thereon which as stated above will be described below.
  • the turbine generator device G which supplies an ac. voltage charges through a resistor R, and a diode D, to a capacitor C,. whereby the charging time of the capacitor C, is governed by the magnitude of the resistor R, which is composed of the generator inner resistance and the outer resistance.
  • the magnitude of the generator voltage is determined by the rotational speed of the pole wheel 12 and by further design characteristics of the generator
  • a voltage-dependent switch for example in the form of a four layer diode D or a MOS switch, is connected to the capacitor C and diode D, which switch is connected in series with the explosive charge 20.
  • a further diode D is connected through the normally closed switch 43 to the capacitor C,, through which diode D, an ignition capacitor C is charged to approximately the same voltage as the capacitor C,.
  • An electronic timing element 47 is fed through the diode D which, if the pull switch 42 is closed, causes the ignition pellet 32 to react. If during this instant the fuse element is in the armed position, illustrated in FIG. 3, the detonator or firing material 28 is ignited through the ignition pellet, which detonator material releases the here not illustrated explosive charge of the explosive body.
  • the bolt 36 and thus the fuse pin 35 moves into the position illustrated in FIG. 4 and thereby disengages from the fuse element 23.
  • the turbine generator device G has been moved by the spring 3 away from the position illustrated in FIG. 1 to the position illustrated in FIG. 2 so that it can be rotated by the air surrounding it.
  • the capacitor C is charged by the voltage now produced by the turbine generator device G.
  • the switch 43 is opened by a movement of the rod 45 so that the circuit consisting of diode D and ignition capacitor C is separated from the turbine generator device G.
  • the ignition capacitor C is charged only to the voltage which is predetermined by the voltage-dependent switch D If now the timing element 47 releases an ignition impulse, then same causes, as already mentioned, the igni tion pellet 32 to react and releases through this the detonator or firing material 28.
  • an activatable battery 48 is actuated.
  • the battery 48 is, for example, a liquid-ammoniabattery which consists of an electrochemical system 49 and a gas container 50 containing ammonia. After the activation of the battery 48, same supplies the ignition circuit consisting of the already mentioned timing element 47 and the ignition pellet 32.
  • a filter can be connected in a conventional manner between the generator and diode D, so that by choosing the frequency zone of the filter, the explosive body is supplied with voltage only after reaching a certain fall velocitycorresponding to a certain rotational speed of the turbine generator.
  • the turbine generator device can be stored in a different location than the fuse element, whereby the releasing criteria can be transmitted in the form of a voltage surge or impulse through electrical lines to the location ofthe fuse element so that an extremely compact structure and the use of mechanically simple connecting devices is possible.
  • an ignition device including a turbine generator and having an ignition sequence including a fuse element prevented from an unintentional release, which ignition sequence is fed with voltage by said turbine generator upon reaching a predetermined rotational speed
  • the improvement comprised in that the turbine generator is supported movably, as a part of the ignition sequence, in relation to said fuse element and is movable into an unlocking position which unlocks the ignition sequence to a pyrotechnic composition and including a threshold gate member, said pyrotechnic composition being fed by the generator voltage through said threshold gate member.
  • the turbine generator has a housing and a pole whecl con structed as a windmill and disposed in said housing, said turbine generator being held in a fuse locking position by means of a deforming element and against the force of a spring, in which fuse lockingposition of said turbine generator, said deforming element blocks said fuse element, holding said fuse element against the force of a further spring, said fuse element carrying a primer, a further ignition pellet associated with the primer, and a timing element, said pellet being releaseable through said timing element by the generator voltage as soon as the turbine generator is in said unlocking position.
  • Ignition device in which said fuse element has an armed position to which it is movable in response to turbine generator movement, and including an ignition circuit incorporating a switch operable by said fuse element as soon as said fuse element is released to said armed position.
  • the threshold member is a four-layer diode and including a capacitor chargeable by the generator voltage and coupled to said threshold member.
  • Ignition device including an ignition circuit and an electronic delay unit, in which the ignition sequence has a battery which can be acti vated through the generator voltage and which after being activated feeds the ignition circuit through the electronic delay unit.
  • Ignition device in which said fuse element carries a primer and the activatable battery is a liquid-ammonia-battery, said pryotechnic composition being an ignition pellet energizable for activating said battery and simultaneously for releasing the primer to an armed position ready to be fired by said ignition circuit.
  • An ignition device in which said fuse element has an armed position to which it is movable by said further spring and including an ignition circuit incorporating a switch operable by said fuse element as soon as said fuse element is released to said armed position.
  • said threshold member is a four-layer diode and including a capacitor chargeable by the generator voltage and coupled to the threshold member for causing the latter to activate said pyrotechnic composition.

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US378587A 1972-07-15 1973-07-12 Ignition device having an ignition sequence including fuse elements for preventing an unintentional release Expired - Lifetime US3861312A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2234849A DE2234849C3 (de) 1972-07-15 1972-07-15 Von einem Windradgenerator gespeiste Zündeinrichtung, insbesondere für aus Flugzeugen abwerfbare Bomblets

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US3861312A true US3861312A (en) 1975-01-21

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US378587A Expired - Lifetime US3861312A (en) 1972-07-15 1973-07-12 Ignition device having an ignition sequence including fuse elements for preventing an unintentional release

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US (1) US3861312A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2234849C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2193191B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1433377A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT992624B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4027593A (en) * 1976-02-12 1977-06-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Multi-directional system for electrical bomb fuzes
US4031827A (en) * 1976-03-04 1977-06-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Pop-up cover for slipstream generator
US4656943A (en) * 1984-12-07 1987-04-14 Motorola, Inc. Low profile, pivoted generator
US4679503A (en) * 1984-05-19 1987-07-14 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Detonator securing device
US4727810A (en) * 1986-03-27 1988-03-01 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Safe and arm device for a secondary-explosive detonator
US4993462A (en) * 1988-06-25 1991-02-19 Graviner Limited Fluid flow control arrangement
US5415100A (en) * 1993-12-22 1995-05-16 Base Ten Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for setting missile fuze delay
US20080105113A1 (en) * 2006-10-04 2008-05-08 Arthur Schneider Supercapacitor power supply
US20130284042A1 (en) * 2012-04-26 2013-10-31 Hi-Shear Technology Corporation Pyrotechnic electric generator
US20180340760A1 (en) * 2017-05-23 2018-11-29 Omnitek Partners Llc Integrated Event Detection and Electrical Generator Devices For A Gravity Dropped or Ejected Weapons

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2824147C2 (de) * 1978-06-02 1982-05-06 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Vorrichtung zur Energieversorgung von Zündern und Zündsicherungseinrichtungen
DE3317376A1 (de) * 1983-05-13 1984-11-15 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Sicherheitsschaltung fuer projektil-zuenderschaltung
FR2986613B1 (fr) * 2012-02-08 2015-01-02 Mbda France Procede pour la levee d'une securite de mise a feu et projectile mettant en oeuvre ce procede

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2680407A (en) * 1945-06-04 1954-06-08 Us Navy Arming system
US2795190A (en) * 1945-06-04 1957-06-11 Ralph N Harmon Turbine driven fuze
US2985105A (en) * 1947-05-27 1961-05-23 Rabinow Jacob Wind-operated delayed arming fuze
US3140661A (en) * 1946-11-19 1964-07-14 Allen S Clarke Generator-powered fuze
US3377954A (en) * 1952-01-31 1968-04-16 Army Usa Explosive-started generator
US3401635A (en) * 1951-06-22 1968-09-17 Army Usa Fast starting turbine for a projectile fuse

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2680407A (en) * 1945-06-04 1954-06-08 Us Navy Arming system
US2795190A (en) * 1945-06-04 1957-06-11 Ralph N Harmon Turbine driven fuze
US3140661A (en) * 1946-11-19 1964-07-14 Allen S Clarke Generator-powered fuze
US2985105A (en) * 1947-05-27 1961-05-23 Rabinow Jacob Wind-operated delayed arming fuze
US3401635A (en) * 1951-06-22 1968-09-17 Army Usa Fast starting turbine for a projectile fuse
US3377954A (en) * 1952-01-31 1968-04-16 Army Usa Explosive-started generator

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4027593A (en) * 1976-02-12 1977-06-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Multi-directional system for electrical bomb fuzes
US4031827A (en) * 1976-03-04 1977-06-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Pop-up cover for slipstream generator
US4679503A (en) * 1984-05-19 1987-07-14 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Detonator securing device
US4656943A (en) * 1984-12-07 1987-04-14 Motorola, Inc. Low profile, pivoted generator
US4727810A (en) * 1986-03-27 1988-03-01 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Safe and arm device for a secondary-explosive detonator
US4993462A (en) * 1988-06-25 1991-02-19 Graviner Limited Fluid flow control arrangement
US5415100A (en) * 1993-12-22 1995-05-16 Base Ten Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for setting missile fuze delay
US20080105113A1 (en) * 2006-10-04 2008-05-08 Arthur Schneider Supercapacitor power supply
US7946209B2 (en) * 2006-10-04 2011-05-24 Raytheon Company Launcher for a projectile having a supercapacitor power supply
US20130284042A1 (en) * 2012-04-26 2013-10-31 Hi-Shear Technology Corporation Pyrotechnic electric generator
US8763531B2 (en) * 2012-04-26 2014-07-01 Hi-Shear Technology Corporation Pyrotechnic electric generator
US20180340760A1 (en) * 2017-05-23 2018-11-29 Omnitek Partners Llc Integrated Event Detection and Electrical Generator Devices For A Gravity Dropped or Ejected Weapons
US10488169B2 (en) * 2017-05-23 2019-11-26 Omnitek Partners Llc Integrated event detection and electrical generator devices for a gravity dropped or ejected weapons
US20200103211A1 (en) * 2017-05-23 2020-04-02 Omnitek Partners Llc Integrated Event Detection and Electrical Generator Devices for Gravity Dropped or Ejected Weapons
US10876824B2 (en) * 2017-05-23 2020-12-29 Omnitek Partners Llc Integrated event detection and electrical generator devices for gravity dropped or ejected weapons

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2193191B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-06-18
IT992624B (it) 1975-09-30
FR2193191A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-02-15
DE2234849A1 (de) 1974-01-31
GB1433377A (en) 1976-04-28
DE2234849C3 (de) 1979-11-22
DE2234849B2 (de) 1979-04-05

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