US3859869A - Ratchet mechanism - Google Patents

Ratchet mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
US3859869A
US3859869A US399242A US39924273A US3859869A US 3859869 A US3859869 A US 3859869A US 399242 A US399242 A US 399242A US 39924273 A US39924273 A US 39924273A US 3859869 A US3859869 A US 3859869A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
ratchet mechanism
ratchet
ratchet wheel
tool
pawls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US399242A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Max Pasbrig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lacrex Brevetti SA
Original Assignee
Lacrex Brevetti SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lacrex Brevetti SA filed Critical Lacrex Brevetti SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3859869A publication Critical patent/US3859869A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
    • B25B13/461—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member
    • B25B13/462—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis
    • B25B13/463—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis a pawl engaging an externally toothed wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/10—Spanners; Wrenches with adjustable jaws
    • B25B13/105—Spanners; Wrenches with adjustable jaws composed of a plurality of slidable pins
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/15—Intermittent grip type mechanical movement
    • Y10T74/1558—Grip units and features
    • Y10T74/1577—Gripper mountings, lever
    • Y10T74/1579—Reversible
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2133—Pawls and ratchets

Definitions

  • the ratchet mechanism of the present invention includes a ratchet wheel rotatably positioned on a base plate and includes a plurality of crescent-shaped teeth forming crescent-shaped gaps between the teeth for engaging a pair of pawl elements simultaneously or selectively.
  • Lever means are provided for actuating the pawl elethe end of a tool, thereby imparting rotatable motion thereto.
  • This invention relates to a ratchet mechanism for use with screwdrivers, box-spanners or similarly operable tools having a substantially rod-shaped or columnar tool handle mounted on the rear end of the tool shank, the mechanism comprising a ratchet wheel and pawls selectively engageable with said wheel bymeans of a shift-lever.
  • Ratchet mechanisms built into a screwdriver or similarly operable tool, and more particularly into the handle of such a tool, for the purpose of enabling either the advance or the reversal of the actuating element relative to the operative part of the-tool, are well known. It is a decisive drawback of such known tools that the built-in ratchet mechanism very considerably reduces their load-taking capacity. Besides, the building-in of the ratchet mechanism largely increases the manufacturing costs of such tools.
  • the ratchet wheel is as- It is of special advantage if the driver member comprises a number of tongue elements which project from a base along a circular line, preferably in equidistant relationship.
  • the tongues are resilient or springy to ensure increased adaptability of the driver member to too! handles of different size and contour. If the driver member is constituted by a shell consisting of resiliently .displaceable rod-like elements, then the adaptability of the driver member can be extended, within limits to practically any handle size and/or shape.
  • the ratchet mechanism may with advantage be encased within a handle housing designed to enable easy manual handling thereof, a slanted projection or arm extending from the housing increasing very considerably the operability of the tool.
  • the ratchet mechanism according to the invention is very simple in design and, therefore, it can be manufactured at low cost. Its foremost advantage lies in that it is not inseparably associated with'one specific tool, but can be used selectively on a variety of different tools. This advantage is particularly noticeable if, for instance, a number of spanners on one and the same body of a motor or of any other machine are to be tightened one after the other, by means of a manually operable ratchet.
  • FIG. 1 shows one preferred embodiment of the present invention in side elevation
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows the driver member in side elevation
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of the drive member of FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary plan view which shows the pawls of the mechanism in position for the tool operation in one direction
  • FIG. 6 is a fragmentary plan view which shows the pawls in their position for the tool operation in the opposite direction
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show in longitudinal section two modified forms of the shaped driver member of the ratchet mechanism.
  • the mechanism comprises a two-part handle housing 1, a shaped driver member 2, and the ratchet mechanism 3.
  • the driver member consists of a number of separated driver elements or tongues 10 which project from a circular line on the ratchet wheel 6, the line being concentric with the rotational axis of said wheel.
  • the upper or tip portion 11 of the driver element 10 is of a smaller cross-section than the base portion resulting in a tapered configuration as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • the ratchet wheel 6 is rotatably mounted on a base plate 8. At its periphery the wheel is provided with teeth 6 of substantially crescent-shaped outer contour.
  • the pawls 4 and 5 are adapted to engage, respectively, each into one of two of the likewise substantially crescent-shaped gaps between pairs of consecutive teeth of the wheel 6.
  • the pawls are likewise formed with substantially crescent-shaped engagement ends 4 and 5', respectively.
  • the crescent-shape configuration of the pawl ends, of the teeth of the ratchet wheel 6, and of the gaps between those teeth provide comparatively large engagement surfaces and, consequently, a large loading capacity and adequate power transmission achievable with the mechanism. Besides, such crescent-shaped engagement surfaces possess increased wear resistance.
  • the pawls are oscillatableabout pivot pins 4" and 5" secured to the base plate 8.
  • the actuation of the pawls is effected by a shift-lever 17, which is likewise oscillatable on a pin relative to the base plate 8 against the action of a spring 16 by which the pawls 4 and 5 are each biased in the direction of the engagement with the respective spring.
  • FIG. 5 shows the pawl 4, and FIG. 6 the pawl 5 in its position of engagement with one of the opposite ends of the spring 16.
  • both pawls are shown to be in engagement with the ratchet wheel 6, the lever 17 thus locking the wheel to the base plate, and the tool handle connected with the mechanism against rotation in either direction of rotation.
  • the driver member may have a bottom element of its own, such as 12', to which the tongue elements 10 of-the driver are secured. As a rule, however, it is simpler to use the ratchet wheel 6 as the bottom for the driver member.
  • the tongue-like elements 10 of the driver member are preferably resilient so that they can yield to pressure exerted in radial directions. This permits the establishment of a firm, force-locked engagement of the driver with differently contoured tool handles. Within limits, it also enables securing the ratchet mechanism to tool handles of different sizes (diameters).
  • a band 18 in tension is preferably provided around the tongues near the free ends of the latter. The band 18 may be elastic, if so desired.
  • a closed band 18 it is also possible to use an open band which, after placing on the driver member, can effect clamping of the latter onto a tool handle by means of a tensioning eccentric or of an equivalent tightener.
  • the driver member consists of a casing or jacket 12 having a bottom 12, a resilient cushion 13 which, e.g., may be made of foam material, or may be an air cushion or the like and a multitude of displaceable rod-like elements 14 which can be pushed back against the restoring force exerted by the cushion 13, then the adaptability to conventional tool handles 15 (FIG. 8) is practically unlimited.
  • a resilient cushion 13 which, e.g., may be made of foam material, or may be an air cushion or the like and a multitude of displaceable rod-like elements 14 which can be pushed back against the restoring force exerted by the cushion 13, then the adaptability to conventional tool handles 15 (FIG. 8) is practically unlimited.
  • the rod-like elements 14 must be secured against escape from the casing. They are packed into such closely adjacent positions that the torque can be transferred from the ratchet mechanism to a clamped- 1 in tool handle without slip. If so desired, the housing or casing 12 may be made in one piece with the ratchet wheel.
  • the driver may bemade simple from a tube section adapted, e.g. machined, to-match the contour of conventional tool handles.
  • a ratchet mechanism for use in connection with a variety of hand tools such as screwdrivers boxprising a base, a ratchet wheel rotatably secured to said base, a plurality of oscillatable pawls in operative engagement with said ratchet wheel, a shift-lever for actuating said pawls into operative engagement with said ratchet wheel, driver means substantially co-axial with the rotational axis of said ratchet wheel adapted to be mounted on or slipped over the end of a tool handle whereby reversible rotation can be readily imparted to said tool handle during use.
US399242A 1972-10-11 1973-09-20 Ratchet mechanism Expired - Lifetime US3859869A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1489172 1972-10-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3859869A true US3859869A (en) 1975-01-14

Family

ID=4404611

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US399242A Expired - Lifetime US3859869A (en) 1972-10-11 1973-09-20 Ratchet mechanism

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3859869A (de)
JP (1) JPS4973798A (de)
CA (1) CA989651A (de)
CH (1) CH547153A (de)
DE (1) DE2315288C3 (de)
GB (1) GB1445385A (de)
ZA (1) ZA737369B (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5598651A (en) * 1994-12-19 1997-02-04 Milwaukee Sign Co., Inc. Sign mechanism having traversable web
US7299720B1 (en) 2006-01-20 2007-11-27 Snap-On Incorporated Reversible ratchet wrench
US20100024607A1 (en) * 2008-08-01 2010-02-04 Thompson Christopher D Extended low-torque ratchet wrench
EP3517246A4 (de) * 2016-09-26 2020-05-13 Toolsland Invent.Co. Ltd Universeller ratschensteckschlüssel
US11931868B2 (en) * 2021-06-17 2024-03-19 L&T Technology Services Limited Wrench head for a universal wrench

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2620001A (en) * 1950-03-31 1952-12-02 Kipton Ind Inc Tool handle
US2627757A (en) * 1949-05-10 1953-02-10 Harold S Austin Stop mechanism for step-by-step plungers
US2711112A (en) * 1953-11-30 1955-06-21 Adrien E Durand Multiple socket wrench
US3698267A (en) * 1970-12-18 1972-10-17 Jon R Denney Fastener actuator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2627757A (en) * 1949-05-10 1953-02-10 Harold S Austin Stop mechanism for step-by-step plungers
US2620001A (en) * 1950-03-31 1952-12-02 Kipton Ind Inc Tool handle
US2711112A (en) * 1953-11-30 1955-06-21 Adrien E Durand Multiple socket wrench
US3698267A (en) * 1970-12-18 1972-10-17 Jon R Denney Fastener actuator

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5598651A (en) * 1994-12-19 1997-02-04 Milwaukee Sign Co., Inc. Sign mechanism having traversable web
US7299720B1 (en) 2006-01-20 2007-11-27 Snap-On Incorporated Reversible ratchet wrench
US20100024607A1 (en) * 2008-08-01 2010-02-04 Thompson Christopher D Extended low-torque ratchet wrench
US7775141B2 (en) 2008-08-01 2010-08-17 Snap-On Incorporated Extended low-torque ratchet wrench
EP3517246A4 (de) * 2016-09-26 2020-05-13 Toolsland Invent.Co. Ltd Universeller ratschensteckschlüssel
US11931868B2 (en) * 2021-06-17 2024-03-19 L&T Technology Services Limited Wrench head for a universal wrench

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH547153A (de) 1974-03-29
AU5781173A (en) 1975-01-09
ZA737369B (en) 1974-10-30
JPS4973798A (de) 1974-07-16
DE2315288C3 (de) 1975-09-04
DE2315288B2 (de) 1975-01-30
GB1445385A (en) 1976-08-11
CA989651A (en) 1976-05-25
DE2315288A1 (de) 1974-04-25

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