US3858444A - Angle nut runner with integral torque transducer means of obtaining value of delivered torque - Google Patents

Angle nut runner with integral torque transducer means of obtaining value of delivered torque Download PDF

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Publication number
US3858444A
US3858444A US331105A US33110573A US3858444A US 3858444 A US3858444 A US 3858444A US 331105 A US331105 A US 331105A US 33110573 A US33110573 A US 33110573A US 3858444 A US3858444 A US 3858444A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
transducer
torque
motor
housing
nut runner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US331105A
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English (en)
Inventor
William K Wallace
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co LLC
Original Assignee
Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co LLC filed Critical Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co LLC
Priority to US331105A priority Critical patent/US3858444A/en
Priority to IT53994/73A priority patent/IT997693B/it
Priority to NL7316655A priority patent/NL7316655A/xx
Priority to ZA739522A priority patent/ZA739522B/xx
Priority to FR7346555A priority patent/FR2217124B1/fr
Priority to BE139499A priority patent/BE809372A/xx
Priority to CA189,796A priority patent/CA1031996A/en
Priority to GB206174A priority patent/GB1407941A/en
Priority to JP49008192A priority patent/JPS49106698A/ja
Priority to IN135/CAL/74A priority patent/IN139067B/en
Priority to DE2402824A priority patent/DE2402824A1/de
Priority to AT67574A priority patent/AT337120B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3858444A publication Critical patent/US3858444A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/145—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for fluid operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/145—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for fluid operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/1456—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for fluid operated wrenches or screwdrivers having electrical components

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT 22 Ffled 9 1973 A nut running tool having a rotary air driven vane Y motor for transmitting torque to a nut or the like to be pp N94 331,105 tightened, and having reaction torque responsive transducer means integrated with the tool and con- 52 us.
  • the transducer is Connected 51 1111.01 B2511 23/14 y means of an electrical cable running through the 58 Field 01 Search 73/136 R, 139,88 F; handle of the tool to an Outlet P adapted for 173 2 nection with an external strain gage instrument.
  • the latter is adapted to provide a visible reading of the 5 References Cited value of torque that the tool applies to the work.
  • Tools of this general nature are especially suited for use in assembly operations in the automotive and machine industries, and in other areas wherein the value of the torque that is applied in the tightening of threaded fasteners must be known and controlled to meet high standards of safety, quality, durability and the like.
  • a tool for this general purpose is known from US. Pat. No. 3,596,718, wherein an electro-mechanical transducer housed within the tool is employed for obtaining the value oftorque delivered to the work.
  • an element of the transducer mechanism serves as a driving member to transmit torque of the motor to the work, and also reacts to the applied torque to induce an electrical signal in a surrounding induction coil for transmission to an external indicating circuit.
  • a general objective of the present invention is to incorporate within the tool as an integral part thereof a reaction torque transducer of an improved nature. It is also an object to provide in the tool a reaction torque transducer which is not a member in the torque drive between the motor and the work, and which does not have a surrounding electrical induction mechanism.
  • FIG. I is a sectional view of an angle head nut running tool embodying the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view, taken on line 22 of FIG. 1 of the rear portion of the tool including the associated hose line;
  • FIG. 3 is a detail section taken on line 3-3 of FIG. 4 showing the connection of the transducer with the motor housing;
  • FIG. 4 is a right or rear end view of the transducer shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a detail showing the connection of the electric cable with the transducer.
  • the tool includes a general housing comprising a succession of sections coupled in end to end linear rela- 2 tionship.
  • a manually operable throttle valve 10 in a handle section 11 of the housing is employed to feed live supply air through connecting passage means 12 in the housing to drive an air motor 13 located in a motor section I4 of the housing. Rotation of the motor is transmitted through a rotor shaft 15 to an elongated drive shaft 16 and .a double stage of reduction gearing 17 to drive spindle 18 in an angle head front end section I9 of the housing.
  • the spindle is geared in conventional manner at 21 to a drive shank 22 fitted with a work socket 23.
  • the socket is engageable with the work W that is to be torqued, which may be a nut, bolt head or the like.
  • V A spool-form straingage transducer element. 24 (FIGS. 1, 3, 4), has a connection at one end to a double ring gear member 25 of the reduction gearing and is coupled at its opposite end to the motor housing sec tion 14. It is adapted in response to reaction torque transmitted back to it from the work, as when the work is set to a predetermined tightness, to produce a pulse or strain signal in a connected cable 26.
  • the cable connects the transducer with an electrical outlet plug 27 (FIG. 2) fitted in a manifold block28. The latter is coupled to a hose line 29 fitted to the end of the handle.
  • the plug is adapted for connection by means of an external cord line 31 in an electrical circuit of a conventional strain gage indicator instrument, schematically shown at 32 (broken line).
  • the latter responds in conventional manner to a pulse developed by reaction torque of the transducer in the circuit to visibly indicate upon a dial the value of torque applied to the work.
  • Direct current excitation to the transducer is fed in conventional manner from the indicator instrument over the cordline 31 and cable 26.
  • the motor 13 is of a conventional air driven vane type. It has arotor 33 operable in a chamber 34 provided by a liner 35. The latter is fixed in usual manner to the housing. Chamber 34 is closed at opposite ends by plates 36 and 37. These carry bearings 38 in which the rotor shaft ends 15 and 39 are supported.
  • the motor is of a stall torque type; it will stall when a predetermined torque resistance is developed by the work.
  • the transducer 24 is located between the motor and the reduction gearing 17 in a housing section 41.
  • Sec tion 41 has an internal threaded connection 42 at its rear with the motor housing 14, and is coupled at its front end by means of a nut clamp 14 to the angle head section 19.
  • the rotor shaft 15 has a splined driving connection with a bushing 44 fixed internally of a rear end hub 45 of the drive shaft 16.
  • the latter shaft extends coaxially through the transducer element 24 with a slight surrounding clearance 46.
  • a forward end of the drive shaft carries a pinion 47 which is engaged with idler gears 48 mounted in afirst gear cage 49 of the reduction gearing.
  • the idler gears engage a first internal ring gear portion 51 of the double gear member 25; and they are rotatable relative to the latter to cause rotation in a forward direction of the gear cage 49' and a pinion 52 carried by the latter.
  • Pinion 52 is engaged with a second set of idler gears 53 mounted in a second gear cage 54 of the reduction gearing.
  • the idlers 53 are in turn meshed with a second ring gear portion 55 of the double gear member; and they are rotatable relative to the: latter to drive gear cage 54 in a forward direction.
  • Cage 54 has an internal splined driving connection at 56 with the spindle 18 whereby torque from the motor is finally transmissable through the spindle to the work.
  • the double ring gear member 25 is not directly connected to, nor directly restrained rotatively by the tools housing; but it is indirectly connected to and restrained rotatively by the tools housing through the transducer element 24. While this indirect connection exerts a restraining torque load upon the double gear member 25 so as to allow the gear cages 49 and 54 to rotate forwardly relative to the double gear member in transmitting torque to the work, it nevertheless does allow a limited degree of strain or torquing of the transducer member in a reverse direction in response to reaction torque returned from the tightened work.
  • the double gear member has a rear internal threaded connection with an adapter ring 57 which, in turn, has a rear internal threaded connection with a cylindrical front head 58 of the transducer.
  • the adapter ring is rotatably supported upon a bearing 59 that is fitted upon a rear hub of gear cage 49.
  • the transducer is of a hollow spool form having front and rear heads 58, 61 joined by an axially extending elongated neck 62 (FIGS. 1, 3 4).
  • the transducer is open through its ends.
  • the neck portion is of reduced diameter relative to the heads and is of thin wall structure. This form of the transducer enables it to twist or strain resiliently to a limited degree under reaction torque load transmitted to it from the work.
  • the transducer is supported so as to obtain an internal clearance 46 between it and the drive shaft 16. In this arrangement, the transducer will not be frictionally encumbered by the latter.
  • its front head 58 is supported upon an'internal bearing 63 fitted upon the drive shaft.
  • its rear head 61 has a peripheral shoulder 64 seated in a collar 65. The collar is seated upon an annular shoulder of the housing 41 and the transducer head 61 is rigidly clamped between the collar and a shoulder 70 of the motor housing by force of the housing connection at 42.
  • the rear head 61 of the transducer is in an interlocking relationship with the motor housing 14 by means of a pair of keys 66 and by the clamping force resulting from the threaded connection at 42 of the transducer housing 41 with the motor housing 14 (FIGS. 1, 3, 4) whereby the transducer head 61 is restrained against axial and angular movements.
  • the keys are seated upon diametrically opposed surface areas of the transducer head 61 and are retained in such positions by the walls of slots 68 in which they partly extend by pins 67 fitted in holes of the head. At one end, the keys are fitted in part in the complementary slots 68 of the transducer, and opposite portions of the keys are fitted in complementary slots 69 in the end wall of the motor housing.
  • the transducer has been located directly ahead of the motor because of a desirable advantage such an arrangement provides. This makes it easier to bring or extendthe transducer cable 26 through the tool to a convenient exit location at the rear of the handle without the necessity of using external tubes or connectors, as might otherwise be required.
  • the. cable has a forward terminal 71 threadedly connected in a hole 72 of the transducer head 61 (FIGS. 1, 5).
  • the flexible cable is confined in a surface notch or groove 73 extending in the surface of the motor liner and the adjacent handle housing section 11; and it passes from the notch through a sleeve 74 (FIG. 2) of the handle section.
  • the cable is coupled to a cable extension 26a.
  • the latter passes through the sleeve 74, the hose line 29 and the manifold 28 to the electrical outlet plug 27.
  • the latter is mounted in the manifold and the manifold is coupled to the hose line beyond the end of the handle.
  • An air supply line inlet fitting 75 also connected to the manifold, communicates by means ofa feed tube 76 through the hose line and handle with a passage to the throttle valve 10.
  • FIG. 1 There is interconnected (FIG. 1) intermediately of the passage means- 12 and the throttle valve 10 centrifugally operable air shut-off control mechanism 77 which responds to stalling of the motor to automatically shut off further air flow to the motor.
  • FIG. 1 An understanding of the operation of the shut-off control mechanism is not required for the present invention. It is, however, explained in a co-pending US. Pat. application Ser. No. 301,942, filed Oct. 30, 1972.
  • a nut runner having integral transducer means for transmitting to an external strain gage indicatorelectrical instrument a reaction torque signal comprising: an air driven torque motor; reduction gear means connected for transmitting torque of the motor to a workpiece; an internal ring gear engaged by and relative'to which the reduction gear means rotates in transmitting the torque of the motor to the work; an elongated reaction torque responsive transducer; a housing containing the motor, gear means, ring gear, and the transducer;
  • a nut runner having integral transducer means for transmitting to an external strain gage indicator electrical instrument a reaction torque signal comprising: an air driven torque motor; reduction gear means connected for transmitting torque of the motor to a workpiece; an internal ring gear engaged by and relative to which the reduction gear means rotates in transmitting the torque of the motor to the work; an elongated reaction torque responsive transducer; a housing containing the motor, gear means, ring gear, and the transducer;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
US331105A 1973-02-09 1973-02-09 Angle nut runner with integral torque transducer means of obtaining value of delivered torque Expired - Lifetime US3858444A (en)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US331105A US3858444A (en) 1973-02-09 1973-02-09 Angle nut runner with integral torque transducer means of obtaining value of delivered torque
IT53994/73A IT997693B (it) 1973-02-09 1973-11-29 Perfezionamento nei giradadi a coppia di gerraggio controllata
NL7316655A NL7316655A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-09 1973-12-05
ZA739522A ZA739522B (en) 1973-02-09 1973-12-18 Angle nut runner with integral torque transducer means of obtaining value of delivered torque
FR7346555A FR2217124B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-09 1973-12-27
BE139499A BE809372A (fr) 1973-02-09 1974-01-03 Cle dynamometrique
CA189,796A CA1031996A (en) 1973-02-09 1974-01-09 Angle nut runner with integral torque transducer means of obtaining value of delivered torque
GB206174A GB1407941A (en) 1973-02-09 1974-01-16 Nut runner with integral torque transducer means of obtaining value of delivered torque
JP49008192A JPS49106698A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-09 1974-01-17
IN135/CAL/74A IN139067B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-09 1974-01-18
DE2402824A DE2402824A1 (de) 1973-02-09 1974-01-22 Winkelschrauber mit integralem drehmomentuebertrager
AT67574A AT337120B (de) 1973-02-09 1974-01-28 Winkelschrauber

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US331105A US3858444A (en) 1973-02-09 1973-02-09 Angle nut runner with integral torque transducer means of obtaining value of delivered torque

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3858444A true US3858444A (en) 1975-01-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US331105A Expired - Lifetime US3858444A (en) 1973-02-09 1973-02-09 Angle nut runner with integral torque transducer means of obtaining value of delivered torque

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3858444A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS49106698A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT337120B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE809372A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1031996A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2402824A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2217124B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1407941A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IN (1) IN139067B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT997693B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7316655A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA739522B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3920082A (en) * 1973-05-14 1975-11-18 Thor Power Tool Co Power tool with torque sensing control means
US3995477A (en) * 1974-02-26 1976-12-07 Black & Decker Limited Torque spanners
US4055080A (en) * 1974-11-11 1977-10-25 Farr Emory W Torquing apparatus
US4060137A (en) * 1976-05-03 1977-11-29 Raymond Engineering Inc. Torque wrench
US4223555A (en) * 1973-10-09 1980-09-23 Rockwell International Corporation Fastener tools
US4281538A (en) * 1973-05-14 1981-08-04 Thor Power Tool Company Transducer for indicating torque
US4785674A (en) * 1987-01-20 1988-11-22 Orman Gary M Torque sensor
US4836296A (en) * 1988-08-22 1989-06-06 Dresser Industries, Inc. Fluid pressure impulse nut runner
US4869131A (en) * 1987-03-09 1989-09-26 Olympic Co., Ltd. Variable speed gearing in rotary electric tool
US4982612A (en) * 1988-10-03 1991-01-08 Snap-On Tools Corporation Torque wrench with measurements independent of hand-hold position
US5567886A (en) * 1994-08-18 1996-10-22 Cooper Industries, Inc. Hydraulic impulse screwdriver particularly for tightening screw connections
EP0842743A1 (en) * 1996-11-19 1998-05-20 Atlas Copco Tools Ab Power wrench with a multi core cable connection means
WO2006115449A1 (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-02 Atlas Copco Tools Ab Communication means connecting a portable power tool with a control unit.
US20100200259A1 (en) * 2007-07-31 2010-08-12 Yasumasa Suzuki Pneumatic tool
US20100270048A1 (en) * 2009-04-22 2010-10-28 Junkers John K Reaction adaptors for torque power tools and methods of using the same
US20140011621A1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2014-01-09 Ingersoll-Rand Company Ring gears configured to encase in-line torque transducers for power tools
US11399864B2 (en) * 2017-12-26 2022-08-02 Touchstone International Medical Science Co., Ltd. Handle assembly and stapler including the same

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3214889A1 (de) * 1982-04-22 1983-10-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Messwertgeber fuer drehmoment- und/oder drehwinkelmessung, insbesondere an motorgetriebenen schraubern
DE4025430A1 (de) * 1990-08-10 1992-02-13 Psm Drucklufttechnik Vertrieb Drehschrauberkopf

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3385136A (en) * 1966-03-15 1968-05-28 Avco Corp Strain gauge torquemeter for measuring the torque in epicyclic transmission
US3596718A (en) * 1969-07-02 1971-08-03 Gardner Denver Co Torque control system
US3613853A (en) * 1969-09-02 1971-10-19 Carrier Corp Rotary shaft torque-limiting device
US3710874A (en) * 1971-03-10 1973-01-16 Ingersoll Rand Co Electronic torque measurement system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3385136A (en) * 1966-03-15 1968-05-28 Avco Corp Strain gauge torquemeter for measuring the torque in epicyclic transmission
US3596718A (en) * 1969-07-02 1971-08-03 Gardner Denver Co Torque control system
US3613853A (en) * 1969-09-02 1971-10-19 Carrier Corp Rotary shaft torque-limiting device
US3710874A (en) * 1971-03-10 1973-01-16 Ingersoll Rand Co Electronic torque measurement system

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3920082A (en) * 1973-05-14 1975-11-18 Thor Power Tool Co Power tool with torque sensing control means
US4281538A (en) * 1973-05-14 1981-08-04 Thor Power Tool Company Transducer for indicating torque
US4223555A (en) * 1973-10-09 1980-09-23 Rockwell International Corporation Fastener tools
US3995477A (en) * 1974-02-26 1976-12-07 Black & Decker Limited Torque spanners
US4055080A (en) * 1974-11-11 1977-10-25 Farr Emory W Torquing apparatus
US4060137A (en) * 1976-05-03 1977-11-29 Raymond Engineering Inc. Torque wrench
US4785674A (en) * 1987-01-20 1988-11-22 Orman Gary M Torque sensor
US4869131A (en) * 1987-03-09 1989-09-26 Olympic Co., Ltd. Variable speed gearing in rotary electric tool
US4836296A (en) * 1988-08-22 1989-06-06 Dresser Industries, Inc. Fluid pressure impulse nut runner
US4982612A (en) * 1988-10-03 1991-01-08 Snap-On Tools Corporation Torque wrench with measurements independent of hand-hold position
US5567886A (en) * 1994-08-18 1996-10-22 Cooper Industries, Inc. Hydraulic impulse screwdriver particularly for tightening screw connections
EP0842743A1 (en) * 1996-11-19 1998-05-20 Atlas Copco Tools Ab Power wrench with a multi core cable connection means
US5893420A (en) * 1996-11-19 1999-04-13 Atlas Copco Tools Ab Multi-core cable connector for power wrench
WO2006115449A1 (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-02 Atlas Copco Tools Ab Communication means connecting a portable power tool with a control unit.
US20080223470A1 (en) * 2005-04-28 2008-09-18 Christian John Robert Friberg Communication Means Connecting a Portable Power Tool With a Control Unit
US20100200259A1 (en) * 2007-07-31 2010-08-12 Yasumasa Suzuki Pneumatic tool
US8353361B2 (en) * 2007-07-31 2013-01-15 Nitto Kohki Co., Ltd. Pneumatic tool
US20100270048A1 (en) * 2009-04-22 2010-10-28 Junkers John K Reaction adaptors for torque power tools and methods of using the same
US20140011621A1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2014-01-09 Ingersoll-Rand Company Ring gears configured to encase in-line torque transducers for power tools
US9212725B2 (en) * 2011-03-31 2015-12-15 Ingersoll-Rand Company Ring gears configured to encase in-line torque transducers for power tools
US11399864B2 (en) * 2017-12-26 2022-08-02 Touchstone International Medical Science Co., Ltd. Handle assembly and stapler including the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA67574A (de) 1976-09-15
IT997693B (it) 1975-12-30
IN139067B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-05-01
JPS49106698A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-09
GB1407941A (en) 1975-10-01
BE809372A (fr) 1974-07-03
AT337120B (de) 1977-06-10
FR2217124A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-09-06
ZA739522B (en) 1974-11-27
CA1031996A (en) 1978-05-30
FR2217124B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-03-04
DE2402824A1 (de) 1974-08-15
NL7316655A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-08-13

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