US3857367A - Boiler - Google Patents

Boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
US3857367A
US3857367A US00362414A US36241473A US3857367A US 3857367 A US3857367 A US 3857367A US 00362414 A US00362414 A US 00362414A US 36241473 A US36241473 A US 36241473A US 3857367 A US3857367 A US 3857367A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
boiler
water
duct
heat conducting
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00362414A
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English (en)
Inventor
G Giesen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BEONDU AG
Original Assignee
BEONDU AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BEONDU AG filed Critical BEONDU AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3857367A publication Critical patent/US3857367A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/38—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water contained in separate elements, e.g. radiator-type element

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A boiler, usable for central heating, has at -least one 2 "122/367 122/156 1 3 fire duct and, on either side thereof, ducts for a heat- 51 I t C F225 3/7/10 transferring medium, normally water, the fire duct and d C 367 A the water ducts being formed by elements. cast in one 1 0 care l22/l 1 6 piece of an aluminum alloy. One side of the elements forms a component part of a the duct and the other side a component part of the water duct, the elements [56] UNITE D S;T;:S SZ?FENTS being interconnected by welding.
  • a boiler preferably a gas-fired central heating boiler, characterized by at least one fire duct adjoined on opposite sides by ducts which are connected in parallel for circulating therethrough a heat-transferring medium, such as water, the fire duct and the water ducts being divided by heat conducting elements cast in one piece of an aluminium alloy, one side of which defines a border of the fire duct and the other side a border of the water duct.
  • a heat-transferring medium such as water
  • the boiler is therefore provided with one central fire duct and two ducts for the heat-circulating medium.
  • the boiler elements or sections are cast of cast iron or steel, using cores for forming the duct hollows. Not only does this impose limitations in the design of the various ducts, because the cores used must be removable, but also sand residues from the core casting process may be left in the water ducts, which cannot be removed after casting.
  • the heat transferring parts of the boiler out of a light metal in such a .way that one side thereof forms a component part of a fire duct and the other side a component part of a water duct, the water ducts and fire ducts can be adapted as much as possible to the heat transfer desired at each point, at minimum casting costs.
  • the elements thus made can afterwards be secured by welding to form fire ducts and water ducts. Before welding, however, all surfaces are accessible to such an extent that any finishing operation, to obtain a desired surface texture for better heat exchange, can be carried out.
  • the casting process without cores is particulary suitable for manufacturing boiler elements of light metal, for instance aluminium alloy, which ensures greater heat exchange than a cast iron or steel partition between a fire duct and a water duct.
  • projections are formed on each fire duct-defining element on the fire duct side, the projections being shaped and located to provide maximum heat transfer in a flame zone of the fire duct immediately above a burner bed and a combustion gas zone of the fire duct located above th flame zone.
  • Each fire duct wall is preferably completely covered with pyramid-shaped projections in the flame zone.
  • Each fire duct wall is preferably covered in the gas zone with finger-shaped projections arranged in a pattern of laterally staggered horizontal rows, the projections extending out to the centre of the fire duct. Because these fingers contact each other in the centre of the fire duct and are staggered transversely to the direction of the gas flow, the combustion gases are forced to follow a labyrinth path in which turbulence accurs, which allows for good heat transfer. It is, for instance, possible with the boiler of the present invention to attain a gas temperature in the chimney of less than 200C at a flame temperature of approximately l200C.
  • the fingers have a diamond-shaped cross-section with a ratio between the diagonals of between 1:2 and 1:4, preferably 113.
  • the fingers are preferably disposed with their longer diagonal in the direction of flow and with the distance or pitch between the fingers in each horizontal row approximately equal to the length of the short diagonal.
  • the fingers of the fire duct wall are faintly tapered towards the centre, preferably, in a ratio of 102/100, the length of the long diagonal at the smaller end being approximately l/lO of the length of the finger.
  • Each fire duct wall can also be provided with a system horizontally extending baffles of equal height on the water duct side of the heat conducting elements, which baffles define, together with the walls of the boiler which theycontact a labyrinth-shaped water passage extending over substantially the entire wall of the fire duct.
  • the water can be introduced to the water ducts at half the height of the boiler whenthe water ducts are connected in parallel and the path of the water can be restricted so that the inflowing water is first carried downwards and then guided upwards along a zig-zag path.
  • the construction of the boiler of the invention is very simple: for it is composed of a small number of elements, for example, four; it has a small width, and
  • the boiler dimensions being x 30 x 22 cm, a capacity of 30000 kcal/h is feasible.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of the boiler with some parts being broken away, and showing the upper portion slightly inclined towards the reader, and
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view on the line II-Il of FIG. 1.
  • the boiler has four elements arranged in pairs, being mirrorsymmetric relative to one another. These elements are outer cover plates 1 and 2 between which symmetrically disposed heat conducting elements 3 and 4 are located.
  • Elements 3 and 4 made of light metal, form partitions between a central fire duct 5 and two water ducts 6 and 7.
  • the lower portion of fire duct 8 constitutes a flame zone, above which a combustion gas zone 9 is located.
  • the walls of the fire duct in flame zone 8 are completely covered with pyramid-shaped projections 10, while in the flame zone finger-shaped projections 11, 11 extend towards one another from each element 3, 4.
  • the finger-shaped projections are arranged on the respective fire duct walls in a pattern of rows of fingers 11,11 extending transversely to the movement of the combustion gas, the fingers being staggered in successive rows.
  • the fingers have a diamond-shaped cross-section, the long diagonal of the diamond extending vertically, that is to say, in the direction of flow of thecombustion gases.
  • the mutual distance between the fingers 11 and 11' in each row i.e., the pitch, is approximately equal to the length of the short diagonal and fingers 11 of the top row shown are horizontally staggered over the pitch distance relative to fingers 11 in the subjacent horizontal row.
  • Fingers l1 and 11' meet in the centre of the fire duct.
  • Baffles 12 extend into water ducts 6 and 7 and are integrally formed of elements 3 and 4. Together with cover plates 1 and 2 the baffles define a labyrinth or zig-zag-shaped water passage, in which the water flows from the bottom to the top. In the embodiment shown the water is introduced through inlets 13 located approximately at half the height of the boiler, so that it first blows downwards and then follows the meandering path upwards as indicated by arrows W in FIG. 1.
  • the water can be supplied through a T-piece. Under the boiler a burner 14 is located.
  • a boiler comprising a vertically extending outer wall
  • each of saidheat conducting element being a single separately cast piece of light metal.
  • each heat conducting element is provided with a plurality of horizontally-extending baffles, the baffles extending into the water ducts and contacting said outer wall to define zig-zag type paths for the water through said ducts.
  • a boiler as claimed in claim 3 wherein the water' an outer wall enclosed the boiler, vertical heat conducting elements each cast in one piece of an aluminum alloy, the fire duct being defined between said elements, the water ducts being defined between said elements and the outer wall, and finger shaped projections on the heat conducting elements extending into thecenter of the combustion gas'zone of said fire duct to provide maximum heat exchange, said projections being arranged in staggered horizontal rows.
  • each finger shaped projection has a cross section in the form of a diamond having longer and shorter diagonals, the ratio of the length of the longer and shorter diagonals being between 2:1 and 4:1.
  • each of said projections tapers slightly as it extends into the fire duct and wherein the length of the longer diagonal is approximately 1/10 the length of the projection.
  • a boiler as claimed in claim 5 wherein aplurality of horizontally extending baffles extend from each of said heat conducting elements into the water ducts to water duct and is first conducted downward before entering the zig-zag type path.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
US00362414A 1972-05-23 1973-05-21 Boiler Expired - Lifetime US3857367A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7206921A NL7206921A (xx) 1972-05-23 1972-05-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3857367A true US3857367A (en) 1974-12-31

Family

ID=19816101

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00362414A Expired - Lifetime US3857367A (en) 1972-05-23 1973-05-21 Boiler

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3857367A (xx)
JP (1) JPS4949236A (xx)
AT (1) ATA448073A (xx)
BE (1) BE799751A (xx)
CH (1) CH566531A5 (xx)
DE (1) DE2325497A1 (xx)
ES (1) ES415016A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2185777B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1410095A (xx)
IT (1) IT985131B (xx)
LU (1) LU67646A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL7206921A (xx)
ZA (1) ZA733398B (xx)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4436058A (en) 1979-04-23 1984-03-13 Mcalister Roy E Hot water supply tank assembly
US5109806A (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-05-05 The Marley Company Premix boiler construction
US5558046A (en) * 1992-03-05 1996-09-24 Dr.-Ing. Fritz Schoppe Fire-tube boiler
US20100000725A1 (en) * 2006-06-08 2010-01-07 Karel Hubau Heat exchanger and heating apparatus provided therewith
US10852032B2 (en) * 2015-11-25 2020-12-01 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Heat exchanger

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL174393C (nl) * 1975-04-18 1984-06-01 Burnham Europa Bv Warmtewisselaar voor het verwarmen van een vloeistof, zoals water, door middel van een heet gas.
NL171194C (nl) * 1978-05-23 1983-02-16 Giesen Metaalgieterij Warmwater-ketel, bijvoorbeeld een centrale verwarmingsketel.
NL8200384A (nl) * 1982-02-02 1983-09-01 Beondu Ag Condenserende ketel.

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US533395A (en) * 1895-01-29 William h
US717260A (en) * 1902-08-08 1902-12-30 Francis Eyre Company Steam-generator.
US717214A (en) * 1901-10-29 1902-12-30 Clarence M Kemp Heating apparatus.
US2159571A (en) * 1935-08-13 1939-05-23 Elmer S Stack Water heater
US3385356A (en) * 1965-07-20 1968-05-28 Dalin David Heat exchanger with improved extended surface
US3732849A (en) * 1971-07-30 1973-05-15 American Standard Inc Miniature heat exchanger

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1679459B2 (de) * 1967-10-02 1980-06-04 Hunter Douglas Industries B.V., Rotterdam (Niederlande) Kesselglied
NL7111652A (xx) * 1970-08-29 1972-03-02
NL7102691A (xx) * 1971-03-01 1972-09-05

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US533395A (en) * 1895-01-29 William h
US717214A (en) * 1901-10-29 1902-12-30 Clarence M Kemp Heating apparatus.
US717260A (en) * 1902-08-08 1902-12-30 Francis Eyre Company Steam-generator.
US2159571A (en) * 1935-08-13 1939-05-23 Elmer S Stack Water heater
US3385356A (en) * 1965-07-20 1968-05-28 Dalin David Heat exchanger with improved extended surface
US3732849A (en) * 1971-07-30 1973-05-15 American Standard Inc Miniature heat exchanger

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4436058A (en) 1979-04-23 1984-03-13 Mcalister Roy E Hot water supply tank assembly
US5109806A (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-05-05 The Marley Company Premix boiler construction
US5558046A (en) * 1992-03-05 1996-09-24 Dr.-Ing. Fritz Schoppe Fire-tube boiler
US20100000725A1 (en) * 2006-06-08 2010-01-07 Karel Hubau Heat exchanger and heating apparatus provided therewith
US10852032B2 (en) * 2015-11-25 2020-12-01 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA733398B (en) 1974-11-27
ES415016A1 (es) 1976-02-16
NL7206921A (xx) 1973-11-27
BE799751A (nl) 1973-09-17
JPS4949236A (xx) 1974-05-13
GB1410095A (en) 1975-10-15
CH566531A5 (xx) 1975-09-15
FR2185777A1 (xx) 1974-01-04
FR2185777B1 (xx) 1975-08-22
ATA448073A (de) 1975-08-15
IT985131B (it) 1974-11-30
LU67646A1 (xx) 1973-07-26
DE2325497A1 (de) 1973-12-06

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