US3857039A - X-ray device - Google Patents

X-ray device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3857039A
US3857039A US00320757A US32075773A US3857039A US 3857039 A US3857039 A US 3857039A US 00320757 A US00320757 A US 00320757A US 32075773 A US32075773 A US 32075773A US 3857039 A US3857039 A US 3857039A
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United States
Prior art keywords
ray
focal point
screen
point path
cathodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00320757A
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English (en)
Inventor
K Franke
J Finkenzeller
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19722200510 external-priority patent/DE2200510C3/de
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
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Publication of US3857039A publication Critical patent/US3857039A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/58—Switching arrangements for changing-over from one mode of operation to another, e.g. from radioscopy to radiography, from radioscopy to irradiation or from one tube voltage to another
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/24—Tubes wherein the point of impact of the cathode ray on the anode or anticathode is movable relative to the surface thereof
    • H01J35/26—Tubes wherein the point of impact of the cathode ray on the anode or anticathode is movable relative to the surface thereof by rotation of the anode or anticathode

Definitions

  • An X-ray device includes an X-ray tube with at least two different focal point paths which can be selectively switched on and which are differently inclined to the central X-ray. A switch is provided for the selection of one of the focal point paths. An adjustable primary X-ray screen is located in the bundle of X- rays.
  • the device is particularly characterized by an automatic switching device which permits operation only with the focalpoint path which is more strongly inclined to the central X-ray when a predetermined opening is exceeded during setting of the pair of screen plates of the primary X-ray screen, while removing the earlier selection of a more weakly inclined focal point path.
  • This invention relates to an X-ray device having at least two different focal point paths which can be selectively switched on and which are differently inclined to the central X-ray, a switch for the selection of one of the focal point paths and an adjustable primary X-ray screen located in the X-ray bundle.
  • the anodes have been constructed as so-called rotary plates to provide a better and more uniform heat radiation from the anode.
  • a corresponding construction of the, cathode provides that the electrons strike only a comparatively narrow rectangular surface of the inclined edge of the rotary anode plate, the focal point path. The edge lengths of the focal point path are then so selected that the focal point path projects as a square in the direction of the central X-ray.
  • a doctor will either place a greater value upon a smaller geometrical lack of clearness or upon a small lack of clarity of movement.
  • he will wish to operate with the smallest possible focal point path and in the second case with a larger focal point path to provide shorter illumination time periods with larger tube output.
  • the rotary anode plate of X ray tube is often provided with an inner only slightly inclined edge and an outer edge which is more strongly inclined.
  • a separate cathode is located opposite the two anode plate edge surfaces, which can send out an electron ray bundle corresponding in length and width. In case of such X-ray tubes it is left to the examining doctor to select the focal point path which he believes to be most suitable.
  • An object of the present invention is to avoid these bad exposures without giving up at the same time the advantages of a particularly small lack of precision.
  • an X-ray device of the described type is provided with an automatic switching device which when a predetermined opening during setting of the 2, ceeded, permits operation only with the central X-ray of the focal point path which is greater inclined and removes the eventual preliminary selection of the lesser inclined focal point path.
  • the different angles of inclination of the individual focal point paths can be adapted relatively to the central X-ray to the location of the pairs of screen plates of the primary ray screen for generally used film sizes. Due to this construction in the case of these usual film sizes it is possible to make exposures with the theoretically smallest possible inclination of the focal point path relatively to the central pair of screen plates of the primary X-ray screen is ex- X-ray, whereby the end rays of the X-ray fundle leave the anode surface with barely a strip. In this manner in case of these usual film sizes at a given focal point size, i.e. at a specific X-ray tube output, there is the best possible result as far as the smallest possible geometrical lack of clarity is concerned. I
  • FIG. I is a diagrammatic sectional view of an X-ray device during exposure with the smallest possible geometrical lack of sharpness with a film of small size.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial top view of the rotary anode plate of FIG. 1 with an indicated focal point path.
  • FIG. 3 is similar to-FIG. l'but shows exposure with the smallest possible geometrical lack of sharpness when using a film of large size.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial top view of the rotary anode plate of FIG. 3 with an indicated focal point path.
  • FIG. 1 shows a rotary anode plate I of an X ray tube 2, the outer and inner edge portions 3 and 4 of the plate having different inclinations to the plate axis 5.
  • Separate cathodes 6 and 7 are located above these edge portions, so that a sharply limited electron ray bundle can be sent to the corresponding edge portion of the rotary anode plate.
  • Two adjustable screen plate pairs l2, 13 of a primary ray screen are located in the direction of the central X-ray 8 extending in a direction perpendicular to the plate axis 5, the plates being used for limitscreen plate pairs of the primary ray screen are located in the circuit of the cathode 7 used for the edge section 4 of the rotary anode plate which is less inclined to the central ray 8.
  • These change-over switches are used to switch on the cathode 6 related to an edge section 3 of the rotary anode plate which is stronger inclined to the central ray, for a specific opening of the screen plate pairs independently from the location of the switch 14.
  • FIG. 2 shows in top view the rotary anode plate 1 of FIG. 1 and indicates the location ofthe focal point path 17, i.e. the range which is struck by the electron ray bundle emitted from the cathode 7.
  • the relationships of the edges of this focal point'path are so adapted to the relatively small inclination 23 of this edge range to the central ray, that the projection 18 of this focal point path appears in the direction of the central ray 8 as a small square.
  • the inclination 23 of this edge range 4 is the illustration of FIGS. 1 and 2 relatively to the central ray 8 is equal to one half of the angle at which appears the selected film size 10 looking from the focal point path 17. This is set at the same time the inclination at which the selected film size at the provided focal point path distance from the film can be illuminated with the smallest possible lack of geometrical sharpness.
  • FIG. 3 shows the same arrangement as in FIG. 1 with the difference that the screen plate pairs 12, 13 are arranged for the use of a larger film size 19 and a wider opened X-ray stray bundle 20. Due to the wider opened screen plate pairs 12, 13 the switched 15, 16 (FIG. 3) are moved into a position in which the cathode 6 is always switched on irrespective of the position of the switch 14, the cathode 6 being related to the rotary anode plate edge 3 which is stronger inclined to the central ray 8.
  • FIG. 4 showsin its top view of the rotary anode plate of FIG. 3 that the surface of the focal point path 21 upon which strike electrons emitted by the cathode 6 toward the outer edge section 3 of the rotary anode plate is wider than the focal point path 17 of FIG. 2 due to the different bundle arrangement of the electrons by this cathode.
  • the projection 22 of this focal point path 21 is the direction of the central ray 8 is again a square one due to the greater inclination 24 of the edge'of the rotary anode plate.
  • the adjustment of the primary ray screen takes place automatically depending upon the size of the inserted cassette or the selected film size. This fixes the opening angle of the I X-ray bundle 9, 20 due to the provided distance between the focal point path and the film.
  • the examining doctor has the selection by correspondingly actuating the switch 14 of carrying out the exposure with a greater focal point path or with a smaller focal point path and smaller geometrical lack of clarity. Since the output .of the larger focal point path is generally greater in the first case it is possible to operate usually with a shorter illumination time period and thus with lesser lack of movement clarity.
  • the changeover switches l5, l6 operated by the screen plate pairs l2, 13 of the primary ray screen. will switch the cathode 6 without his action to the focal point path 17 of the following greater size as soon as the screen plate pairs have reached a position due to the selected film size wherein one half of the opening angle of the X-ray bundle is greater than the angle of the selected inner edge section of the rotary anode plate.
  • the adaptation of the different anode angles to the distance between the focal point path and the film and the usual film sizes provides that the operation always takes place with the theoretically smallest possible focal point path.
  • the operation of the change-over switch 15 by the pair of screen plates 13 can be eliminated in all cases wherein the pair of screen plates 13 can be moved only perpendicularly to the plate axis.
  • the setting of the change-over switches is to be considered only for those vectors of the path which lie in the direction of the plate axis.
  • a change-over switch is provided only for those screen plates which are shiftable under the horizon provided by the plane of the rotary anode plate.
  • An X-ray device comprising in combination, a X'-ray tube of the rotating anode typehaving a rotatable stem and an anode plate mounted upon said rotatable stem, atleast'two electron-emitting cathodes spaced from said anode plate, and at least two concentric annular target tracks of different obtuse face angles formed on said anode plate, each of said target tracks being associated to one of said cathodes, a manually operated switch for selecting one of said cathodes to be activated, an X-ray screen for fluoroscopy mounted at a radial distance from the anode in a plane parallel to the axis of revolution of said rotating anode and being adjusted to X-rays emitted from the target tracks in a radial direction rectangular tosaid axis of revolution, two pairs of adjustable collimator plates mounted between the target tracks and said X-ray screen parallel to said X-ray screen and an automatic switching device comprising

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
US00320757A 1972-01-05 1973-01-03 X-ray device Expired - Lifetime US3857039A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722200510 DE2200510C3 (de) 1972-01-05 Röntgeneinrichtung mit einer Röntgenröhre mit mindestens zwei wahlweise einschaltbaren Brennflecken und einer verstellbaren Primärstrahlenblende

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US3857039A true US3857039A (en) 1974-12-24

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US00320757A Expired - Lifetime US3857039A (en) 1972-01-05 1973-01-03 X-ray device

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US (1) US3857039A (US06815460-20041109-C00097.png)
BE (1) BE793417A (US06815460-20041109-C00097.png)
FR (1) FR2167577B1 (US06815460-20041109-C00097.png)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4092544A (en) * 1976-03-01 1978-05-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft X-ray photographic apparatus comprising light source and receiving device arranged to facilitate the alignment of the apparatus
US4229657A (en) * 1977-04-01 1980-10-21 Cgr-Mev γ-Ray irradiation head for panoramic irradiation
US4287420A (en) * 1978-11-02 1981-09-01 Toshiba Corporation Stereoscopic X-ray device
US4464778A (en) * 1981-09-16 1984-08-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft X-ray examination means
WO1987001555A1 (en) * 1985-08-29 1987-03-12 Orion-Yhtymä Oy Normet A method and device for controlling the x-radiation of an x-ray apparatus, in particular that of a mammographic apparatus
US4685118A (en) * 1983-11-10 1987-08-04 Picker International, Inc. X-ray tube electron beam switching and biasing method and apparatus
US5544216A (en) * 1994-06-02 1996-08-06 Siemens Elema Ab X-ray examination apparatus

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2942126A (en) * 1957-10-12 1960-06-21 Siemens Reiniger Werke Ag Rotating anode X-ray tube
US3130313A (en) * 1961-11-01 1964-04-21 Gen Electric Co Ltd Diaphragms for use with x-ray apparatus
US3581094A (en) * 1968-11-07 1971-05-25 Machlett Lab Inc X-ray apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2942126A (en) * 1957-10-12 1960-06-21 Siemens Reiniger Werke Ag Rotating anode X-ray tube
US3130313A (en) * 1961-11-01 1964-04-21 Gen Electric Co Ltd Diaphragms for use with x-ray apparatus
US3581094A (en) * 1968-11-07 1971-05-25 Machlett Lab Inc X-ray apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4092544A (en) * 1976-03-01 1978-05-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft X-ray photographic apparatus comprising light source and receiving device arranged to facilitate the alignment of the apparatus
US4229657A (en) * 1977-04-01 1980-10-21 Cgr-Mev γ-Ray irradiation head for panoramic irradiation
US4287420A (en) * 1978-11-02 1981-09-01 Toshiba Corporation Stereoscopic X-ray device
US4464778A (en) * 1981-09-16 1984-08-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft X-ray examination means
US4685118A (en) * 1983-11-10 1987-08-04 Picker International, Inc. X-ray tube electron beam switching and biasing method and apparatus
WO1987001555A1 (en) * 1985-08-29 1987-03-12 Orion-Yhtymä Oy Normet A method and device for controlling the x-radiation of an x-ray apparatus, in particular that of a mammographic apparatus
US5544216A (en) * 1994-06-02 1996-08-06 Siemens Elema Ab X-ray examination apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2200510B2 (de) 1976-03-11
DE2200510A1 (de) 1973-07-19
BE793417A (fr) 1973-04-16
FR2167577B1 (US06815460-20041109-C00097.png) 1976-10-29
FR2167577A1 (US06815460-20041109-C00097.png) 1973-08-24

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