US3856509A - Process for the reduction of iron ores or the like in the production of pig iron in the blast furnace - Google Patents

Process for the reduction of iron ores or the like in the production of pig iron in the blast furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US3856509A
US3856509A US00248137A US24813772A US3856509A US 3856509 A US3856509 A US 3856509A US 00248137 A US00248137 A US 00248137A US 24813772 A US24813772 A US 24813772A US 3856509 A US3856509 A US 3856509A
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United States
Prior art keywords
oil
blast furnace
process according
water
pig iron
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00248137A
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English (en)
Inventor
G Heynert
K Peters
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Thyssen AG
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August Thyssen Huette AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An improvement in a process for the reduction of an iron ore, sinter or other such starting materials in a blast furnace in which as the reducing agent there is employed a water in oil emulsion, the water content being between 3 and 15% by volume.
  • the water in oil emulsion is introduced into the tuyeres of the blast furnace through tubular lances terminating therein, the tubular lances having an aperture between 4 and 6 mm in diameter.
  • the invention relates to a process for the reduction of iron ores, sinters or other such starting materials in the blast furnace, in which coke and oil are used as reducing agents.
  • emulsions of water in oil from combustion contain at least 25 percent by volume water and up to 70 percent by volume to provide for the desired atomization of the oil.
  • Such emulsions are undesirable because the droplet size is still not as small as desired. Specifically, the droplet size of the oil in water emulsion is about 50 microns in diameter whereas a smaller size, say, 30 microns or less in diameter is desired. Additionally, because of the large proportion of water in the emulsion more reducing agent was required to provide the desired oil level in the blast furnace. Furthermore, use of large amounts of water in the water-in-oil emulsion provides an undesirably high heat loss factor.
  • this invention contemplates an improvement in a process for the reduction of iron ore, sinters or other such starting materials wherein at least a portion of the reducing agent is an oil, the improvement which comprises utilizing as such oil a water-in-oil emulsion having a water content between 3 and 15 percent by volume.
  • This invention contemplates, in a desirable embodiment, utilization of a water-in-oil emulsion having a water content between 3 and 15 percent by volume, preferably between 3 and 10 percent by volume.
  • the said waterin-oil emulsion is introduced through tubular lances terminating in the tuyeres of the blast furnace, said tubular lances having an aperture between 4 and 6 mm in diameter.
  • the quantity of oil employed is between and 200 kilograms of oil per metric ton of pig iron, preferably between and kilograms of oil per metric ton of pig iron.
  • the reduction of the iron ore, sinter or other starting material in the blast furnace is accomplished by passing the water-in-oil emulsion through the aforesaid tubular lances terminating in the tuyeres of the blast furnace and conducting the reduction in said blast furnace at a blast velocity of between 100 and 300 m/sec. at a blast temperature of between I,OO0 and I,400C.
  • the objects of the invention outlined above are achieved through use of an oil, distillate or residuum, especially heavy oil, residual oil or fuel oil, in the form of waterin-oil emulsion having a very low water content.
  • the water content of the water-in-oil emulsion is at least 3 percent by volume. In no case, however, must the water content exceed 15 percent by volume.
  • This emulsion is injected, in accordance with the invention, through tubular lances which terminate in the tuyeres of the blast furnace. Water contents of between 3 and 10 percent by volume are preferred.
  • water-in-oil emulsions having a very low water content, amounting to only a few percent of water can be so finely atomized in the blast furnace that oil particles ranging from virtually 0 to 30 microns are formed.
  • This oil particle size is achieved when the water-in-oil emulsion is introduced into the tuyeres of the blast furnace at a blast velocity of 100 to 300 m/sec and a blast temperature of 800 to l,400C, preferably l,O00 to 1,400C.
  • the process of the present invention can be performed by injecting oil in quantities of 90 to 200 kg of oil per metric ton of pig iron, 100 to 160 kg of oil per ton of pig iron being perferred.
  • considerable amounts of coke can be saved, the saving amounting to as much as 30 percent.
  • the oil feed is made mechanically very simple, avoiding the difficulties involved in complex atomizers.
  • the aperture of the lances is optimumly between 4 and 6 mm. in diameter.
  • the reducing agent of the invention can be injected into the tuyere at a pressure that is l to 2 atmospheres higher than the pressure of the hot blast. It is advantageous, however, to increase this pressure to 10 to 60 atmospheres, for example. Special advantages are achieved when the additional pressure amounts to 40 to 50 atmospheres. The proportion of extremely fine oil droplets is greatly increased by the use of elevated pressure.
  • the water-in-oil emulsions can be prepared in a conventional manner by homogenizers, e.g., colloid mills.
  • emulsifiers are alcali salts of fatty acids.
  • EXAMPLE A heavy oil was made into a water-in-oil emulsion in a high-pressure homogenizer using water in a volume ratio of 5: 95.
  • 150 kg of oil per metric ton of'pig iron, in the form of the emulsion was injected through lances having an aperture of 5 mm diameter into the tuyeres of a blast furnace having a hearth diameter of 9.5 m, at a pressure of 12 atmospheres.
  • the blast furnace was operated with a burden consisting of 70 wt-percent sinter and 30 wt-percent lump ore plus fluxes.
  • the blast velocity amounted to 200 m/s and the blast temperature was l,l00C. No carbon black formation or any other trouble was encountered.
  • the coke charge amounted to 370 kg per ton of pig iron.
  • the same furnace with the same burden required a coke charge of 450 kg and 60 to 80 kg of heavy heating oil per ton of pig iron.
  • the drawing shows in a horizontal section a tuyere l of a blast furnace having a centrally arranged tuyere pipe 2. From the left side a tubular lance 3 is introduced under an acute angle 4 to the middle axis 5 of the tuyere pipe 2.
  • blast gas is blown into the blast-furnace indicated by numeral 6 and through tubular lance 3 water-in-oil emulsion is introduced into the interior of the tuyere pipe 2.
  • the improvement comprising introducing said oil into the blast furnace in the form of a water-inoil emulsion having a water content between 3 and 15 percent by volume, said emusion being introduced in the tuyeres of the blast furnace, the amount of oil charged into the blast furnace being at least kg of oil per metric ton of pig iron in the blast furnace.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
US00248137A 1971-04-30 1972-04-27 Process for the reduction of iron ores or the like in the production of pig iron in the blast furnace Expired - Lifetime US3856509A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2121241A DE2121241C3 (de) 1971-04-30 1971-04-30 Verfahren zur Reduktion von Erzen zu Roheisen im Hochofen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3856509A true US3856509A (en) 1974-12-24

Family

ID=5806417

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00248137A Expired - Lifetime US3856509A (en) 1971-04-30 1972-04-27 Process for the reduction of iron ores or the like in the production of pig iron in the blast furnace

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3856509A (de)
AT (1) AT315881B (de)
BR (1) BR7202539D0 (de)
DE (1) DE2121241C3 (de)
ES (1) ES401684A1 (de)
LU (1) LU65273A1 (de)
NL (1) NL147481B (de)
SE (1) SE376015B (de)
ZA (1) ZA722447B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4127259A (en) * 1973-10-04 1978-11-28 Luth Friedrich A K Apparatus for controlling the injection of oil into a blast furnace
US5227117A (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-07-13 Usx Corporation Apparatus for blast furnace fuel injection
US20080211148A1 (en) * 2007-01-16 2008-09-04 U.S. Steel Canada Inc. Apparatus and method for injection of fluid hydrocarbons into a blast furnace

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2152196A (en) * 1935-10-01 1939-03-28 Autoxygen Inc Motor fuel and method of making the same
US2175517A (en) * 1939-03-16 1939-10-10 Emulsions Process Corp Method of utilizing fuel oils in the operation of iron blast furnaces

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1393749A (en) * 1919-12-08 1921-10-18 American Metal Co Ltd Blast-furnace
GB969051A (en) * 1960-12-12 1964-09-09 Exxon Research Engineering Co Method for combustion of heavy fuel oils
GB1096597A (en) * 1965-06-09 1967-12-29 Auto Comb S London Ltd Oil burning apparatus
LU51940A1 (de) * 1966-09-12 1968-03-20
LU51942A1 (de) * 1966-09-12 1968-03-21
NL6712305A (de) * 1966-09-12 1968-03-13
DE2039659B2 (de) * 1970-08-10 1973-08-16 August Thyssen Hütte AG, 4100 Duis bürg Verfahren zur reduktion von eisenerzen zu roheisen im hochofen

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2152196A (en) * 1935-10-01 1939-03-28 Autoxygen Inc Motor fuel and method of making the same
US2175517A (en) * 1939-03-16 1939-10-10 Emulsions Process Corp Method of utilizing fuel oils in the operation of iron blast furnaces

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4127259A (en) * 1973-10-04 1978-11-28 Luth Friedrich A K Apparatus for controlling the injection of oil into a blast furnace
US5227117A (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-07-13 Usx Corporation Apparatus for blast furnace fuel injection
US20080211148A1 (en) * 2007-01-16 2008-09-04 U.S. Steel Canada Inc. Apparatus and method for injection of fluid hydrocarbons into a blast furnace
US7837928B2 (en) * 2007-01-16 2010-11-23 U.S. Steel Canada Inc. Apparatus and method for injection of fluid hydrocarbons into a blast furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT315881B (de) 1974-06-10
BR7202539D0 (pt) 1973-05-10
ZA722447B (en) 1973-06-27
DE2121241B2 (de) 1977-12-29
DE2121241A1 (de) 1972-11-16
DE2121241C3 (de) 1981-07-09
ES401684A1 (es) 1975-03-16
NL147481B (nl) 1975-10-15
SE376015B (de) 1975-05-05
NL7200315A (de) 1972-11-01
LU65273A1 (de) 1972-07-14

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