US3854484A - Endotracheal tube with liquid fillable cuff - Google Patents
Endotracheal tube with liquid fillable cuff Download PDFInfo
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- US3854484A US3854484A US00310129A US31012972A US3854484A US 3854484 A US3854484 A US 3854484A US 00310129 A US00310129 A US 00310129A US 31012972 A US31012972 A US 31012972A US 3854484 A US3854484 A US 3854484A
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- container
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000295 expanded polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003444 anaesthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000005092 tracheal tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940071643 prefilled syringe Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 e.g. Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000544 Gore-Tex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical class CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000451 tissue damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000827 tissue damage Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0434—Cuffs
- A61M16/044—External cuff pressure control or supply, e.g. synchronisation with respiration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0434—Cuffs
- A61M16/0436—Special fillings therefor
- A61M16/0438—Liquid-filled
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0434—Cuffs
- A61M16/0443—Special cuff-wall materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2209/00—Ancillary equipment
- A61M2209/06—Packaging for specific medical equipment
Definitions
- the cuff material is a hydrophobic cellular plastic, preferably of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the cuff may be inflated directly by a pre-packaged, pre-filled syringe or by a collapsible bag filled with the liquid.
- This invention relates to endotracheal (including trachetomy) tubes of the low-pressure type in which liquid within the cuff produces a minimal cuff pressure against the tracheal tissue to provide a seal for control of breathing with anesthesia or respirator machines.
- the main object of the invention is to provide an endotracheal tube of this type which is improved with regard to ease of administration.
- the invention features an endotracheal tube in which the cuff material is permeable to air but is nonpermeable to the filling liquid at the desired sealing pressure.
- the cuff material is hydrophobic, preferably cellular plastic, preferably expanded polytetrafluoroethylene heat-sealed to the tube and preferably the endotracheal tube is packaged with a liquidfilled syringe in a ready-to-use assembly.
- Another embodiment features a pre-filled collapsible container as of flaccid material connected to fill the cuff as the container collapses and as air is expelled through the cuff wall.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view showing the inflation of the cuff of the endotracheal tube by means of a syringe;
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken at line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 depicts a ready-to-use endotracheal tube assembly
- FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of an endotracheal tube device combined with a collapsible filling container according to the invention.
- the endotracheal tube has a connector 12 and the usual curved configuration terminating in a slanted distal end 14.
- Cuff l6 inflated by liquid through lumen 18 is disposed circumferentially about the tube proper to seal against the tracheal tissue 20.
- the cuff in the form of a tube of diameter considerably greater than tube 10, is heat-sealed at its ends to tube 10.
- the lumen 18 extends to a proximal filling connector 22 provided for receiving a syringe 24 filled with the hydraulic fluid.
- the material defining the cuff 16 in this preferred embodiment is comprised of heatsealable expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (DuPonts teflon) which is of thin, pliable sheet, expanded form, available under the trade designation Gore-'tex from W. L. Gore and Associates Inc. of Newark, Del. This material has microscopic open cells, is highly permeable to air, and is nonpermeable to water or other hydraulic fluid up to a prespecified breakthrough pressure. In this preferred embodiment the breakthrough pressure is selected to be in excess of cm H O head, dimension H in FIG. 1.
- DuPonts teflon heatsealable expanded polytetrafluoroethylene
- the technique for administering the endotracheal tube comprises first inserting the endotracheal tube through the mouth into the patients trachea according to the usual procedure and then connecting the syringe 24 filled with the hydraulic fluid to filling connector 22. Thereupon the plunger of the syringe is depressed in the direction of the arrow forcing liquid 2 through the syringe and through the lumen 18 into the cuff 16.
- the liquid, e.g., water, 26 proceeding in the filling direction through lumen 18 applies pressure to the air in volume 17 of the cuff l6 and because of the air-permeability of the cuff material 16, this air is expelled to the trachea, see arrows A.
- this expulsion of air continues.
- the cuff is filled with liquid, no air remaining.
- the liquid Upon detachment of the syringe 24 from the filling connector 22, the liquid is allowed to restore to ambient pressure with the release of a few drops of liquid from the filling point, thus establishing the pressure of the liquid within the cuff as the height H between the filling point 22 and the cuff l6. Thereupon the lumen is sealed with pinch clamp 23.
- a liquid-filled cuff which through the weight of the water establishes a desired low pressure in the manner previously taught by me (prior art) with the attendant advantages of ensuring adequate blood circulation in the contacted tissue and avoiding tissue damage.
- the cuff is readily fillable with no special procedures required as might detract from the acceptability of the liquid-filled system. Air pockets are avoided in the hydraulic cuff and at the same time special procedures such as evacuating the lumen prior to filling are avoided.
- the breakthrough pressure of the cuff material may be predetermined at such a level as to provide a safety relief-that is, should the cuff be inflated with the syringe above its predetermined breakthrough pressure, it will automatically relieve itself down to the breakthrough pressure.
- a safety feature can be provided against excessive inflation pressure even if the preferred gravity head technique just outlined is not followed.
- the particular breakthrough pressure must be specified in relation to the ambient chemical constituents.
- liquid may be supplied to the cuff through the filling device as shownn in my copending patent application Ser. No. 191,708, incorporated by reference herein.
- the filling lumen is flexible and has its proximal end connected to a collapsible, nonpressure applying filling container 240.
- the container, lumen, and cuff comprise a closed liquid system, the lumen and container extending a predetermined distance from the cuff enabling the container to be vertically spaced a distance equal substantially to the prede termined gravity head pressure to be exerted on the tracheal wall by the cuff when there is no air pressure differential across the trachea. (It will be understood that when the respirator applies pressure to the patient, that pressure will be transmitted to liquid in the cuff and transmitted thereby against the tracheal tissue, this occurring periodically with the periodic operation of the respirator.)
- the system is capable of permitting free flow of liquid from the container into the cuff under influence substantially only of the gravity head with attendant non-pressure applying partial collapse of the container.
- the air-permeable cuff material may exhaust any resident air as the liquid flows downwardly to insure that the cuff is fully filled with liquid.
- the hydraulic fluid which fills the cuff incorporates liquid surface effective anesthetic. Normally the fluid pressure in the cuff is below break-through pressure. Periodically, however, perhaps every 2 or 4 hours, the
- cuff material is Gore-tex of 0.4 density (expanded, comprising in volume 40 percent polytetrafluorethylene and 60 percent air) in sheet form of 0.004 inch thickness backed with a thin perforated polyethylene film, and having by itself a break-through pressure of -12 p.s.i.
- the effective break-through pressure is lowered by the presence of usual amounts of endotracheal tube lubricant containing polyethylene and propylene glycols to a level of about 1.0 p.s.i.
- a tracheal tube device comprising a tube sized for introduction of air through the trachea into the lungs of a living being, a cuff member surrounding and secured to said tube and adapted to be filled with liquid to cause extension of said cuff into sealing contact with tracheal tissue about said cuff to create a seal between said tube and the trachea and a filling lumen extending proximally from said cuff for communication with a source of filling liquid, the improvement wherein said cuff comprises a material which in the presence of said liquid is permeable to air and substantially nonpermeable to said liquid at the normal pressure said liquid exerts upon the interior of said cuff while creating said seal.
- cuff material comprises expanded polytetrafluoroethylene having an open cell construction.
- a ready-to-use tracheal assembly comprising a tracheal tube in accordance with claim 1 in combination with a syringe filled with water, joined together in a common package.
- the tracheal device of claim I wherein said cuff material has a predetermined breakthrough pressure to said liquid (i.e., the pressure above which said liquid can substantially pass through the material of said cuff) less than the probable tissue-damaging pressure.
- a filling means which includes a collapsible, non-pressure applying filling container connected to the proximal end of said filling lumen, to communicate therethrough with said cuff, said container, lumen and cuff comprising a closed liquid system, said lumen and container extending a predetermined distance from said cuff enabling the container to be vertically spaced a distance equal substantially to the predetermined gravity head pressure to be exerted on the tracheal wall by said cuff when there is no air pressure differential across the trachea, said system, when said container is raised above said cuff capable of permitting free flow of liquid from said container into said cuff under influence substantially only of the gravity head, with attendant non-pressure applying partial collapse
- collapsible container comprises a collapsible bag formed of flaccid material.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Endotracheal and tracheotomy tubes having liquid-fillable sealing cuffs formed of material permeable to air and substantially non-permeable to the liquid at sealing pressure. Preferably the cuff material is a hydrophobic cellular plastic, preferably of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene. The cuff may be inflated directly by a pre-packaged, pre-filled syringe or by a collapsible bag filled with the liquid.
Description
United States Patent 11 1 Jackson 14 1 Dec. 17, 1974 ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE WITH LIQUID FILLABLE CUFF [76] Inventor: Richard R. Jackson, Eight Trinity Rd., Marblehead, Mass. 01947 [22] Filed: Nov. 28, 1972 21 Appl. No.: 310,129
Related U.S. Application Data [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 191,708, Oct. 22,
1971, Pat. NO. 3,766,927.
[52] U.S. C1. 128/351 [51] Int. Cl A6lm 25/00 [58] Field of Search 128/348, 349 B, 349 BV,
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3/1965 Baran 128/351 9/1966 Rosencrans 1. 128/349 BV 3,348,542 10/1967 Jackson 128/351 ux 3,379,197 4/1968 Hayes 128/349 13 3,625,353 12/1971 151111 206/632 R 3,669,116 6 1972 Heyer 128/350 R FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 1,133,728 11/1968 Great Britain Primary ExaminerLucie H. Laudenslager [57] ABSTRACT Endotracheal and tracheotomy tubes having liquidfillable sealing cuffs formed of material permeable to air and substantially non-permeable to the liquid at sealing pressure. Preferably the cuff material is a hydrophobic cellular plastic, preferably of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene. The cuff may be inflated directly by a pre-packaged, pre-filled syringe or by a collapsible bag filled with the liquid.
11 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures PATENTELUECIYIQM 3 54 4 4 FIG I Z FIYG4 ENDOTRACI-IEAL TUBE WITH LIQUID FILLABLE CUFF This application is a continuation-in-part of my copending application Ser. No. 191,708, filed Oct. 22, 1971, now US. Pat. No. 3,766,927, issued Oct. 23, 1973, entitled Hydraulic Cuff Tracheal Tube.
This invention relates to endotracheal (including trachetomy) tubes of the low-pressure type in which liquid within the cuff produces a minimal cuff pressure against the tracheal tissue to provide a seal for control of breathing with anesthesia or respirator machines. The main object of the invention is to provide an endotracheal tube of this type which is improved with regard to ease of administration.
The invention features an endotracheal tube in which the cuff material is permeable to air but is nonpermeable to the filling liquid at the desired sealing pressure. Preferably the cuff material is hydrophobic, preferably cellular plastic, preferably expanded polytetrafluoroethylene heat-sealed to the tube and preferably the endotracheal tube is packaged with a liquidfilled syringe in a ready-to-use assembly. Another embodiment features a pre-filled collapsible container as of flaccid material connected to fill the cuff as the container collapses and as air is expelled through the cuff wall. These and other objects and features will be understood from the description of the preferred embodiment taken in conjunction with the drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view showing the inflation of the cuff of the endotracheal tube by means of a syringe;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken at line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 depicts a ready-to-use endotracheal tube assembly; and
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of an endotracheal tube device combined with a collapsible filling container according to the invention.
Referring to FIG. 1, the endotracheal tube has a connector 12 and the usual curved configuration terminating in a slanted distal end 14. Cuff l6 inflated by liquid through lumen 18 is disposed circumferentially about the tube proper to seal against the tracheal tissue 20. The cuff, in the form of a tube of diameter considerably greater than tube 10, is heat-sealed at its ends to tube 10. The lumen 18 extends to a proximal filling connector 22 provided for receiving a syringe 24 filled with the hydraulic fluid. The material defining the cuff 16 in this preferred embodiment is comprised of heatsealable expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (DuPonts teflon) which is of thin, pliable sheet, expanded form, available under the trade designation Gore-'tex from W. L. Gore and Associates Inc. of Newark, Del. This material has microscopic open cells, is highly permeable to air, and is nonpermeable to water or other hydraulic fluid up to a prespecified breakthrough pressure. In this preferred embodiment the breakthrough pressure is selected to be in excess of cm H O head, dimension H in FIG. 1. The technique for administering the endotracheal tube comprises first inserting the endotracheal tube through the mouth into the patients trachea according to the usual procedure and then connecting the syringe 24 filled with the hydraulic fluid to filling connector 22. Thereupon the plunger of the syringe is depressed in the direction of the arrow forcing liquid 2 through the syringe and through the lumen 18 into the cuff 16.
Referring to FIG. 2, the liquid, e.g., water, 26 proceeding in the filling direction through lumen 18 applies pressure to the air in volume 17 of the cuff l6 and because of the air-permeability of the cuff material 16, this air is expelled to the trachea, see arrows A. As the liquid fills the cuff, as indicated in the dotted lines, this expulsion of air continues. When resistence is felt on the plunger, the cuff is filled with liquid, no air remaining. Upon detachment of the syringe 24 from the filling connector 22, the liquid is allowed to restore to ambient pressure with the release of a few drops of liquid from the filling point, thus establishing the pressure of the liquid within the cuff as the height H between the filling point 22 and the cuff l6. Thereupon the lumen is sealed with pinch clamp 23.
Thus it is seen that a liquid-filled cuff is provided which through the weight of the water establishes a desired low pressure in the manner previously taught by me (prior art) with the attendant advantages of ensuring adequate blood circulation in the contacted tissue and avoiding tissue damage. According to the present invention, because of the self-purging of air, the cuff is readily fillable with no special procedures required as might detract from the acceptability of the liquid-filled system. Air pockets are avoided in the hydraulic cuff and at the same time special procedures such as evacuating the lumen prior to filling are avoided.
In an alternative embodiment the breakthrough pressure of the cuff material may be predetermined at such a level as to provide a safety relief-that is, should the cuff be inflated with the syringe above its predetermined breakthrough pressure, it will automatically relieve itself down to the breakthrough pressure. Thus by predetermining the breakthrough pressure below the probable damage pressure for tracheal tissue, i.e., below 30 cm H O, a safety feature can be provided against excessive inflation pressure even if the preferred gravity head technique just outlined is not followed. The particular breakthrough pressure must be specified in relation to the ambient chemical constituents. Thus the presence of conventional pre-applied lubricant to the cuff with a water filling will cause waterbreakthrough the cuff at a lower pressure than will a system without the lubricant.
In another embodiment the liquid may be supplied to the cuff through the filling device as shownn in my copending patent application Ser. No. 191,708, incorporated by reference herein.
Referring to FIG. 4, the filling lumen is flexible and has its proximal end connected to a collapsible, nonpressure applying filling container 240. The container, lumen, and cuff comprise a closed liquid system, the lumen and container extending a predetermined distance from the cuff enabling the container to be vertically spaced a distance equal substantially to the prede termined gravity head pressure to be exerted on the tracheal wall by the cuff when there is no air pressure differential across the trachea. (It will be understood that when the respirator applies pressure to the patient, that pressure will be transmitted to liquid in the cuff and transmitted thereby against the tracheal tissue, this occurring periodically with the periodic operation of the respirator.)
For filling, when the container is raised above the cuff, the system is capable of permitting free flow of liquid from the container into the cuff under influence substantially only of the gravity head with attendant non-pressure applying partial collapse of the container. The air-permeable cuff material may exhaust any resident air as the liquid flows downwardly to insure that the cuff is fully filled with liquid.
In another embodiment, according to the invention, the hydraulic fluid which fills the cuff incorporates liquid surface effective anesthetic. Normally the fluid pressure in the cuff is below break-through pressure. Periodically, however, perhaps every 2 or 4 hours, the
system is designed to permit the attendant to temporan,
ily over-pressure the cuff above break-through pressure, thus causing some of the liquid and anesthetic to pass through the cuff wall, anesthetizing the tissue and enabling the patient to more easily tolerate the presence of the tube. In the case of the embodiment of FIG. 1 this is accomplished by temporarily releasing pinch clamp 23 and applying the syringe. In the case of the embodiment of FIG. 4 this is accomplished by similarly releasing clamp 23 and squeezing the still partially filled bag or container.
For use in the foregoing embodiments a specific example of cuff material is Gore-tex of 0.4 density (expanded, comprising in volume 40 percent polytetrafluorethylene and 60 percent air) in sheet form of 0.004 inch thickness backed with a thin perforated polyethylene film, and having by itself a break-through pressure of -12 p.s.i. The effective break-through pressure is lowered by the presence of usual amounts of endotracheal tube lubricant containing polyethylene and propylene glycols to a level of about 1.0 p.s.i.
Other air-permeable materials may be used including films made air-permeable by nuclear bombardment, and other variations will be understood to be within the spirit and scope of the following claims.
What is claimed is:
l. A tracheal tube device comprising a tube sized for introduction of air through the trachea into the lungs of a living being, a cuff member surrounding and secured to said tube and adapted to be filled with liquid to cause extension of said cuff into sealing contact with tracheal tissue about said cuff to create a seal between said tube and the trachea and a filling lumen extending proximally from said cuff for communication with a source of filling liquid, the improvement wherein said cuff comprises a material which in the presence of said liquid is permeable to air and substantially nonpermeable to said liquid at the normal pressure said liquid exerts upon the interior of said cuff while creating said seal.
2. the tracheal device of claim 1 wherein said cuff material is a hydrophobic cellular plastic.
3. The tracheal device of claim 2 wherein said cuff material comprises expanded polytetrafluoroethylene having an open cell construction.
4. The tracheal tube device of claim 2 wherein said plastic cuff-forming material is heat-sealed to said tube at the proximal and distal regions of said cuff.
5. A ready-to-use tracheal assembly comprising a tracheal tube in accordance with claim 1 in combination with a syringe filled with water, joined together in a common package.
6. The tracheal device of claim I wherein said cuff material has a predetermined breakthrough pressure to said liquid (i.e., the pressure above which said liquid can substantially pass through the material of said cuff) less than the probable tissue-damaging pressure. 7. The tracheal tube device according to claim 1 in combination with a filling means which includes a collapsible, non-pressure applying filling container connected to the proximal end of said filling lumen, to communicate therethrough with said cuff, said container, lumen and cuff comprising a closed liquid system, said lumen and container extending a predetermined distance from said cuff enabling the container to be vertically spaced a distance equal substantially to the predetermined gravity head pressure to be exerted on the tracheal wall by said cuff when there is no air pressure differential across the trachea, said system, when said container is raised above said cuff capable of permitting free flow of liquid from said container into said cuff under influence substantially only of the gravity head, with attendant non-pressure applying partial collapse of said container.
8. The assembly of claim 7 wherein said collapsible container comprises a collapsible bag formed of flaccid material.
9. The assembly of claim 8 wherein said bag is defined by flexible plastic sheet.
10. The assembly of claim 7 wherein said container extends less than 25 cm from said cuff and said closed liquid system is adapted to contain water.
1 l. The device of claim 1 wherein said liquid includes surface-effective anesthetic, the normal operating pressure within said cuff being below the effective breakthrough pressure at which said anesthetic can pass through said material (i.e., the pressure above which said liquid including said anesthetic can substantially pass through the material of said cuff), and the material of the cuff selected so that elevating the pressure within said cuff above said break-through pressure is effective to apply said anesthetic to said tracheal tissue.
Claims (11)
1. A tracheal tube device comprising a tube sized for introduction of air through the trachea into the lungs of a living being, a cuff member surrounding and secured to said tube and adapted to be filled with liquid to cause extension of said cuff into sealing contact with tracheal tissue about said cuff to create a seal between said tube and the trachea and a filling lumen extending proximally from said cuff for communication with a source of filling liquid, the improvement wherein said cuff comprises a material which in the presence of said liquid is permeable to air and substantially nonpermeable to said liquid at the normal pressure said liquid exerts upon the interior of said cuff while creating said seal.
2. the tracheal device of claim 1 wherein said cuff material is a hydrophobic cellular plastic.
3. The tracheal device of claim 2 wherein said cuff material comprises expanded polytetrafluoroethylene having an open cell construction.
4. The tracheal tube device of claim 2 wherein said plastic cuff-forming material is heat-sealed to said tube at the proximal and distal regions of said cuff.
5. A ready-to-use tracheal assembly comprising a tracheal tube in accordance with claim 1 in combination with a syringe filled with water, joined together in a common package.
6. The tracheal device of claim 1 wherein said cuff material has a predetermined breakthrough pressure to said liquid (i.e., the pressure above which said liquid can substantially pass through the material of said cuff) less than the probable tissue-damaging pressure.
7. The tracheal tube device according to claim 1 in combination with a filling means which includes a collapsible, non-pressure applying filling container connected to the proximal end of said filling lumen, to communicate therethrough with said cuff, said container, lumen and cuff comprising a closed liquid system, said lumen and container extending a predetermined distance from said cuff enabling the container to be vertically spaced a distance equal substantially to the predetermined gravity head pressure to be exerted on the tracheal wall by said cuff when there is no aIr pressure differential across the trachea, said system, when said container is raised above said cuff capable of permitting free flow of liquid from said container into said cuff under influence substantially only of the gravity head, with attendant non-pressure applying partial collapse of said container.
8. The assembly of claim 7 wherein said collapsible container comprises a collapsible bag formed of flaccid material.
9. The assembly of claim 8 wherein said bag is defined by flexible plastic sheet.
10. The assembly of claim 7 wherein said container extends less than 25 cm from said cuff and said closed liquid system is adapted to contain water.
11. The device of claim 1 wherein said liquid includes surface-effective anesthetic, the normal operating pressure within said cuff being below the effective break-through pressure at which said anesthetic can pass through said material (i.e., the pressure above which said liquid including said anesthetic can substantially pass through the material of said cuff), and the material of the cuff selected so that elevating the pressure within said cuff above said break-through pressure is effective to apply said anesthetic to said tracheal tissue.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US00310129A US3854484A (en) | 1971-10-22 | 1972-11-28 | Endotracheal tube with liquid fillable cuff |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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US19170871A | 1971-10-22 | 1971-10-22 | |
US00310129A US3854484A (en) | 1971-10-22 | 1972-11-28 | Endotracheal tube with liquid fillable cuff |
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US3854484A true US3854484A (en) | 1974-12-17 |
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US00310129A Expired - Lifetime US3854484A (en) | 1971-10-22 | 1972-11-28 | Endotracheal tube with liquid fillable cuff |
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Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4022217A (en) * | 1975-09-15 | 1977-05-10 | Dupaco Incorporated | Cuff configuration for cuff tracheal tubes |
US4156428A (en) * | 1974-08-26 | 1979-05-29 | Henkin Melvyn Lane | Tracheal tube with expandable cuff system |
EP0010880A1 (en) * | 1978-10-09 | 1980-05-14 | Dovecourt Limited | Cuffed Endotracheal and Tracheostomy Tubes |
US4364391A (en) * | 1980-11-14 | 1982-12-21 | Toye Frederic J | Tracheostomy apparatus and method |
US4375811A (en) * | 1981-02-24 | 1983-03-08 | Future Teck | Surgical ventilating apparatus |
US4378796A (en) * | 1981-04-17 | 1983-04-05 | Porges Societe Anonyme | Endo-tracheal or tracheotomic tube with shield for anaesthesia |
US4489722A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1984-12-25 | Medical Engineering Corporation | Laser resistant endotracheal tube |
US4598707A (en) * | 1984-06-21 | 1986-07-08 | Sherwood Medical Company | Medical tube with inflation cuff |
EP0209710A2 (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1987-01-28 | Sarcem Sa | Closed loop for a catheter |
US4715378A (en) * | 1986-07-28 | 1987-12-29 | Mansfield Scientific, Inc. | Balloon catheter |
US4810455A (en) * | 1986-07-28 | 1989-03-07 | Mansfield Scientific, Inc. | Balloon catheter |
US4834087A (en) * | 1987-02-02 | 1989-05-30 | Mallinckrodt, Inc. | Laser resistant ventilating device |
US4906241A (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1990-03-06 | Boston Scientific Corporation | Dilation balloon |
US4953548A (en) * | 1987-02-02 | 1990-09-04 | Mallinckrodt, Inc. | Laser resistant ventilating device with locking ferrule |
US4978334A (en) * | 1988-09-08 | 1990-12-18 | Toye Frederic J | Apparatus and method for providing passage into body viscus |
US5040531A (en) * | 1987-02-02 | 1991-08-20 | Mallinckrodt Medical, Inc. | Laser resistant ventilating device |
US5251619A (en) * | 1991-12-04 | 1993-10-12 | Lee Myung Ho | Tonometric tracheal tube |
EP0586717A1 (en) * | 1992-08-13 | 1994-03-16 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Endotracheal tube and the method of manufacturing it |
EP0648137A1 (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1995-04-19 | Mallinckrodt Medical, Inc. | Inner cannula for tracheostomy tube |
US5431662A (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 1995-07-11 | United States Surgical Corporation | Manipulator apparatus |
US5571115A (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 1996-11-05 | United States Surgical Corporation | Manipulator apparatus |
US5578048A (en) * | 1993-09-15 | 1996-11-26 | United States Surgical Corporation | Manipulator apparatus |
US7654264B2 (en) | 2006-07-18 | 2010-02-02 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Medical tube including an inflatable cuff having a notched collar |
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US3173418A (en) * | 1961-01-10 | 1965-03-16 | Ostap E Baran | Double-wall endotracheal cuff |
US3275001A (en) * | 1962-05-22 | 1966-09-27 | Kendall & Co | Self-inflatable catheter |
US3348542A (en) * | 1964-12-02 | 1967-10-24 | Richard R Jackson | Anesthetic articles |
US3379197A (en) * | 1965-08-10 | 1968-04-23 | Goodrich Co B F | Self-inflating catheter with means to prevent leakage of inflation fluid |
US3625353A (en) * | 1969-02-19 | 1971-12-07 | Jintan Terumo Co | Package for sterilized articles |
US3669116A (en) * | 1970-07-06 | 1972-06-13 | Heyer Schulte Corp | Drainage catheter with anticlogging means |
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US3173418A (en) * | 1961-01-10 | 1965-03-16 | Ostap E Baran | Double-wall endotracheal cuff |
US3275001A (en) * | 1962-05-22 | 1966-09-27 | Kendall & Co | Self-inflatable catheter |
US3348542A (en) * | 1964-12-02 | 1967-10-24 | Richard R Jackson | Anesthetic articles |
GB1133728A (en) * | 1964-12-02 | 1968-11-13 | Richard Robert Jackson | Improvements in or relating to endotracheal tubes |
US3379197A (en) * | 1965-08-10 | 1968-04-23 | Goodrich Co B F | Self-inflating catheter with means to prevent leakage of inflation fluid |
US3625353A (en) * | 1969-02-19 | 1971-12-07 | Jintan Terumo Co | Package for sterilized articles |
US3669116A (en) * | 1970-07-06 | 1972-06-13 | Heyer Schulte Corp | Drainage catheter with anticlogging means |
Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4156428A (en) * | 1974-08-26 | 1979-05-29 | Henkin Melvyn Lane | Tracheal tube with expandable cuff system |
US4022217A (en) * | 1975-09-15 | 1977-05-10 | Dupaco Incorporated | Cuff configuration for cuff tracheal tubes |
EP0010880A1 (en) * | 1978-10-09 | 1980-05-14 | Dovecourt Limited | Cuffed Endotracheal and Tracheostomy Tubes |
US4364391A (en) * | 1980-11-14 | 1982-12-21 | Toye Frederic J | Tracheostomy apparatus and method |
US4375811A (en) * | 1981-02-24 | 1983-03-08 | Future Teck | Surgical ventilating apparatus |
US4378796A (en) * | 1981-04-17 | 1983-04-05 | Porges Societe Anonyme | Endo-tracheal or tracheotomic tube with shield for anaesthesia |
US4489722A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1984-12-25 | Medical Engineering Corporation | Laser resistant endotracheal tube |
US4598707A (en) * | 1984-06-21 | 1986-07-08 | Sherwood Medical Company | Medical tube with inflation cuff |
EP0209710A2 (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1987-01-28 | Sarcem Sa | Closed loop for a catheter |
EP0209710A3 (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1987-07-15 | Sarcem Sa | Closed loop for a catheter |
US4715378A (en) * | 1986-07-28 | 1987-12-29 | Mansfield Scientific, Inc. | Balloon catheter |
US4810455A (en) * | 1986-07-28 | 1989-03-07 | Mansfield Scientific, Inc. | Balloon catheter |
US4834087A (en) * | 1987-02-02 | 1989-05-30 | Mallinckrodt, Inc. | Laser resistant ventilating device |
US4953548A (en) * | 1987-02-02 | 1990-09-04 | Mallinckrodt, Inc. | Laser resistant ventilating device with locking ferrule |
US5040531A (en) * | 1987-02-02 | 1991-08-20 | Mallinckrodt Medical, Inc. | Laser resistant ventilating device |
US4906241A (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1990-03-06 | Boston Scientific Corporation | Dilation balloon |
US4978334A (en) * | 1988-09-08 | 1990-12-18 | Toye Frederic J | Apparatus and method for providing passage into body viscus |
US5251619A (en) * | 1991-12-04 | 1993-10-12 | Lee Myung Ho | Tonometric tracheal tube |
US5431662A (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 1995-07-11 | United States Surgical Corporation | Manipulator apparatus |
US5571115A (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 1996-11-05 | United States Surgical Corporation | Manipulator apparatus |
EP0648137A1 (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1995-04-19 | Mallinckrodt Medical, Inc. | Inner cannula for tracheostomy tube |
EP0648137A4 (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1995-08-09 | Mallinckrodt Medical Inc | Inner cannula for tracheostomy tube. |
US5447152A (en) * | 1992-08-13 | 1995-09-05 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Endotracheal tube and the method of manufacturing it |
EP0586717A1 (en) * | 1992-08-13 | 1994-03-16 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Endotracheal tube and the method of manufacturing it |
US5578048A (en) * | 1993-09-15 | 1996-11-26 | United States Surgical Corporation | Manipulator apparatus |
US7654264B2 (en) | 2006-07-18 | 2010-02-02 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Medical tube including an inflatable cuff having a notched collar |
US8096299B2 (en) | 2006-07-18 | 2012-01-17 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Medical tube including an inflatable cuff having a notched collar |
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