US3853651A - Process for the manufacture of continuous filament nonwoven web - Google Patents

Process for the manufacture of continuous filament nonwoven web Download PDF

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US3853651A
US3853651A US00320843A US32084373A US3853651A US 3853651 A US3853651 A US 3853651A US 00320843 A US00320843 A US 00320843A US 32084373 A US32084373 A US 32084373A US 3853651 A US3853651 A US 3853651A
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filaments
process according
deflector
deflector surface
vibrating
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P Porte
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Rhone Poulenc Textile SA
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Rhone Poulenc Textile SA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/03—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random
    • D04H3/033—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random reorientation immediately after yarn or filament formation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/03—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/03—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random
    • D04H3/037—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random reorientation by liquid
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/105—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by needling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/91—Product with molecular orientation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/681—Spun-bonded nonwoven fabric

Definitions

  • the spunbonded nonwoven fabrics produced are more homogeneous than similar fabrics produced without vibrating the deflector surface.
  • the fabrics are suitable for conventional uses of spunbonded nonwoven fabrics, such as apparel backing, padding and the like.
  • Spunbonded nonwoven textile fabrics are nonwoven textile fabrics substantially made of continuous filaments generally randomly disposed throughout the fabric.
  • the manufacture of spunbonded nonwoven textile fabrics generally consists of extruding through a spinneret a melted, or even dissolved, fiber-forming organic polymer.
  • the extruded filaments are generally next oriented by stretching the extruded fiber bundle, generally by pneumatically stretching the filaments with one or several compressed air jets. Then, the filament bundle is deposited in a pre-determined manner on a moving conveyor, with the speed and the method of feeding the conveyor being regulated to control the desired thickness and width of the nonwoven fabric, and also to increase the regularity or homogeneous nature, thereof.
  • the spunbonded fabric After being deposited on the moving conveyor, the spunbonded fabric is often subjected to a calendaring step, generally a relatively light calendaring step, preferably with the application of heat, to increase the cohesiveness of the final product.
  • a calendaring step generally a relatively light calendaring step, preferably with the application of heat, to increase the cohesiveness of the final product.
  • this calendaring step causes some of the basic filaments to be bound to one another, markedly increasing the unity of the non-woven fabric product.
  • the filaments are deposited on a moving receiving conveyor.
  • the distribution of the filaments on the conveyor is normally accomplished with the use of deflector surfaces.
  • the bundle offilaments is directed upon and impinges the deflector surface at a certain angle and then, after impingement, moves in a tangential direction along and off of the deflector surface.
  • the deflector surfaces are in the form offlat or curved surfaces, preferably curved surfaces of revolution, which can be either concave or convex in relation to the direction of travel of the filaments.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 2,736,676 discloses a process for producing sheets or mats made of strands, yarns, or slivers of various materials, especially glass strands.
  • the glass strands are extruded, stretched, and then impinged on a deflector surface.
  • the patent discloses that the deflector surface may be either flat or curved, and may be fixed or moveable. The angle of impingement is dis closed as being between 0 and 90.
  • the patent discloses, with relation to FIG. 7 thereof, the use of two air jets, mounted on opposite sides of the point of impact, to laterally sweep the strand from the deflector surface, by alternate operation.
  • the patent also discloses, with relation to FIGS.
  • U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 247,874 of Marchadier and Togny, assigned to the common assignee, filed Apr. 26, I972, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,798,100 discloses the use of a fluid jet device operating upon the point of impact of the filaments on the deflector surface from a location in front of the point of impact in relation to the direction of the deflected filaments, and in the same plane as the axis of the filaments before and after impact with the deflector surface.
  • the process of the present invention involves the use of a vibrating deflector surface upon which the polymeric filament is impinged, to produce in a simple way a spunbounded nonwoven textile fabric having an improved spread or width and improved homogeneity. At least one bundle of filaments is extruded and stretched by conventional methods. Then the filaments are distributed upon a moving receiving conveyor by means of a deflector surface, with at least that portion of the deflector surface at the point where the filaments have their maximum width being vibrated. Fluid jets may be associated with the deflector surface if desired.
  • Spunbonded nonwoven textile fabrics are manufactured by extruding filaments of a. fiber-forming polymer, orienting the extruded filaments by, stretching, and then distributing the filaments on a receiving conveyor by impinging the filaments on a smooth deflector surface.
  • the process of the present invention involves vibrating at least that portion of the smooth deflector surface where the bundle of filaments has the maximum spread or width. This area of the deflector surface is that portion which is nearest the moving receiving conveyor.
  • the filaments may impact the smooth deganic polymer.
  • Any of the conventional textile fiberforming organic polymers may be used, such as cellulose acetate, nylon or other polyaimide, rayon, acrylic, modacrylic and the like.
  • the polyester is a polyalkylene terephthalate.
  • polyalkylene terephthalate' iS used in the present specification it is to be understoodto apply to polymeric linear terephthalate esters formed by reacting a glycol of the series wherein n is an integer of 2 to l0, inclusive, with terephthalic acid or a lower alkyl ester of terephthalic acid, wherein the alkyl group contains l 4 carbon atoms, such as, for example, dimethyl terephthalate.
  • the preparation of polyalkylene terephthalates is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
  • polyethylene terephthalate which is the most preferred polymer in the practice of the process of the present invention.
  • Polyethylene terephthalate is generally produced by an ester interchange between ethylene glycol and dimethyl terephthalate to form bis-2-hydroxy ethyl terephthalate monomer, which is polymerized under reduced pressure and elevated temperature to polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the fiber-forming polymers are extruded into continuous textile filaments, generally of about 4 to 70 dtex.
  • the filaments may be extruded at extrusion rates which are conventional in the textile field. However, it is preferred that the impinging fibers be travelling at a speed of about 50 to 130 meters per second at the time of impact with the deflector surface, and the extrusion rate may be accordingly adjusted.
  • the filaments are generally stretched by an amount sufficient to orient the polymer molecules in the filament. Generally, the stretching will be within the range of about 200 to about 400 percent, based on the unstretched length of the filaments.
  • the filaments are stretched by pneumatic means, but other means may be utilized, such as those disclosed in the aforesaid U.S. Pat. No. 2,736,676, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the filaments After being stretched, the filaments are directed at the deflector surface, and impinged on the surface, generally at the aforesaid speed of about 50 to 130 meters per second. While the angle of impingement may be from slightly more than up to slightly less than 90, e.g. 1 to 89, it is preferred that the angle of impingement be from to 80, more preferably to 60.
  • the deflector surface may be flat or curved, and if a curved surface is used, it is preferred that the curved surface be a surface of revolution.
  • the curved surface may be either concave or convex, and may be either stationary or moveable, as known to the art. Any of the known deflectors, such as those disclosed in the aforesaid U.S, Pat. No. 2,736,676, may be used in the practice of this invention. It is important that the deflector present a smooth surface in order to prevent any restraint of the filaments and to prevent any filament impingement that might disturb the regularity of the deflected filaments. In normal operation, the nature of i the deflector material has no significant influence upon the formation of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
  • the material of which the deflector surface is made must have sufficient strength and resistance to abrasion so that the impingement of the filaments and the fluid jet will not deterioriate the surface.
  • suitable materials for the deflector surface may be mentioned soft steel, bronze, glass, ceramics, and the like.
  • a fluid jet may be directed to the point of impact of thefilaments with the deflector surface.
  • This fluid jet is conveniently formed by passing the fluid, preferably a gas, and most preferably compressed air, under pressure, through a nozzle.
  • the use of a fluid jet generally allows greater filament speeds to be obtained.
  • the air is suitably under a pressure of between about 1 to about 4 bars.
  • the nozzle preferably has a circular cross-section of a diameter of 0.5 to 5 millimeters, preferably 1 3 millimeters, although the nozzle cross-section can be of shapes other than circular.
  • the nozzle may be in the form of a rectangular or eliptical slot, having its major axis in the vertical plane defined by the axis of the impinging filaments and the average axis of the deflected filaments.
  • the nozzle cross-sectional area is preferably no larger or smaller than that of the circular nozzle mentioned above. It should be understood that the fluid pressure and nozzle areas mentioned above are not limiting, but are decidedly preferred, as it has been observed that lower pressures or greater cross-sectional areas produces an insufficient deflected filament spread, whereas higher pressures or smaller cross-sectional areas generally adversely affect the homogeneous nature of the resultant nonwoven fabric product.
  • the fluid jet acts in a manner which does not destroy the symmetry of the impacting bundle of filaments.
  • This is accomplished by having the fluid jet substantially in the vertical plane which contains the axis of the impacting filaments and the average axis of the deflected filaments.
  • the deflected filaments will be on diverging paths, so that some of the deflected filaments will be in a different vertical plane than other of the deflected filaments. Therefore, an average axis must be considered.
  • the deflected filaments may be subjected to a sweeping action, e.g., such as that caused by movement of the deflector surface, and this also must be considered when determining the average axis of the deflected filaments.
  • the velocity of the fluid jet should not be so great as to destroy the filament bundle symmetry.
  • the fluid jet is a gas, which generally is chemically inert with respect to the filament. It is, however, possible to use a gas or other fluid which does react with the filaments, if such action is desired.
  • Compressed air is conveniently used as the inert gas, as being efficient and economical, but other gases may also be used, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium and the like, and liquids, such as water, while not preferred, can be used as well.
  • the distance from the end of the fluid jet nozzle to the point of impact of the filaments on the deflector surface will vary according to the type of fluid, fluid pressure, nozzle size, diameter and number of filaments, and desired width of the fabric product.
  • the nozzle will be located a few centimeters from the point of impact, but this distance can be as great as a few decimeters.
  • the distance will be no greater than 5 decimeters and no less than about 2 centimeters, but preferably the distance is between 2 and 5 centimeters.
  • the vibrating deflector results in a better entanglement of the filaments and improved distribution of the filaments in the fabric, with the result that more regular, homogeneous fabric can be produced.
  • the deflector may be either fixed or moveable, and may be ofa plane form or curved.
  • the deflector can be made of any rigid material, including stratified materials, which have a coefficient of surface friction compatible with the extruded material. Generally, metals are preferred materials for the vibrating deflector. If desired, the deflector surface may be coated with a film of an elastomer or the like, or of a product having a paper-like characteristic.
  • the deflector surface may be vibrated or actuated by various known means, including mechanical, electromagnetic, magnetic, pneumatic, or by resonance.
  • the vibration can also be accomplished by the incident fluid directed upon the point of impact of the filaments with the deflector surface, if such fluid is used.
  • At least a portion of the deflector surface will be vibrated at a frequency of about 1.67-1000 vibrations per second, preferably about 8 50 vibrations per second.
  • the amplitude of the vibrations varies according to the dimensions of the vibrating deflector surface, but will generally be within the range of about 5 percent of the vibrating deflector surface portion length. That is, for a vibrating part which is 100 mm in length, the amplitude of the vibrations are generally within the range of 5 30 mm at the deflector extremity.
  • each unit comprising a deflector surface and associated vibrating means can be mounted side by side to treat a plurality of filament bundles, with each group of filaments so treated on each unit forming a portion of the final fabric.
  • This approach permits the ready production of extremely wide spunbonded nonwoven fabrics. Using this approach, care must be taken to avoid the disturbance of one deflected group of filaments by another group at the time of depositing the filaments on the conveyor. It is preferred to displace the deflected group of filaments so that they contact the conveyor in a stepwise manner.
  • the deposited filaments are subjected to conventional treatments to improve the cohesiveness of the nonwoven fabric product.
  • the use of needlepunching or a relatively light calendaring step is preferred, although other approaches, such as use of an adhesive, can also be utilized.
  • a calendaring stepusing a nip pressure of 20 kilograms per centimeter and a temperature of 140 250C is preferred.
  • the fabric is preferably needlepunched at a penetration density of about 5 500 penetrations per square centimeter, although it will be appreciated that even greater penetration densitites may be used if desired.
  • the penetration density will be in the range of 20 100 penetrations per square centimeter.
  • the weight of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric produced, for a given fabric width, can be controlled by varying the speed of the receiving conveyor and/or the extrusion rate of the filaments.
  • the fabric weight will generally be in .the range of 10 to 2,000 g/m preferably 10 to 500 grams per square meter, most preferably to grams per square meter.
  • the distance between the point of impact of the filament bundle on the deflector surface and the receiving conveyor can be conveniently regulated by shifting the conveyor,
  • the weight of the resulting fabric can be varied by changing the speed of the receiving conveyor and/or by changing the rate of filament extrusion.
  • the use of the vibrating deflector allows lightweight fabrics to be produced having a high degree of regularity.
  • several units, each consisting of at least one drawplate, a stretching nozzle, and a vibrating deflector can be mounted in a side-by-side relationship, with each bun die of filaments thus forming a portion of the final fab- IlC.
  • the vibrating deflector can be used on any conven-' tional apparatus for manufacturing spunbonded nonwoven fabrics.
  • the spunbonded fabric may be either of a natural color or may be colored .in the bulk.
  • the fabric may be used as such or printed, impregnated with pulverized or liquid adhesives or other products or needlepunched in one or several layers.
  • the spunbonded fabric may be made of heat-bondable material or of material which is not heat-bondable. The heat bonds may be developed on appropriate filaments by thermal treatment.
  • the spunbonded nonwoven fabric produced by the apparatus and process of the present invention may be used in applications where prior spunbonded nonwoven textile fabrics have been used, such as apparel backing, padding for garments and furniture and the like, for filters, sound and thermal installation, and in housing and in public works and buildmgs.
  • FIG. 1 represents a schematic side view of the process of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 represents a front view of a portion of the process depicted in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 represents another embodiment of thevibrating deflector surface
  • FIG. 4 represents yet another embodiment of the vibrating deflector surface.
  • filaments 1 are extruded through a spinneret 2 by a conventional extruder- (not shown) and passed through a stretching compressed air nozzle 3, wherein the filaments are stretched to orient same.
  • the filaments discharged from the stretching compressed air nozzle 3 impact upon. the fixed deflector surface portion 4.
  • a compressed air jet 9 formed by compressed air nozzle 8 is directed at the point of impact of the filaments 1 with the fixed deflector surface portion 4, and this compressed air jet 9 assists in the spreading of the bundle of filaments.
  • the filaments passing down the deflector surface pass over vibrating deflector surface portion 5, wherein the vibration is obtained by means of a cam 7, having a generally square configuration, driven by motor 6.
  • the filament bundle continues to open under the influence of the vibrations, with the filament bundle opening increased and the filaments somewhat undulated by the action of vibrating surface 5.
  • the plane filament bundle is transformed into a three-dimensional filament bundle 10 which is received in the form of a spunbonded nonwoven fabric 11 on receiving conveyor 12.
  • the receiving conveyor 12 has a lower speed than the filament bundle 10.
  • the conveyor 12 may be subjected to a transversal displacement movement, as can the other equipment mentioned above.
  • FIG. 3 represents an alternative apparatus for vibrating the vibrating deflector surface portion. Vibrating deflector surface portion 32 abuts fixed deflecting surface portion 31.
  • the vibrating portion 32 is made of ferromagnetic material and is vibrated by means of electromagnetic means comprising an electromagnetic bar 33, connected to an electrical circuit.
  • FIG. 4 represents yet another alternative embodiment for vibrating the vibrating deflector surface portion.
  • the vibrating portion 42 abuts fixed vibrator surface portion 41.
  • Vibrating portion 42 is vibrated by means of bar 43 actuated by solenoid 44.
  • Example 1 Two parallel bundles of filaments, each bundle having 70 filaments of 8.8 dtex, of polyethylene terephthalate were extruded through two spinnerets at a rate of kg/hour per spinneret. The distance between the axis of the two bundles of filaments discharged from the two spinnerets was 480 mm.
  • Each extruded bundle of filaments was then stretched 350 percent of its original length during passage through a compressed air nozzle and then passed through an apparatus formed by a rectilinear tube and a plate located at the extremity of the tube.
  • the plate was a plane inclined surface cutting across the major axis of the tube at an angle of 10.
  • the filaments discharged from the surface of the plate were received on a fixed vibrating deflector.
  • the fixed vibrating deflector was a plane deflector having a fixed glass portion which was I50 mm in length and I00 mm in width. Between the fixed glass portion and the receiving apron of the moving conveyor, described hereinafter, and adjacent the fixed deflector surface, was a vibrating plane deflector portion of polished bluish steel which was 155 mm in length and 90 mm in width (the length of the vibrating deflector portion was parallel to the axis of the moving conbrated, by a motor driving a square cam having sides 57 mm long. The vibrating deflector portion was vibrated at 2,000 vibrations per minute, corresponding to a vibrating frequency of 33.3 vibrations per second.
  • the extremity of the vibrating portion (furtherest removed from the fixed portion) and an amplitude of :t 10 mm.
  • the opposite extremity of the vibrating portion did not vibrate and was held in fixed abutting relationship to the fixed portion.
  • the filaments discharged from the vibrating portion surface were received on an inclined apron having an angle of 45 in relation to the horizontal, of a moving conveyor.
  • a web of 1 meter in width was obtained from the two bundles of filaments, with the weight of the fabric varying with respect to the speed of the moving conveyor as follows:
  • the needle punched web having a weight of 200 g/m had the following mechanical characteristics:
  • Example 1 Resistance to rupture Extension Tear Strength Machine direction (along length of web) Crossmachine direction (along width of web) 42 k 60% 15 kg 15 kg 33% 5 kg
  • Example 2 Example 1 was repeated, with the distance between the two extruded bundles of filaments being 720 mm.
  • the fixed deflector was replaced by a plane deflector having a cyclically oscillating motion arounda vertical axis parallel to the impinging filament bundle, oscillated at the rate of 60 round trips per minute about its axis with the total travel spanning an arc of 22.
  • the vibrating deflector was composed of a glass nonvibrating deflector portion and a bluish steel vibrating deflector portion.
  • the latter portion had a thickness of 0.2 mm.
  • the dimensions of the fixed deflector portion were 150 mm in length and 100 mm in width, whereas the vibrating deflector portion was 150 mmv in length and 90 mm in width.
  • the length of the deflector on the average, or mid-point, position of oscillation was parallel to the axis of the receiving apron of the moving conveyor.
  • the deflector made an angle of l25 with the vertical and was located mm from the tube/plate apparatus.
  • the distance from the lower edge of the deflector to the receiving apron was 45 cm.
  • the distance from the point of impact of the filaments on the deflector to the receiving apron was 690 mm, with the filaments impacting the deflector at the center of the fixed portion thereof.
  • the vibrating portion of the deflector was actuated by electromagnetic means and had a vibration speed of 1,000 vibrations per minute, corresponding to a vibration frequency of 16.6 cycles per second.
  • the extremity of the vibrating portion had an amplitude of i 12
  • the two bundles of deflected filaments were combined to produce a web of 1.4 meters in weight, whose weight varied with the speed of the receiving apron conveyor similar to Example 1.
  • a web having a weight of 200 g/m was needlepunched as in Example 1, producing a needlepunched web having the following mechanical characteristics:
  • the web produced utilizing the vibrating deflector surface was more isotropic and had improved resistance to rupture in the machine direction.
  • the resulting web was suitable for use in manufacturing wall coatings.
  • Example 3 A web having a weight of 120 g/m was made by extruding six parallel bundles of polyethylene terephthalate fibers, each bundle being formed of 60 filaments of 4.4 dtex. Each bundle was extruded through a separate spinneret at the rate of 9.3 kilograms per hour per spinneret, and the centers of the spinnerets, were separated by a distance of 370 mm. 7
  • the filaments were stretched 350 percent of their original length by a compressed air nozzle and then discharged upon a fixed deflector associated with a compressed air jet.
  • the compressed air jet was applied at the point of impact of the filaments on the deflector, at an angle of 35 with the impinging filament bundle.
  • the air jet was formed by passing compressed air at a pressure of 3.5 bars through a nozzle havinga circular port 3 mm in diameter, with the end of the nozzle located about 30 mm in front of the point of impact.
  • the deflector was made with a glass fixed deflector portion having a length of 150 mm and a width of I00 mm and a vibrating deflector portion (made of stratified glass and polyester resin, with a glass surface) having a length of 150 mm and a width of mm.
  • the extremity of the vibrating deflector had. an amplitude of: 10 mm, and the vibrating portion was vibrated at a frequency of 16 cycles per second by electromagnetic means.
  • the filaments discharged from the vibrating deflector were passed to an incline apron at an angle of 45 and moving at a speed of 4 meters per minute, of a moving conveyor.
  • the inclined apron was located 45 cm from the extremity of the vibrating deflector portion.
  • the resulting web was needlepunched similar to Example l, and then had a width of 2l0 mm and a weight of g/m and the following characteristics:
  • This web had an irregularity coefficient of 5.5 percent.
  • a process for manufacturing spunbonded nonwoven textile fabrics comprising extruding a plurality of filaments of a fiber forming polymer, orienting the extrudedfilaments by stretching .same about 200 to about 400 percent of their original length, and thereafter distributing the filaments on a receiving surface by impinging the filaments on a smooth deflector surface, the improvement comprising vibrating in a substantially vertical plane at least that portion of the deflector surface where the plurality of filaments have their greatest width at a vibration frequency of about 1.67 to 1,000 vibrations per second, and at an amplitude of about to 30 percent of the length of the vibrating deflector surface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US00320843A 1972-01-04 1973-01-04 Process for the manufacture of continuous filament nonwoven web Expired - Lifetime US3853651A (en)

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US455810A US3923587A (en) 1972-01-04 1974-03-28 Apparatus for the manufacture of continuous filament nonwoven web

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FR7200264A FR2166281B1 (sv) 1972-01-04 1972-01-04

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JP (1) JPS5748657B2 (sv)
AR (1) AR197313A1 (sv)
AU (1) AU472896B2 (sv)
BE (1) BE793649A (sv)
BR (1) BR7300019D0 (sv)
CA (1) CA1010205A (sv)
CH (1) CH558439A (sv)
DE (1) DE2300331C2 (sv)
DK (1) DK141668B (sv)
ES (1) ES410350A1 (sv)
FI (1) FI52120C (sv)
FR (1) FR2166281B1 (sv)
GB (1) GB1397325A (sv)
IT (1) IT972671B (sv)
LU (1) LU66788A1 (sv)
NL (1) NL171473C (sv)
NO (1) NO133278C (sv)
OA (1) OA04277A (sv)
SE (1) SE394899B (sv)
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US3947310A (en) * 1974-07-11 1976-03-30 Chevron Research Company Extra-wide nonwoven sheets
FR2365354A1 (fr) * 1976-09-23 1978-04-21 Monsanto Co Balles recouvertes de tissu non tisse se composant de filaments de polymere synthetique continu
US4089720A (en) * 1975-11-28 1978-05-16 Monsanto Company Method and apparatus for making a nonwoven fabric
US4163305A (en) * 1974-12-21 1979-08-07 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process and device for the manufacture of non woven webs from filaments
US4172307A (en) * 1977-03-25 1979-10-30 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for the manufacture of non-wovens
US4346504A (en) * 1980-07-11 1982-08-31 Hoechst Fibers Industries Yarn forwarding and drawing apparatus
US4380104A (en) * 1980-01-18 1983-04-19 Seiichi Kamioka Apparatus for separating the filament bundle of fibrous material
US4392903A (en) * 1980-05-02 1983-07-12 Toray Industries, Inc. Process for making a thermal-insulating nonwoven bulky product
US4857251A (en) * 1988-04-14 1989-08-15 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Method of forming a nonwoven web from a surface-segregatable thermoplastic composition
US5145727A (en) * 1990-11-26 1992-09-08 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Multilayer nonwoven composite structure
US5149576A (en) * 1990-11-26 1992-09-22 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Multilayer nonwoven laminiferous structure
US5244723A (en) * 1992-01-03 1993-09-14 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Filaments, tow, and webs formed by hydraulic spinning
US5244947A (en) * 1991-12-31 1993-09-14 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Stabilization of polyolefin nonwoven webs against actinic radiation
US5244525A (en) * 1987-11-02 1993-09-14 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Methods for bonding, cutting and printing polymeric materials using xerographic printing of IR absorbing material
US5283023A (en) * 1992-01-03 1994-02-01 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Method of imparting delayed wettability to a nonwoven web
US5300167A (en) * 1992-01-03 1994-04-05 Kimberly-Clark Method of preparing a nonwoven web having delayed antimicrobial activity
US5342335A (en) * 1991-12-19 1994-08-30 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven web of poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers
US5344862A (en) * 1991-10-25 1994-09-06 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Thermoplastic compositions and nonwoven webs prepared therefrom
US5382703A (en) * 1992-11-06 1995-01-17 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Electron beam-graftable compound and product from its use
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US5455074A (en) * 1992-12-29 1995-10-03 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Laminating method and products made thereby
US5494855A (en) * 1994-04-06 1996-02-27 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Thermoplastic compositions and nonwoven webs prepared therefrom
US5567372A (en) * 1993-06-11 1996-10-22 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Method for preparing a nonwoven web containing antimicrobial siloxane quaternary ammonium salts
US5582632A (en) * 1994-05-11 1996-12-10 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Corona-assisted electrostatic filtration apparatus and method
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US5641822A (en) * 1989-09-18 1997-06-24 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Surface-segregatable compositions and nonwoven webs prepared therefrom
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US5696191A (en) * 1989-09-18 1997-12-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Surface-segregatable compositions and nonwoven webs prepared therefrom
US5698481A (en) * 1994-10-12 1997-12-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Sterilization wrap material
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US5738745A (en) * 1995-11-27 1998-04-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of improving the photostability of polypropylene compositions
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US5773120A (en) * 1997-02-28 1998-06-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Loop material for hook-and-loop fastening system
US5780369A (en) * 1997-06-30 1998-07-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Saturated cellulosic substrate
US5800866A (en) * 1996-12-06 1998-09-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of preparing small particle dispersions
US5801106A (en) * 1996-05-10 1998-09-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Polymeric strands with high surface area or altered surface properties
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US5925712A (en) * 1996-08-16 1999-07-20 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fusible printable coating for durable images
US5932299A (en) * 1996-04-23 1999-08-03 Katoot; Mohammad W. Method for modifying the surface of an object
US6020277A (en) * 1994-06-23 2000-02-01 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Polymeric strands with enhanced tensile strength, nonwoven webs including such strands, and methods for making same
US6036467A (en) * 1994-06-23 2000-03-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Apparatus for ultrasonically assisted melt extrusion of fibers
US6046378A (en) * 1995-03-14 2000-04-04 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Wettable article
US6053424A (en) * 1995-12-21 2000-04-25 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Apparatus and method for ultrasonically producing a spray of liquid
US6060410A (en) * 1998-04-22 2000-05-09 Gillberg-Laforce; Gunilla Elsa Coating of a hydrophobic polymer substrate with a nonstoichiometric polyelectrolyte complex
US6120888A (en) * 1997-06-30 2000-09-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ink jet printable, saturated hydroentangled cellulosic substrate
US6162535A (en) * 1996-05-24 2000-12-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ferroelectric fibers and applications therefor
US6242041B1 (en) 1997-11-10 2001-06-05 Mohammad W. Katoot Method and composition for modifying the surface of an object
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US6450417B1 (en) 1995-12-21 2002-09-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Inc. Ultrasonic liquid fuel injection apparatus and method
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US6759356B1 (en) 1998-06-30 2004-07-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fibrous electret polymeric articles
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US20050161214A1 (en) * 2004-01-27 2005-07-28 Morten Myhre Rotationally locked wear sleeve for through-tubing drilling and completion
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US3967118A (en) * 1975-04-29 1976-06-29 Monsanto Company Method and apparatus for charging a bundle of filaments
US4009508A (en) * 1975-04-30 1977-03-01 Monsanto Company Method for forwarding and charging a bundle of filaments
JPS52101873U (sv) * 1976-01-13 1977-08-02
NL7710470A (nl) * 1977-09-26 1979-03-28 Akzo Nv Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vervaardigen van een niet-geweven vlies uit synthetische filamenten.
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US3947310A (en) * 1974-07-11 1976-03-30 Chevron Research Company Extra-wide nonwoven sheets
US4163305A (en) * 1974-12-21 1979-08-07 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process and device for the manufacture of non woven webs from filaments
US4089720A (en) * 1975-11-28 1978-05-16 Monsanto Company Method and apparatus for making a nonwoven fabric
US4095312A (en) * 1975-11-28 1978-06-20 Monsanto Company Apparatus for making a nonwoven fabric
FR2365354A1 (fr) * 1976-09-23 1978-04-21 Monsanto Co Balles recouvertes de tissu non tisse se composant de filaments de polymere synthetique continu
US4172307A (en) * 1977-03-25 1979-10-30 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for the manufacture of non-wovens
US4380104A (en) * 1980-01-18 1983-04-19 Seiichi Kamioka Apparatus for separating the filament bundle of fibrous material
US4392903A (en) * 1980-05-02 1983-07-12 Toray Industries, Inc. Process for making a thermal-insulating nonwoven bulky product
US4346504A (en) * 1980-07-11 1982-08-31 Hoechst Fibers Industries Yarn forwarding and drawing apparatus
US5244525A (en) * 1987-11-02 1993-09-14 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Methods for bonding, cutting and printing polymeric materials using xerographic printing of IR absorbing material
US4857251A (en) * 1988-04-14 1989-08-15 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Method of forming a nonwoven web from a surface-segregatable thermoplastic composition
US5696191A (en) * 1989-09-18 1997-12-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Surface-segregatable compositions and nonwoven webs prepared therefrom
US5641822A (en) * 1989-09-18 1997-06-24 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Surface-segregatable compositions and nonwoven webs prepared therefrom
US5145727A (en) * 1990-11-26 1992-09-08 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Multilayer nonwoven composite structure
US5149576A (en) * 1990-11-26 1992-09-22 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Multilayer nonwoven laminiferous structure
US5178931A (en) * 1990-11-26 1993-01-12 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Three-layer nonwoven laminiferous structure
US5178932A (en) * 1990-11-26 1993-01-12 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Three-layer nonwoven composite structure
US5344862A (en) * 1991-10-25 1994-09-06 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Thermoplastic compositions and nonwoven webs prepared therefrom
US5413655A (en) * 1991-10-25 1995-05-09 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Thermoplastic compositions and nonwoven webs prepared therefrom
US5445785A (en) * 1991-12-19 1995-08-29 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Method of preparing a nonwoven web of poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers
US5342335A (en) * 1991-12-19 1994-08-30 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven web of poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers
US5244947A (en) * 1991-12-31 1993-09-14 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Stabilization of polyolefin nonwoven webs against actinic radiation
US5244723A (en) * 1992-01-03 1993-09-14 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Filaments, tow, and webs formed by hydraulic spinning
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US5853641A (en) * 1993-06-11 1998-12-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for preparing polyolefin fibers containing antimicrobial siloxane quarternary ammonium salts
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US5853883A (en) * 1993-06-11 1998-12-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Polyolefin fibers containing antimicrobial siloxane quaternary ammonium salts
US5777010A (en) * 1993-06-11 1998-07-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Melt-extrudable compositions containing antimicrobial siloxane quaternary ammonium salts
US5854147A (en) * 1993-06-11 1998-12-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Non-woven web containing antimicrobial siloxane quaternary ammonium salts
US5525286A (en) * 1993-08-19 1996-06-11 Polyfelt Gesellschaft M.B.H. Process for controlling the anisotropy of spunbonded webs
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US5744548A (en) * 1994-10-12 1998-04-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Melt-extrudable thermoplastic polypropylene composition and nonwoven web prepared therefrom
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US5801106A (en) * 1996-05-10 1998-09-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Polymeric strands with high surface area or altered surface properties
US5688465A (en) * 1996-05-13 1997-11-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of corona treating a hydrophobic sheet material
US6162535A (en) * 1996-05-24 2000-12-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ferroelectric fibers and applications therefor
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US5733603A (en) * 1996-06-05 1998-03-31 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Surface modification of hydrophobic polymer substrate
US5998023A (en) * 1996-06-05 1999-12-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Surface modification of hydrophobic polymer substrate
US6033739A (en) * 1996-08-16 2000-03-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fusible printing coating for durable images
US5962149A (en) * 1996-08-16 1999-10-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fusible printable coating for durable images
US5925712A (en) * 1996-08-16 1999-07-20 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fusible printable coating for durable images
US5800866A (en) * 1996-12-06 1998-09-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of preparing small particle dispersions
US5773120A (en) * 1997-02-28 1998-06-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Loop material for hook-and-loop fastening system
US6120888A (en) * 1997-06-30 2000-09-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Ink jet printable, saturated hydroentangled cellulosic substrate
US5780369A (en) * 1997-06-30 1998-07-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Saturated cellulosic substrate
US6242041B1 (en) 1997-11-10 2001-06-05 Mohammad W. Katoot Method and composition for modifying the surface of an object
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Also Published As

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OA04277A (fr) 1979-12-31
BR7300019D0 (pt) 1973-09-13
SE394899B (sv) 1977-07-18
NO133278C (sv) 1976-04-07
BE793649A (fr) 1973-07-03
FI52120B (sv) 1977-02-28
NL7216267A (sv) 1973-07-06
ZA7349B (en) 1973-09-26
DK141668C (sv) 1980-10-20
AU5075373A (en) 1974-07-04
FR2166281A1 (sv) 1973-08-17
NL171473B (nl) 1982-11-01
ES410350A1 (es) 1975-12-01
CA1010205A (fr) 1977-05-17
AU472896B2 (en) 1976-06-10
NL171473C (nl) 1983-04-05
AR197313A1 (es) 1974-03-29
DE2300331C2 (de) 1982-03-18
IT972671B (it) 1974-05-31
GB1397325A (en) 1975-06-11
JPS5748657B2 (sv) 1982-10-18
JPS4912164A (sv) 1974-02-02
DK141668B (da) 1980-05-19
SU472510A3 (ru) 1975-05-30
NO133278B (sv) 1975-12-29
CH558439A (fr) 1975-01-31
LU66788A1 (sv) 1973-03-19
FR2166281B1 (sv) 1974-05-10
FI52120C (sv) 1977-06-10
DE2300331A1 (de) 1973-08-02

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