US3853457A - Flare - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3853457A
US3853457A US00363857A US36385773A US3853457A US 3853457 A US3853457 A US 3853457A US 00363857 A US00363857 A US 00363857A US 36385773 A US36385773 A US 36385773A US 3853457 A US3853457 A US 3853457A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tubes
fuel
fuel chamber
coanda nozzles
sectional area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00363857A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
D Desty
C Young
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BP PLC
Original Assignee
BP PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BP PLC filed Critical BP PLC
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3853457A publication Critical patent/US3853457A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/005—Waste disposal systems
    • E21B41/0071—Adaptation of flares, e.g. arrangements of flares in offshore installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/08—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S239/00—Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
    • Y10S239/07—Coanda

Definitions

  • a flare suitable for use for the disposal of combustible waste gases from marine platforms comprises a fuel chamber having tubes passing through it.
  • the interior '8 431/328 239m of the fuel chamber is connected to the bores of the [58] Fie'ld 328 174V tubes only by Coanda nozzles.
  • 3 5 3 fuel from the fuel chamber passes via the Coancla nozzles into the tubes and thus surrounding air is entrained into the fuel flow.
  • the combustible mixture [56] B S;Z S SZ? NTS thus formed is burned off above the tubes. 3,504,994 4/1970, Desty et al. 431/328 x 4 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures L a.
  • a burner element of a flare tip suitable for the disposal of waste combustible gases comprises a fuel chamber through which pass a plurality of tubes, there being means for reducing gas velocity attached to the exit of the tubes the interior of the fuel chamber being connected to the bores of the tubes only by means of Coanda nozzles so that, during use of the device, fuel passes from the fuel chamber into the tubes via the Coanda nozzles thus entraining surrounding air into the fuel flow, thefuel and air then passing through the tubes exits to a combustion zone.
  • a Coanda nozzle may be defined as a nozzle capable of discharging a fluid at high pressure into another fluid of low pressure through a narrow slot of chosen dimensions having a curved surface of chosen contour substantially contiguous with one wall of said slot.
  • a suitable form of Coanda nozzle is described in our British Pat. No. 1,278,577.
  • the shape of the tubes is preferably cylindrical and most preferably the tubes are arranged with their axes parallel to one another.
  • the means for reducing the gas velocity is preferably a tube of increasing cross-sectional area and is most preferably a diffuser cone projecting above the top plate of the fuel chamber from each tube.
  • The. cone dimensions employed are dependent on the gases flared.
  • the diffuser cone a truncated cone
  • the diffuser cone mouth diameter is from one and onehalf to two times its throat diameter.
  • the tubes at the Coanda nozzle end have a diameter from 1 inch 3 inches, a separation of centres from 2 inches 6 inches, and a length of 6 inches 12 inches.
  • the tubes are preferably in an array and their centres being not greater than five tube diameters apart.
  • the burner element described above can burn a wide variety of gases e.g., ethane, methane.
  • the burner element is of modular construction i.e., the element is made up of a suitable number of small units. This yields advantages in assembly and manufacture of the element.
  • a preferred form of module is triangular in shape. In a preferred construction, a hexagonal burner element having a total of 270 Coanda units.
  • the burner element can form part of flares used for burning off waste gases e.g., on a marine platform.
  • the invention also provides a flare tip suitable for the disposal of combustible gaseous fuel which comprises one or more burner elements as hereinbefore described.
  • pilot lights Preferably, particularly during.
  • radiation and/or wind shields are associated with the burner element.
  • the invention provides a method for the disposal of combustible gaseous fuel whereby the fuel is passed from the fuel chamber of the burner element of a flare tip as hereinbefore described into the tubes via the Coanda nozzles thus entraining surrounding air into the fuel flow, the fuel and air then passing through the tube exits to a combustion zone where it is ignited.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of the flarestack mounted on a marine platform.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-section of a burner element.
  • FIG. 3 shows the modular construction of the burner element
  • FIG. 4 shows a plan of an alternative layout.
  • FIG. 1 A flarestack mounted on a marine platform is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the fuel is fed into the flarestack by means of fuel inlet pipe 1 from gas-oil separators and is passed to the burner elements 3 preferably situated away from production units .2.
  • the flarestack is supported by means of a cantilevered support 4 projecting from the marine platform 5.
  • the burner elements 3 are mounted on a tower 6 of height about feet.
  • FIG. 2 A cross-section of the burner element is shown-in FIG. 2.
  • the burner element comprises a fuel chamber 7 through which passes a plurality of tubes 8.
  • the fuel chamber 7 is closed by parallel top and bottom metal plates 9 and 10.
  • the interior of the fuel chamber is connected to the bores of each individual tube 8 by means of Coanda nozzle chamber 14.
  • Bolts secure the fuel chamber, nozzle and tube in position.
  • the tubes 8 protrude some distance above the top plate 9 of the fuel chamber-7 in the form of a diffuser cone 11.
  • the tubes have a 2% inch diameter at a separation of centres of 4% inch and are 15 inch long.
  • fuel enters the fuel chamber 7 via the fuel supply line (not shown).
  • the fuel then passes from fuel chamber 7 into the Coanda nozzle' chamber 14 by means of holes 13.
  • the fuel emerges into the tube 8 from the Coanda slot 12.
  • the Coanda effect causes entrainment of surrounding air so that a combustible mixture of fuel gas and air passes along the tube 8 and into the combustion zone which is situated above the diffuser cone 11.
  • the burner construction yields a single horizontal combustion zone spreading over the tubes 8.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the modular construction of the burnerelement.
  • the element is made up from six triangular modules 15, eachmodule containing forty five tubes 8.
  • each flare consists of 3 elements, thus the flare contains a total of 3 X 270 810 tubes.
  • the fuel gas enters the fuel inlet pipe 1.
  • the six triangular modules are surrounded by a common fuel manifold 18.
  • the element or array 3 is mounted around and extending vertically upwards from the burner element.
  • Each flare consists of three separate hexagonal burners, each about eight feet across the flats mounted horizontally with a wind shield approximately 2 feet high surrounding the burner element.
  • the fuel inlet pipes have a diameter of about 6 inches.
  • FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the layout indicating the position of the various integers.
  • the main platform 16 is of side 170 feet.
  • the platform is shielded from the burner elements 3 by means of radiation shield 17.
  • the flare is supported from the platform by means of a cantilevered support 4 which also carries the fuel supply to the stack.
  • a burner element comprising: a fuel chamber through which pass a plurality of first tubes, the shape of said first tubes being cylindrical and being arranged with their axes parallel to one another; means for reducing gas velocity comprising second tubes of increasing cross-sectional area attached to the exit of each of said plurality of first tubes; said second tubes of increasing cross-sectional area each comprising a diffuser cone having a throat diameter of 1 inch to 3 inches and a length of 6 inches to 18 inches; the interior of said fuel chamber being connected to the bores of each of said plurality of first tubes only by means of Coanda nozzles so that, in use, fuel passes from said fuel chamher into said first tubes via the Coanda nozzles thus entraining surrounding air into the fuel flow, said fuel and air thereafter passing through each of said first tube exits and said second tubes of increasing crosssectional area to a combustion zone to thereby produce a single, self-stabilizing, horizontal flame.
  • a burner element comprising a fuel chamber through which pass a plurality of tubes in an array, the centres of the tubes being not greater than five tube diarneters apart; means for reducing gas velocity attached to the exit of the tubes, the interior of the fuel chamber being connected to the bores of the tubes only by means of Coanda nozzles so that, in use, fuel passes from the fuel chamber into the tubes via the Coanda nozzles thus entraining surrounding air into the fuel flow, the fuel and air then passing through the tube exits to a combustion zone to thereby produce a single, self-stabilizing, horizontal flame.
  • a burner element comprising a fuel chamber through which pass a plurality of tubes; means for reducing gas velocity attached to the exit of the tubes, the interior of the fuel chamber being connected to the bores of the tubes only by means of Coanda nozzles so that, in use, fuel passes from the fuel chamber into the tubes via the Coanda nozzles thus entraining surrounding air into the fuel flow, the fuel and air then passing through the tube exits to a combustion zone to thereby produce a single, self-stabilizing horizontal flame; said burner element being of modular construction and formed from six triangular modules in the shape of a hexagon.
  • a burner element comprising; a fuel chamber through which pass a plurality of first tubes, the shape of said first tubes being cylindrical and being arranged with their axes parallel to one another; means for reducing gas velocity comprising second tubes of increasing cross-sectional area attached to the exit of each of said plurality of first tubes; said second tubes of increasing cross-sectional area each comprising a diffuser cone having an included angle of 3l0 and an exit mouth diameter from one and one-half to two times greater than its throat diameter; the interior of said fuel chamber being connected to the bores of each of said plurality of first tubes only by means of Coanda nozzles so that, in use, fuel passes from said fuel chamber into said first tubes via the Coanda nozzles thus entraining surrounding air into the fuel flow, said fuel and said air thereafter passing through each of said first tube exits and said second tubes of increasing cross-sectional area to a combustion zone to thereby produce a single, selfstabilizing, horizontal flame.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
US00363857A 1972-06-01 1973-05-25 Flare Expired - Lifetime US3853457A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2570172A GB1426333A (en) 1972-06-01 1972-06-01 Burner element

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3853457A true US3853457A (en) 1974-12-10

Family

ID=10231908

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00363857A Expired - Lifetime US3853457A (en) 1972-06-01 1973-05-25 Flare

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3853457A (fr)
JP (1) JPS56683B2 (fr)
BE (1) BE800377A (fr)
DE (1) DE2327017A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2187091A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1426333A (fr)
IT (1) IT985115B (fr)
NL (1) NL7307546A (fr)
NO (1) NO134636C (fr)
SE (1) SE397402B (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4019852A (en) * 1974-10-23 1977-04-26 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Quiet and smokeless flaring of off-gases containing hydrocarbons
US4073613A (en) * 1974-06-25 1978-02-14 The British Petroleum Company Limited Flarestack Coanda burners with self-adjusting slot at pressure outlet
US4125361A (en) * 1975-11-12 1978-11-14 The British Petroleum Company Limited Baffle
US20110207066A1 (en) * 2006-03-27 2011-08-25 John Zink Company, Llc Flare apparatus
CN106703709A (zh) * 2017-02-21 2017-05-24 李广连 一种六角油管旁路连接装置
US20200378597A1 (en) * 2016-06-03 2020-12-03 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Gas burner and domestic cooking appliance

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6435819U (fr) * 1987-08-24 1989-03-03
JP6863947B2 (ja) 2018-11-06 2021-04-21 ファナック株式会社 加工プログラムの表示装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1235302A (fr) * 1953-11-06 1960-07-08 Sfericoanda Dispositif aspirateur
US3504994A (en) * 1967-01-10 1970-04-07 British Petroleum Co Burner for use with fluid fuels
US3718426A (en) * 1969-10-16 1973-02-27 Gasmat Burners Ltd Burner

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1235302A (fr) * 1953-11-06 1960-07-08 Sfericoanda Dispositif aspirateur
US3504994A (en) * 1967-01-10 1970-04-07 British Petroleum Co Burner for use with fluid fuels
US3718426A (en) * 1969-10-16 1973-02-27 Gasmat Burners Ltd Burner

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4073613A (en) * 1974-06-25 1978-02-14 The British Petroleum Company Limited Flarestack Coanda burners with self-adjusting slot at pressure outlet
US4019852A (en) * 1974-10-23 1977-04-26 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Quiet and smokeless flaring of off-gases containing hydrocarbons
US4125361A (en) * 1975-11-12 1978-11-14 The British Petroleum Company Limited Baffle
US20110207066A1 (en) * 2006-03-27 2011-08-25 John Zink Company, Llc Flare apparatus
US20200378597A1 (en) * 2016-06-03 2020-12-03 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Gas burner and domestic cooking appliance
US11543122B2 (en) * 2016-06-03 2023-01-03 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Gas burner and domestic cooking appliance
CN106703709A (zh) * 2017-02-21 2017-05-24 李广连 一种六角油管旁路连接装置
CN106703709B (zh) * 2017-02-21 2018-09-14 盐城市崇达石化机械有限公司 一种六角油管旁路连接装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO134636C (fr) 1976-11-17
DE2327017A1 (de) 1973-12-20
GB1426333A (en) 1976-02-25
JPS4950536A (fr) 1974-05-16
NL7307546A (fr) 1973-12-04
BE800377A (fr) 1973-12-03
NO134636B (fr) 1976-08-09
JPS56683B2 (fr) 1981-01-09
SE397402B (sv) 1977-10-31
FR2187091A5 (fr) 1974-01-11
IT985115B (it) 1974-11-30

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