US3850619A - Process for producing cadmium - Google Patents

Process for producing cadmium Download PDF

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Publication number
US3850619A
US3850619A US00106387A US10638771A US3850619A US 3850619 A US3850619 A US 3850619A US 00106387 A US00106387 A US 00106387A US 10638771 A US10638771 A US 10638771A US 3850619 A US3850619 A US 3850619A
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solution
cadmium
copper
zinc
arsenic
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US00106387A
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English (en)
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S Fugleberg
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Outokumpu Oyj
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Outokumpu Oyj
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B17/00—Obtaining cadmium
    • C22B17/04—Obtaining cadmium by wet processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
    • C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
    • C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
    • C22B3/46—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes by substitution, e.g. by cementation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Cadmium is recovered from a suspension of a CdSO, solution containing as impurities Co, Ni, Cu, As, Sb, Pb and Zn salts, and a solid phase containing Cu, As or Sb.
  • a reducing agent e.g., metallic Zn is added to the solution to cementate all impurities but Pb, which is precipitated from the filtered solution by means of adding thereto Sr or Ba salts.
  • Cd is cemented, separated from the solution and smelt refined with alkali to remove Zn.
  • the invention relates to the field of producing cadmium and more specifically to a process for recovering cadmium by leaching a cementation precipitate from the refining of a solution from the Zn process.
  • the zinc process is the following: ZnO, which has been obtained by roasting a material containing ZnS, is leached in the return acid from the electrolysis.
  • the return acid contains H 80 and ZnSO, in varying proportions, depending on the circumstances prevailing in the electrolysis.
  • the result of this leaching is a neutral ZnSO solution containing impurities that have to be removed before the electrolysis.
  • the refined solution is then conducted into the electrolysis process where Zn is separated and an equivalent amount of H 50 produced.
  • the separation of iron is usually carried out by hydrolytic precipitation under oxidizing conditions, at-
  • Process 1 is very advantageous in regard to the recovery of Cd because all the Cd ends up in the Cd-circuit, which usually appears in connection with the refining of zinc, but it has some obvious disadvantages as well. Co will precipitate to some extent during the first phase and, therefore, follow Cd into the Cd-circuit. However, Co can be returned to the Zn-circuit which contains an outlet for Co. There must be an outlet for Ni in the Cdcircuit. However, this causes a remarkable inconvenience because Ni and Cd cannot be precipitated selectively enough with Zn-powder, and Cd, which precipitates first, tends to remain remarkably impure. Thus, an outlet for nickel and its simultaneous complete separation from cadmium cannot be obtained in a single Znpowder precipitation.
  • process 1 cannot be considered satisfactory if, in addition to Co, Ni is present in the ZnSo solution.
  • process 2- When process 2 is used (see FIG. 2), advantage isusually taken of the above case in which Cd precipitates with great difficulty if As (Sb) is present. Therefore, the precipitation is carried out so that, during thev first phase, the purpose is to keep Cd in the solution and to precipitate all the other substances more noble than Zn. Thus, an outlet intothe Cu precipitate is created for all the impurities except Cd. The Cu precipitate then goes into the Cu smelting process, and a relatively pure Cd precipitate is obtained during the second phase. Impurities which, however, end up in small quantities in the Cd-circuit can be returned to the Zncircuit before the refining of the solution; thus, and outlet in the Cd-circuit can be eliminated.
  • the refining could be carried out so that only a combined precipitate is produced and the entire amount of precipitated substances is treated in the Cdcircuit. While a more effective leaching of Cd and Zn is obtained, the Cd-circuit will contain all the impurities precipitated from the Zn-circuit. This, again, means that their outlet in the process must be in the Cd-circuit, and that returning to the Zn-circuit cannot be used as the only refining process in the Cd-circuit. Also, because the amount of impurities is considerably high, the refining processes must be such that the losses of Cu, Cd, and Zn are small, and sufficiently effective to produce pure Cd in a relatively simple manner.
  • the Cu concentration in the solution can be used to indicate the completion of the leaching.
  • the process can be continued in the following manner which is being used or has been used (see FIG. 3, Alf, A. 1.: Journal of Metals, Sept. 1958, pp. 607-610).
  • the leach residue is filtered out of the solution and Cu precipitated from the refined so.- lution with Zn-powder.
  • Cd is filtered out of the solution, and Co and Ni are precipitated in the ordinary manner from the solution that has a low Cd content, with Zn-powder and As (Sb) Cu additive.
  • the refined solution can be returned to the Zncircuit after a filtration.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show the flow diagram of processes 1 and 2, respectively,
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of how the process may be continued after the leaching
  • FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Pb is the only impurity which will be present in the Cd sponge and which cannot be effectively removed by alkali smelting.
  • Pb can be precipitated from an acidic sulphate solution as an isomorphic Sr- Pb-sulphate by adding SrCO (Ba can also be used) (US. Pat. No. 2,496,996).
  • SrCO SrCO
  • such a low Pb content as 0.1 mg/l can be obtained in the solution giving a maximum content. of 5 ppm. in the cadmium sponge if the Cd content in the solution is 20 g/l.
  • the Cd is precipitated with a high-class Zn-powder, in which case the amount of precious impurities is determined by their content in the Zn-powder.
  • Zn and a number of other unprecious elements, such as Fe, Si, Al, Mn, and Mg are then removed simply by alkali smelt refining.
  • Cd with a degree of purity of at least 99.995 percent can be obtained ina simple manner from such a difficult material as that obtained from solution refining according to process 2.
  • a method for facilitating recovery of cadmium from a cadmium sulfate solution derived from an electrolytic zinc process comprising (a) adding a reducing agent to a cadmium sulfate solution containing in solution the following impurities: lead and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt and nickel, and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of cooper, zinc, arsenic, and antimony, and containing undissolved copper and arsenic or undissolved copper, arsenic, and antimony, to cement substantially all dissoved metal, (b) filtering the solution to remove the cemented metal impurities except lead and undissolved copper and arsenic or copper, arsenic, and anitmony, and (c) adding a salt of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of strontium and barium to the filtrate to remove the lead, thereby producing pure cadmium solution.
  • the cadmium sulfate solution contains dissolved nickel, copper, lead and zinc, and undissolved dispersed copper and arse: nic.
  • the method of claim 1 further comprising, after 5.
  • the cementing agent for cadmium is zinc, the cemented cadmium and zinc are leached in an acid medium, and then electrolyzed, and acid from the electrolysis is recycled to the leaching step.
  • the cadmium sulfate solution contains dissolved nickel, copper, lead adding said salt, cementing cadmium from the solution, 10 f Zinc, and undissolved dispfirsed pp and arse separating the cemented cadmium from the solution, and smelt refining the separated cadmium with alkali.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US00106387A 1970-01-14 1971-01-14 Process for producing cadmium Expired - Lifetime US3850619A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI700106A FI46633C (fi) 1970-01-14 1970-01-14 Menetelmä kadmiumin valmistamiseksi.

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US3850619A true US3850619A (en) 1974-11-26

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US00106387A Expired - Lifetime US3850619A (en) 1970-01-14 1971-01-14 Process for producing cadmium

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US (1) US3850619A (OSRAM)
BE (1) BE761430A (OSRAM)
CA (1) CA941619A (OSRAM)
DE (1) DE2101072C3 (OSRAM)
FI (1) FI46633C (OSRAM)
NL (1) NL154557B (OSRAM)
NO (1) NO128371B (OSRAM)
SU (1) SU764618A3 (OSRAM)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2399480A1 (fr) * 1977-08-03 1979-03-02 Ammi Spa Procede d'extraction du cadmium des ciments cadmiferes
RU2121008C1 (ru) * 1996-07-18 1998-10-27 Ивановская государственная химико-технологическая академия Способ извлечения цинка и кадмия из водных растворов электролитов

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH671780A5 (OSRAM) * 1987-09-28 1989-09-29 Recytec S A C O Orfigest S A

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1785139A (en) * 1928-05-18 1930-12-16 Grasselli Chemical Co Process of producing metallic cadmium from cadmium-containing material
US1827755A (en) * 1930-06-28 1931-10-20 Kirsebom Gustaf Newton Treatment of cadmium-bearing material
US1869259A (en) * 1927-07-29 1932-07-26 American Smelting Refining Process for extracting and separating cadmium
US2112191A (en) * 1936-03-21 1938-03-22 Cie Metaux Doverpelt Lommel Process for purifying metallic cadmium
US2178763A (en) * 1938-08-12 1939-11-07 Glidden Co Purification of cadmium
US2473962A (en) * 1944-12-01 1949-06-21 Eagle Picher Co Process for recovering cadmium
US2923618A (en) * 1958-09-08 1960-02-02 Fluor Corp Treatment of copper leach solutions
US3127264A (en) * 1964-03-31 Non-ferrous recovery process
US3464814A (en) * 1966-02-24 1969-09-02 Anaconda Co Leaching zinc plant purification residue
US3510414A (en) * 1967-12-04 1970-05-05 Bunker Hill Co Process of recovering metals from zinc plant residue

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3127264A (en) * 1964-03-31 Non-ferrous recovery process
US1869259A (en) * 1927-07-29 1932-07-26 American Smelting Refining Process for extracting and separating cadmium
US1785139A (en) * 1928-05-18 1930-12-16 Grasselli Chemical Co Process of producing metallic cadmium from cadmium-containing material
US1827755A (en) * 1930-06-28 1931-10-20 Kirsebom Gustaf Newton Treatment of cadmium-bearing material
US2112191A (en) * 1936-03-21 1938-03-22 Cie Metaux Doverpelt Lommel Process for purifying metallic cadmium
US2178763A (en) * 1938-08-12 1939-11-07 Glidden Co Purification of cadmium
US2473962A (en) * 1944-12-01 1949-06-21 Eagle Picher Co Process for recovering cadmium
US2923618A (en) * 1958-09-08 1960-02-02 Fluor Corp Treatment of copper leach solutions
US3464814A (en) * 1966-02-24 1969-09-02 Anaconda Co Leaching zinc plant purification residue
US3510414A (en) * 1967-12-04 1970-05-05 Bunker Hill Co Process of recovering metals from zinc plant residue

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Lund et al.; Journal of Metals; Sept. 1964; pages 724 730. *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2399480A1 (fr) * 1977-08-03 1979-03-02 Ammi Spa Procede d'extraction du cadmium des ciments cadmiferes
RU2121008C1 (ru) * 1996-07-18 1998-10-27 Ивановская государственная химико-технологическая академия Способ извлечения цинка и кадмия из водных растворов электролитов

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE761430A (fr) 1971-06-16
DE2101072B2 (de) 1973-08-16
SU764618A3 (ru) 1980-09-15
NL7100530A (OSRAM) 1971-07-16
FI46633C (fi) 1973-05-08
FI46633B (OSRAM) 1973-01-31
NO128371B (OSRAM) 1973-11-05
DE2101072A1 (de) 1971-07-22
NL154557B (nl) 1977-09-15
CA941619A (en) 1974-02-12
DE2101072C3 (de) 1974-03-07

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