Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
  • D02G1/18—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by combining fibres, filaments, or yarns, having different shrinkage characteristics
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
  • D01F8/08—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyacrylonitrile as constituent
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
  • D02G3/441—Yarns or threads with antistatic, conductive or radiation-shielding properties
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S260/00—Chemistry of carbon compounds
  • Y10S260/15—Antistatic agents not otherwise provided for
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S260/00—Chemistry of carbon compounds
  • Y10S260/15—Antistatic agents not otherwise provided for
  • Y10S260/17—High polymeric, resinous, antistatic agents
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S260/00—Chemistry of carbon compounds
  • Y10S260/21—Polymer chemically or physically modified to impart antistatic properties and methods of antistatic agent addition
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S57/00—Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
  • Y10S57/901—Antistatic
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S57/00—Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
  • Y10S57/905—Bicomponent material
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
  • Y10T428/2931—Fibers or filaments nonconcentric [e.g., side-by-side or eccentric, etc.]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
  • Y10T442/3146—Strand material is composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
  • Y10T442/444—Strand is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material

Definitions

• synthetic fibers made from hydrophobic fibers are charged with static electricity when such fibers are processed into various products.
• the electrical charges on the clothing made from such fibers cause the fabric to stick to the wearer, accumulate dust and, in extreme cases, cause electrical shock.
• the present inventors have reached the present invention by noting that the properties of the surface of bulky knitted or woven fabrics acts as a controlling factor on the charging phenomenon by the friction at the time of wearing said fabrics.
• knitted or woven fabrics or particularly bulky knitted or woven fabrics made of such antistatic synthetic fibers are deteriorated in their elastic recovery, presenting a coarse and hard touch and, in some cases, deteriorated in such physical properties as the strength and elongation.
• the antistatic properties of the prior art fabrics may be favorable, the fabrics are poor in physical properties such as hand, are not stiff, or are very coarse and hard. This makes them very low in their commodity value.
• a main object of the present invention is to obtain bulky knitted or woven fabrics having practically sufficient antistatic properties.
• An object of the present invention is to obtain bulky knitted or woven fabrics which have sufficient antistatic properties are remarkably improved in such physical properties as their hand, stiffness and softness than any conventional knitted or woven products and arc therefore high in commodity value. This is achieved by using blended yarns made by blending side-by-side type conjugated fibers, in which antistatic properties are imparted only to the low shrinkable component side, the
• nonshrinkable fibers or a part of them, with shrinkable fibers are nonshrinkable fibers or a part of them, with shrinkable fibers.
• the above mentioned objects of the present invention are attained by knitting or weaving fabrics by using blended yarns which consist of 25 to 85 percent by weight of nonshrinkable fibers and 75 to 15 percent by weight of shrinkable fibers whose difference in shrinkage from said nonshrinkable fibers is 7 to 40 percent and in which antistatic side-by-side type conjugated fibers, whose antistatic property is imparted only to the low shrinkable component side, and which constitutes all of the above mentioned nonshrinkable fibers or one component thereof.
• the antistatic fibers constitute 20 to percent on the weight of all thefibers.
• What is particularly important in the present invention is the kind and the blending ratio of the conjugated antistatic fibers having to be blended into the blended yarns. That is to say, by using side-by-side type conjugated fibers in which antistatic properties are imparted only to the low shrinkable component side and which are used as a part or all of the nonshrinkable fibers and by blending the said conjugated fibers an amount of from 20 to 60 percent by weight of the blended yarns, there is obtained bulky knitted or woven fabrics having practically sufficient antistatic properties and excellent physical properties such as hand, stiffness and softness.
• the blending ratio of the shrinkable fibers and nonshrinkable fibers forming the yarns composing the antistatic bulky knitted or woven fabrics in the present invention so as to be in the range of 15 to 75 85 to 25 or preferably 25 to 60 75 to 40 by weight. It is also desirable to determine the difference in the shrinkage between the shrinkable fibers and nonshrinkable fibers so that this difference is in the range of 7 to 40% or preferably 10 to 30 percent.
• the shrinkable fibers and nonshrinkable fibers to be used in the present invention are hydrophobic synthetic fibers prepared from vinyl polymers, for example, acrylic fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyvinyl chloride fibers, and the like, and fibers prepared from polymers of polyesters, polyacetals, polyurethanes and polyamides.
• side-by-side type conjugated fibers in which antistatic properties are imparted only to the low shrinkable component used in the present invention are obtained by various well known methods.
• side-by'side (bimetal) type conjugated fibers can be produced by fitting together two kinds of fiber forming components different from each other in their water-reversible shrinkability and/or thermal shrinkability.
• the conjugated fibers to be used in the present invention are those prepared by modifying the fiber forming component so that it is lower than the other in waterreversible shrinkability and/or thermal shrinkability, that is, by modifying the low shrinkable component with a well known antistatic monomer or antistatic agent.
• the modification may be conducted, for example, in any of the following ways:
• An antistatic monomer is random, block or graftcopolymerized into a polymer forming a lowshrinkable component.
• antistatic monomers are ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, etc. and their salts such as potassium salt and sodium salt; ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acids such as vinylsulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, methallylsulfonic acid, etc. and their salts such as a sodium salt and potassium salt; compounds of the following general formula:
• R represents H or CH R represents OH, alkoxy having not more than 18 carbon atoms, phenoxy or naphthoxy group, I is a positive integer and m is 0 or a positive integer.
• a homopolymer or random-, blockor graftcopolymer of the above mentioned antistatic monomer or a mixture of these polymers is mixed into the polymer forming the low shrinkable component.
• the antistatic agent to be used internally is added into the polymer forming the low shrinkable component.
• antistatic agents are salts of alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkanol amines with an organic or inorganic acid; addition productsof alkyl.
• the amount of such antistatic agent is generally 05-20 percent, preferably 1-15 percent by weight.
• the ratio of the antistatic component contained in the low shrinkable component in such method differs depending on the antistatic component used or the kind of fiber-forming polymer. It is difficult to directly define such ratio, since it is to be determined by the antistatic properties of the composite fibers thus-obtained and on the desired physical properties of the bulky knitted or woven fabrics made from such fibers, such as the hand, stiffness and softness. However, generally it is preferable to select the blending ratio and the kind of the side-by-side type conjugated fibers to be used so that the frictional charge voltage of the bulky knitted or woven fabrics according to the present invention may be not more than 5000 volts. For the side-by-side typeconjugated fibers to be used in this case, it is desirable to adopt such conjugated fibers that the frictional voltage of the knitted or woven fabrics made of only said conjugated fibers is not more than 2000 volts. 1n
• the frictional charge voltage means a maximum frictional charge voltage during 5 .minutes after inducing friction by use of a static machine on a polyester fabric (of polyethylene terephthalate fibers) yarns and it is possible to use side-by-side type conjugated fibers in which antistatic properties are imparted only to the low shrinkable component side and also any other antistatic fibersas the nonshrinkable fibers.
• a solution prepared by adding to the spinning solution (a) glyceryl monostearate inan amount of 5%, based on the weight of the polymer in the spinning solution, as an antistatic agent.
• a polymer solution consisting of 12 parts of an made by knitting or weaving blended yarns in which a acrylonitrile-vinyl acetate copolymer (containing specific amount of side-by-side type conjugated fibers 88 percent acrylonitrile) and 88 parts of an aquehaving an antistatic property only on the low shrinkable OUS Solution of 5 P c Sod um hiocyanate.
• nonshrinkable fip n g Solution d bers or a part of them or as a part of shrinkable fibers A Solution prepared by adding to the spinning solutogether with non-shrinkable fibers is heated to de- 15 tion (0) glyceryl monostearate in an amount of 5 velop shrinks, the above mentioned antistatic conjugated fibers will be exposed on. the surface of said knitted or woven fabric. Therefore, the'antistatic properties on the surface of the knitted or woven fabric will be remarkably improved, and the product will possess very excellent antistatic properties which are remarkably improved in such physical properties as hand, stiffness and softness and also be very high in commodity value.
• a polymer solution consisting of 12 parts of an acrylonitrile-methyl acrylate copolymer (conpercent based on the weight of the polymer in the spinning solution, as an antistatic agent.
• shrinkable fibers were made by further stretching fibers 25 E mentioned in Table 1 with a turbo-stapler (to be of a boiling water shrinkage of 25 percent).
• the laundering conditions were an amount of a neutral detergent of 2g./l., liquor ratio of 1/200, temperature of 40C. and treating time of 20 minutes by using a commercial washing machine.
• the knitting (V) in which antistatic properties was imparted not only to the low shrinkable component side but also to the high shrinkable component side contained the antistatic agent in an amount substantially twice as large as 30 in the knitting (IV) according to the present invention but was not remarkably different in antistatic properties. Further, due to the deterioration of the elastic recovery of the fiber F, the knitting (V) was not stiff in hand and was low in the commodity value. It also became apparent that the knitting (VI) made by using the fibers G in which the content of the antistatic agent in the conjugated fiber was made substantially the same as in the fiber B was remarkably inferior in hand and to prepare the product, said antistatic agent being used in an amount of 5 percent based on the weight of the polymer in the spinning solution.
• the knitting (VIII) made by using the conjugated fibers in which an antistatic agent was present in both components presented an appearance which was thin and poor in its voluminous feeling
• the knitting (Vll) made by using the conjugated fibers in which an antistatic agent was added only on the low shrinkable component side according to the present invention was high in voluminous feeling (thick feeling) and had a high commodity value.
• a blend of substantially all acrylic synthetic fibers having improved antistatic properties and improved physical properties consisting essentially of 25 to 85 percent by weight of nonshrinkable fibers and 75 to percent by weight of shrinkable fibers having a difference in shrinkage of 7 to 40 percent from said nonshrinkable fibers, and containing 20 to 60 percent of antistatic fibers based on the weight of all the fibers in the blend which antistatic fibers constitute all or a part of the nonshrinkable fibers, said antistatic fibers being side-by-side type conjugated fibers in which antistatic properties are imparted only to the low shrinkage com ponent side.
• said antistatic agent comprises monoglycerides of higher fatty acids or their ethylene-oxide adducts.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Undergarments, Swaddling Clothes, Handkerchiefs Or Underwear Materials (AREA)
• Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (17)

Citations (7)

• 1971
  • 1971-10-18 JP JP8233071A patent/JPS5319071B2/ja not_active Expired
• 1972
  • 1972-10-13 US US00297283A patent/US3849242A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1972-10-17 CA CA154,507A patent/CA958200A/en not_active Expired

Patent Citations (7)

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