US3848163A - Timing relay - Google Patents

Timing relay Download PDF

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Publication number
US3848163A
US3848163A US00088941A US8894170A US3848163A US 3848163 A US3848163 A US 3848163A US 00088941 A US00088941 A US 00088941A US 8894170 A US8894170 A US 8894170A US 3848163 A US3848163 A US 3848163A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
relay
motor
timing
speed
potentiometer
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00088941A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Schleicher
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19691957911 external-priority patent/DE1957911C3/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3848163A publication Critical patent/US3848163A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F3/00—Apparatus which can be set and started to measure-off predetermined or adjustably-fixed time intervals with driving mechanisms, e.g. dosimeters with clockwork
    • G04F3/06—Apparatus which can be set and started to measure-off predetermined or adjustably-fixed time intervals with driving mechanisms, e.g. dosimeters with clockwork with electric driving mechanisms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S388/00—Electricity: motor control systems
    • Y10S388/907—Specific control circuit element or device
    • Y10S388/921—Timer or time delay means

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A timing relay is driven by an electronically-controlled variable-speed DC. motor so that the speed is adjusted to correspond to the time interval selected; the timing indicator gives a full-scale deflection for all time intervals and the increment of timing error is constant irrespective of the time interval used.
  • Timing relays are normally actuated by means of a coil equipped with a displaceable yoke.
  • the displaceable yoke is held away from the iron core in the non-energised state by spring force, and is attracted to the iron core when the relay is energised and thereby moves a release level fast with the yoke, which is pivotable through a small angle, said release lever in turn releasing a locking pawl, a pinion being engageable in a time sequence wheel against a spring force by means of the locking pawl.
  • the motor of the relay which produces the time sequence and which drives the pinion engageable in the time sequence wheel through gearing, is energised at the same time as the coil.
  • the timing sequence of the relay thus begins immediately with the action engaging the pinion in the time sequence wheel, the latter being so arranged that it may optionally actuate one or more switching contactors.
  • the time sequence wheel carries a pin and simultaneously with its rotary displacement, tensions a a return spring one end of which is secured to the time sequence wheel.
  • the time sequence wheel is connected by a spindle to a pointer accessibly arranged on the front plate or dial of the relay, which runs against a preset timing mark, during the sequence.
  • the pin secured on the time sequence wheel describes an angle of rotation of corresponding magnitude and after traversal of this angle releases a locking pawl which in turn, directly or indirectly actuates the contacts set for operation after a preselected delay. After this, the time sequence wheel is snapped back to its idle position by the action of the return spring.
  • timing relays are operated by synchronous motors which being energisable solely by means of alternating current run at an invariable speed of revolution.
  • This error due to slip leads to an inaccuracy of the setting of the entire time sequence and occurs again with each fresh switching action; it is always of the same magnitude, irrespective of the time set.
  • timing relays accordingly specify a margin of error for the adjustable time intervals, this margin depending on the different manufactures amounting to 0.5 percent as a mean, measured over a full scale deflection.
  • a timing error specified as 0.5 percent for the full scale thus amounts to 5 percent for a preset period of one-tenth of the full scale deflection for example, even amounting to percent for one-twentieth of the total scale value, etc.
  • the timing error does not intervene linearly in the setting but exponentially, the timing inaccuracies playing a coarsely significant part in the case of short time settings.
  • the present invention aims at providing a timing relay wherein a minimum timing error remains constant irrespective of the time interval to be established. i.e., which as a function of time no longer intervenes exponentially as in the conventional timing rclays, but linearly.
  • the solution of the problem is broadly based on the fact that the motor which determines the timing sequence and actuates one or more switching contacts by means of a time sequence wheel equipped with a return spring, corresponding locking pawls and release levers, is a known type of direct current motor the speed of revolution of which can be varied by means of a potentiometer acting through an electronic circuit.
  • the speed of revolution of the direct current motor is adjustable by means of the adjusting knob of the potentiometer and a scale cooperating therewith and calibrated accordingly in time intervals, in such manner that the pointer indicating the preselected time sequence traverses the entire scale range in each case.
  • direct current motor employing electronically controlled speed control to be provided with a rectifier, so that the timing relay can be operated either from direct or alternating current.
  • variable gearing which may be coupled in series, depending on the time scale subdivision required.
  • the solution provided by the relay of the present invention accordingly no longer consists in that the timing period is produced by means of a pointer coupled to the time sequence wheel as hitherto, but in contra distinction to the operation of known timing relays, by appropriate preselection of the speed of revolution of the motor operating the timing relay.
  • an essential advantage of the direct current motor incorporated in the timing relay of the present invention and employing electronically operated speed control resides in that it operates without a commutator and thus without maintenance.
  • the dc. motor employing electronically operated speed control is hardly liable to fail and has the additional advantage that it may be operated at will with alternating as well as direct current by employing an appropriate rectifier;
  • the appropriate preslection of the speed of revolution of the motor employed according to the invention renders it possible to obtain a full scale deflection of the pointer for any optional time setting, i.e., to allow the time sequence wheel of the timing relay to run through the full deflection in the coupled state, irrespective of the time interval preselected.
  • the coupling error induced by the coupling action thus remains constant for any optional choice of period, and especially for the shortest periods i.e. the error intervenes linearly as a function of time.
  • the relay according to the invention has a potentiometer 5 which can be adjusted by means of a spindle 4 and an adjusting knob 2 which is fast on this spindle.
  • the pointer 3 of the adjusting knob 2 runs over a scale 1 which is calibrated according to the preselectible time sequence.
  • a corresponding difference in potential is thus applied to the dc. motor 7 employing electronically operated speed control, by preselection on the potentiometer.
  • the output pinion of the dc. motor 7 drives a variable gear system 8 the output-side pinion 12 of which may in turn be coupled or brought into engagement with the time sequence wheel by means of a locking pawl 15 and another release lever 16.
  • the time elapsed is indicated by a pointer 14 which is arranged on an indicator scale 13 on the front plate of the relay.
  • the time sequence wheel is connected to a return spring 11 which, after the switching operation has been performed and after its disengagement from the pinion of the variable gear system 8, ensures a rapid return to the idle position.
  • the transmission is equipped with a step switching system in known manner so that different periods can be set by means of an adjusting or setting knob 9. In the embodiment described, the periods amount to 6 secs., 60 secs, 6 mins., 6 hrs. Within each time range, and as described above, an optional intermediate value may be set continually through the adjusting knob 2 and the potentiometer 5, and thus exclusively by appropriate preselection of a corresponding speed of revolution of the electronic d.c. motor.
  • the dc. motor with electronically operated speed control employed according to the invention for the timing relay described has no commutator, and has a stationary commutation system comprising semiconductors with control as a function of angular displacement for two Hall generators situated in the working airgap and displaced through 90 relative to each other.
  • a typical example of such a motor has four windings which are situated in the airgap of the motor and which are electrically interconnected at one point.
  • armature windings two are arranged coaxially relative to each other in each case.
  • the interconnected ends of the armature windings lead to transistors which can be driven in pairs as a function of angle of rotation by one of the Hall generators in each case, each Hall generator controlling 'two transistors operating in push-pull.
  • the control depends on the position of the rotor, in such manner that the transistors are placed in the open or closed state according to the direction of the rotor flux, two windings thereby being energised with current at any time.
  • the current flowing through the armature windings likewise suffers a phase displacement by virtue of the given spatial arrangement of the Hall generators which are mutually displaced through 90.
  • the two circulation vectors result in fluxes the geometrical addition of which produces a circular field of rotation which, together with the rotor fiux, generates a torque.
  • the d e. motor employing electronically operate d speed control and employed according to the invention in a timing relay may be so arranged on the one hand for the timing sequence of the relay that it begins to run upon energisation of the switching magnet, or with appropriate switching means, it may be employed as a continuously running motor which transmits its drive through the output pinion of the variable gear system 8 by coupling to the time sequence wheel 10, only during the preselected period.
  • a part of the EMF is compared with the constant base-emitter threshold potential of a reference transistor.
  • the required speed of revolution is obtained by appropriate adjustment by means of the potentiometer 5.
  • the voltage is proportional to the control voltage of the Hall generators and thus at the same time to the base and collector current of the power transistors which are arranged in the winding circuit.
  • the aforesaid selection in steps of different periods by means of the setting knob 9 may be enlarged if one or more gear systems allowing of further spread of the periods is or are co-ordinated with the multigear 8 connected to the output side of the dc. motor.
  • timing relay designed for minimizing error in the operation of said relay comprising, a timing relay, a direct current motor coupled to said relay to provide for its actuation, a potentiometer electrically connected to said motor to control its speed of revolution,
  • said relay incorporating time setting means to provide for adjustment in a timed opeation, and adjusting means connecting to said potentiometer and which is capable of being set to regulate the speed of said motor in relation to the timing period set for operation of said relay.
  • both said setting means and adjusting means are calibrated for faciitating their cooperative settings, whereby upon the predetermined related setting of each means, a longer delay in the actuation of said relay provides for a slower speed of revolution of said direct current motor.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)
  • Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
US00088941A 1969-11-12 1970-11-12 Timing relay Expired - Lifetime US3848163A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691957911 DE1957911C3 (de) 1969-11-12 Mittels eines Elektromotors angetriebenes Zeitrelais

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3848163A true US3848163A (en) 1974-11-12

Family

ID=5751442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00088941A Expired - Lifetime US3848163A (en) 1969-11-12 1970-11-12 Timing relay

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3848163A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5247152B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT301673B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA930180A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (2) CH532813A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2069164A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1274566A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
PL (1) PL71925B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SU (1) SU436517A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2120787A (en) * 1936-12-01 1938-06-14 Ibm Time delay device

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2120787A (en) * 1936-12-01 1938-06-14 Ibm Time delay device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5247152B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-11-30
PL71925B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-06-29
DE1957911A1 (de) 1971-05-27
DE1957911B2 (de) 1974-05-16
AT301673B (de) 1972-09-11
CH1576470A4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-29
FR2069164A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-09-03
GB1274566A (en) 1972-05-17
SU436517A3 (ru) 1974-07-15
CH532813A (de) 1972-09-29
CA930180A (en) 1973-07-17

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