US3847725A - Dry transfer materials - Google Patents

Dry transfer materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3847725A
US3847725A US00880541A US88054169A US3847725A US 3847725 A US3847725 A US 3847725A US 00880541 A US00880541 A US 00880541A US 88054169 A US88054169 A US 88054169A US 3847725 A US3847725 A US 3847725A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
indicia
film
polymeric
accordance
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00880541A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Hochner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Avery Products Corp
Original Assignee
Avery Products Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE759486D priority Critical patent/BE759486A/xx
Application filed by Avery Products Corp filed Critical Avery Products Corp
Priority to US00880541A priority patent/US3847725A/en
Priority to GB5161870A priority patent/GB1325747A/en
Priority to CA097319A priority patent/CA934614A/en
Priority to JP45099877A priority patent/JPS499043B1/ja
Priority to FR7041548A priority patent/FR2069684A5/fr
Priority to DE2057859A priority patent/DE2057859C2/de
Priority to NL7017414A priority patent/NL7017414A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3847725A publication Critical patent/US3847725A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
    • B44C1/17—Dry transfer
    • B44C1/1733—Decalcomanias applied under pressure only, e.g. provided with a pressure sensitive adhesive
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
    • Y10T428/2848—Three or more layers

Definitions

  • a dry transfer material which includes a carrier sheet [58] Fieid 167, having a solvent-inert, substantially non-extensible, ⁇ 17/3 3 highly cross-linked polymeric surface. lndicia, such as letters or symbols, which form a film are printed on [56] References Cited the surface and a dry elastomeric pressure sensitive UNITED STATES PATENTS adhesive extends over the indicia.
  • Dry transfer materials are widely used in the creation of designs, advertising media, and other art work which is produced by transferring to a receiving sheet individual indicium carried on a single transfer sheet to provide a desired combination of letters or symbols on the receiving sheet.
  • dry transfer materials has been generally applied to those materials in which the indicia are adhered to the receiving sheet by a pressure sensitive adhesive that becomes adherent only upon applicationof substantial pressure.
  • the transparent carrier sheet may be readily slid over the receiving surface to align a specific indicium in a desired position, whereupon transfer is effected by rubbing or burnishing the reverse side'of the carrier sheet in the vicinity of the indicium to be transferred.
  • Dry transfer materials of the kind described above are well known, and consist of a carriersheet, ink indicia in the form of symbols, letters, or designs printed on the carrier sheet, and a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive overlying the indicia and the unprinted portion of the carrier sheet.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive overlaps the indicia onto the carrier sheet and typically shears along the outline of theindicium to be transferred without accompanying transfer of the overlapping adhesive. Since, however, the transferring pressure is produced by rubbing or burnishing, stretching of many of the carriersheets heretofore used can occur as a result of the transferring operation. This produces undesirable consequences.
  • the dry transfer material of the present invention comprises a carrier sheet including a solvent-inert, substantially non-extensible, highly cross-linked polymeric film of high tensile strength.
  • the polymeric surface is obtained by applying a coating to a carrier film which does not necessarily have the required surface characteristics.
  • a dry transfer material functions to provide distortion-free transfer of indicia will be more readily understood following a description of the desirable characteristics of the separate elements.
  • polymeric Coating It is required that the surface to which the indicia and adhesive are applied be substantially non-extensible and insoluble in the solvents typically used in printing media and in adhesives. These characteristics are found in highly cross-linked or branched polymeric materials.
  • Thermosetting polymers such as polyvinylbutralmelamine, ureaformaldehyde, polyvinylformal-phenol, melamineepoxy, and thermosetting acrylics, are particularly useful. These may be used to provide the required surface by printing, spraying, dipping, or .coating a carrier film with the selectedjpolymeric material.
  • the polymeric coating must be substantially non-extensible.
  • materials which have very low ultimate elongations are'0.5 to 1.0 and 0.6 percent, respectively,-(-measured by ASTM D 638).
  • the ultimate elongations of some materials used as prior art carrier sheets are 10 to percent for polystyrene, to percent for polyesters, and 225 to '500;percent'for medium density polyethylene (measured by ASTM D 882).
  • the preferred polymeric coatings verge, therefore, on being brittle, that is, they tend to break or snap before any significant stretching or elongation occurs.
  • These compounds included mineral spirits, hexane, cyclohexane, solvent naphtha, toluene, trichloroethylene, carbon disulfide, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, nitrobenzene, pxylene, ethylene dichloride, o-dichlorbenzene, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, ethylene-glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, tetrahydrofuran, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, methyl iso-butyl ketone, 1,4 dioxane, morpholine, methanol, ethanol,isopropanoLN-butyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, and diethylene .glycol ,monobutyl ether.
  • the incidia must be viewed from the-reverse side of the carrier sheet to position individual indicium for transfer to a receiving sheet, the'polymeric coating must-be transparent.
  • Thepolymeric coatings discussed above have high clarityand can be provided with either a smooth or mattesurface as desired.
  • Theprintingzinks-must include ingredients which exhibit high tensile strength when cast as a film -to form indicia on-'the polymeric surface.
  • ingredients which exhibit high tensile strength when cast as a film -to form indicia on-'the polymeric surface.
  • the ink'base is a vinylchloride-vinyl acetate copolymer which forms a tough film.
  • the polymer is preferably dissolved in a fairly high surfacetension solvent system,
  • the indicia are lightly adhered to the surface of the polymeric coating in the manner suggested by the adsorption theory of adhesion. For example, removal of a one-half inch strip of indicia formed from an ink as described above requires a force of the order of five grams, as tested in accordance with the standard 90 peel test.
  • Adhesive The adhesive must be one which does not adhere to a receiving surface at light pressure but will adhere upon application of significant pressure, e.g., 50 pounds per square inch. Additionally, however, it is required that the adherence of the adhesive to the polymeric coating be significantly greater than the adherence of the indicia to the coating.
  • an adhesive base polymer which is a rubbery elastomer is selected and is dissolved in a fairly low surface tension solvent system. Such a combination is found, for example, by dissolving cis-polyisoprene in an aliphatic solvent. The solution can be made into a poor film-former by controlled addition of fillers or thermosetting resins or the like.
  • the adhesive solution is not a film-former and the solvent system tends to wet the polymeric coating
  • the stress concentration in the adhesive layer close to the interface between the layer and the polymeric surface of the coating is far less than that found in the ink film.
  • the adherence of the adhesive to the coating is substantially greater than that of the ink film.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention includes a polymeric coating, preferably urea-formaldehyde or melamine-formaldehyde, coated upon a carrier film.
  • a carrier film does not directly affect the mechanism of transfer, it should have good transparency and dimensional stability, and not be susceptible to solvent attack. The latter is desired to avoid either mechanical or chemical interaction between the polymeric coating and the carrier film.
  • polyester films may be used.
  • polyester films which require 15,000 to 23,000 p.s.i. to produce an elongation of 5 percent.
  • Other acceptable carrier films include transparent papers, such as glassine or parchment grades.
  • the polymeric coating is then printed with a printing ink having the surface tension and film-forming characteristics previously described.
  • Inks based upon vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resins or acrylic resins produce films of high tensile strength, e.g., 1,200 to 2,000 p.s.i., which readily peel from the coating.
  • a coating of pressure sensitive adhesive having the characteristics already described is then applied over the indicia and the unprinted portion of the polymeric coating.
  • the indicium is then applied in the vicinity of the indicium to be transferred to adhere the indicium to the receiving surface. Since the indicium is relatively lightly adhered to the polymeric coating as compared to the adherence of the adhesive to the coating, the indicium may be readily pulled from the polymeric coating by the adherence of the adhesive to the receiving surface.
  • the adhesive overlaps the indicium, it shears along the outline of the indicium so that little or no halo of adhesive is transferred.
  • the process as described above can then be repeated to transfer another letter or symbol in alignment with the first transferred letter or symbol. Because the polymeric coating is nonextensible, the transferred indicium is not distorted by stretching nor does any permanent elongation of the coating occur.
  • Dry transfer materials were made utilizing combinations of the above described coatings, adhesives, and inks. Indicia were transferred by placing the dry transfer sheet in contact with a suitable receiving sheet between the platens of a hydraulic press and applying a pressure in excess of 50 p.s.i. Examination of the polymeric coating surface after transfer of indicia showed no visual change. Examination of the surface by multiple internal reflectance spectroscopy showed no chemical change in the surface.
  • Dry transfer materials made in accordance with the present invention provide a product of highly improved appearance and durability. Convenient transfer of indicia can be achieved under a variety of conditions without adverse effects upon the indicia as transferred or the sheet from which the transfer is made.
  • a dry transfer material comprising a carrier sheet including a solvent-inert, substantially non-extensible, highly cross-linked polymeric surface, indicia forming a film printed on said surface, and a dry elastomeric pressure sensitive adhesive extending over the indicia and the polymeric surface.
  • a dry transfer material comprising a carrier sheet, a solvent-inert, substantially non-extensible, highly crosslinked polymeric coating on one surface of the carrier sheet, indicia forming a film printed on said coating, and a dry elastomeric pressure sensitive adhesive extending over the indicia and the coating.

Landscapes

  • Decoration By Transfer Pictures (AREA)
  • Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
US00880541A 1969-11-28 1969-11-28 Dry transfer materials Expired - Lifetime US3847725A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE759486D BE759486A (fr) 1969-11-28 Decalcomanies a sec
US00880541A US3847725A (en) 1969-11-28 1969-11-28 Dry transfer materials
GB5161870A GB1325747A (en) 1969-11-28 1970-10-30 Dry transfers
CA097319A CA934614A (en) 1969-11-28 1970-11-04 Dry transfer materials
JP45099877A JPS499043B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-11-28 1970-11-14
FR7041548A FR2069684A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-11-28 1970-11-19
DE2057859A DE2057859C2 (de) 1969-11-28 1970-11-25 Trockenübertragungsmaterial
NL7017414A NL7017414A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-11-28 1970-11-27

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00880541A US3847725A (en) 1969-11-28 1969-11-28 Dry transfer materials

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3847725A true US3847725A (en) 1974-11-12

Family

ID=25376515

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00880541A Expired - Lifetime US3847725A (en) 1969-11-28 1969-11-28 Dry transfer materials

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3847725A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS499043B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE759486A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA934614A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2057859C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2069684A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1325747A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7017414A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4414275A (en) * 1981-07-13 1983-11-08 Loctite (Ireland) Limited UV Curable adhesive tape
EP0241213A1 (en) * 1986-04-01 1987-10-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Dry transfer graphic articles and method of preparation and use thereof
US5308684A (en) * 1988-11-11 1994-05-03 Nitto Denko Corporation Burning pattern sheet
EP0621142A3 (en) * 1993-04-20 1995-02-15 Decora Inc Device for dry transfer of patterns using pressure-sensitive adhesives and method for its manufacture.
US5441785A (en) * 1991-01-02 1995-08-15 Liebe, Jr.; Robert J. Composite alignment-maintaining plastic lettering material
DE29602430U1 (de) * 1996-02-12 1997-07-03 Steinbeis PPL GmbH, 83098 Brannenburg Transferetikett
US5700552A (en) * 1995-04-07 1997-12-23 Fujicopian Co., Ltd. Pressure-sensitive correction tape
US6235364B1 (en) 1997-11-13 2001-05-22 Fujicopian Co., Ltd. Pressure-sensitive correction tape
US6322876B1 (en) * 1997-08-28 2001-11-27 Trip Industries Holding B.V. Transfer having solvent-activated adhesive layers
US6344260B1 (en) * 1997-10-16 2002-02-05 Trip Industries Holding B.V. Pattern printing of adhesives
US6500509B1 (en) 1998-11-19 2002-12-31 Fujicopian Co., Ltd. Pressure sensitive transfer tape
US7074477B2 (en) 1996-02-12 2006-07-11 Zweckform Etikettiertechnik Gmbh Transfer label
US20090261572A1 (en) * 2003-11-07 2009-10-22 Sicpa Holding S.A. Security Document and Method of Making Same
US20200126692A1 (en) * 2017-09-28 2020-04-23 Sterlite Technologies Limited I-shaped filler

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2212787A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-01-03 1974-07-26 Martin Francois
FR2434710A1 (fr) * 1978-09-04 1980-03-28 Rosenfeld Jerome Materiau et procede de transfert a sec de signes sur une surface receptrice

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3065120A (en) * 1960-08-29 1962-11-20 Mask Off Company Inc Dry transfer decals
US3276933A (en) * 1962-09-17 1966-10-04 Radiant Color Company Transfer sheet and method
US3298850A (en) * 1962-03-21 1967-01-17 Letraset International Ltd Dry transfer materials
US3411978A (en) * 1964-12-31 1968-11-19 Avery Products Corp Pressure sensitive adhesive marker
US3454458A (en) * 1966-05-20 1969-07-08 Ernst Borregard Dry transfer sheet for transferring images having varied surface characteristics

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3065120A (en) * 1960-08-29 1962-11-20 Mask Off Company Inc Dry transfer decals
US3298850A (en) * 1962-03-21 1967-01-17 Letraset International Ltd Dry transfer materials
US3276933A (en) * 1962-09-17 1966-10-04 Radiant Color Company Transfer sheet and method
US3411978A (en) * 1964-12-31 1968-11-19 Avery Products Corp Pressure sensitive adhesive marker
US3454458A (en) * 1966-05-20 1969-07-08 Ernst Borregard Dry transfer sheet for transferring images having varied surface characteristics

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4414275A (en) * 1981-07-13 1983-11-08 Loctite (Ireland) Limited UV Curable adhesive tape
EP0241213A1 (en) * 1986-04-01 1987-10-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Dry transfer graphic articles and method of preparation and use thereof
US4919994A (en) * 1986-04-01 1990-04-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Dry transfer graphics article and methods of preparation and use thereof
US4999076A (en) * 1986-04-01 1991-03-12 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Dry transfer graphics article method of preparation
US5308684A (en) * 1988-11-11 1994-05-03 Nitto Denko Corporation Burning pattern sheet
US5441785A (en) * 1991-01-02 1995-08-15 Liebe, Jr.; Robert J. Composite alignment-maintaining plastic lettering material
EP0621142A3 (en) * 1993-04-20 1995-02-15 Decora Inc Device for dry transfer of patterns using pressure-sensitive adhesives and method for its manufacture.
US5700552A (en) * 1995-04-07 1997-12-23 Fujicopian Co., Ltd. Pressure-sensitive correction tape
DE29602430U1 (de) * 1996-02-12 1997-07-03 Steinbeis PPL GmbH, 83098 Brannenburg Transferetikett
US7074477B2 (en) 1996-02-12 2006-07-11 Zweckform Etikettiertechnik Gmbh Transfer label
US6322876B1 (en) * 1997-08-28 2001-11-27 Trip Industries Holding B.V. Transfer having solvent-activated adhesive layers
EP0899130A3 (en) * 1997-08-28 2002-09-18 Trip Industries Holding B.V. Decalcamania with solvent-activated adhesive layers
US6344260B1 (en) * 1997-10-16 2002-02-05 Trip Industries Holding B.V. Pattern printing of adhesives
EP0909662A3 (en) * 1997-10-16 2002-09-18 Trip Industries Holding B.V. Pattern printing of adhesives
US6235364B1 (en) 1997-11-13 2001-05-22 Fujicopian Co., Ltd. Pressure-sensitive correction tape
US6500509B1 (en) 1998-11-19 2002-12-31 Fujicopian Co., Ltd. Pressure sensitive transfer tape
US20090261572A1 (en) * 2003-11-07 2009-10-22 Sicpa Holding S.A. Security Document and Method of Making Same
US20200126692A1 (en) * 2017-09-28 2020-04-23 Sterlite Technologies Limited I-shaped filler
US10950368B2 (en) * 2017-09-28 2021-03-16 Sterlite Technologies Limited I-shaped filler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2057859A1 (de) 1971-06-16
BE759486A (fr) 1971-04-30
FR2069684A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-09-03
NL7017414A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-06-02
JPS499043B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-03-01
CA934614A (en) 1973-10-02
DE2057859C2 (de) 1983-01-27
GB1325747A (en) 1973-08-08

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