US3847534A - Combustion apparatus - Google Patents

Combustion apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3847534A
US3847534A US00291350A US29135072A US3847534A US 3847534 A US3847534 A US 3847534A US 00291350 A US00291350 A US 00291350A US 29135072 A US29135072 A US 29135072A US 3847534 A US3847534 A US 3847534A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
combustion
flame
flame holes
plate
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00291350A
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English (en)
Inventor
T Nomaguchi
M Sakai
T Ito
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP8230771A external-priority patent/JPS4847632A/ja
Priority claimed from JP9567571A external-priority patent/JPS5232097B2/ja
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3847534A publication Critical patent/US3847534A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2700/00—Special arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluent fuel
    • F23C2700/02—Combustion apparatus using liquid fuel
    • F23C2700/026—Combustion apparatus using liquid fuel with pre-vaporising means

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT 30 Foreign Application P i it Data Combustion apparatus having a combustion plate sep- Oct. 18 1971 Japan 46-82307 rating the mixing Chamber from the Combustion Nov 971 Japan 46 95675 chamber, and a plurality of flow obstacles disposed above some of the flame holes of the combustion plate 521 US. Cl 431/329 431/347 431/353 whereby a mixture of vaporized fuel and combustim 431/208 431/216 431/243 air passed through the combustion plate is ignited, the 51 1111. C1.
  • the present invention relates generally to combustion apparatus and more particularly to an improved combustion apparatus for burning a mixture of vaporized fuel and combustion air.
  • a conventional burner such as, for example, a Bunsen burner, wherein the primary air and the secondary air are separately used as sources of combustion air, is of complicated structure. Similarly, the red flame type burner causes a great deal of soot. Accordingly, in order to simplify the structure and prevent the formation ofsoot, various burners were considered which utilized, as combustion air, the primary air and an excess of primary air which was more than the theoretically useable combustion air. Consequently, such conventional burners has the disadvantage in that they decreased the stability for flame blow-out or back fire, while large conventional burners had the added disadvantage of combustion noise.
  • the range of stable combustion is quite narrow, so that a fluctuation in shape of the flame could be easily caused, thus resulting in the creation of a back fire, a low frequency sound, or a flame blow out phenomenon which was the result of, a change in the output resistance of an apparatus connected to the combustion apparatus, such as, for example, a heatexchanger, or a change in the excess air coefficient of the combustion air depending upon the temperature of the environment.
  • an apparatus connected to the combustion apparatus such as, for example, a heatexchanger, or a change in the excess air coefficient of the combustion air depending upon the temperature of the environment.
  • the shape of the flame has been a lamina flow flame 18a, as shown in FIG. 2. Accordingly, it has been hard to obtain a complete stable combustion because of changes in the air density caused by a change in the environmental temperature and a consequent effect upon the resistance at the output side.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved combustion apparatus which will provide easy control of the mixture velocity as well as the combustion reaction velocity.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an improved combustion apparatus which will maintain stable combustion without the formation of soot, flame blow-out, or back-fire.
  • a combustion plate disposed between a combustion chamber and a mixture chamber, the plate having a plurality of flame holes over which are disposed aplurality of flow obstacles, the number of obstacles being less than the number of holes, thereby covering some and not others.
  • Disposed between the holes and the obstacles is a wire net which finely divides the mixture prior to ignition. Issuance of the mixture through the holes causes collision with the obstacles, resulting in turbulent flame flow patterns upon ignition.
  • the cross-sectional configuration of the flame holes may vary, such aiding in the attainment of stable combustion.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of one embodiment of a combustion apparatus constructed according to this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the shape of the flames formed by conventional apparatus
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the improved shape of the flames by the combustion apparatus constructed according to this invention.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are sectional views of the combustion plate for the combustion apparatus constructed according to this invention, showing two embodiments of flame holes.
  • the combustion apparatus comprises an axially located combustion chamber 1 for burning a gas mixture of vaporized fuel and combustion air, and a peripherally located heating chamber 1a, partially surrounding combustion chamber 1, for heating the combustion air which is supplied to the combustion chamber 1.
  • a cylindrical wall portion 2 of the combustion chamber 1 has heat accumulation properties while a vaporizing tube 3, for vaporizing the liquid fuel by means of the accumulated heat, and a heater 4, for providing heat to the wall portion 2 at the initiation of the operation, are located in an upper, radially extending wall portion of combustion chamber 1.
  • An axially located cylinder 9 forms a gas mixture collector 10 below the combustion chamber l, a plurality of flow regulating holes 9a being provided within the bottom wall portion of cylinder 9 for connecting the gas mixture passage 7 to the gas mixture collector 10.
  • the mixing chamber thus comprises the mixing compartment 5, the gas mixture passage 7, and the gas mixture collector 10.
  • An outer cylindrical housing 11 separates, in conjunction with the radially extending wall portion of combustion chamber 1, the combustion air heating chamber 1a from the gas mixture passage 7. Furthermore, an axially located combustion plate 12, having a plurality of cylindrical flame holes 12a, separates the gas mixture collector from the combustion chamber 1.
  • a wire net 13 is provided above the combustion plate 12, while a plurality of discrete, three dimensional type of flow obstacles 14, being of a number less than that of the flame holes 12a, are mounted upon the wire net 13, so as to be respectively disposed above only some, but not all, of the flame holes 12a, the burner for combustion thus comprising the combustion plate 12, the wire net 13 and the flow obstacles 14.
  • a radially extending spark plug is provided within the wall of combustion chamber 1, while an inlet pipe 16 supplies the vaporized fuel from the vaporizing tube 3 to the spray nozzle 6 which leads into the mixing compartment 5.
  • An inlet pipe 17 similarly supplies combustion air from'a blower, not shown in the drawings, to the heating chamber 1a.
  • the heater 4 an oil pump, now shown in the drawing, and the air blower also not shown in the drawing, are operated so that the wall 2 of the combustion chamber 1 may accumulate heat by means of heater 4.
  • Vaporizer tube 3 is likewise heated, and when liquid fuel is supplied to the vaporizing tube 3 by the oil pump, such is vaporized by the accumulated heat.
  • combustion air is supplied by means of the inlet 17 to the combustion air heating chamber la, the air then being mixed within compartment 5 with the vaporized fuel sprayed from the spray nozzle 6 to result in the gas mixture.
  • the gas mixture is subsequently passed through the inlet 8 to the gas mixture passage 7 for consequent passage through the flow regulating holes 9a to the gas mixture collector 10.
  • the gas mixture is then divided at the flame holes 12a, of the combustion plate 12, and the wire net 13, the mixture then being ignited by the spark plug 15 to initiate the combustion within the combustion chamber 1.
  • the flame holes 40 of the combustion plate consist of first flame hole passages 41 and second flame hole passages 42.
  • the first flame hole passages 41 are respectively opened to the rear or lower surface of the combustion plate 120 and each one of the first flame hole passages has a depth of I and an inner diameter of d
  • the second flame hole passages 42 are respectively opened to the front or upper surface of the combustion plate 120 and each one of the second flame hole passages has a depth of 1 and an inner diameter of d the diameter d being equal to depth and wherein the diameter d of the embodiment of FIG. 4 is constant, whereas, in that embodiment of FIG. 5, d is the maximum diameter of passage 42, the passage being frusto-conical and therefore tapering downward from diameter d to diameter d of passage 41.
  • the gas mixture is injected through the first flame hole passages 41 and the second passages 42 whereby they then collide with the wire net 13 which finely divides the gas mixture so that fine flames providing a lower noise of combustion are formed within the area downstream of the wire net 13.
  • the limit of back fire is dependent upon the inner diameter d, of the first flame hole passage 41.
  • the limit of flame blow-out can be increased, by the effect of the wire net 13, in addition to the limit defined by the inner diameters d and d of the first and second flame hole passages, 41 and 42, respectively.
  • the second flame hole passages 42 can be used as an expansion area for the flow of the gas mixture injected from the first flame hole passages 41.
  • the flash back region of the gas mixture having the theoretical mixing rate can be decreased, to be about one-third.
  • I, z 2 d the unstable combustion, caused by a change in pressure within the ignition area, can be avoided so that highly stable combustion can be attained. It has also been confirmed that the effect of the wire net can be high when the mesh of the wire net is higher than 10.
  • the cross-section of the flame holes 40 of the combustion plate 120 is circular in shape. However, it is not neces sary that they be of circular cross-section, and when they are not the inner diameters a and d can be considered to be equivalent to the corresponding linear dimensions.
  • Combustion apparatus comprising:
  • a mixing chamber for mixing combustion air and vaporized fuel
  • a combustion chamber for burning said mixture of combustion air and vaporized fuel
  • a combustion plate having a plurality of substantially evenly spaced flame holes, disposed between said mixing chamber and said combustion chamber;
  • a plurality of discrete flow obstacles having a lower substantially planar surface, being'less in number than the number of said flame holes, and substantially evenly spaced apart in a given plane so as to be disposed above only some of said flame holes of said combustion plate to thereby deflect the flow of said gas mixture which passes through said combustion plate from the flame holes obstructed by said flow obstacles substantially laterally into the flow of said gas mixture from flame holes which are unobstructed by said flow obstacles.
  • Combustion apparatus comprising:
  • a combustion chamber for burning said mixture of combustion air and vaporized fuel
  • combustion plate having a plurality of flame holes disposed between said mixing chamber and said combustion chamber;
  • Combustion apparatus comprising: a mixing chamber for mixing combustion air and vaporized fuel;
  • a combustion chamber for burning said mixture of combustion air and vaporized fuel
  • a combustion plate having a pluralityof flame holes
  • said flame holes comprise a first flame hole passage, open to the rear surface of said combustion plate, having a depth 1 and a diameter 'd and a second flame hole passage, connected to said first flame hole passage, having a depth 1 and a diameter d at the front surface of said combustion plate, wherein d is substantially equal to 1 d 1.5 d and l, a 2d,; and

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
US00291350A 1971-10-18 1972-09-22 Combustion apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3847534A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8230771A JPS4847632A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-10-18 1971-10-18
JP9567571A JPS5232097B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-11-27 1971-11-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3847534A true US3847534A (en) 1974-11-12

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ID=26423330

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00291350A Expired - Lifetime US3847534A (en) 1971-10-18 1972-09-22 Combustion apparatus

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3847534A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA967475A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2157328A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1409302A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3903692A (en) * 1972-07-24 1975-09-09 Us Army Hot gas generator
US4257235A (en) * 1977-03-14 1981-03-24 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gas turbine engine with fuel-air premix chamber
US4480988A (en) * 1982-05-17 1984-11-06 Osaka Gas Company, Limited Surface combustion type burner with air supply entirely as primary air
US4776787A (en) * 1987-04-22 1988-10-11 Hsie Ching Hai Kerosene gasifying and combusting apparatus
US4792300A (en) * 1986-08-06 1988-12-20 Izuzu Motors Limited Atomizing burner
US4887963A (en) * 1988-03-21 1989-12-19 Chaffoteaux Et Maury Gas burners
US4919609A (en) * 1989-05-02 1990-04-24 Gas Research Institute Ceramic tile burner
US5441402A (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-08-15 Gas Research Institute Emission reduction
WO2006063126A3 (en) * 2004-12-08 2006-12-28 Lpp Comb Llc Method and apparatus for conditioning liquid hydrocarbon fuels
US20080115502A1 (en) * 2002-10-10 2008-05-22 Lpp Combustion, Llc System for vaporization of liquid fuels for combustion and method of use
US20100248173A1 (en) * 2009-03-27 2010-09-30 Dainichi Co., Ltd. Combustion apparatus
US8529646B2 (en) 2006-05-01 2013-09-10 Lpp Combustion Llc Integrated system and method for production and vaporization of liquid hydrocarbon fuels for combustion
US20130280662A1 (en) * 2010-11-16 2013-10-24 Ulrich Dreizler Combustion method with cool flame base
EP2597368A3 (de) * 2011-11-23 2015-06-17 MAN Truck & Bus AG Brennervorrichtung für den Brennraum eines Brenners, insbesondere zur Anhebung der Abgastemperatur einer Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs
US9182119B2 (en) 2009-08-18 2015-11-10 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Radiant burner
US20180080648A1 (en) * 2013-02-14 2018-03-22 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Burner including a perforated flame holder spaced away from a fuel nozzle

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US676096A (en) * 1899-02-28 1901-06-11 Charles Musker Oil-heated steam-generator.
US1259029A (en) * 1917-07-28 1918-03-12 Gas And Oil Comb Company Apparatus for burning explosive gaseous mixtures.
US2511380A (en) * 1945-10-06 1950-06-13 Eclipse Fuel Eng Co Radiant cell gas burner
US2594914A (en) * 1949-02-12 1952-04-29 Grosskloss John Frederick Burner
US3488137A (en) * 1968-10-17 1970-01-06 Hikaru Naganuma Infrared gas burner with flashback prevention arrangement

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US676096A (en) * 1899-02-28 1901-06-11 Charles Musker Oil-heated steam-generator.
US1259029A (en) * 1917-07-28 1918-03-12 Gas And Oil Comb Company Apparatus for burning explosive gaseous mixtures.
US2511380A (en) * 1945-10-06 1950-06-13 Eclipse Fuel Eng Co Radiant cell gas burner
US2594914A (en) * 1949-02-12 1952-04-29 Grosskloss John Frederick Burner
US3488137A (en) * 1968-10-17 1970-01-06 Hikaru Naganuma Infrared gas burner with flashback prevention arrangement

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3903692A (en) * 1972-07-24 1975-09-09 Us Army Hot gas generator
US4257235A (en) * 1977-03-14 1981-03-24 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gas turbine engine with fuel-air premix chamber
US4480988A (en) * 1982-05-17 1984-11-06 Osaka Gas Company, Limited Surface combustion type burner with air supply entirely as primary air
US4792300A (en) * 1986-08-06 1988-12-20 Izuzu Motors Limited Atomizing burner
US4776787A (en) * 1987-04-22 1988-10-11 Hsie Ching Hai Kerosene gasifying and combusting apparatus
US4887963A (en) * 1988-03-21 1989-12-19 Chaffoteaux Et Maury Gas burners
US4919609A (en) * 1989-05-02 1990-04-24 Gas Research Institute Ceramic tile burner
US5441402A (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-08-15 Gas Research Institute Emission reduction
US8225611B2 (en) 2002-10-10 2012-07-24 Lpp Combustion, Llc System for vaporization of liquid fuels for combustion and method of use
US20080115502A1 (en) * 2002-10-10 2008-05-22 Lpp Combustion, Llc System for vaporization of liquid fuels for combustion and method of use
US7770396B2 (en) 2002-10-10 2010-08-10 LLP Combustion, LLC System for vaporization of liquid fuels for combustion and method of use
AU2005314037B2 (en) * 2004-12-08 2011-01-20 Lpp Combustion, Llc Method and apparatus for conditioning liquid hydrocarbon fuels
US8702420B2 (en) * 2004-12-08 2014-04-22 Lpp Combustion, Llc Method and apparatus for conditioning liquid hydrocarbon fuels
CN101069040B (zh) * 2004-12-08 2011-11-23 Lpp燃料有限公司 用于调节液体燃料的方法和装置
WO2006063126A3 (en) * 2004-12-08 2006-12-28 Lpp Comb Llc Method and apparatus for conditioning liquid hydrocarbon fuels
KR101201624B1 (ko) 2004-12-08 2012-11-14 엘피피 컴버션, 엘엘씨 액체 탄화수소 연료의 컨디셔닝을 위한 방법 및 장치
US9803854B2 (en) 2004-12-08 2017-10-31 Lpp Combustion, Llc. Method and apparatus for conditioning liquid hydrocarbon fuels
NO337840B1 (no) * 2004-12-08 2016-06-27 Lpp Comb Llc Metode og apparat for behandling av flytende hydrokarbondrivstoff.
US8529646B2 (en) 2006-05-01 2013-09-10 Lpp Combustion Llc Integrated system and method for production and vaporization of liquid hydrocarbon fuels for combustion
US8573966B2 (en) * 2009-03-27 2013-11-05 Dainichi Co., Ltd. Combustion apparatus
US20100248173A1 (en) * 2009-03-27 2010-09-30 Dainichi Co., Ltd. Combustion apparatus
US9182119B2 (en) 2009-08-18 2015-11-10 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Radiant burner
US9360210B2 (en) * 2010-11-16 2016-06-07 Ulrich Dreizler Combustion method with cool flame base
US20130280662A1 (en) * 2010-11-16 2013-10-24 Ulrich Dreizler Combustion method with cool flame base
EP2597368A3 (de) * 2011-11-23 2015-06-17 MAN Truck & Bus AG Brennervorrichtung für den Brennraum eines Brenners, insbesondere zur Anhebung der Abgastemperatur einer Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs
US20180080648A1 (en) * 2013-02-14 2018-03-22 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Burner including a perforated flame holder spaced away from a fuel nozzle
US10760784B2 (en) * 2013-02-14 2020-09-01 Clearsign Technologies Corporation Burner including a perforated flame holder spaced away from a fuel nozzle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1409302A (en) 1975-10-08
DE2244508B2 (de) 1976-07-22
CA967475A (en) 1975-05-13
DE2244508A1 (de) 1973-04-26
FR2157328A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-06-01

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