US3846150A - Method for producing printed matter containing images and alpha-numerical characters - Google Patents

Method for producing printed matter containing images and alpha-numerical characters Download PDF

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Publication number
US3846150A
US3846150A US00272063A US27206372A US3846150A US 3846150 A US3846150 A US 3846150A US 00272063 A US00272063 A US 00272063A US 27206372 A US27206372 A US 27206372A US 3846150 A US3846150 A US 3846150A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
carrier
electrostatic charge
image
coded image
latent electrostatic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00272063A
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English (en)
Inventor
G Forgo
E Meyer
K Moser
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Zellweger Uster AG
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Zellweger Uster AG
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Publication of US3846150A publication Critical patent/US3846150A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/22—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20
    • G03G15/32—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20 in which the charge pattern is formed dotwise, e.g. by a thermal head
    • G03G15/321—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20 in which the charge pattern is formed dotwise, e.g. by a thermal head by charge transfer onto the recording material in accordance with the image
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K1/00—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion
    • G06K1/12—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion otherwise than by punching
    • G06K1/128—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion otherwise than by punching by electric registration, e.g. electrolytic, spark erosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S101/00—Printing
    • Y10S101/37—Printing employing electrostatic force
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
    • Y10S430/001—Electric or magnetic imagery, e.g., xerography, electrography, magnetography, etc. Process, composition, or product
    • Y10S430/102—Electrically charging radiation-conductive surface

Definitions

  • the apparatus for the performance of the aforementioned method comprises a feed mechanism for delivering a form or the like capable of receiving latent electrostatic charge images to an electrostatic printing mechanism and an electrostatic writing mechanism and following the production of the charge images decisive for the thus produced images and characters such feed mechanism delivers the form to a developer.
  • the present invention relates to a new and improved method for producing printed matter containing images and alpha-numerical characters.
  • the invention also relates to products produced according to the method of this invention and to the use of such products.
  • printed matter or printable matter are to be understood as being employed in their broader sense and generally are intended to denote almost any type of material, typically by way of example and not limitation, forms, labels, and generally other types of matter which can be electrostatically imprinted with information, such as images and/ or alpha-numerical characters.
  • the term form as used hereinafter is thus in tended to embrace such various types of printable matter.
  • this invention is concerned with a new and improved method by means of which the aforementioned images and characters can be obtained by developing previously obtained latent electrostatic charge images.
  • Procedures and equipment are known in the art for automatically identifying and analytically determining articles of sale which are selected by customers in sundry business establishments, such as self-service stores, supermarkets, and the like, and which are presented to a processing or check-out station.
  • each of the aforementioned articles of sale is provided with a characterizing marking, for instance in the form of a printed label, which contains information typical or significant to the relevant article of sale.
  • Such information can for in stance constitute an article number, the price of the article, the type of article, and even more relevant data.
  • this information can be portrayed in the form of a beam code, a code image having a checkerboardlike structure, or a code image having a ring-shaped structure or other significant configurations.
  • Another and more specific object of the present invention relates to a new and improved method of pro viding printed or printable matter, especially labels, with at least one respective code image and at least one respective alpha-numerical character in a matter of seconds.
  • Still a further significant object of the present invention relates to an improved method of providing printable matter with both a code image and alpha-numerical marking rapidly and reliably and in a manner insuring for proper read-out of such type markings.
  • the inventive method for producing printed matter equipped with images and alpha-numerical characters is manifested by the features that the aforementioned images and the aforementioned characters are produced in the form of latent electrostatic charge images fabricated according to two different techniques and thereafter are conjointly developed.
  • the present invention is also concerned with an improved construction of apparatus for the performance of the aforementioned method which is manifested by the features that there is provided a feed mechanism which advances printable matter, conveniently referred to as forms, and suitable for the reception of latent electrostatic charge images to an electrostatic printing mechanism and an electrostatic-writing mechanism and thereafter the form, following the production of the electrostatic charge images decisive for the aforementioned image and character, are delivered to a developer for the development thereof.
  • a feed mechanism which advances printable matter, conveniently referred to as forms, and suitable for the reception of latent electrostatic charge images to an electrostatic printing mechanism and an electrostatic-writing mechanism and thereafter the form, following the production of the electrostatic charge images decisive for the aforementioned image and character, are delivered to a developer for the development thereof.
  • FIG. 1 is an electrical circuit diagram of a first exemplary embodiment explaining principles of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of apparatus for the performance of the inventive method
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate details of a possible form of electrostatic writing mechanism
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective View of a printing mechanism according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates details of mechanism for detaching a label from a carrier foil strip
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a writing electrode at a writing electrode holder having a rotary magnet system
  • FIG. 8 is a graph depicting the time sequence of the individual functions of the electrostatic printing apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 a principle electrical circuit diagram of a first exemplary embodiment.
  • the images for instance code images, are produced in accordance with a first printing technique by means of an electrostatic printer or printing mechanism.
  • an electrode arrangement 1 consisting of an insulating base plate 2 at which there are mounted N-number of individual electrodes E E which are insulated from one another.
  • Each of these individual electrodes E E can be connected through the agency of a respective associated conductor or line L L with an associated switch S S to a conductor 3 and thus can be connected via a resistor 4 with one pole 5 of a suitable voltage source 6.
  • the other pole 7 of the voltage source 6 is connected through the agency of a conductor 8 with a counterelectrode 9 arranged at a spacing d from the electrode arrangement 1.
  • a carrier 10 for instance a print able form or an empty label or otherwise, and which is suitable for receiving a latent electrostatic charge image.
  • This carrier 10 is produced from a known so-called dielectric paper and is suitable for temporarily receiving thereat the latent electrostatic charge image. It is not necessary that this carrier possess photoconductive properties since the charge image can be produced directly by an electrical discharge operation.
  • a suitable type of carrier has been disclosed, for instance, in the commonly assigned, copend- United States application of Walter Strohschneider, Ser. No. 263,671 filed June 16, 1972, and entitled Laminated Article, the discloser of which is incorporated herein by reference and to which reference may be readily had.
  • the spacing d is generally very small, for instance amounts to a few tenths of a millimeter and the shape of the electrodes chosen so as to be approximately congruent to the surface elements of the printed image which is to be produced by the electrodes.
  • the shape of the electrodes chosen so as to be approximately congruent to the surface elements of the printed image which is to be produced by the electrodes.
  • FIG. 2 illustrating an exemplary embodiment of apparatus for the performance of the inventive method.
  • a motor M is arranged upon a base plate 101 and which can drive in accordance with a predetermined program through the agency of suitable means, such as a belt drive, chain drive, shafts, electromagnetic couplings and the like, the individual components of the apparatus 100, as generally indicated by the schematically illustrated drive connections 200.
  • suitable means such as a belt drive, chain drive, shafts, electromagnetic couplings and the like
  • Such program can be realized by employing a conventional cam disk and suitable contacts actuated thereby.
  • a supply device 102 for the delivery of a carrier foil strip 107 having thereon the printable material, referred to as the carriers 107A embodies a supply roll 104 which revolves upon a stationary axle or shaft 103.
  • the supply roll 104 is braked by means of a suitable brake mechanism 105, for instance embodying a brake roll 105a, which resiliently presses against the periphery of the supply roll 104, so that the carrier foil strip 107 wound upon the supply roll 104 can be withdrawn tautly from such roll through the agency of a deflecting roll 106.
  • This carrier foil strip 107 consists for instance of an impregnated paper strip at which the forms to be imprinted, for instance self-adhering labels 107a, adhere at a prescribed spacing from one another.
  • This carrier foil strip 107 with the labels 107A thereon then travels through a control portion 108 of a suitable feed mechanism 122.
  • a control portion 108 of a suitable feed mechanism 122 Any suitable control for advancing such carrier foil strip can be employed.
  • the control portion 108 can contain control means 109, for example light barrier means responding to the successive labels 107A and which again brings to standstill the feed mechanism 122 after it has been placed into operation in response to a control signal as soon as the next successive label 107A has assumed the position previously occupied by the preceding label 107A. This also has been discussed in our previously mentioned copending applications.
  • the printing mechanism 112 may be of the type discussed in conjunction with FIG. 1 and possesses the electrode arrangement 1 which, for instance, consists of ring-shaped individual electrodes E E These individual electrodes can have selectively applied thereto the voltage U (FIG. 1) in order to be able to thus produce a latent charge image at a label 107B which is momentarily located at the printing mechanism 112 and in accordance with the desired code image.
  • the electrode arrangement 1 which, for instance, consists of ring-shaped individual electrodes E E
  • These individual electrodes can have selectively applied thereto the voltage U (FIG. 1) in order to be able to thus produce a latent charge image at a label 107B which is momentarily located at the printing mechanism 112 and in accordance with the desired code image.
  • an electrostatic writing mechanism 160 neighboring the printing mechanism 112 there is additionally provided an electrostatic writing mechanism 160.
  • electrostatic writing mechanisms suitable for the purposes of the invention are well known in the art and have been discussed in principle, for instance, in the aforementioned Springer Publication previously referred to.
  • this electrostatic writing mechanism 160 which preferably becomes operational during the feed of a label 107B through the printing mechanism 112, it is possible to produce a latent electrostatic charge image according to a second printing technique. This latent image corresponds to the desired alpha-numerical character.
  • the carrier foil strip 107 is drawn about a sharp edge 113, so that owing to the greater stiffness of the label in contrast to the carrier foil strip 107, this label detaches from such carrier foil strip.
  • the detached label has been designated by reference character 107C in FIG. 2.
  • a movable element 114 for instance an intermittently rotating arm, is controlled such that following release of the label 1070 it is positioned just at its direct neighborhood, so that the label 107C now can be engaged by the end face 114A of the movable element or member 114.
  • a contact or press-on roll 205 which is subjected to a slight spring pressure and formed of insulating material in order to improve transfer of the label 107C from the carrier foil strip 107 to the movable element 114.
  • the movable element 114 preferably moves past a corona discharge device 150 to a developer 130.
  • both of the latent charge images present at the label 107C in other words that latent charge image which has been produced by the first technique and representing the code image and that charge image which has been produced by the second technique and representing the alpha-numerical character, are simultaneously developed owing to movement of these latent charge images past a so-called magnetic brush 131 of the developer 130.
  • the function of the corona discharge device 150 is to provide the surface elements at the finished label which are to remain white with a charge opposite to the polarity of the latent charge images, however corresponding to the polarity of the toner particles. In this way such surface elements, during passage, past the magnetic brush 131, tend to repel the electrostatically charged toner particles. Consequently, there is obtained a considerable increase in the contrast of the electrostatically produced printed image, as such has been explained in greater detail in the commonly assigned, copending United States application, Ser. No. 272,064, filed July 14, 1972, and incorporated herein by reference entitled Method and Apparatus for Improving the Contrast During Electrostatic Printing. It would be of course possible to have the corona discharge device 150 arranged before the printer devices for the formation of the different electrostatic charge images to exert the action of the corona discharge prior to formation thereof.
  • the movable element 114 After passing the developer 130, the movable element 114 brings the label with the now developed images into the operable zone of a suitable fixer or fixing mechanism 132 for fixing such developed images.
  • fixer 132 can be constituted, by way of example, by an infrared radiation device.
  • the latter After fixing the code image and alphanumerical character at the label, the latter now arrives at an opening 125 of the housing 126 of the electrostatic printing apparatus where it can be removed in any convenient fashion for further use.
  • the carrier foil strip 107 is pulled by the feed mechanism 122 over the sharp edge 113, over further deflecting rolls 115, 116, 117, about a feed roll 118 and a further deflecting roll 119.
  • Sheet metal guides 120 and 121 facilitate the threading-in of the carrier foil strip 107 upon mounting a new supply roll 104.
  • the carrier foil strip 107 freed of the labels 107C is subsequently transferred by means of a chute 123 or equivalent device into a receiving container 124 where, if desired, it can then again be reused.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 schematically illustrate details of an arrangement of the electrostatic writing mechanism 160 at the printing mechanism 112, and specifically in respective views lengthwise and transversely of the carrier foil strip 107.
  • the same components have been generally designated by the same reference numerals.
  • the electrode arrangement 1 is connected via the conductors L L with the selector control circuit for controlling the individual electrodes E E in accordance with the alpha-numerical characters which are to be produced, and in accordance with the circuitry disclosed in our aforementioned application Ser. No. 272,111.
  • the electrostatic writing mechanism 160 possesses a writing electrode 161 which is secured, for instance, as by adhesive bonding, at a writing electrode holder 162 at the side confronting the carrier foil strip 107.
  • This writing electrode holder 162 is attached to a shaft 163 of a rotary magnet system 164.
  • the writing electrode 161 can be pressed with a slight pressure against the label or otherwise to be imprinted. If energization of the rotary electromagnetic system 164 is interrupted, then a tension spring 165 (FIG. 4) or equivalent, and which engages with a lever 166, again lifts the writing electrode 161 off such label or otherwise.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the spatial arrangement of the printing mechanism 112 and the writing mechanism 160 in a perspective view with the same reference numerals again being employed for the relevant components.
  • FIG. 6 there is shown on an enlarged scale the previously discussed arrangement for releasing or detaching the labels 107C from the carrier foil strip 107 at the sharp edge 113 and the transfer of the labels 107C to the movable element 114.
  • FIG. 7 there is illustrated the writing electrode 161 at the writing electrode holder 162 which is secured to the shaft 163 of the rotary magnet system 164.
  • This writing electrode 161 can advantageously be designed according to printed circuit technology.
  • As the support for such there can be preferably employed a polyester laminate of, for instance, approximately one-tenth of a millimeter thickness and having a copper overlay of approximately 3-10 hundredths of a millimeter.
  • the copper tracks, which represent the individual electrodes of the writing electrode, are advantageously galvanically finished, for instance provided with a hard gold or rhodium coating, in order to improve their wear resistance.
  • FIG. 8 there is illustrated a graph which is informative as concerns the time sequence of the individual functions of the electrostatic printing apparatus of the type under consideration.
  • This electromagnetic system serves to carry out the previously mentioned change in spacing between the electrode arrangement 1 and the counterelectrode 9 during the formation of the latent electrostatic charge image for the code image.
  • a motor is switched in which brings about the previously like-wise discussed slight transverse displacement of the electrode arrangement 1 during the formation of the latent electrostatic charge image for the code image for the purpose of widening the surface elements thereof. This has been represented in line E.
  • New in line F there is indicated the time span t7 1 during which the carrier foil strip 107 is advanced by the feed mechanism 122.
  • the movable element 114 is placed into operation during the time span t t
  • Line K indicates that the electrode 151 of the corona device 150 has voltage applied thereto, for instance amounting to +5 kilovolts, during the time span i 1 During this time span, the end face 114A of the movable element 114 passes through the operable zone of the corona discharge device 150.
  • a method of producing printed matter containing at least one coded image and at least one alpha-numerical character comprising the steps of employing a carrier for the reception of latent electrostatic charge images, feeding such carrier in a predetermined direction of travel, forming on the carrier a latent electrostatic charge image corresponding to said coded image by applying voltage to predetermined individual electrodes of an electrode arrangement to produce an electrical discharge from said electrode arrangement to the carrier in order to form a latent electrostatic charge image characterizing at least part of said coded image and corresponding in structure to the electrodes impinged with voltage, and during at least part of the time when said latent electrostatic charge image characterizing at least part of said coded image is produced carrying out a change in the spacing between the electrode arrangement and the carrier in order to thereby improve the quality of the electrostatically printed coded image, and during at least part of the time when the latent electrostatic charge image characterizing at least part of said coded image is produced carrying out a relative alternate movement between the electrode arrangement and the carrier in a direction substantially parallel to the plane

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combination Of More Than One Step In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Labeling Devices (AREA)
  • Printers Characterized By Their Purpose (AREA)
  • Electrophotography Using Other Than Carlson'S Method (AREA)
US00272063A 1971-08-16 1972-07-14 Method for producing printed matter containing images and alpha-numerical characters Expired - Lifetime US3846150A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1210771A CH542467A (de) 1971-08-16 1971-08-16 Elektrostatisches Verfahren zum Aufbringen von Bildern und alphanumerischen Zeichen auf einen Aufzeichnungsträger sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3846150A true US3846150A (en) 1974-11-05

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US00272063A Expired - Lifetime US3846150A (en) 1971-08-16 1972-07-14 Method for producing printed matter containing images and alpha-numerical characters

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US (1) US3846150A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS4831952A (enExample)
BE (1) BE786995A (enExample)
CH (1) CH542467A (enExample)
DE (1) DE2220844A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2149773A5 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1397100A (enExample)
NL (1) NL7204446A (enExample)
ZA (1) ZA725511B (enExample)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4281334A (en) * 1979-10-22 1981-07-28 Markem Corp Electrostatic label printing system
US4281335A (en) * 1979-10-22 1981-07-28 Markem Corporation Electrostatic label printing system
US4295178A (en) * 1979-02-21 1981-10-13 Walter Spengler Electrode arrangement with individually connectable and disconnectable electrodes
US4347525A (en) * 1979-10-22 1982-08-31 Markem Corporation Electrostatic label printing system
US4712907A (en) * 1985-11-01 1987-12-15 Xerox Corporation Sequencing means for photocopying processes
DE3908869A1 (de) * 1988-03-18 1989-09-28 Hitachi Koki Kk Zufuehrvorrichtung fuer blattfoermiges lichtempfindliches material

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3852770A (en) * 1973-05-21 1974-12-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Coded legend marking assembly having transmit and receive printing circuitry
JPS61239042A (ja) * 1985-04-09 1986-10-24 渡邊　聰 シヤド−織物とその製織機構
US4926919A (en) * 1988-11-14 1990-05-22 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Vehicle tire with rib type tread pattern having sipes across the ribs
JPH0748767A (ja) * 1993-08-05 1995-02-21 Nitsuten Kk 立体的に見える装飾模様を施した布及びその製法

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4295178A (en) * 1979-02-21 1981-10-13 Walter Spengler Electrode arrangement with individually connectable and disconnectable electrodes
US4281334A (en) * 1979-10-22 1981-07-28 Markem Corp Electrostatic label printing system
US4281335A (en) * 1979-10-22 1981-07-28 Markem Corporation Electrostatic label printing system
US4347525A (en) * 1979-10-22 1982-08-31 Markem Corporation Electrostatic label printing system
US4712907A (en) * 1985-11-01 1987-12-15 Xerox Corporation Sequencing means for photocopying processes
DE3908869A1 (de) * 1988-03-18 1989-09-28 Hitachi Koki Kk Zufuehrvorrichtung fuer blattfoermiges lichtempfindliches material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA725511B (en) 1973-04-25
GB1397100A (en) 1975-06-11
FR2149773A5 (enExample) 1973-03-30
BE786995A (fr) 1972-11-16
NL7204446A (enExample) 1973-02-20
JPS4831952A (enExample) 1973-04-26
CH542467A (de) 1973-09-30
DE2220844A1 (de) 1973-03-01

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