US3845922A - Sabot projectile - Google Patents

Sabot projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
US3845922A
US3845922A US00358141A US35814173A US3845922A US 3845922 A US3845922 A US 3845922A US 00358141 A US00358141 A US 00358141A US 35814173 A US35814173 A US 35814173A US 3845922 A US3845922 A US 3845922A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
vanes
projectile
sabot
axis
support means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00358141A
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English (en)
Inventor
C Mayer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
Original Assignee
Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG filed Critical Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3845922A publication Critical patent/US3845922A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
    • F42B10/14—Stabilising arrangements using fins spread or deployed after launch, e.g. after leaving the barrel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor

Definitions

  • the vanes in a first position forming a substantially pyramid-shaped sabot and after pivoting about an axis into a second position forming a resist ance-free guide mechanism.
  • the tip of the pyramidshaped sabot viewed in the direction of flight, being directed towards the rear, and the lateral boundary surfaces of the vanes in a first position tightly bearing against one another under the action of the gas pressure, and the vanes being constructed as a T-guide or control mechanism and the vane pivot axes being directed perpendicular to the axis of the projectile.
  • the present invention relates to a new and improved construction of sabot projectile of the type having vanes pivotably secured to supports, the vanes in a first position forming a substantially pyramid-shaped sabot and after rocking or pivoting about an axis into a second position forming a resistance-free guide or control mechanism. 2
  • Similar sabot projectiles are known to the art in different constructional manifestations.
  • Their vanes are flat or planar and form in a first position a pyramid having a tip directed towards the front, and which serves as the sabot, the propellant gas being located internally of the pyramid.
  • the rear boundary surfaces of the sabot pyramid are pressed against the inner jacket of the firing barrel or bore, so that upon ejection of the projectile from the firing barrel high frictional forces must be overcome.
  • the vanes are then pivoted into a second position about pivot axes which are directed obliquely with respect to the projectile axis, and in which position they form a knife guide or control mechanism which is less effective-than a T- guide mechanism.
  • Another and more specific object of the present invention aims at providing an improved construction of sabot projectile, the pivotal vanes of which, in a first position. form a relatively frictionless sabot and, in a second position, an effective guide or control mechamsm.
  • the sabot projectile of this development is manifested by the features that the tip of the substantially pyramid-shaped sabot, viewed in the direction of flight, is directed towards the rear, that the lateral boundary surfaces of the vanes in their first position are tightly pressed into contact against one another under the action of the gas pressure, that the vanes are formed as a T-guide mechanism and the pivot axes of the vanes are directed perpendicular to the projectile axis.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a projectile located in a firing barrel, partially in section, and constituting a first exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the projectile depicted in FIG. 1 after leaving the firing barrel;
  • FIG. 3 is a view from the rear of the projectile depicted in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a view of a second exemplary embodiment of the invention, similar to the showing of FIG. 3;
  • a'projectile for instance a trench mortar projectile 2 is located in a firing barrel or bore 1, and the largest diameter of such projectile 2 is smaller than the diameter of the firing barrel 1.
  • the projectile 2 there are secured at the region of the center of gravity of the projectile three pivotable guide cams or dogs 3. The diameter of the projectile 2 is greatest at the central portion of such projectile and then reduces towards the rear thereof, as shown.
  • each projection 5 is provided with a respective groove 7 arranged parallel to the projectile axis 6.
  • each projection 5 there is mounted a pivot shaft or pivot axis 8 which extendsperpendicular to the projectile axis 6 and to the associated groove 7.
  • a parallelogram-shaped support or carrier 9 possesses a projection 11 at one of its corners 10, the thickness of this projection 11 being equal to the width of the groove 7, and also having a semi-circular crosssectional configuration of the same dimensions as the projections 5.
  • the projection '11 at the support or carrier 9 engages into the groove 7 of projection 5 at the tail pipe 4 and is hingedly connected wtih the pivot shaft 8.
  • the spacing of the pivot shaft 8 from the projectile axis 6 is equal to the radius of the tail-pipe 4.
  • a planar or flat vane 12 is fixedly connected with the lengthwise extending side 13 of the support or carrier 9 opposite the projection 11 and is disposed perpendicular thereto.
  • the symmetry axis of a vane encloses with the projectile axis 6 an angle a which is of the same magnitude as the acute angle of the parallelogramshaped support 9.
  • the lateral boundary surfaces '14 of a vane 12 are located in two radial planes which are perpendicular to one another.
  • the shape of the front boundary surface 15 of a vane 12, in the position depicted in FIG. 1, is governed by the requirement that the vane tightly contact or bears against the inner jacket of the firing barrel 1, the shape of the rear boundary surface 16 of a vane in the same position corresponds to the tail pipe 4.
  • the front and rear boundary surfaces 15 and 16 of the vane are therefore elliptical.
  • At the part of the tail pipe located behind the projections 5 there are pushed-on propellant charge bodies 17 which constitute the projectile propellant charge.
  • the front boundary surfaceslS of the vane 12 of the projectile 2 located in the firing barrel 1 bear against the inner wall of such firing barrel 1.
  • Neighboring vanes 12 contact one another by means of their lateral boundary surfaces 14.
  • the vane support 9 bears by means of its lateral boundary surface 18 at the base of the grooves.
  • the four vanes 12 collectively form a pyramid having a tip directed towards the rear, and which serves as the sabot.
  • the vanes 12 which snugly bear by means of the boundary surfaces 14 and against one another and against the firing barrel 1 close the charge compartment located behind the sabot towards the front.
  • the projectile 2 is centered in the firing barrel 1 by means of the guide cams 3. Upon ingition of the propellant charge the projectile 2 is fired out of the firing barrel 1 under the action of the pressure of the propellant charge gases which act upon the sabot.
  • the gas pressure acts from the outside upon the vane pyramid and presses the side surfaces against one another, so that they completely tightly bear against one another.
  • the front boundary surfaces 15 are slightly displaced away from the firing barrel 1, so that the friction between the sabot and the firing barrel is reduced.
  • the supports 9 form a knife guide or control mechanism which is surrounded by a vane guide mechanism consisting of the vanes 12, resulting in a T-guide or control mechanism. j
  • Theaif res tfitce induc ed by the guide or control mechanism is small.
  • the forces generated by the propellant action act upon the vanes 12 in a direction perpendicular to the projectile axis.
  • the length of the lever arm related to the center of gravity of the projectile, and at which there impinge such forces, is directly proportional to the cosine of the angle of attack of the pro jectile 2, in other words. is practically constant for the normally occurring angles of attack.
  • the spacing which the vanes 12 possess from the projectile axis 6 in the second position influences the effectiveness of the guide or control mechanism.
  • This spacing can be influenced by the length of the edge 18 of vane carrier 9. According to FIG. 1, the vane spacing amounts to, for instance, the radius of the firing barrel 1.
  • the exemplary embodiment in F [05. 4 and 5 possess vanes which consist of segments of thin-walled pipes or conduits.
  • the vanes 20 are secured to the supports 9 in such a way that the axes of the cylinder, from which the vanes are formed, and which in the second position are parallel to the projectile axis, are located between the vanes and the projectile axis.
  • the axes of the cylinders are located externally of the vane surfaces 21.
  • a sabot projectile comprisinga propellant charge provided for the sabot projectile for producing a gas pressure, support means, vanes pivotably secured to said support means, said vanes in a first position forming a substantially pyramid-shaped sabot and after pivoting about an axis into a second position forming a substantially resistance-free guide mechanism, the pyramid-shaped sabot having a tip which, viewed in the direction of flight of the sabot, is directed towards the rear, said vanes having lateral boundary surfaces which in the first position of said vanes tightly bear against one another under the action of the gas pressure of the propellant charge, said vanes being constructed as a T guide mechanism and the pivot axes of the vanes being directed perpendicular to the axis of the projectile.
  • a sabot projectile for use with a firing barrel having an inner jacket comprising a projectile, a tail pipe supported by said projectile, support means fixed to said tail pipe, vanes pivotably secured to said support means, said vanes in a first position forming a substantially pyramid-shaped sabot having a tip which.
  • said vanes viewed in the direction of flight of the sabot, is directed towards the rear, said vanes after pivoting about an axis into a second position forming a substantially resistance-free guide mechanism, said pyramid-shaped sabot having a greater diameter than the diameter of said projectile, said vanes having lateral boundary surfaces which in the first position of said vanes tightly bear against one another and against the inner jacket of the firing barrel, said tail pipe having a part thereof located behind said support means, said tail pipe part carrying propellant charge bodies constituting a projectile prolpellant charge for producing a gas pressure in the firing arrel.
  • vanes are substantially planar and upon assuming their second position form together with the support means a T-guide mechanism.
  • vanes are sections of cylindrical surfaces and said vanes, upon assuming their second position, form together with the support means a T-guide mechanism.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
US00358141A 1972-05-10 1973-05-07 Sabot projectile Expired - Lifetime US3845922A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH692472A CH552189A (de) 1972-05-10 1972-05-10 Treibspiegelgeschoss.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3845922A true US3845922A (en) 1974-11-05

Family

ID=4317193

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00358141A Expired - Lifetime US3845922A (en) 1972-05-10 1973-05-07 Sabot projectile

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3845922A (de)
BE (1) BE799206A (de)
CH (1) CH552189A (de)
DE (1) DE2321746C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2183847B1 (de)
IL (1) IL42229A (de)
IT (1) IT987267B (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2637461A1 (de) * 1976-08-20 1978-03-09 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Leitwerk fuer flugkoerper
US4978088A (en) * 1988-12-19 1990-12-18 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Guidance mechanism for a subcaliber-sized fin-stabilized practice projectile
US5685503A (en) * 1994-06-28 1997-11-11 Luchaire Defense As Deployment device for the fin of a projectile
US6234082B1 (en) * 1997-09-24 2001-05-22 Giat Industries Large-caliber long-range field artillery projectile
US20140008483A1 (en) * 2012-07-05 2014-01-09 U.S. Government As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Retention system for a deployable projectile fin

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3622103A (en) * 1968-07-11 1971-11-23 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Twistless projectile with launching tube

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3622103A (en) * 1968-07-11 1971-11-23 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Twistless projectile with launching tube

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2637461A1 (de) * 1976-08-20 1978-03-09 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Leitwerk fuer flugkoerper
US4978088A (en) * 1988-12-19 1990-12-18 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Guidance mechanism for a subcaliber-sized fin-stabilized practice projectile
US5685503A (en) * 1994-06-28 1997-11-11 Luchaire Defense As Deployment device for the fin of a projectile
US6234082B1 (en) * 1997-09-24 2001-05-22 Giat Industries Large-caliber long-range field artillery projectile
US20140008483A1 (en) * 2012-07-05 2014-01-09 U.S. Government As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Retention system for a deployable projectile fin
US9212877B2 (en) * 2012-07-05 2015-12-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Retention system for a deployable projectile fin

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2183847B1 (de) 1976-09-10
DE2321746C3 (de) 1978-04-13
DE2321746A1 (de) 1973-11-22
FR2183847A1 (de) 1973-12-21
BE799206A (fr) 1973-08-31
IL42229A (en) 1976-07-30
DE2321746B2 (de) 1977-08-18
IT987267B (it) 1975-02-20
IL42229A0 (en) 1973-10-25
CH552189A (de) 1974-07-31

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