US3844106A - Electronic device for maintenance of the oscillations of a balance wheel - Google Patents

Electronic device for maintenance of the oscillations of a balance wheel Download PDF

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Publication number
US3844106A
US3844106A US00345687A US34568773A US3844106A US 3844106 A US3844106 A US 3844106A US 00345687 A US00345687 A US 00345687A US 34568773 A US34568773 A US 34568773A US 3844106 A US3844106 A US 3844106A
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United States
Prior art keywords
transistor
base
collector
output
input
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00345687A
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English (en)
Inventor
I Scherrer
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Ebauches SA
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Ebauches SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G04C3/06—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance
    • G04C3/065—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance the balance controlling gear-train by means of static switches, e.g. transistor circuits
    • G04C3/069—Driving circuits using a single coil for detection and driving purposes

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT In an electronic device for maintenance of the oscillations of the balance wheel of a timepiece comprising an astable multivibrator supplying current pulses to a coil which is electromechanically coupled with the balance wheel, a negative feedback circuit is provided to avoid a saturation of the astable multivibrator: a new improved and more simple device is provided to avoid this saturation so as to be compact in structure and integrated easily manufactured by integrated circuit techniques.
  • FIGA I ELECTRONIC DEVICE FOR MAINTENANCE OF THE OSCILLATIONS OF A BALANCE WHEEL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • This invention relates generally to electronic devices for maintenance of the oscillations of a balance wheel and more particularly to electronic devices of the type in which a negative feedback circuit is provided to avoid saturation of the transistor drive network.
  • the negative feedback circuits in the known devices are generally complicated in structure and it is very difficult to manufacture them in the form of an integrated circuit.
  • an object of this invention is to provide an electronic device of the described type with a new and improved negative feedback circuit to avoid saturation of the astable multivibrator.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a new negative feedback circuit used in an electronic device of the described type which can be easily manufactured in form of an integrated circuit.
  • the electronic device for maintenance of the oscillations of the balance wheel comprises a negative feedback circuit having at least a transistor connected into the base circuit of the input transistor and being a part of a current generator.
  • the base current of the input transistor can be varied according to the potential appearing at the terminal which is common to the coil and to the output transistor so that the output transistor will never be saturated in static running.
  • FIGS. I and 2 show two embodiments of the device according to this invention.
  • the transistors T and T form a controlled current generator and may be realized in an integrated circuit.
  • FIG. 1 distinguishes from the known embodiments by the elements T T and 5 con nected between the base of the input transistor T, and the negative terminal of the power source, these elements taking the place of a resistor as generally provided in prior circuits.
  • the operating mode of the multivibrator of the coil 4 and the balance wheel is known.
  • the current l has to be considered as coming from a current generator: the ratio 1 is equal to the ratio of the surface of the transistors T and T
  • the respective base-emitter voltage of each of the transistors T and T is the same in value: in this case the base current is proportinal to the surface through which it can have a path, because the specific conductivity value is the same for both of the PN-junctions. If both transistors T and T are formed on the same substrate and at the same time near by each other, but with different surfaces, all the working conditions namely the temperature, the doping of the different layers, etc., are the same so that the collector-current ratio will be equal to the ratio of the transistor surfaces.
  • the current generator is formed by the transistors T T T and T the negative feedback resistor 5 being connected between the common terminal B and the transistor T, which controls the transistor T
  • This transistor T is seriesconnected with a resistor 8.
  • the transistor T is a part of the current generator and the current 1;, is the product of I with the ratio of the surface of the transistors T and T Practically,for the foreseen uses, the value of the resistor 8 can be in order of 10 K0, and this resistor can be integrated with the required accuracy.
  • the value of the resistor 5 is not critical and can be integrated too in spite of the relatively high value of about When the potential at the common terminal B decreases sufficiently, the transistor T becomes conducting, the potential at the base of the transistor T increases and the current generator is blocked. Saturation of the transistor T is thus avoided.
  • An electronic device for maintenance of the oscillations of a balance wheel of a timepiece comprising:
  • a multivibrator including an input transistor and an output transistor, the base of said input transistor and the collector of said output transistor being connected by a capacitor, said multivibrator producing pulses at the collector of said output transistor; a source of operating potential; a coil connected between said potential source and the collector of said output transistor and electromechanically coupled to the balance wheel, said coil receiving applied pulses from said output transistor of said multivibrator for maintaining the periodic oscillations of the balance wheel; and negative feedback means connected at its input to the junction of said coil and the collector of said output transistor and providing an output control signal to the base of said input transistor, said negative feedback means comprising controlled current generator means in the form of a transistor, the collector of which is directly connected to the base of said input transistor for supplying said output control signal to said base of said input transistor, said negative feedback means further comprising controlling network means connected at an input to the junction of said coil and said output transistor and connected at an output to the base of said controlled current generator transistor, said controlling network means being responsive to a decrease in the potential appearing at said junction for controlling
  • controlling network means comprises a resistor, and said interconnected electrodes of said one active element being connected to one side of said resistor and to the base of said current generator transistor; and wherein the other side of said resistor is coupled to said junction between said coil and said output transistor.
  • controlling network means comprises: a first transistor, the base of which is connected through a first resistor to said junction point between said coil and said output transistor; a second transistor, a third transistor, and a fourth transistor, said second transistor having its collector and emitter electrodes connected with the collector and emitter electrodes, re-
  • said first transistor and having its base and collector electrodes connected together to the collector of said third transistor, a second resistor connected between said source of operating potential and the emitter of said fourth transistor, the collector of said fourth transistor being connected to said interconnected electrodes of said active element, whereby said first transistor is connected as a variable resistance in parallel with the emitter-collector circuit of said second transistor, the base of which is connected to the base of said fourth transistor to control its base potential, and the bases of said active element and said third transistors being connected together to the base of the transistor forming said current generator.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
US00345687A 1972-03-28 1973-03-28 Electronic device for maintenance of the oscillations of a balance wheel Expired - Lifetime US3844106A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH456972A CH574637B5 (de) 1972-03-28 1972-03-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3844106A true US3844106A (en) 1974-10-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00345687A Expired - Lifetime US3844106A (en) 1972-03-28 1973-03-28 Electronic device for maintenance of the oscillations of a balance wheel

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3844106A (de)
JP (1) JPS5319220B2 (de)
CH (2) CH456972A4 (de)
DE (1) DE2312140A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2177813B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1418749A (de)
IT (1) IT981520B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4106280A (en) * 1975-03-27 1978-08-15 Hansrichard Schulz Method and apparatus for synchronizing a mechanical oscillating system to the accuracy of a quartz standard

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57188172U (de) * 1981-05-25 1982-11-29
JPS63217288A (ja) * 1987-03-06 1988-09-09 Seikosha Co Ltd 電磁駆動回路

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3530662A (en) * 1967-04-19 1970-09-29 Siemens Ag Electrically controlled timekeeper devices with mechanical oscillators
US3701052A (en) * 1970-07-22 1972-10-24 Itt Method of amplitude control of electromechanical oscillators
US3705362A (en) * 1971-01-16 1972-12-05 Itt Astable multivibrator containing two complementary transistors

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3530662A (en) * 1967-04-19 1970-09-29 Siemens Ag Electrically controlled timekeeper devices with mechanical oscillators
US3701052A (en) * 1970-07-22 1972-10-24 Itt Method of amplitude control of electromechanical oscillators
US3705362A (en) * 1971-01-16 1972-12-05 Itt Astable multivibrator containing two complementary transistors

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4106280A (en) * 1975-03-27 1978-08-15 Hansrichard Schulz Method and apparatus for synchronizing a mechanical oscillating system to the accuracy of a quartz standard

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2177813A1 (de) 1973-11-09
JPS5319220B2 (de) 1978-06-20
DE2312140A1 (de) 1973-10-11
FR2177813B1 (de) 1975-10-31
IT981520B (it) 1974-10-10
CH456972A4 (de) 1975-11-14
CH574637B5 (de) 1976-04-15
GB1418749A (en) 1975-12-24
JPS499278A (de) 1974-01-26

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