Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
  • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
  • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
  • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
  • G03C1/38—Dispersants; Agents facilitating spreading
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
  • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
  • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
  • G03C1/85—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by antistatic additives or coatings

Definitions

• This invention relates to light-sensitive materials such as photographic films and photographic papers and more particularly to a photographic light-sensitive element prepared by adding an N-long chain amidoalkyl quaternary ammonium carboxylic acid betaine derivative to a photographic emulsion as a coating additive for a hydrophilic colloidal coating composition applied on a support such as synthetic films and papers or as an agent to improve the electrical discharge and adhesive properties of the surface of a base film or the surface layer of the applied photographic emulsion.
• cellulose esters synthetic high molecular weight materials such as polystyrene, polycarbonate, and polyethylene terephthalate, glasses, papers, or a paper covered with a poly wolefin are employed as the support in photographic light-sensitive materials.
• a silver halide photographic emulsion layer is either directly applied or applied via a subbing layer.
• a layer to protect the surface of a photographic emulsion layer is applied thereon to prevent the sticking of the surface of the light-sensitive material to the same or different kinds of light-sensitive materials, and damage to the surfaces of light-sensitive materials due to pressure.
• various additives such as a dyestutf, antistatic agent, hardening agent, coupler, and antihalation agent, for example, an antihalation layer, intermediate layer, filter layer, antistatic layer or the like is provided on the support of a photographic film.
• a common photographic light-sensitive material comprises many layers and accordingly, it is necessary that a coating composition described above be uniformly applied in the form of a thin layer without any coating difficulties, such as repelling, at the time of the production of the photographic light-sensitive material.
• gelatin or other colloidal compositions are applied onto a gelatin colloidal layer, it is very ice difficult to obtain the required coating characteristics as compared with the case in which a gelatin colloidal composition is directly applied onto a support, particularly, in the case where an under layer is in a wet and cold state immediately after the application thereof.
• fogging often occurs due to the friction between the emulsion surface and the back surface in the case that a number of printing papers are piled and when an emulsion surface contacts another different substance, for example, a rubber fingerstall which is used to roll up graphic paper.
• saponin has the disadvantages of easily bubbling, shows remarkable fluctuations in its quality for the reason that saponin is a natural product, and has poor characteristics as a coating additive.
• the second object of this invention is to provide a means by which a photographic emulsion or other hydrophilic colloidal composition can be applied on a support at high speed without being accompanied by bubbling, repelling, or other coating troubles.
• R is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, such as an alkyl, alkenyl, etc., group containing from 7 to 21 carbon atoms, inclusive
• R and R are members selected from the group consisting of alkyl radicals, hydroxyalkyl radicals, and polyalkyleneoxide chains each containing from- 1 to 18 carbon atoms, such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, etc.
• R and R each represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom and alkyl radicals containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• n is an integer of 2 or more, most preferably 2 to 10, andxisOto 1.
• CH3 015E310 oNH(0H2),i- I-0H20H2o0H10H2oH CHzCHzCO 0- Compound 5 CH3 011E311 0 ONH(C Hos- 1 L011;
• the resulting product was compound 3. It is soluble in water or alcohol, and the surface tension of a 1% aqueous solution of the compound is 31 dynes/ cm.
• a surface active agent employed in the present invention may be added in an amount of from 0.01 to 50 g. per 1 kg. of a photographic coating composition and, generally, from 0.1 to 5 g. of the surface active agent is suitable.
• the addition of the surface active agent be carried out in the form of a solution which is prepared by dissolving the surface active agent in water, methanol, or other solvents miscible with water.
• the particularly favorable characteristic features obtained by the addition of a surface active agent according to this invention reside in the fact that an extremely uniform coated film can not only be obtained coating at ordinary speed, but also with high speed coating (more than 50 m./min.).
• the effects of an antistatic agent which is added for imparting an antistatic property to the coated film are not deteriorated, and problems such as friction fogging or sticking of printing papers or sensitive materials can be eliminated.
• these surface active agents may be added to the same or different layer of a photographic lightsensitive material than the layer to which the surface active agent of this invention is added.
• the surface active agents according to the present invention may be added to various hydrophilic colloidal coating compositions generally employed in the photographic field and/or non-aqueous coating compositions.
• hydrophilic colloid or binder compositions there are, for example, gelatin, colloidal albumin, polysaccharides, cellulose derivatives, and colloids of synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide. Since the hydrophilic colloid or binder is of secondary importance to the main concepts of the present invention, any of those hydrophilic colloids: as are generally used in the photographic art may be used in the present invention.
• non-aqueous coating compositions comprising an hydrophobic binder such as a water-insoluble polymer, e.g., a polyalkylacrylate, a polyalkylmethacrylate, etc., in an organic solvent, such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethylene chloride, etc.
• an organic solvent such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethylene chloride, etc.
• the nonaqueous coating compositions to which the compound of this invention can be added is quite useful when applied to the surface of photographic supports to provide an antistatic property thereto.
• the surface active agents according to the present invention may be employed with all well-known silver halide emulsions of various compositions which may be chemically sensitized with sulfur, selenium polyalkylene oxides, or compounds containing such materials as a component thereof.
• the emulsions may also be spectrally sensitized with a sensitizing dye such as a cyanine or merocyanine dye.
• the colloidal layer coating compositions applied with the surface active agent of the present invention may contain various photographic hardening agents, for example, inorganic hardening agents such as chromium alum, or chromium acetate, both well known in the art, or organic hardening agents such as formaldehyde, mucochloric acid, active halogen compounds, active vinyl compounds, or ethyleneimine compounds.
• inorganic hardening agents such as chromium alum, or chromium acetate, both well known in the art
• organic hardening agents such as formaldehyde, mucochloric acid, active halogen compounds, active vinyl compounds, or ethyleneimine compounds.
• the photographic light-sensitive elements containing the surface active agents according to this invention may further contain various emulsion stabilizers such as azaindenes, and phenylmercaptotetrazole which are well known, antifogging agents, and other various additives required for producing a photographic light-sensitive element, for example, surface treating agents such as silicone, fluorine-containing compounds, or esters of fatty acids, and various color couplers, dyestuffs, plasticizers, or the like used in a color light-sensitive element.
• various emulsion stabilizers such as azaindenes, and phenylmercaptotetrazole which are well known, antifogging agents, and other various additives required for producing a photographic light-sensitive element, for example, surface treating agents such as silicone, fluorine-containing compounds, or esters of fatty acids, and various color couplers, dyestuffs, plasticizers, or the like used in a color light-sensitive element.
• EXAMPLE 1 A series of emulsions was prepared by adding the compound according to the present invention or a comparative compound as a coating additive to 1 kg. of a sensitive negative photographic emulsion containing 7% by Weight (unless otherwise indicated, percent is by weight hereinafter) gelatin and 8% silver iodobromide at the ratio set out in Table 1.
• Each emulsion thus prepared was applied to a triacetyl cellulose support which had been preliminary subbed.
• composition for a surface protecting layer prepared by adding 200 mg. of saponin to 1 kg. of a 2.5% aqueous gelatin solution was applied thereon and, for the resulting surface protecting layer, the comet number and critical speed were examined.
• the term means a spot-like thin coated portion formed by tailing of the coating composition.
• Critical speed The maximum speed at which a gelatin solution for a protecting layer can be uniformly applied onto an emulsion layer is the critical speed for the protecting layer.
• Example 1 thus shows the surface properties of the layer containing the compound of this invention are improved, and that the layer (gelatin layer) which is coated on the surface thereof can be coated without repelling.
• EXAMPLE 2 Firstly, a photographic emulsion was prepared by adding 5 ml. of a 4% aqueous solution of saponin as a coating additive to 1 kg. of a sensitive emulsion for X-ray photography containing 9% gelatin and 9% silver halide.
• composition for a surface protecting layer was prepared by adding 100 ml. of a 10% aqueous solution of saponin as an antistatic agent and 10 ml. of a 2.5 aqueous solution of compound 1 of the present invention as a coating additive to 1 kg. of a 7% gelatin solution.
• the photographic emulsion and the coating composition were concurrently applied on a triacetyl cellulose support on which a subbing layer was preliminarily applied so as to form dried films of a thickness of 5 and 1 respectively, in accordance with the multiple layer coating method.
• the layers thus applied were subjected to cold setting and then dried.
• composition for a surface protecting layer was prepared in a manner similar to that described above eX- cept for adding no compound of this invention as a coating additive. Furthermore, other compositions for use as a surface protecting layer were prepared in a manner similar to that described above except for adding three kinds of well-known coating additives instead of the compounds of the present invention.
• the repellence number is calculated by counting the number of repellencies per unit square of coating.
• the compound according to this invention is not only excellent as a coating additive, but also will not deteriorate the antistatic property and is rather improved even in the case when an antistatic agent having a low surface activity such as saponin is jointly used. Furthermore, there were no unfavorable effects on the photographic properties due to the addition of the compound according to this invention.
• EXAMPLE 3 A photographic emulsion was prepared by adding 5 ml. of a 4% aqueous solution of saponin as a coating additive to 1 kg. of silver iodobromide emulsion containing a coupler together with dibutyl phthalate. The emulsion thus prepared was applied onto a triacetyl cellulose support on which a subbing layer had been preliminarily applied. The emulsion had a dried film thickness of 3 Further, a composition consisting of 50 parts of gelatin, 6 parts of a dyestuff and 5 parts of a mordant was diluted with water so that the content of gelatin was 1. 6% by weight.
• EXAMPLE 4 An antistatic composition having the following composition was applied to a polyethylene terephthalate film support having a thickness of 0.1 mm. and dried (dried film thickness 0.2g).
• Antistatic composition G.
• the surface resistivity of the back surface of the film measured at 30% RH was 8X10 ohm. This result was low as compared to the surface resistivity (8X10 ohm) of an untreated film, and an excellent antistatic effect was thus observed.
• EXAMPLE 5 A photographic emulsion was prepared by adding 25 ml. of a 2% methanol solution of compound 3 of the present invention, a color scnsitizer, antifogging agent, fluorescent brightening agent, hardening agent, and matting agent at art recognized quantities to 1 kg. of a silver haldie photographic emulsion containing 5% silver chlorobromide, including 50 mo] percent of silver bromide, and 6% gelatin.
• the photographic emulsion thus prepared was applied onto a photographic baryta paper weighing 85 g./m. in such a manner that the quantity of silver chlorobromide was 2.5 g./m.
• the emulsion was dried to produce a photographic paper.
• each photographic paper thus treated was dried by the use of an MD-2 type dryer for copying photographic paper (manufactured by Iapou Kabushiki Kaisha) at a temperature of 95 C. for 40-80 seconds in such a manner that the emulsion surface of the photographic paper was caused to closely contact the cloth belt of the dryer.
• an MD-2 type dryer for copying photographic paper manufactured by Iapou Kabushiki Kaisha
• the photographic paper including the compound of the present invention was dried without sticking to the cloth belt, but the photographic papers of the comparative samples dried and stuck to the cloth belt.
• EXAMPLE 6 A series of photographic emulsions were prepared by adding a compound of the present invention or a comparative compound as shown in Table 4 in the quantity indicated in the same table. Further, a color sensitizer, antifogging agent, fluorescent brightening agent, hardening agent, and matting agent at art utilized quantities were added to 1 kg. of a photographic silver bromide emulsion containing 5% silver bromide and 15% gelatin.
• Each photographic emulsion thus prepared was applied onto a photographic baryta paper (150 g./m. weight) in such a manner that the quantity of silver bromide was 3 g./m. The emulsion was then dried to produce a photographic paper.
• each resulting photographic paper was treated as described in Example 5. Then, each treated photographic paper was dried employing the same dryer as in Example 5 at 8095 C. for 80-180 seconds in such a manner that the emulsion surface of the photographic paper closely contacted the cloth belt of the dryer.
• EXAMPLE 7 A series of emulsions were prepared by adding a compound according to this invention or a comparative compound as shown in Table 5 at a quantity as indicated in the same table. Further, a sensitizing dye, antifogging agent, fluorescent brightening agent, hardening agent, and matting agent at art recognized quantities were added to 1 kg. of a silver halide photographic emulsion containing 7.5% gelatin and 7.5 of silver chlorobromide including 30 mol percent of silver bromide.
• Each photographic emulsion thus prepared was applied onto a photographic baryta paper (paper weight 55 g./ m?) in such a manner that the quantity of silver chlorobromide was 2 g./m. The emulsion was then dried to produce a photographic paper.
• a stainless steel needle having a pointed end of a hemispherical shape was weighted at 10 g., 50 g., 100 g., 200 g., 300 g., 400 g. and 500 g.
• the pointed end of the needle was caused to contact the emulsion surface of each sample to be examined, and the pointed end of the needle was moved at a speed of 10 cm./ sec. across the emulsion while in contact therewith.
• each sample thus treated was subjected to ordi nary developing and fixing treatments and, as a result, the degree of friction fogging occurring in connection with each amount of weighting was examined.
• R is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group containing from 7 to 21 carbon atoms, inclusive
• R and R are members selected from the group consisting of alkyl radicals, hydroxyalkyl radicals, and polyalkyleneoxide chains each containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, inclusive
• R and R each represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom and alkyl radicals containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, inclusive
• n is an integer of 2 or more
• x is 0 or 1

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
• Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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ID=13682904

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (13)

Families Citing this family (2)

• 1971
  • 1971-10-08 JP JP46079185A patent/JPS505048B2/ja not_active Expired
• 1972
  • 1972-10-05 US US00295326A patent/US3843368A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1972-10-06 GB GB4634472A patent/GB1399488A/en not_active Expired
  • 1972-10-09 DE DE2249471A patent/DE2249471A1/de not_active Ceased

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