US3842582A - Apparatus and process for imparting twist to filamentary material - Google Patents

Apparatus and process for imparting twist to filamentary material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3842582A
US3842582A US00316242A US31624272A US3842582A US 3842582 A US3842582 A US 3842582A US 00316242 A US00316242 A US 00316242A US 31624272 A US31624272 A US 31624272A US 3842582 A US3842582 A US 3842582A
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United States
Prior art keywords
filamentary material
yarn
zone
rolls
teeth
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00316242A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Richter
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Leesona Corp
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Leesona Corp
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Publication date
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Priority to US00316242A priority Critical patent/US3842582A/en
Priority to GB5707673A priority patent/GB1453290A/en
Priority to DE2362354A priority patent/DE2362354A1/de
Priority to JP48140244A priority patent/JPS4994958A/ja
Priority to FR7345124A priority patent/FR2210682B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3842582A publication Critical patent/US3842582A/en
Assigned to JOHN BROWN INDUSTRIES LTD., A CORP. OF DE. reassignment JOHN BROWN INDUSTRIES LTD., A CORP. OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: LEESONA CORPORATION; 333 STRAWBERRY FIELD RD., WARWICK, RI. A CORP. OF MA.
Assigned to LEESONA CORPORATION reassignment LEESONA CORPORATION CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE DATE 3-31-81 STATE OF DELAWARE Assignors: JOHN BROWN INDUSTRIES LTD.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/04—Devices for imparting false twist
    • D02G1/08—Rollers or other friction causing elements

Definitions

  • the rolls in such embodiment are mounted in angular relationship to each other so as to permit the teeth of respective rolls to engage opposite sides of a filamentary piece of material passing between said rolls at opposite sides and at successive points therealong.
  • Such contact along successive opposite portions of the yarn causes the yarn to take a continuous and essentially stable path between the rolls and enables a positive grip to be imparted to the yarn thereby overcoming the torque imparted to the yarn as a frictional twist component of the meshed teeth.
  • the apparatus of the present invention may thus be characterized as a friction twist head and its method of operation a process for imparting false twist to filamentary material by frictional contact.
  • Friction twisting in its commercial form involves an element generally in the shape of a donut mounted in a false twist spindle capable of rotation about its longitudinal axis.
  • the element engages a strand of yarn and imparts a plurality of turns of twist to the yarn for each revolution of the spindle.
  • fluid twisting by high velocity fluid or gas streams a strand of yarn enters a small chamber, high velocity gas is injected into this chamber to produce a high-speed rotating gas stream which imparts twist to the yarn.
  • Such prior devices have presented increasing problems especially at the high yarn speeds needed for economic yarn processing. For example it is recognized that the speed at which yarn may be processed by pin twisting is dependent upon the speed of the twist head.
  • Twist heads which are commercially available require extremely high rotational speeds and thus place undue strain upon bearing capacities in order to achieve such commercialy acceptable operational speeds of processed yarn.
  • TPl twists per inch
  • Such speeds are not presently achievable and even those speeds now achievable in the range of 200,000 to 500,000 RPM impart high bearing strain with resultant undesirably high replacement costs.
  • Fluid twisting is generally costly due to gas (air) consumption and is prone to irregularity in yarn uniformlty.
  • the disclosed invention avoids the abovementioned disadvantages and comprises methods and apparatus for imparting false twist to a running textile strand by combining a twist and feeding action into one single unit.
  • the feeding action results in no significant slippage between multiple twisting and feeding elements and the strand of yarn, since both the feed and twist components are simultaneously utilized and act upon the yarn to grip the same.
  • the twisting friction elements preferably move at a speed wherein the feed and twist components thereof are respectively matched with the yarn speed and the twist level desired.
  • the multiple grip of the friction twisting elements avoids slippage between the strand and the friction elements in a direction perpendicular to the running strand. This results in a constant twist level, independent of the yarn speed, a constant tension, independent of the yarn speed, and a minimum amount of wear on the friction-feeding elements.
  • FIG. I is a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention utilizing opposed rollers and including an illustrative means for rotating such rollers in relationship to each other,
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view on an enlarged scale taken along the lines 2-2 in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view taken along a plane intersecting the yarn path between the rollers and depicting in particular the relationship and effect of the roller teeth upon the yarn.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view similar to FIG. 3 but emphasises the parallel mating of the teeth of hyper bolic rolls.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic showing of a portion of yarn being processed by the apparatus of the rresent invention and shows in particular the forces imparted thereto by the rolling action of the yarn contacting members.
  • F IG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a false twist machine in which the friction spindle of the present invention has utility.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic showing of the vector forces imparted to the yarn as it is processed by the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic showing of the vector forces imparted by a single yarn engaging member for a finite time increment and shown the relative distances travelled by the yarn (1-2) and the member (1-2) in that time increment.
  • FIG. 9 is a fragmentary plan view of an embodiment of the present invention utilizing opposed endless belts wherein the direction of travel of such belts and the yarn driven thereby are shown by the respective arrows.
  • FIG. 10 is a fragmentary crosssectional view on an enlarged scale of FIG. 9 taken along the yarn path.
  • a friction spindle 10 is depicted and in part is comprised of rolls 12 and 12' of essentially similar construction and arranged in cooperative relationship with each other so as to provide friction twisting contact with a yarn passed therebetween in a manner which will be more clearly hereinafter brought out.
  • Each roll 12 and 12' is comprised of a cylindrical shell 14 provided with a series of upstanding teeth 16 of the outer surface thereof.
  • the teeth 16 are disposed parallel to each other and in the particular embodiment shown at a 45 angle to the longitudinal outer surface of the rolls l2 and 12'.
  • Such teeth 16 terminate at either end thereof in a butting relationship to a flange member 18 mounted on opposite ends thereof.
  • the surface of the teeth 16 are machined or otherwise formed so as to present a helical surface contour.
  • the upper portion of the teeth 16 are further provided with members 20 formed of material such as rubber suitable for engagement with portions of yarn passing thereacross. Such members 20 may be snap engaged into grooves (not shown) provided in the outer surfaces of the teeth 16 or may be otherwise connected thereto as by adhesive means.
  • FIG. 2 of the drawing the disposition of the rolls to each other is best shown as the teeth 16 are disposed at a 45 angle across the face of the rolls 12 and 12, the further disposition of the axes of such rolls 12 and 12 at a angle to each other will place those teeth of the rolls l2 and 12' which are opposed to each other in parallel interdigital relation, when the rolls are synchronously driven at the same surface speeds.
  • the angle of disposition of rolls to each other being determined by the general formula minus 2 .1: wherein x is the angle at which the teeth are disposed to the rolls.
  • the rolls are also mounted as will hereinafter be apparent so that the yarn engaging members 20 at their points of closest opposition to each other are separated by a distance at least equal to and preferably greater than the yarn thickness being processed. While it should be brought out that the opposed teeth are exact parallel relation only at the point of intersection between the central planes of the rolls, teeth portions removed and teeth adjacent such point approximate such parallel positioning and thus enable interdigertation of opposed teeth with each other so that a yarn 22 directed in a path between and normal to such teeth will be engaged by a plurality of members 20 at spaced points on opposite sides thereof. It will be thus apparent the teeth of the rolls do not pinch the yarn 22 but rather engage and roll the yarn so as to impart a twist thereto. In addition to the twist component, an anditional forward motion component is imparted ot the yarn and may serve to drive the yarn through the twisting device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 of the drawings The motion components imparted to the yarn Y are illustrated by FIG. 5 of the drawings wherein the twist component is represented by the letter T and forward motion component by the letter F.
  • the relative amount of twist and forward motion components imparted to any particular yam Y is dependent upon the angular disposition (angle 0) of the meshed members in regard to their driving supports, e.g., rolls l2, 12, or belts (not shown) which in turn determines the relation of the yarn path to such motion imparting driving supports.
  • This angle is the helix angle of the teeth when the driving supports are the helical gears shown in FIG. 2 of the drawings.
  • each roll 12 and 12' is provided internally with a web member 24 having a central opening 26 therethrough for receipt of an upstanding boss 28 in turn connected to a shaft 30 supported for rotation in housing 32 by means of a gear 34 mounted on the bottom end thereof.
  • gear 34 meshes with gear 36 which in turn is driven through shaft 38 by means of a belt 40.
  • the belt 40 in turn is connected to means (not shown) for rotating the shaft 41 of the roller 12' at the same speed and in a similar manner to the rotation of the previous roller 12.
  • the direction of rotation of both rollers is indicated in FIG. 1 of the drawings which enable the opposed teeth of such rollers 12 to interdigitate in the manner above described.
  • yarn 22 to be processed is fed from a supply 44 through guide 46 by means of feed rolls 48 through a heater 50 to the spindle 10 where twist is imparted thereto and then through take up rolls 52 to a take up package 54.
  • this overall process is well known in the art and essentially involves the use of the lower feed rolls as a twist stop so that twist imparted to the yarn between these rolls and the spindle is permitted to build up by reason of the softening effect thereon in the heater and is thereafter fixed or set by the action of a cooling zone located between the spindle and the heater as the twisted yarn emerges from the heater.
  • the spindle 10 of the present invention imparts twist to the yarn 22 as it passes from the heater and is thereafter guided normally across the meshed teeth 16 of rolls l2 and 12' by means of guides 42, in a diagonal path normal to the teeth from the lower left side to the upper right side of the upright roll as shown in FIG. 1 of the drawings.
  • FIG. 5 of the drawings Such twist and forward motion components imparted to the yarn by the subject process is illustrated in FIG. 5 of the drawings wherein Y represents a segment of yarn at the approximate midpoint of coaction between opposed teeth 16 and T the twist or rolling force component imparted thereto and F the forward or linear motion component thereof.
  • Y represents a segment of yarn at the approximate midpoint of coaction between opposed teeth 16 and T the twist or rolling force component imparted thereto and F the forward or linear motion component thereof.
  • the yarn engaging surfaces or members of the interdigitating teeth 16 do not pinch but roll the yarn and since the yarn is engaged at a plurality of spaced locations on opposite sides thereof, the yarn in effect becomes positively grasped or gripped and twist is imparted thereto by the above described rolling action as the yarn is simultaneously moved linearly through the processing zone.
  • Such action is believed to be enhanced by reason of the greater degree of wrap of the yarn over the contacting members brought about by reason of the interdigitation of such members.
  • Such positive grasping of the yarn enables the twist device of the present process to itself operate at low speeds while imparting high twist to yarns running at commercially acceptable high yarn speeds since it is not necessary as in prior art friction twisting devices to overdrive the engaging surface far in excess of theoretical values due to the high degree of slippage present in such devices and inherently necessary for operation of such devices.
  • the present friction spindle imparts twist to the yarn without necessitating slip between the yarn and its contacting surface and thus to a great part additionally eliminate slippage and the attendent wear slippage causes upon the yarn contacting surfaces of prior art devices.
  • the present device thus provides resultant twist at values approaching theoretical values determined from the analysis of the forces imparted thereto in distinct contrast to prior art friction twisters (bushing or donut style) where slippage between the yam is inherent and wherein all kinds of added factors such as yarn finish and tension affect the resultant twist lever.
  • While the friction spindle of the present invention may be utilized to itself feed yarn in addition to its twisting action, such feed ability is not necessary when used with commercially available false twist equipment since yarn feed and take up means are already provided thereon and thus serve to feed and tension the yarn being processed. However it is preferable to coordinate the spindle speeds with those of the feed and take up rolls so that the axial forces imparted to the yarn approximate the actual axial direction speed imparted thereto by the feed and take up rolls.
  • Apparatus for imparting twist to filamentary mate rial comprising:
  • each of said members provided with parallel projections along a surface thereof
  • Apparatus for imparting twist to filamentary material comprising a pair of rolls, said rolls mounted with the longitudinal axis of each roll in non-parallel angular relationship to each other, the circumferential surface of each of said rolls provided with equidistant parallel teeth projecting therefrom and in angular relation to the axis of each said roll, the teeth of one said roll meshed in non contacting relationship with the teeth of the other of said rolls, said teeth being spaced apart from each other at their points of closest opposition by a distance slightly greater than the thickness of said filamentary material means for directing filamentary material across said teeth and generally normal thereto a plurality of said teeth contacting said filamentary material at spaced locations on opposite sides thereof,
  • a process for imparting twist to filamentary material comprising directing said filamentary material into a zone comprising opposed surfaces spaced apart from each other at their points of closest opposition by a distance slightly greater than the thickness of said filamentary material,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
US00316242A 1972-12-18 1972-12-18 Apparatus and process for imparting twist to filamentary material Expired - Lifetime US3842582A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00316242A US3842582A (en) 1972-12-18 1972-12-18 Apparatus and process for imparting twist to filamentary material
GB5707673A GB1453290A (en) 1972-12-18 1973-12-10 Yarn handling devices and methods
DE2362354A DE2362354A1 (de) 1972-12-18 1973-12-14 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zwirnen von fadenmaterial
JP48140244A JPS4994958A (fr) 1972-12-18 1973-12-14
FR7345124A FR2210682B1 (fr) 1972-12-18 1973-12-17

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00316242A US3842582A (en) 1972-12-18 1972-12-18 Apparatus and process for imparting twist to filamentary material

Publications (1)

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US3842582A true US3842582A (en) 1974-10-22

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US00316242A Expired - Lifetime US3842582A (en) 1972-12-18 1972-12-18 Apparatus and process for imparting twist to filamentary material

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US (1) US3842582A (fr)
JP (1) JPS4994958A (fr)
DE (1) DE2362354A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2210682B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1453290A (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4012897A (en) * 1974-03-02 1977-03-22 Ogura Jewel Industry Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for twisting yarns
US4130983A (en) * 1976-03-27 1978-12-26 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Yarn spinning apparatus and process
US4442663A (en) * 1981-12-11 1984-04-17 Murata Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Belt-operated false-twisting unit
AT382400B (de) * 1981-12-01 1987-02-25 Fehrer Ernst Vorrichtung zum herstellen eines garnes aus einer verstreckten faserlunte
US5551225A (en) * 1993-08-06 1996-09-03 Murata Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for suppressing fluff in spun yarn
US5699661A (en) * 1994-07-15 1997-12-23 Murata Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Spinning apparatus and method for producing a false twisted spurn yarn

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4012897A (en) * 1974-03-02 1977-03-22 Ogura Jewel Industry Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for twisting yarns
US4130983A (en) * 1976-03-27 1978-12-26 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Yarn spinning apparatus and process
AT382400B (de) * 1981-12-01 1987-02-25 Fehrer Ernst Vorrichtung zum herstellen eines garnes aus einer verstreckten faserlunte
US4442663A (en) * 1981-12-11 1984-04-17 Murata Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Belt-operated false-twisting unit
US5551225A (en) * 1993-08-06 1996-09-03 Murata Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for suppressing fluff in spun yarn
US5699661A (en) * 1994-07-15 1997-12-23 Murata Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Spinning apparatus and method for producing a false twisted spurn yarn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1453290A (en) 1976-10-20
FR2210682A1 (fr) 1974-07-12
FR2210682B1 (fr) 1979-05-04
DE2362354A1 (de) 1974-06-20
JPS4994958A (fr) 1974-09-09

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AS Assignment

Owner name: JOHN BROWN INDUSTRIES LTD.; 100 WEST TENTH ST., WI

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:LEESONA CORPORATION; 333 STRAWBERRY FIELD RD., WARWICK, RI. A CORP. OF MA.;REEL/FRAME:003936/0206

Effective date: 19810501

AS Assignment

Owner name: LEESONA CORPORATION

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:JOHN BROWN INDUSTRIES LTD.;REEL/FRAME:003936/0238

Effective date: 19810331