US3840304A - Screen-like liquid stream forming device for determining concentration - Google Patents

Screen-like liquid stream forming device for determining concentration Download PDF

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Publication number
US3840304A
US3840304A US00298445A US29844572A US3840304A US 3840304 A US3840304 A US 3840304A US 00298445 A US00298445 A US 00298445A US 29844572 A US29844572 A US 29844572A US 3840304 A US3840304 A US 3840304A
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United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
slit
flow regulating
screen
stream
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00298445A
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English (en)
Inventor
V Hirafuji
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/10—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a liquid developer
    • G03G15/104—Preparing, mixing, transporting or dispensing developer
    • G03G15/105—Detection or control means for the toner concentration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/2813—Producing thin layers of samples on a substrate, e.g. smearing, spinning-on
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device for forming a screen-like liquid stream for determining the concentration of a liquid.
  • An object of the invention is-to provide device for forming a screen-like liquid stream for determining the concentration of a liquid by a simple and inexpensive construction which obviates the disadvantages of the prior art methods using a transparent tube or a U- shaped frame.
  • the presentinvention contemplates the provision of a stream-forming device comprising a plurality of liquid flow regulating members each having a liquid flow regulating surface, the liquid flow regulating surfaces of the regulating members being disposed close to each other in face-to-face relationship and defining therebetween a slit serving as a discharging port through which a stream of liquid is discharged to form ascreen-like stream from which the concentration of the liquid can be readily and positively determined.
  • a device which is of simple and inexpensive construction and which permits a uniform screen-like liquid stream continuously to be formedat. all times from which the level of concentration to be determined can be readily adjusted by varying the dimension of the slit when the reference concentration of the liquid is changed.
  • the invention When the invention is incorporated in electrographic duplication equipment, it permits the concentration of all types of developing liquid to be determined accurately.
  • An ordinary developing liquid containing a high concentration toner obtained by kneading a toner and a resin in a solvent at a high concentration at a rate of 0.5 to 5.0 grams per 1 literofasupporting liquid can have its concentration readily determined by this device; Even a higher concentration developing liquid,- containing a high concentration toner at a rate of 5 to 200 'gramsper 1 liter of a supportingliquid (adapted to- ".be usedfor developing an electrostatic latent image of low surface potential or for use in an electrographic duplicating method including a transfer printing step),
  • FIG. 1 is'a frontview of a device'for forming a screen-like liquid flow for'deterrnining concentration, enibodyingthe present invention in a particular form;
  • FIG. 2 is aibottom plan view'of the deviceshown in FIG. I;
  • I I FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the-device shown in FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the screen-like liquid flow'forming device of the invention;
  • FIG. 5 is'a side view, with certain parts being broken away, of still another embodiment of the screen-like I liquid flow forming device of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a bottom plan view of the device shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is aside view, with certain parts being broken away, of a further embodiment of the screen like liquid flow forming device of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view'of the device shown in FIG. 7; 1
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional side view of a concentration determining device incorporating an embodiment of the present inventiontherein and FIG. 10 is a wiring diagram of a concentration determining circuit adapted foruse in the'device shown in FIG.9.'
  • FIG. l a'tubular, member'Pis used as aconduit 1.
  • the liquid flow is regulated by'the liquid flow regulating members 21) and 2c cooperating with the slit 3 and discharged through the discharging port 2a as a screen-like liquid stream 4.
  • the widthwise expanse of the screen-like liquid stream 4 is only limited by lines A and B tangential to innersides of liquid flow guides 2d and 2e respectively for guiding the liquid stream on opposite ends of thedischarging port 2a.
  • the screen-like liquid stream B is fairly in good shape when opposite edges of the discharging port 20 are horizontal. However, it has been found that, if the end edges of the discharging port 2a are rounded by cutting inwardly along a dash-and-dot line C shown in FIG. ,1
  • the screen-like liquid stream 4 has an effective area S of about 12 millimeters.
  • the screen-like liquid flow forming device 2 is shown as having its guide members 2d and 2e formed to diverge outwardly downwardly.
  • This form of guide members permits opposite end portions of the liquid stream 4 to flow in the direction'of arrows with a greater vigor, thereby improving theshape of the screen-like liquid stream.
  • the screen-like'flow forming device 2 shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 has in place of the slit 3, a slit 6 formed at the discharging port 2a to include larger width portions 60 and 6b at opposite ends.
  • This arrangement offers the same advantage as the arrangement shown in FIG. 4.
  • the liquid flow regulating surfaces of the liquid flow regulating members 2b and 2c are each formed thereon with a water-repellent coat 7 of a fluorine resin or silicone resin or a metal applied by plating over a considerably large area.
  • the coat 7 can be provided in all the embodiments of the invention.
  • the liquid flow regulating members may be made of metal or other electrically conducting material, and a bias voltage having a polarity opposite to the polarity of the toner may be impressed thereon as shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 there is'shown a slit 6 of the same shape as the slit shown in FIG. 5 which is formed by pressing a lower portion of; the tubular member-P made of plastic or otherflexible material by means of an immovable bolster member 8 and a movable presser member 9. v
  • a screw 11 is loosely fitted in the pressure member 9, and is threadably connected to an immovable support member 10. By moving the screw 11, it is possible to adjust the force with which the presser member 9 presses against the bolster member 8, thereby permitting the width of the slit 6 to be adjusted. This enables adjustments of the width of the slit to be varied readily when the reference level of concentration is changed.
  • FIG. 9 shows a concentration determining device, incorporatingthe' screen-like liquid flow forming device 2 according to this invention, for illuminating the I screen-like liquid stream 4 formed thereby and measur ing the intensity of light passing through the screen-like liquid stream 4 by means of photoelectric transducer elements.
  • a housing 22 comprises a chamber 22a for mounting therein the device 2, a chamber 220 mounting therein a light source lamp and maintained in communication with the chamber 22a through a window 22b formed in awall separating the two chambers 22a and 22c from each other, and a chamber 22e disposed above the chamber 22c and maintained in com munication therewith through a window 22d formed in a wall separating the two chambers 22c and 22e from each other.
  • the chamber 22a is completely out off from the chamber 22e,'and afilter 23 showing a reference concentration indicating the standard for comparison is mounted in the window 22d.
  • An opening 22f is formed in a portion of a wallof the chamber 22a corresponding to the window 22b in the opposite wall for mounting therein a photoelectric
  • the screw 11 can be connected to a motor 12 which 7 'thescreen-like liquid stream 4 and on the other ha'nd through the window 22d to be incident'on the filter 23.
  • the light passing through the screen-like liquid stream 4 is incident on the photoelectric transducer element 24 while the light passing through the filter 23 is incident onthe photoelectric transducer element 25.
  • the screen-like liquid stream forming device 2 may be mounted in the chamber 22a by inserting the tubular member P in an opening formed in a top wall of the casing and threadably or otherwise connected therein. When the device 2 is.
  • the screen-like liquid stream 4 may be permitted to flow directly into the chamber 220.
  • the two photoelectric transducer elements 24 and 25 1 onwhich the light passing through the screen-like liquid stream .4and light passing through the filter 23 are incident respectively are built. in a bridge circuit together with resistors 27 and 28 as shown in FIG. 10 in which a transistor 29 includes a base connected to the resistor 27 and a collector connected to a power source 31 through a relay 30.'Connections D and E in upper and lowerportions of the bridge as, shown are. connected to a power source 32 which impresses a voltage on the base of the transistor 29 when the bridge becomes unbalanced.
  • the transistor 29 is fired and a current flows from the power source3l to the relay 30. This closes contact s 30d and 30b andactu'ate's an electromagnet 33 connected ,thereto and adapted to close l and-open'a valve (notshown) for delivering a supplyof concentrated toner or other solute so as to automatically adjust the concentration of the liquid.
  • the motor 12 shownin FIG. 7 may be connected to the relay to be controlled thereby.
  • the tubular member may be made of metal, plastic or other suitable material for making a flexible tube.
  • a screen-like liquid stream forming device for determining concentration comprising a plurality of liquid flow regulating members each having a liquid flow regulating surface, said liquid flow regulating surfaces being disposed close to each other in face-to-face relationship to define therebetween a slit serving as a discharging port through which a stream of liquid is discharged and forms a screen-like liquid stream below the slit, wherein said plurality of liquid flow regulating members have a width which becomes larger in going from the upstream portions of the flow regulating members toward the discharging port to thereby define a slit whose width diverges in going towards the discharging port.
  • said plurality of liquid flow regulating members are made of an electrically conducting material and have a bias voltage impressed thereon, said bias voltage having a polarity opposite to that of a toner.
  • a device as set forth in claim 1 wherein said plurality of liquid flow regulating members are made of a flexible material and formed integrally as a flexible tubular member having an outlet end, andfurther including presser means for compressing said tubular member adjacent said outlet end to form said slit.
  • said presser means comprises a movable presser member and an immovable bolster member,and further including a motor connected to said presser member for adjusting the width of the slit.
  • a device for forming a screen-like stream of liquid comprising 1 a. conduit means for conducting a flow of liquid and toward the outlet port.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Wet Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
US00298445A 1971-10-20 1972-10-17 Screen-like liquid stream forming device for determining concentration Expired - Lifetime US3840304A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP46083045A JPS4848133A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-10-20 1971-10-20

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US3840304A true US3840304A (en) 1974-10-08

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US00298445A Expired - Lifetime US3840304A (en) 1971-10-20 1972-10-17 Screen-like liquid stream forming device for determining concentration

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3840304A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4848133A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA997591A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2251344C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2157580A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1389116A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3984786A (en) * 1975-05-28 1976-10-05 Jersey Nuclear-Avco Isotopes, Inc. Nozzle for free jet dye laser
DE2912920A1 (de) * 1978-04-04 1979-10-18 Gow Mac Instrument Co Detektor fuer optische kurzstrecken
WO1987006697A1 (en) * 1986-04-24 1987-11-05 Pacific Scientific Company Particle counter air inlet assembly
US5033851A (en) * 1989-05-30 1991-07-23 Pacific Scientific Company Light scattering method and apparatus for detecting particles in liquid sample
WO1995005594A1 (en) * 1993-08-19 1995-02-23 Venturedyne Limited Particle sensor with low-pressure-drop air flow system
US20050269328A1 (en) * 2002-11-20 2005-12-08 Graham Packaging Company, L.P. Self-adjusting re-sealable spring center closure
US20080175297A1 (en) * 2005-02-14 2008-07-24 Neumann Information Systems, Inc Two phase reactor
US20090279071A1 (en) * 2006-06-29 2009-11-12 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Spectroscopic detector and method for determining the presence of blood and biological marker substances in liquids
US20100011956A1 (en) * 2005-02-14 2010-01-21 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Gas liquid contactor and effluent cleaning system and method
US20100089232A1 (en) * 2005-02-14 2010-04-15 Neumann Systems Group, Inc Liquid contactor and method thereof
US20100092368A1 (en) * 2005-02-14 2010-04-15 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Indirect and direct method of sequestering contaminates
US20110061530A1 (en) * 2005-02-14 2011-03-17 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Apparatus and method thereof

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4984450A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-12-19 1974-08-14
JPS5242781A (en) * 1975-10-01 1977-04-02 Dainippon Toryo Co Ltd Test solution tank for turbidmeter
JPS5564754U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1979-11-13 1980-05-02

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3984786A (en) * 1975-05-28 1976-10-05 Jersey Nuclear-Avco Isotopes, Inc. Nozzle for free jet dye laser
DE2912920A1 (de) * 1978-04-04 1979-10-18 Gow Mac Instrument Co Detektor fuer optische kurzstrecken
WO1987006697A1 (en) * 1986-04-24 1987-11-05 Pacific Scientific Company Particle counter air inlet assembly
US4746215A (en) * 1986-04-24 1988-05-24 Pacific Scientific Company Particle counter air inlet assembly
US5033851A (en) * 1989-05-30 1991-07-23 Pacific Scientific Company Light scattering method and apparatus for detecting particles in liquid sample
WO1995005594A1 (en) * 1993-08-19 1995-02-23 Venturedyne Limited Particle sensor with low-pressure-drop air flow system
US5515164A (en) * 1993-08-19 1996-05-07 Venturedyne Limited Particle sensor with low-pressure-drop air flow system
US5600438A (en) * 1993-08-19 1997-02-04 Venturedyne, Ltd. Particle sensor with variable-speed blower
USRE37353E1 (en) 1993-08-19 2001-09-04 Venturedyne, Ltd. Particle sensor with variable-speed blower
US20050269328A1 (en) * 2002-11-20 2005-12-08 Graham Packaging Company, L.P. Self-adjusting re-sealable spring center closure
US7225945B2 (en) 2002-11-20 2007-06-05 Graham Packaging Company, Lp Self-adjusting re-sealable spring center closure
US7866638B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2011-01-11 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Gas liquid contactor and effluent cleaning system and method
US8105419B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2012-01-31 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Gas liquid contactor and effluent cleaning system and method
US20100011956A1 (en) * 2005-02-14 2010-01-21 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Gas liquid contactor and effluent cleaning system and method
US20100089232A1 (en) * 2005-02-14 2010-04-15 Neumann Systems Group, Inc Liquid contactor and method thereof
US20100092368A1 (en) * 2005-02-14 2010-04-15 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Indirect and direct method of sequestering contaminates
US20080175297A1 (en) * 2005-02-14 2008-07-24 Neumann Information Systems, Inc Two phase reactor
US7871063B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2011-01-18 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Two phase reactor
US20110061530A1 (en) * 2005-02-14 2011-03-17 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Apparatus and method thereof
US20110072968A1 (en) * 2005-02-14 2011-03-31 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Apparatus and method thereof
US8864876B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2014-10-21 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Indirect and direct method of sequestering contaminates
US8088292B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2012-01-03 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Method of separating at least two fluids with an apparatus
US8814146B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2014-08-26 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Two phase reactor
US8113491B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2012-02-14 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Gas-liquid contactor apparatus and nozzle plate
US8216346B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2012-07-10 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Method of processing gas phase molecules by gas-liquid contact
US8216347B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2012-07-10 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Method of processing molecules with a gas-liquid contactor
US8262777B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2012-09-11 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Method for enhancing a gas liquid contactor
US8668766B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2014-03-11 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Gas liquid contactor and method thereof
US8323381B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2012-12-04 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Two phase reactor
US8336863B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2012-12-25 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Gas liquid contactor and effluent cleaning system and method
US8398059B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2013-03-19 Neumann Systems Group, Inc. Gas liquid contactor and method thereof
US8269953B2 (en) 2006-06-29 2012-09-18 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Spectroscopic detector and method for determining the presence of blood and biological marker substances in liquids
US20090279071A1 (en) * 2006-06-29 2009-11-12 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Spectroscopic detector and method for determining the presence of blood and biological marker substances in liquids
US8054452B2 (en) * 2006-06-29 2011-11-08 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Spectroscopic detector and method for determining the presence of blood and biological marker substances in liquids
EP2032967B1 (de) 2006-06-29 2017-08-09 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH Spektroskopischer detektor und verfahren zur bestimmung von blut und biologischen markersubstanzen in flüssigkeiten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2251344A1 (de) 1973-04-26
FR2157580A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-06-01
DE2251344B2 (de) 1977-12-08
JPS4848133A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-07-07
DE2251344C3 (de) 1978-08-17
CA997591A (en) 1976-09-28
GB1389116A (en) 1975-04-03

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