US3839943A - Electromagnetic injector with assist - Google Patents

Electromagnetic injector with assist Download PDF

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Publication number
US3839943A
US3839943A US37171673A US3839943A US 3839943 A US3839943 A US 3839943A US 37171673 A US37171673 A US 37171673A US 3839943 A US3839943 A US 3839943A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cavity
injector
valve
tubular member
fluid
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
J Ufnalewski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe des Procedes Modernes dInjection SOPROMI
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Societe des Procedes Modernes dInjection SOPROMI
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/004—Sliding valves, e.g. spool valves, i.e. whereby the closing member has a sliding movement along a seat for opening and closing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0047—Four-way valves or valves with more than four ways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0071—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059 characterised by guiding or centering means in valves including the absence of any guiding means, e.g. "flying arrangements"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0078—Valve member details, e.g. special shape, hollow or fuel passages in the valve member
    • F02M63/008—Hollow valve members, e.g. members internally guided
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/877—With flow control means for branched passages
    • Y10T137/87829—Biased valve

Definitions

  • dampers used during needle opening be made inoperative during the closing phase.
  • One of the means used for this purpose consists of a mechanical linkage between the damping piston and the needle, which transmits only forces of compression. The piston then returns slowly to its initial position during the time separating two injections. This arrangement does not permit, simultaneously, great efficiency of the damper and a very high frequency operation of the fuel injector.
  • both orifices, exhaust and supply are controlled by an electrically operated valve
  • the operation is such that at the instant of switching, i.e. the moment when the supply orifice must close and the exhaust orifice must open, there is a period of time during which both orifices are partially open. This allows the high-pressure fluid to flow through both orifices. This results in a needless and large consumption of the high-pressure fluid under pressure.
  • the goal of the invention is the creation of an injector in which the opening movement of the injector needle is slowed in a controlled manner, the closing of the needle is extremely quick and the risk of reopening the injector outlet because of needle bounce is eliminated.
  • the subject invention relates to an assisted electromagnetic injector for internal combusiton engines, of the type in which a pressure drop in a cavity permits the lifting of the injector needle and a reestablishment of pressure in said cavity causes the downward return of the needle.
  • the injector also utilizes the electromagnetic control of an armature which assures the opening and closing of a valve controlling the high pressure sup ply and the closing and opening, respectively, of an exhaust piping.
  • the injector of the invention includes a first chamber under high pressure and a second chamber separated from the first one by the seat of the valve.
  • a connecting passage system is provided between a second chamber and a cavity which controls the injector needle.
  • a passage having a restriction connects the passage system to a cylindrical cavity which is to be connected to an exhaust passage.
  • a free piston provides the seal between the second chamber and said cylindrical cavity so that upon opening of the valve, the cavity controlling the needle is discharged through the restriction, thus causing a gradual lifting of the injector needle, and that upon closing of the valve, the cavity controlling the needle is repressurized through the passage system, thus causing a quick downward return of the injector needle.
  • the ho]- low housing 1 of the injector has, at its upper part, the electrical connections 2 for the electromagnetic control winding, and at its lower part: the atomizing jet 3.
  • the control winding is on a body 4 in the central bore of the main body 1.
  • the winding controls the movements of a movable armature 5 which carries a hollow tubular part 6 whose lower end is chamfered so as to form an active sealing edge 7 bearing on a flat surface 8 of a plug or core 9 fastened in the lower part of housing ll.
  • a supply of a high pressure control fluid for example, another suitable gas, is applied through a tubing 11 and the return to low pressure is through tubing 12. Both tubings 11 and 12 communicate with passages in the upper part of the injector body.
  • a first passage system l3, l4, 15, 16 is connected to the low pressure return 12 and is always at low pressure.
  • a large annular chamber 17 in the body and passage 18, communicating with the high pressure supply 11, are always under high pressure during the normal operation of the injector.
  • the tubular part 6 is rigidly connected to the armature 5. It has a first internal chamber 19, to which communication is made by a hole 26 to a first annular chamber 21 formed in the injector body.
  • the high pressure supply passage 18 opens into annular chamber 21.
  • Tube 6 is also formed with a second chamber 22 having a hole 23 through which communication is made to a second annular chamber 24 in the body.
  • a third annular chamber 25 surrounds the flat surface 8 against which bears the sealing edge 7 of tube 6.
  • the low pressure passage opens into chamber 25.
  • a valve seat 26 is provided in tubular part 6 between the two chamber 19 and 22 for the chamfered end of a piston 27.
  • Piston 27 is mounted in a sealed but sliding manner in the upper part of tube 6 and it normally bears against the body 4 carrying the control winding due to the high pressure in chamber 21 and 19. However, in the absence of high pressure in the chamber 19, the piston 27 is pushed against the valve seat 26 by a spring 28 set in a cavity of the body 4.
  • a free piston 29 is located in the lower part of the tube 6, below the valve seat 26, in a sealed but sliding manner.
  • the lower end of free piston 29 has a reduced diameter which fits into a cylindrical cavity 34) in the core 9.
  • This free piston 29 essentially serves to provide a seal between the chamber 22 of the tube 6 and the cylindrical cavity 30.
  • the purpose of the reduced diameter extension at the lower end of the free piston 29 is to reduce the volume of fluid inside the tube 6, i.e., the volume of fluid undergoing the changes in pressure during the operation of the injector.
  • the second annular chamber 24 is connected through a passage 31 to a conical chamber 32 in which is located a control needle 33, whose position is adjustable from the outside of housing l, for controlling a restricted passage 37.
  • a conical chamber 32 Up stream of the restriction 37, the conical chamber 32 is connected through a passage 34 to a cavity 35 surrounding the upper part of the injector needle or of its control rod. Downstream of the restriction 37 a passage 36 connects the conical chamber 32 to the cylindrical cavity 30.
  • the fastening means of the different parts of the injector and the fluid sealing joints are provided in the usual manner.
  • the operation of the injector is analyzed in the following manner, assuming initially that the high pressure control fluid is not yet supplied (motor stopped) to inlet 11.
  • the spring 23 presses the piston 27 against the valve seat 26. This holds the tube 6 and the armature 5 in the lower position, to close off the high pressure chamber 19 thus preventing any flow of control fluid.
  • a buildup of the high pressure fluid in chamber 19 acts on the piston 27 to push it upwardly and it remains against the body 4 as long as the high pressure is maintained.
  • the high pressure fluid quickly passes into the second chamber 22 in tube 6 and from there through hole 23 into the second annular chamber 24. From chamber 24 it goes through passage 31 to the conical chamber 32, the passage 34 and into the cavity 35.
  • valve seat 26 in the tube 6 then bears against the lower end of piston 27, interrupting the circulation of high pressure fluid within tube 6 below chamber 19.
  • the chambers 22, 32 and 35 then discharge through the restriction 37. This discharge is therefore gradual, as well as the rise of injector needle whose upper part 10 rises gradually.
  • the opening and closing of the injector needle 10 is controlled by the discharge and the pressurizing of the cavity 35.
  • the opening movement of the injector needle 10 is slowed in controlled manner by the position of the control needle 33 in the restriction 37.
  • the closing of the injector needle 10 is sudden and any risk of reopening because of needle bounce is eliminated.
  • the volume of fluid undergoing the changes of pressure is very small owing to the presence of the free piston 29 which, in addition, assures the separation between the second chamber 22 and the cavity 30 situated downstream of the restriction 37. Owing to this arrangement the free piston is practically always driven back to the bottom of the cavity 30.
  • the restriction 37 partially closes off the connection which might temporarily exist between the source of high pressure and of low pressure during the switchovers.
  • An electromagnetic injector comprising a body formed with a first cavity (35), an injector needle (10) having a portion mounted in said body in fluid communication with said first cavity to move in a first direction in response to a pressure drop in said first cavity and in a second direction opposite said first direction in response to the resumption of pressure in said first cavity, electromagnetically controlled armature means (5), inlet means (11) for applying high pressure fluid to the body and means (12) on the body providing a low pressure return, a bore formed in said body, a tubular member (6) located in said bore and attached to said armature means for movement therewith, valve means (27) movable within said tubular member, a first chamber (19) and a second chamber (22) formed in said tubular member and a seat (26) formed on said tubular member between said first and second chambers for said valve means (27 means (18, 20) providing communication between said high pressure inlet means and said first chamber, first means (31-34) for providing fluid flow communication between said second chamber (22) of said tubular member and said first cavity (
  • said second means (31-34) includes a chamber (32) containing a needle (33) adjustable from the outside of the injector and defining the restriction (37) of the third means (36).
  • an assisted electromagnetic fuel injector for internal combustion engines, said injector being of the type including a body having a cavity therein, first means including valve means for supplying fluid under pressure to said cavity, second means also including said valve means for providing a discharge of the fluid under pressure from said cavity, an injector needle in fluid communication with said cavity and controlled by the pressure therein such that a pressure drop in the cavity permits movement of the needle in a first direction and resumption of pressure in the cavity causes a movement of the needle in a second direction opposite from said first direction, said injector also including electromagnetically controlled armature means for operating said valve means to control the supply of fluid under pressure by said first means to said cavity and the discharge of the fluid from said cavity by said second means, the improvement comprising said first means includes a first fluid supply path and said second means including a second fluid discharge path having at least a portion separate from said first: path, said armature means operating said valve means to control the communication of said first and said second paths with said cavity.
  • said second path includes a restriction means for controlling the discharge of fluid from said cavity to thereby control the speed of movement of the injector needle in said second direction, and means located outside of the injector for adjusting the amount of restriction provided by said restriction means.
  • valve means includes a tubular member located in said body, a free piston mounted in a sealed but sliding manner within said tubular member for controlling the opening and closing of said first and second paths.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US37171673 1972-06-23 1973-06-20 Electromagnetic injector with assist Expired - Lifetime US3839943A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7222729A FR2190167A5 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1972-06-23 1972-06-23

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US3839943A true US3839943A (en) 1974-10-08

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US37171673 Expired - Lifetime US3839943A (en) 1972-06-23 1973-06-20 Electromagnetic injector with assist

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US (1) US3839943A (enrdf_load_html_response)
JP (1) JPS4956039A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE2331200A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2190167A5 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1440002A (enrdf_load_html_response)
PL (1) PL87108B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
RO (1) RO69041A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3935853A (en) * 1973-09-11 1976-02-03 Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault Internal combustion engine cold-start fuel injector
US4373671A (en) * 1981-04-13 1983-02-15 Ford Motor Company Electromagnetic fuel injector
US4430983A (en) * 1980-12-19 1984-02-14 Acf Industries, Inc. Carburetor bleed air control solenoid improvement
EP0187112A1 (en) * 1984-08-14 1986-07-09 Ail Corporation Solenoid valve, particularly as bypass valve with fuel injector
EP0187111A1 (en) * 1984-08-14 1986-07-09 Ail Corporation Solenoid valve
US5533480A (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-07-09 Mtn International, Llc Low force actuatable fuel injector
US8870091B2 (en) 2010-12-01 2014-10-28 McVan Aerospace Pressure compensated fuel injector
US8998104B2 (en) 2009-11-03 2015-04-07 Continental Automotive Gmbh Injection valve
CN112392785A (zh) * 2020-11-12 2021-02-23 天津大学 低速柴油机燃油升压泵和排气阀的伺服驱动系统

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2529933C2 (de) * 1975-07-04 1984-07-19 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8900 Augsburg Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen
FR2523647A1 (fr) * 1982-03-16 1983-09-23 Renault Vehicules Ind Systeme pour la commande de l'injection sur un moteur diesel
FR2541379B1 (fr) * 1983-02-21 1987-06-12 Renault Perfectionnement aux systemes d'injection a commande electromagnetique pour moteur diesel de type pression-temps ou l'aiguille de l'injecteur est pilotee par la decharge puis la charge d'une capacite
FR2543647B1 (fr) * 1983-03-29 1986-07-25 Renault Electrovanne a trois voies a commande directe pour decharger et charger une capacite de commande avec tres courts temps de reponse en fonctionnement sous tres haute pression
IT210505Z2 (it) * 1987-02-25 1988-12-30 Iveco Fiat Elettrovalvola particolarmente per iniettori di di motori a combustione interna
IT212431Z2 (it) * 1987-08-25 1989-07-04 Weber Srl Le a comando elettromagnetico per valvola di iniezione del combustibi motori a ciclo diesel
EP0571001B1 (en) * 1987-12-02 1997-09-24 Ganser-Hydromag Ag Electronically controlled fuel injector
FR2624208B1 (fr) * 1987-12-04 1990-03-30 Renault Vehicules Ind Dispositif de guidage cylindrique a compensation de jeu de fonctionnement
DE4123787A1 (de) * 1991-07-18 1993-01-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zur einstellung eines brennstoffeinspritzventils und brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE4332119B4 (de) * 1993-09-22 2006-04-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3753426A (en) * 1971-04-21 1973-08-21 Physics Int Co Balanced pressure fuel valve

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3753426A (en) * 1971-04-21 1973-08-21 Physics Int Co Balanced pressure fuel valve

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3935853A (en) * 1973-09-11 1976-02-03 Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault Internal combustion engine cold-start fuel injector
US4430983A (en) * 1980-12-19 1984-02-14 Acf Industries, Inc. Carburetor bleed air control solenoid improvement
US4373671A (en) * 1981-04-13 1983-02-15 Ford Motor Company Electromagnetic fuel injector
EP0187112A1 (en) * 1984-08-14 1986-07-09 Ail Corporation Solenoid valve, particularly as bypass valve with fuel injector
EP0187111A1 (en) * 1984-08-14 1986-07-09 Ail Corporation Solenoid valve
US5533480A (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-07-09 Mtn International, Llc Low force actuatable fuel injector
US8998104B2 (en) 2009-11-03 2015-04-07 Continental Automotive Gmbh Injection valve
US8870091B2 (en) 2010-12-01 2014-10-28 McVan Aerospace Pressure compensated fuel injector
US9404459B2 (en) 2010-12-01 2016-08-02 McVan Aerospace Pressure compensated fuel injector with solenoid pumping
CN112392785A (zh) * 2020-11-12 2021-02-23 天津大学 低速柴油机燃油升压泵和排气阀的伺服驱动系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2331200A1 (de) 1974-01-24
RO69041A (ro) 1982-02-26
PL87108B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1976-06-30
FR2190167A5 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-01-25
JPS4956039A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-05-30
GB1440002A (en) 1976-06-23

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