US3839571A - Microbicidal hairdressing - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A TRANSPARENT LIQUID HAIRDRESSING WHICH COMPRISES FROM 0.1 TO 5% OF A MICROBICIDE OF THE FORMULA

PHENYL-(CH2)N-N(+)(-R1)(-R2)-R . (1,1,3-TRI(O=)-2,3-

DIHYDRO-1,2-BENZISOTHIAZOLE)(-)

WHEREIN R IS HIGHER ALKYL OF 8 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS, R1 AND R2 ARE LOWER ALKYLS OF 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS, AND N IS FROM 1 TO 4; 0.5 TO 30% OF A HYDROPHILIC POLYETHYLENE-POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL ETHER CONTAINING 25-75% OF THE POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL AND 75 TO 25% OF THE POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, SAID ETHER HAVING HYDROXYL AND ALKYLS OF 1-8 CARBON ATOMS AS CHAIN TERMINATING RADICALS, AND SAID ETHER HAVING A MOLECULAR WEIGHT FROM ABOUT 400 TO 4,000; 0.5 TO 15% OF A LIPOPHILIC POLY-LOWER ALKYLENE GLYCOL ETHER HAVING A MOLECULAR WEIGHT FROM ABOUT 400 TO 4,000; AND 40-98.9% OF AN AQUEOUS OR AQUEOUS-ALCOHOLIC CARRIER MEDIUM.

Description

United States Patent Office 3,839,571 Patented Oct. 1, 1974 3,839,571 MICROBICIDAL HAIRDRESSING Teresa R. Ciccone, Green Brook, and William J. Gangwisch, Highland Park, NJ., assignors to Colgate-Palmolive Company, New York, N.Y. No Drawing. Filed June 17, 1971, Ser. No. 154,186 Int. Cl. A61k 7/06, 27/00 US. Cl. 424-270 6 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Microbicidal hairdressing compositions which are effective against bacteria and fungi, such as those normally present on the human hair and scalp, comprise an alkyl di-lower alkyl arylalkyl ammonium saccharinate, such as a higher alkyl di-methyl benzyl ammonium saccharinate, a hydrophilic oil and a hydrophobic oil, both of which are ethers of poly-lower alkylene glycol(s) and lower alcohol(s), and an aqueous or aqueous alcoholic medium.

The described hairdressings are useful in mentioned proportions to make clear liquid or gel preparations. They groom the hair, giving a desirable lustre and facilitating the restyling or combing thereof. They also counteract the growth of bacteria, fungi, yeasts and other microorganisms, such as Pityrosporum ovale, without objectionably depositing opaque coatings on the hair.

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to transparent hairdressings possessing hair conditioning properties as well as the ability to inhibit the growth of Pityrosporum ovale. These preparations, when applied to the hair and scalp, make the hair more readily controllable and easily combed into place. The products are especially useful as mens clear hairdressings but may also find applications in clear preparations for the treatment of womens hair.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION For years extensive research has been conducted in efforts to produce cosmetic preparations that also possess microbicidal properties. Many cosmetics, toiletries and washing agents have been formulated to contain a wide variety of bactericides and fungicides. Preparations for the skin have been made which include bactericides that are effective against Staphylococcus aureus and composi tions for the hair have been made, incorporating antimicrobial compounds which are effective against Staph ylococcus aureus and Pityrosporum ovale, the latter of which has been considered as a causative agent for the development of dandruff and excessive scaling of the human scalp. Such compositions however, have heretofore not been made in clear or transparent form since the incorporation of the antimicrobial compounds has made the composition opaque.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It has now been found that an effective antimicrobial hairdressing can be made as a transparent or clear prodnet. The importance of the present discovery becomes evident when it is realized that microbicides which have been found to be clinically eifective against dandruff, such as zinc omadine and selenium disulfide, are incapable of forming clear hairdressings in the normal media which may be employed for such compositions. Thus, the present products are unobvious because they are truly effective antimicrobial hairdressings and may be produced in clear form.

Surprisingly, tests indicate that the higher alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium saccharinates and equivalent compounds of similar structure, when combined with the polyalkylene glycol ethers described herein result in effective microbicidal compositions. It could have been expected that a diminution of the antimicrobial effectiveness of the saccharinate compound would occur because of the combination of the germicide with the nonionic oils. The desired properties of the present compositions are obtainable when the product is a liquid or gel, and the composition can be incorporated in an aerosol spray product.

In accordance with the present invention a hairdressing comprises minor proportions of antimicrobial higher alkyl di-lower alkyl arylalkyl ammonium saccharinate and hydrophobic and lipophilic lower alkyl monoethers of poly-lower alkylene glycols, in an aqueous or aqueous alcoholic carrier medium. Specifically, such hairdressing compositions are clear liquid or gel preparations and preferably comprise higher alkyl (C C di-methyl benzyl ammonium saccharinate, a hydrophilic polyethylene-polypropylene glycol monoether of butanol which is of molecular weight from about 1,400 to 1,600 and is derived from equal parts by weight of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide and a lipophilic polypropylene glycol monoether of butanol which has a molecular weight of about 2,000-2,500, in a carrier medium which is aqueous ethanolic. Also within the invention are antimicrobial uses of the composition of higher alkyl di-lower alkyl arylalkyl ammonium saccharinate and the mixed polyalkylene glycol ethers.

The antimicrobial saccharinates employed are those of the formula wherein R is higher alkyl, A and R are lower alkyls, and n is from 1 to 4. Among the R groups which may be employed are the higher alkyls of 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably the straight chain alkyls of 10 to 18 carbon atoms, e.g., myristyl, lauryl, decyl, palmityl and stearyl. Of these, the tetradecyl (myristyl) and dodecyl (lauryl) are most preferred. Usually, such higher alkyls are obtained from mixtures comprising also minor proportions of other higher alkyls, such as palmityl. Most preferred alkyl distribution includes about 40% C12, 50% C and 10% C The lower alkyls, R and R are of l to 4 carbon atoms, preferably of l to 2 carbon atoms and most preferably are both methyl. However, it is not required that R and R; be of the same carbon content. The alkylene group, the number of carbon atoms of which is designated by n, is lower alkylene of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably of 1 to 2 carbon atoms and most preferably, is a methylene carbon atom. The aryl group, although it may include other aromatic rings, such as naphthyl or substituted phenyl, is most preferably phenyl, Thus, the arylalkyl group is most preferably benzyl. Nevertheless, equivalent compounds may be employed wherein the aromatic ring, the alkyls, the alkylene and the saccharinate ring are suitably substituted with non-interfering substituents, such as lower alkyl, halogen, nitro, amino or hydroxy groups. If such substitution is present, it will usually be on the aromatic ring or the higher alkyl, R.

An important consideration in selecting the antimicrobial saccharinate is that it should be strongly microbicidal, especially efiective against Pityrosporum ovale, and it should be compatible with the other constituents of the hairdressing compositions, especially with the polyalkylene glycol ethers, alcohol, water and gelling agent, if present to form clear solutions or gels. Thus, the saccharinate should be substantially soluble in the carrier or solvent medium. It must not cause clouding or creaming of the hairdressing.

The mixed polyethylene-polypropylene glycol ether hydrophilic oil component of the present preparations is one in which the proportions of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene are such that the hydrophilic properties of the product predominate, making it water soluble, while still giving it the thickness and lubricity of an oil. Because the polyethylene glycol or polyethylene oxide component employed to produce the polyoxyethylene portion of the hydrophilic oil is that component which usually favors hydrophilic characteristics, to increase such properties an increase in polyethylene glycol or polyethylene oxide monomer may be effected. correspondingly, to increase the lipophilic properties, the proportion of polyoxypropylene or, in some cases, polyoxybutylene, can be increased, with greater lipophilic effects being obtained from using the higher polyoxyalkylene, such as polyoxybutylene, due to its increased carbon/oxygen ratio. The lipophilic or hydrophilic properties of the polyalkylene glycol and its solubilites are also related to chain lengths or molecular weights and these factors, with ethylene oxide-propylene oxide ratios and etherifying monohydric alcohol carbon contents, are chosen to botain the desired hydrophile-lipophile balance and water solubility for the hydrophilic oil. The various polypropylene glycol or polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers are mixtures of polymers of various chain lengths, as are the hydrophilic polymers previously discussed. The chain lengths and the chain terminating compound are chosen so that the product will be desirable lipophilic, oily and clear. The polymers should be soluble in the alcohol or aqueous alcoholic media employed. Solubility in water itself may be very small, often being less than 2%. In preferred embodiments of the invention, mixtures of polyoxypropylene butyl monoethers are used. The described compounds are known and methods for their manufacture are given in US. Pat. 2,448,664 at columns -8 and in the working examples. This patent describes the useful class of the lipophilic polymers and a similar description, with respect to the hydrophilic polymers, is found in U.S. Pat. 2,425,755, previously cited.

Preferred blends of glycols or lower alkylene oxides to make the present hydrophilic oils are blends of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide or the equivalent glycols, which contain from 25 to 75% of the polyethylene glycol and 75 to 25%, of the polypropylene glycol or equivalent oxides, preferably 40 to 60% and 60 to 40%, respectively, exclusive of the etherifying chain terminating radicals. The polymers made are preferably terminated with hydroxyl or alkyl groups of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably a lower alkyl of from 3 to 5 carbon atoms. Usually the polymers will be terminated at one end with an OH and at the other with a normal alkyl. To obtain the desired hydrophilic oils the molecular weights should be regulated to average in the range of about 400 to 4,000, preferably from 1,000 to 2,000 and most preferably from 1,400 to 1,600. In a similar manner, with respect to the lipophilic oils, the chain terminating monohydric alcohol is usually of l to 8 carbon atoms and is linear. Preferably, it is of 3 to 5 carbon atoms. The molecular weight of the lipophilic oil is normally within the range of 400 to 4,000, preferably from 1,500 to 3,000. The water solubility of such compounds will generally be from 0.2 to 1% at room temperature. It has been found that mixtures of the lipophilic oils are useful and in such cases, preferred mixtures are of such compounds of molecular weights between 1,800 to 2,200, with those of such weights of 2,3002,700. In such instances, the etherifying monohydric alcohol is preferably butanol. In the mixtures described, it will generally be preferable to include, as the major constituent of the mixed lipophilic polyalkylene glycol ether, that of the higher molecular weight, and often it will constitute from 70 to 90% of the mixture.

Both the hydrophilic and lipophilic oils may, in appropriate cases, be replaced, usually only in part, by similar oils or slight modifications. Thus, instead of employing monohydric alcohol chain terminators, in some cases glycols or glycerol may be used for this purpose. Polyoxylower alkylene glycols of the Carbitol and Pluronic types may be used, as may similar compounds of equivalent properties. Generally, however, these will constitute only a minor proportion of the oil content of the clear, microbicidal hairdressing.

The aqueous carrier or solvent employed for the microbicidal saccharinates and the hydrophilic and lipophilic oils and adjuvants is usually water, alcohol, or a solution of lower alcohol in water. It will usually be desirable to maintain the hardness of the water under 150 parts per million and waters having hardness equivalents, in terms of calcium carbonate, below 50 ppm. and preferably below 20 p.p.m., are most desirably employed. Of course, the solvent system should be clear and free of suspended matter or other impurities which might undesirably affect the clarity or color of the product. The lower alcohols used will normally be either ethanol, which is preferred, or isopropanol, although minor proportions of n-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol or tertiary butanol can be present. Generally, when aqueous-alcoholic solvents are being employed they will comprise from 30 to ethyl alcohol and 70 to 20% water, with the preferred embodiments having 50 to 70% alcohol and 50 to 30% water.

In the manufacture of gelled hairdressings, a gelling agent is employed to thicken and set the dressing into gel form. Many such thickening agents are known in the cosmetic arts, including both organic and inorganic thickeners. Useful gelling agents form hairdressings that are clear and generally organic gums or thickeners will be employed. Useful colloidal organic thickeners include the carboxyalkyl celluloses, the hydroxyalkyl celluloses, carboxypolymethylenes, (Carbopols) and the various natural gums. Also useful are the polyvinyl pyrrolidones, vegetable proteins, starch derivatives, gelatins, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohols, and dextrans. Among the natural gums are karaya, tragacanth, gum acacia, algins, agar, pectin, carrageenan, guar, locust bean gum, Irish moss extractives and various derivatives thereof.

Specific cellulose compounds that can be used include ethers or esters such as methyl cellulose, methyl ethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. Among the starches are hydroxyethyl starch, alkali metal starch phosphates, and carboxymethyl starch. The synthetic materials include ethylene maleic anhydride copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl pyrrolidine copolymers and the carboxyvinyl polymers, e.g., Carbopol 934. The various synthetic and natural organic gums, hydrocolloid thickeners and gelling agents are described at length in The Chemistry and Manufacture of Cosmetics, Vol. II, Second Edition, by Maison G. DeNavarre (D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., 1962), at pages 109-154.

Especially useful thickening agents which yield clear gels are carrageenan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and the ethylene maleic anhydride copolymers, such as Copolymer No. 11 (Monsanto Corp.).

Often it will be desirable to employ mixtures of the various thickening agents, so as to modify the thickening or gelling effects to obtain best results for a particular application. Generally, no more than two or three gums will be mixed and usually a significant proportion of each will be present. Thus, for example, in a preferred hydrocolloid mixture for gelling purposes, there will be present from 5 to 25% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose capable of producing an aqueous solution of 4,000 centipoises viscosity at standard conditions and from 75 to of ethylene maletic anhydride copolymer, such as Copolymer No. 11.

Various adjuvants may be present in the hairdressings. Included among such adjuvants are colorants, perfumes, buffers or pH regulating chemicals, antioxidants, ultraviolet ray absorbers, stabilizers and supplementary microbicides. The coloring agents and perfumes which are used are standard water or alcohol soluble materials which do not cloud or form films in the present compositions. Ultraviolet light absorbers, e.g., 2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone, may also be employed to stabilize color and perfume both in the product and during use.

The proportions of the various constituents of the hairdressings are maintained within desired ranges to produce the best product. The antimicrobial higher alkyl di-lower alkyl ammonium saccharinate generally comprises at least 0.1% of the final product while more than 5% is usually unnecessary. Within the 0.1 to 5% range, a preferred concentration is 0.3 to 1%.

The Water insoluble polyethylene-polypropylene glycols are used to increase the conditioning properties of the hairdressing, and, because their structure is so similar to that of the hydrophilic oil present, this can be done readily Without creating unstable products, emuls ons or hairdressings which tend to separate. Normally, for best results, the proportions of hydrophilic and lipophilic glycol ethers will be such that from 40 to 95% of the polyalkylene glycol content will be of the hydrophilic oil type. For liquid preparations it is preferred that the hydrophilic oil should constitute a major proportion, usually from 80 to 100% and preferably from 90 to 95 of the mixture. When gels are made, from 40 to 60%, preferably about 50% of hydrophilic glycol will be used. Exemplary of the lipophilic alkylene oxide random copolymers which may be employed in suitable compositions are Ucons manufactured by Union Carbide Corp. and identified as LB-65, LB-ll45, LB-1715, LB-3000, LB70X, LB- 400X and LB1800X. The characteristics of these products, including specific gravities, viscosity indexes, viscosities at 100 F., pour points and flash points are given in Table IV-22 at page 232 of the text Polyethers, Part I, edited by N. Gaylord and published in 1963 by Interscience Publishers. Also in Table IV-22 are description of the properties of water soluble oils of this type, identified as Uncons 50-HB-55, 50-HB-660, 50-HB- 5100, 75H-4S0, 75-H-l400, 75-H-90,000, and Dow Chemical Co. Polyglycols -100, 15-200, 15-1000. The Dow compounds are terminated by glycerol.

The water soluble hydrophilic oil is present in minor proportion, generally from 0.5 to and preferably from 5 to 25% of the product. The water insoluble polyalkylene glycol may comprise from 0.5 to 15% of the preferably from 1 to 8% thereof. From 1 to 4% is preferably present in liquids and from 4 to 8% in the gels.

The carrier or solvent medium of the hairdressing may constitute the balance of the product if no thickeners and/ or other adjuvants are present. The water or aqueous alcoholic medium which is often used instead will constitute a significant proportion of the hairdressing, usually being from 40 to 98.9% thereof, with a major proportion, 50.1 to 90% being preferred.

When a gel hairdressing is made, it will normally contain from 0.3 to 5% of an organic gelling agent to thicken the composition. Small proportions, from 0.1 to 0.4% of such products may be employed to increase the viscosity of a liquid hairdressing. Of course, the thickening effect is dependent on the particular gelling agent being used and the composition being thickened.

By utilizing the proportions of various ingredients given, clear hairdressings having exceptionally good antimicrobial properties are obtained. This is surprising because the nonionic hydrophilic oil and the related lipophilic oils contain polyoxyalkylene groups and may also contain free hydroxyls which would lead one to expect that they would behave similarly to surface active materials of related structures. In the past it has been observed that such surface active compounds have had detrimental effects upon the microbicidal properties of various compounds. Yet, in the present case, the hydrophilic oils of these hairdressings do not have such detrimental effects and indeed have been shown to aid in maintaining or improving the activities of the particular higher alkyl di-lower alkyl ammonium saccharinate microbicides of this invention. At the same time, such oils help to condition the hair and give it a satisfactory lustre. Even after application of the hairdressing to the hair and evaporation of carrier components, including the water or aqueous alcoholic carrier, the use of a damp comb is enough to revitalize the hair because of the combination of the moisture with the hydrophilic oil and the combined action of both on the hair. The hydrophilic oils and the microbicides of this invention are compatible with the other constituents which may be employed to thicken liquid preparations or to make gels. They are also compatible with the usual adjuvants employed for hairdressings. The hydrophilic oil gives body to the liquid hairdressings, compensating for the thinning effects of alcohol and water. The alcohol helps to solubilize the various contituents, as does the water, and improves the evaporation rate of the product so that the hair returns to a dry, lustrous state soon after application of the hairdressing. Thus, it is seen that the various components of the present products co-act to produce a hairdressing preparation of superior qualities. Although a hairdressing can be intentionally made opaque or can be formed into an emulsion or cream, according to known techniques, it is most frequently desired that modern hairdressings leave no creamy 0r greasy deposit on the hair and it is usually important that the product, as applied, should appear to be transparent. Most of the various effective microbicides, useful against fungi and bacteria found on the hair, are insoluble in conventional hairdressing compositions and in the present oils. Accordingly, their use is limited to opaque lotions or creams.

The combinations of hydrophilic and lipophilic polyethylene-polypropylene glycol oils or monoether derivatives thereof with the described saccharinate microbicides result in improved hair conditioning properties, while still maintaining the microbicides effects. This is somewhat unexpected because the hydrophilic oils appear to possess no antimicrobial activity and the lipophilic oils, alone or in mixture with each other dont inhibit microbial growths. Yet, with the saccharinate microbicides, the disclosed oils appear to increase the effectiveness against Pityrosporum ovale, possibly by enlarging the area over which the microbicide may work. Thus, it is highly desirable for antimicrobial activity, as well as for conditioning effects, that the present compositions contain both hydrophilic and lipophilic oils and preferably include a mixture of the lipophilic oils, such as was previously mentioned herein with one or more of the hydrophilic polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene polymers.

The following examples illustrate some preferred embodiments of the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, all parts percents given are by weight and temperatures are in degrees centigrade.

Deionized water 17.63

Colorant, F. D. and C. Blue Dye No. 1 (1% aqueous solution) 0.10 2,2,4,4-tetrahydroxybenzophenone (Uvinul D- 50, ultraviolet absorber, GA-F Corp.) 0.20

A liquid hairdressing of the above formulation is made by sequentially adding to a mixing vessel, with stirring, the formula amounts of ethanol, Ucon LB-1715, Ucon LB-1145, Ucon 50-HB-660, perfume, higher alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium saccharinate, water, colorant and Uvinul D-50. No difliculties in formulation are encountered and a clear liquid product results.

After preparation, all of which takes place at room temperature, the product is packed and stored, ready for shipment. It is of good stability on storage and the higher alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium saccharinate is effective against Pityrosporum ovale when used, despite lengthy storage.

When applied to the hair in usual quantities, about two to five cubic centimeters per application of 2 to 5 grams per day, the product has a microbicidal action against Pityrosporum ovale, due to the presence of the alkyl dialkyl arylalkyl ammonium saccharinate, in combination with the hydrophilic oil (Ucon 50-HB660). Such ac tion is also observed when the product is applied to other sites of microbial growths. This is verified by standard agar plate halo tests, against Staphylococcus aureus and Pityrosporum ovale, wherein improved indications of germicidal actions are noted when the hydrophilic polyethylene-polypropylene glycol is present with the saccharinate microbicide in aqueous media. The hairdressing also acts to condition the hair, making it easy to comb and giving it a lustre during and after application. It also improve manageability of the hair on remoistening hours after application of the hairdressing.

Other clear liquid hairdressing preparations utilizing similar hydrophilic oils or mixtures thereof, preferably in combination with mixed lipophilic oils and with other of the described higher alkyl lower dialkyl arylalkyl ammonium saccharinates, which may be unsubstituted or substituted, in water or aqueous alcoholic meduirn bases, as described in the foregoing specification, when used in the proportions therein given, produce similarly useful and acceptable products. lSuch products are notable for being clear liquid hairdressings, while containing an effective microbicide. Even after several restylings of the hair with a damp comb after a single application of such a product, the hair can still be readily restyled and maintains its lustre and softness. The conditioning effect of the composition is still obtained and the hair is not dulled by a coating on the hair of a layer of the composition, which stays transparent on the hair. Conditioning effects are further improved by thep resence of the lipophilic type oils in the products, in addition to the effects obtained from the hydrophilic oils.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 Parts Ethanol (SD No. 40) 53.3 Ultravoilet light absorber (Uvinul N-35, GAF) 0.1 Myristyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium saccharinate 0.5 Lipophilic oil, Ucon LB1715 (Union Carbide) 11.0 Lipophilic oil, Ucon LB-3000 (Union Carbide) 11.0 Surface active agent, Tween 20 (Atlas Chemical Corp.) 1.2 Perfume 0.4 Deionized water 22.3 F. D. & C. dyes, 0.1% aqueous solution 0.2

A liquid hairdressing of the above formula is made by substantially following the method of Example 1, sequentially mixing, with stirring, the formula amounts of ethanol, ultraviolet ray absorber, saccharinate, Ucons, perfume, water and colorants at approximately room temperature. The product produced is a clear liquid having a specific gravity of about 0.9, a pH of about 6, an alcohol content of 50% by weight and a content of microbicidal saccharinate of 0.5%. If necessary, pH adjustment may be effected by addition of 50% aqueous citric acid solution or a 19.1% Na O caustic soda solution.

The product made has bactericidal and fungicidal properties but is inferior to the hairdressings of this invention containing a hydrophilic Ucon or equivalent hydrophilic polyoxyalkylated oil because of a tendency buildup of oil and a development of stickiness on the hair with continued applications. When, in accordance with the present invention, hydrophilic Ucon oils, such as Ucon 50- HB-660, Ucon 50-HB-55, Ucon -H-1400 are added, in amounts from 2 to 8%, e.g., 5%, alone or in mixture, the applied hairdressing becomes more hydro hilic in nature and is more readily distributed over the hair when the hair is wetted and combed, and undesirable buildup and stickness are decreased. Such results are also obtainable when the combinations of hydrophilic and lipophilic oils are employed at lower total proportions, with totals of about 1 to 45%, preferably about 5-15% being preferred, and with a major proportion of the oil content preferably being hydrophilic.

The presence of a hydrophilic oil such as Ucon also aids in maintaining the product clear in the bottle as well as after application to the hair. The conditioning effects obtained are surprising, considering that the hydrophilic Ucons are much less hygroscopic than other water soluble poly carriers, such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, glycerol and sorbitol.

EXAMPLE 3 Part I Parts Deionized water 30.77 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (Methocel 60 HG 4000, Dow Chemical Company) 0.25 Ethylene maleic anhydride copolymer Copolymer No. 91, Monsanto Corp.) 2.00 Colorant, F. D. and C. Blue Dye N0. 1 (1% aqueous solution) 0.05

Part II Ethanol (SD 40, 190 proof) 49.23 Polyethylene-polypropylene glycol, viscosity of 660 Saybolt Universal Seconds at 100 F.

(hydrophilic oil, Ucon 50-I-IB-660, Union Carbide Corp, cosmetic grade) 7.50 Lipophilic polyalkylene glycol (Uc0n LB- 1145, Union Carbide Corp.) 7.50 Perfume 0.20 Mixed higher alkyl (C 14, dimethyl benzyl ammonium saccharinate, active 0.50

Part HI Aminomethylpropanol, 50% alcoholic solution (Commercial Solvents Corp.) 2.00

A gel hairdressing of the above formula is made by admixing the various constituents of Part I, H and III, respectively and then blending them together at room temperature. Part I is made by heating the Water to about C. and stirring in the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose until it is sufficiently dispersed, after which that mixture of thickener and water is cooled to about 70 C. and the ethylene maleic anhydride copolymer is admixed with it and dispersed or dissolved therein. Next, the thickened solution is cooled to room temperature, about 25 C., and the colorant is added, completing the making of Part I.

Part II is made by admixing, at about room temperature, the alcohol, Ucon 50-HB660, Ucon LB-1145, perfume and microbicidal saccharinate. Parts I and II are admixed and then a neutralizing quantity of aminomethylpropanol, Part III, is added.

The product is poured into jars and is allowed to set to a gel. It is an excellent transparent antimicrobial hairdressing and may be used on the hair in a manner similar to that in which other such hair preparations are employed. It is microbicidal, being effective against Staphylococcus awreus as well as Pityrosporum ovale. Except for its different physical form the product exhibits all of the properties described for the liquid preparation of Example 1.

When, in place of the hydrophilic or lipophilic oils, the carrier or the gelling agent, other such materials within the scope of the invention are employed within the mentioned proportions, other useful gel hairdressings of exceptional microbicidal effects are produced. For example, the saccharinate may be replaced with another higher alkyl di-lower alkyl arylalkyl ammonium saccharinate, e.g., stearyl diethyl phenylethyl ammonium saccharinate, the lipophilic oil may be changed to a mixture of Ucons, e.g., LB-l145, LB-1715, and LB-3000, the hydrophilic oil may be replaced with Ucon 75-H- 450, and the solvent proportions may be varied. The products so made will be effective transparent hail-dressings with microbicidal action against Pityrosporum ovale.

EXAMPLE 4- Part I Parts Deionized water 31.6 Ethylene maleic anhydride copolymer resin No.

91, Lot D-627, Monsanto 1.2 Ucon 50-I-IB-660 0.5

Part II Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (Methocel 60 HG 4,000, Dow) 0.3 Ucon 50HB-660 7.0 Part III Lipophilic polyalkylene glycol butyl ether,

Ucon LB-1145, Union Carbide) 7.5 Perfume 0.4 Ethanol (SD 40) 49.2 Ultraviolet ray absorber (Cyasorb UV 284,

American Cyanamid) 0.1 Myristyl-lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium saccharinate 0.5 Stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 0.2

Part IV Aminomethyl propanol 0.8 Ethanol, SD 40 0.7

Part V Deionized water (make-up for losses) 1.0

A clear gel hairdressing of the above formula is made by heating the Part I ingredients to 93 C. while stirring with a homogenizing mixer, adding the Part II materials, in combination, cooling to about 30 C., while continuing mixing, and adding the Part III ingredients, after which Parts IV and V are blended in with the mixing gel. The product has a viscosity of about 15,000 centipoises at 25 C. and is a useful, clear gel hairdressing which diminishes the growth of Pityrosporum ovale.

In a variation of this formula, when the EMA gelling agent is changed to Lot D-1256, a viscosity of about 7,000 centipoises results. Again, this product is a useful, clear, microbicidal gel hairdressing.

When, in the above formulas, the higher straight chain higher alkyl di-lower alkyl arylalkyl ammonium saccharinate is replaced by other such compounds, e.g., lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium saccharinate, cetyl diethyl phenyl propyl ammonium saccharinate, stearyl dimethyl p-chloro or p-methyl benzyl ammonium saccharinate, or equivalent microbicidal saccharinates of such type, and the proportions are varied i20% from the example amounts, within the given ranges, useful microbicidal clear hairdressings are produced. Similarly, when the Ucons are varied within the limits disclosed herein, the products produced are clear, substantially non-hygroscopic and aid in conditioning and controlling the hair in use. The proportions of lipophilic Ucon or equivalent material may be diminished so that the essential or sole Ucon component is the hydrophilic material, which is found to aid in producing an acceptable microbicidal product. Yet, for the best balanced hairdre'ssings, combinations of lipophilic and hydrophilic oils are used and in such products mixed lipophilic oils of the types described are preferred. In a similar manner, variations may be made in the alcohol-water contents within the ranges described, to obtain products of different viscosities and utilities. The hairdressings may be produced as gels, solids and liquids, and may be incorporated in aerosol sprays together with a propellant.

The invention has been described with respect to illustrations and working examples. It is not to be considered as limited to the compositions described because it is clear that one of skill in the art can substitute equivalents for elements of the invented compositions and processes without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A transparent liquid hairdressing which comprises from 0.1 to 5 %of a microbicide of the formula wherein R is higher alkyl of 8 to 20 carbon atoms, R and R are lower alkyls of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is from 1 to 4; 0.5 to 30% of a hydrophilic polyethylene-polypropylene glycol ether containing 25-75% of the polyethylene glycol and 75 to 25% of the polypropylene glycol, said ether having hydroxyls and alkyls of 1-8 carbon atoms as chain terminatng radicals, and said ether having a molecular weight from about 400 to 4,000; 0.5 to 15% of a lipophilic poly-lower alkylene glycol ether having a molecular weight from about 400 to 4,000; and 40-98.9% of an aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic carrier medium.

2. A hairdressing according to Claim 1 wherein the higher alkyl is selected from the group consisting of about 40% C12, about 50% C and about 10% C alkyls and mixtures thereof.

3. A clear hairdressing according to claim 1 comprising from 0.3 to 1% of higher alkyl (C -C dimethyl benzyl ammonium saccharinate, 5 to 25% of hydrophilic oil of molecular weight in the range of 400 to 4,000, 1 to 8% of lipophilic oil of molecular weight in the range of 400 to 4,000 and 50.1 to of aqueous-ethanolic medium.

4. A clear hairdressing according to claim 3 wherein the hydrophilic oil is an C to C alkyl ether of molecular weight of 1,000 to 2,000 and the lipophilic oil is an alkyl ether of molecular weight of 1,500 to 3,000.

5. A clear hairdressing according to Claim 4 wherein the hydrophilic oil is a butyl ether of molecular weight of 1,400 to 1,600 and comprises approximately equal proportions of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and the lipophilic oil is a mixture of polypropylene glycol butyl ethers of molecular weights in the ranges of 1,500 to 2,200 and 2,300 to 2,700, those butyl ethers having a molecular weight of 2,300 to 2,700 comprising 70% to 90% of the mixture.

6. A liquid hairdressing according to Claim 1 including from 0.5 to 5% of an organic gelling agent, selected from the group consisting of natural gums, natural thickeners, synthetic gums, synthetic thickeners and mixtures thereof.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Wynn et a1 42471 Gross et a1. 424-70 Shibe et a1. 42470 Wakeman et a1. 42470 X 1 2 3,427,382 2/1969 Haefele 42471 3,536,810 10/1970 Moculiski 42470 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,061,034 3/ 1967 Great Britain 42470 STANLEY J. FRIEDMAN, Primary Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R.

42470, 71, Dig 2 and 4

Claims (1)

1. A TRANSPARENT LIQUID HAIRDRESSING WHICH COMPRISES FROM 0.1 TO 5% OF A MICROBICIDE OF THE FORMULA