US3837843A - Process for thermal production of magnesium - Google Patents
Process for thermal production of magnesium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3837843A US3837843A US00410965A US41096573A US3837843A US 3837843 A US3837843 A US 3837843A US 00410965 A US00410965 A US 00410965A US 41096573 A US41096573 A US 41096573A US 3837843 A US3837843 A US 3837843A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- slag
- magnesium
- agglomerates
- reducing agent
- calcined
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012215 calcium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JLQUFIHWVLZVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbosulfan Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)SN(C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC2=C1OC(C)(C)C2 JLQUFIHWVLZVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQDXNHZDRQHKEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dicalcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O IQDXNHZDRQHKEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/22—Obtaining magnesium
Definitions
- magnesium can be produced by reacting reducing agents, such as silicon, with a substance containing magnesium oxide in the presence of a slag, whereby lumps of reducing agent, for instance iron and silicon, and lumps of calcined dolomite, are introduced above a molten slag.
- reducing agents such as silicon
- lumps of reducing agent for instance iron and silicon
- lumps of calcined dolomite are introduced above a molten slag.
- the magnesium oxide dissolves in the slag, enters into contact with the lumps of reducing agent and reacts therewith, causing a strong evolution of magnesium in the vapor state.
- the binders normally used to bring about agglomeration also have the effect of introducing impurities into the furnace and hence into the metal and of modifying the composition of the slag, which may affect the process.
- the method of production of magnesium by reaction of silicon with calcined dolomite exhibits another feature, i.e. the slag obtained, consisting of a calcium silico-aluminate plus a little magnesia, has little market value.
- the slag is nevertheless used by the cement industry in combination with other materials to make up cements, but, in order to render it marketable, the slag has to be quenched rapidly by pouring the molten material into cold water. This obviates setting during transportation. A substantial fraction of the slag escapes this treatment and solidifies naturally in air, particularly at the bottom of the receptacle from which the molten slag is poured into the water.
- the non-quenched fraction disintegrates during the cooling stage of between 400 and 600 C, forming a finely divided dust for which no use has yet been discovered and which gives rise to fairly difficult problems of storage.
- the reducing agent is introduced in the form of uniform size granules which exhibit little tendency to sink into the slag.
- the reducing agent is diluted by mixing with part of the slag formed as a by-product of the reaction. Additionally, the process permits the use of a large proportion, if not all, of the non-quenched slag, which has hitherto been unusable and which has constituted a nuisance factor.
- composition is typical of the slag obtained from the furnace:
- This apparatus consisted essentially of a flanged disc inclined at an angle of 3045 to the horizontal, and rotated at a speed of 18 to 24 rpm.
- the mixture of ferro-silicon and slag is poured evenly onto the: disc, accompanied by a spray of water.
- the paste so formed is gradually converted into spherical granules by the rotation of the disc which gradually overflow the rim.
- speed and inclination of the disc it was found possible to obtain spherical granules to 20 mm in diameter, all of which gave good results when subsequently used in the process.
- the balls were calcined for 50 minutes at 700 C in a rotary furnace.
- the silicon content of the balls was determined as follows: The material was finely ground, treated with concentrated caustic soda. The hydrogen evolved was passed over a drying agent and determined by measuring the quantity of water fonned by reaction with copper oxide heated to 400 C. The results of the analysis showed that oxidation of silicon during calcination was negligible.
- a reducing agent is reacted with a substance containing magnesium oxide in the presence of molten slag
- the reducing agent is introduced in the form of agglomerates produced by mixing the finely divided reducing agent with a binder consisting of water and slag, drying the agglomerates, and then calcining the dried agglomerates at a temperature not less than 700 C.
- a process as claimed in claim 1 in which the slag used in the binder is of a composition corresponding to the composition of the slag resulting from the production of magnesium.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7238394A FR2204697B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1972-10-30 | 1972-10-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3837843A true US3837843A (en) | 1974-09-24 |
Family
ID=9106405
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00410965A Expired - Lifetime US3837843A (en) | 1972-10-30 | 1973-10-29 | Process for thermal production of magnesium |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3837843A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| JP (1) | JPS5348166B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| BR (1) | BR7308513D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA1001421A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2204697B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| NO (1) | NO133843C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3918959A (en) * | 1973-12-28 | 1975-11-11 | Showa Denko Kk | Process for production of magnesium |
| US4400207A (en) * | 1981-05-13 | 1983-08-23 | Continental Alloys S.A. | Method of producing metal alloys |
| US4648900A (en) * | 1980-12-08 | 1987-03-10 | Bostroem Olle | Suction sintering method and apparatus therefor |
| ES2125829A1 (es) * | 1997-03-04 | 1999-03-01 | Univ Salamanca | Procedimiento para la obtencion de magnesio. |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2395319A1 (fr) * | 1977-06-24 | 1979-01-19 | Sofrem | Perfectionnements aux procedes de production de magnesium par voie thermique |
| CA1149092A (en) * | 1979-01-11 | 1983-06-28 | William E. Horn, Jr. | Phosphite heat stabilized graft diene copolymers |
| JPS56104622U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1980-01-14 | 1981-08-15 | ||
| US6551210B2 (en) | 2000-10-24 | 2003-04-22 | Motion Technologies, Llc. | Continuously variable transmission |
| US7011600B2 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2006-03-14 | Fallbrook Technologies Inc. | Continuously variable transmission |
| US7166052B2 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2007-01-23 | Fallbrook Technologies Inc. | Continuously variable planetary gear set |
| WO2006041718A2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2006-04-20 | Fallbrook Technologies, Inc. | Continuously variable transmission |
| KR101577354B1 (ko) | 2005-10-28 | 2015-12-16 | 폴브룩 인텔렉츄얼 프로퍼티 컴퍼니 엘엘씨 | 전동 드라이브 |
| KR101422475B1 (ko) | 2005-11-22 | 2014-07-28 | 폴브룩 인텔렉츄얼 프로퍼티 컴퍼니 엘엘씨 | 연속 가변 변속기를 구비한 자전거 |
| KR101317329B1 (ko) | 2005-12-09 | 2013-10-15 | 폴브룩 테크놀로지즈 인크 | 연속 가변 변속기 |
| EP1811202A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2007-07-25 | Fallbrook Technologies, Inc. | A continuously variable gear transmission |
| PL2089642T3 (pl) | 2006-11-08 | 2013-09-30 | Fallbrook Ip Co Llc | Generator siły zaciskającej |
| EP2142826B1 (en) | 2007-04-24 | 2015-10-28 | Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company LLC | Electric traction drives |
| CA2983530A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 | 2009-01-08 | Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company, Llc | Continuously variable transmission |
| WO2009065055A2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2009-05-22 | Fallbrook Technologies Inc. | Controller for variable transmission |
| EP2304272B1 (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2017-03-08 | Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company LLC | Continuously variable transmission |
| US8469856B2 (en) | 2008-08-26 | 2013-06-25 | Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company Llc | Continuously variable transmission |
| US8888643B2 (en) | 2010-11-10 | 2014-11-18 | Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company Llc | Continuously variable transmission |
| AU2012240435B2 (en) | 2011-04-04 | 2016-04-28 | Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company Llc | Auxiliary power unit having a continuously variable transmission |
| US10047861B2 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2018-08-14 | Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company Llc | Systems and methods for controlling rollback in continuously variable transmissions |
| US11215268B2 (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2022-01-04 | Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company Llc | Continuously variable transmissions, synchronous shifting, twin countershafts and methods for control of same |
| WO2020176392A1 (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2020-09-03 | Fallbrook Intellectual Property Company Llc | Reversible variable drives and systems and methods for control in forward and reverse directions |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB569744A (en) * | 1943-11-10 | 1945-06-06 | Int Alloys Ltd | Improvements relating to the production of magnesium |
| US2390016A (en) * | 1944-03-10 | 1945-11-27 | New Jersey Zinc Co | Charge preparation |
| US3114627A (en) * | 1963-12-17 | Producing metallic magnesium from a | ||
| US3441402A (en) * | 1965-12-15 | 1969-04-29 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Continuous process for the production of magnesium |
-
1972
- 1972-10-30 FR FR7238394A patent/FR2204697B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-10-26 CA CA184,378A patent/CA1001421A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-10-29 NO NO4173/73A patent/NO133843C/no unknown
- 1973-10-29 JP JP12157073A patent/JPS5348166B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-10-29 US US00410965A patent/US3837843A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-10-30 BR BR8513/73A patent/BR7308513D0/pt unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3114627A (en) * | 1963-12-17 | Producing metallic magnesium from a | ||
| GB569744A (en) * | 1943-11-10 | 1945-06-06 | Int Alloys Ltd | Improvements relating to the production of magnesium |
| US2390016A (en) * | 1944-03-10 | 1945-11-27 | New Jersey Zinc Co | Charge preparation |
| US3441402A (en) * | 1965-12-15 | 1969-04-29 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Continuous process for the production of magnesium |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3918959A (en) * | 1973-12-28 | 1975-11-11 | Showa Denko Kk | Process for production of magnesium |
| US4648900A (en) * | 1980-12-08 | 1987-03-10 | Bostroem Olle | Suction sintering method and apparatus therefor |
| US4400207A (en) * | 1981-05-13 | 1983-08-23 | Continental Alloys S.A. | Method of producing metal alloys |
| ES2125829A1 (es) * | 1997-03-04 | 1999-03-01 | Univ Salamanca | Procedimiento para la obtencion de magnesio. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR7308513D0 (pt) | 1974-08-15 |
| NO133843C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1976-07-07 |
| FR2204697A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-05-24 |
| AU6192173A (en) | 1975-05-01 |
| NO133843B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1976-03-29 |
| JPS5348166B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1978-12-27 |
| CA1001421A (en) | 1976-12-14 |
| JPS505211A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-01-20 |
| FR2204697B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-01-03 |
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