US3837458A - Coded input and output apparatus for typewriters - Google Patents

Coded input and output apparatus for typewriters Download PDF

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Publication number
US3837458A
US3837458A US00273080A US27308072A US3837458A US 3837458 A US3837458 A US 3837458A US 00273080 A US00273080 A US 00273080A US 27308072 A US27308072 A US 27308072A US 3837458 A US3837458 A US 3837458A
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Prior art keywords
bars
levers
decoding
receiving
transmitting
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00273080A
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English (en)
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F Bretti
F Valle
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Olivetti SpA
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Olivetti SpA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J7/00—Type-selecting or type-actuating mechanisms
    • B41J7/54—Selecting arrangements including combinations, permutation, summation, or aggregation means
    • B41J7/66—Movable members, e.g. pins, displaceable according to a code

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A typewriter is provided with an input and output apparatus having receiving and transmitting bars.
  • the receiving bars are urged by springs and are latched to latches controlled by electromagnet's.
  • a series of decoding levers senses the receiving bars on receiving of input signals for setting one of said decoding levers corresponding to the combination of positions of the receiving bars.
  • a lever rocked by a continuously rotating cam causes the decoding lever so set to be shifted for actuating the type-hammer associated thereto.
  • FIG. 5 16 CODED INPUT AND OUTPUT APPARATUS FOR TYPEWRITERS CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
  • the convention priority application for this invention is Italian Patent Application No. 69435-A/7l filed on July 20, 1971 in Italy.
  • the present invention relates to a coded input and output apparatus for typewriters which is prearranged both to receive in code electric signals corresponding to characters of the keyboard of the machine so as to activate the kinematic striking chain thereof, and to generate electric signals corresponding to the characters printed by the machine.
  • the object of the present invention is to produce a coded input and output apparatus for typewriters relatively simple, of reduced dimensions and not expensive.
  • coded input and output apparatus for typewriters having type hammers, the input means of which comprises a plurality of receiving bars retained by springs and positionable by them by means of the release of corresponding electromagnetically controlled latches on reception of the relative signals, and in which the receiving bars are sensed by a series of decoding levers individually associated with the hammers and adapted to be set to a-selection position on recognition of a corresponding combination of positions of the receiving bars, the apparatus further comprising a cylindrically actuated common element which shifts in a command direction the lever set in this way to 'activatethe hammer associated therewith forstriking, the said common element. being arranged to reset the receiving bars in a subsequent part of its cycle to bring them back under BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a typewriter in which apparatus embodying the invention is incorporated;
  • FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of the receiving assembly of the apparatus
  • FIG.- 3 is a diagrammatic side view of a number of parts of the assembly of FIG. 2 in the position corresponding to the beginning of a receiving cycle;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic side view of the parts shown in FIG. 3 in a stage of the receiving cycle following the foregoing one;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic side view of the parts shown in FIGS. 3 and'4 in a further stage of the receiving cycle;
  • FIG. 6 is a partial plan view of a number of parts of the receiving assembly of FIG. 2 in the position corresponding to the beginningof a receiving cycle;
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of the parts shown in FIG. 6 in the position corresponding to the stage of thereceiving cycle shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a rear perspective view' of the transmitting assembly of the apparatus.
  • FIG, 9 is a front perspective view of a number of parts of the transmitting assembly of FIG. 8; 7
  • FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 show diagrammatically a'number of bars and aslider which form part of the transmit ting assembly, in different relative positions;
  • FIG. 13 shows diagrammatically the bars of FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 and a-pair of sliders which co-operate with one of these bars, during the simultaneous actuation of two printing keys of the typewriter.
  • the coded input and output apparatus for typewriters is disposed in the lower part of atypewriter 1 (FIG. 1), and comprises in the main two assemblies, these being a receiving assembly 2, and a transmitting assembly 3, the first being disposed somewhat in front of and below the kinematic striking train of the machine and the second below the kinematic train.
  • the receiving assembly (FIG. 2) comprises a shaft 4 which is caused to rotate clockwise by means of a motor (not shown) and with which a cam 5 is fast.
  • This cam has'three lobes (FIGS.'2 and .3) and'is arranged to co-operate with a cam follower roller 7 of a rocking lever 8, which can oscillate about a fixed spindle 9.
  • An arm 12 of the rocking lever B is provided with a cam follower roller :13 arranged to co-operate with a cam 14 fast with a shaft 15 which can turn in the frame of the machine and to which a lug plate l6-is fixed.
  • the cam follower roller'7 of therocking lever 8 is kept permanently in contact with the active profile of the cam 5 by a coilspring 17, while another coil spring 18 fixed to a plate 19 fast with the shaft 15 tends to cause this shaft, and therefore also the lug plate 16, to rotate clockwise in FIGS.'2 and 3.
  • the arm 12 is moreover connected by means of a connecting rod 20 to the core of a solenoid 21.
  • the lug plate 16, which is substantially U-shaped, has a projecting edge 23 and a C shapedbent portion 24 parallel to the shaft 15. Located on the C-shaped bent portion throughout its length is a spiral spring 29 fixed at the ends of the bent portion 24 On a plate 25 (FIG.
  • This lever has a lug 37 designed to engage with a corresponding tooth 38 of the bar 26, which tooth is provided with an inclined back edge 39.
  • the relative position of the projections 33, 34 and of the pin 36 is such as to compel the spring 32 to bear on the pin 36 in such manner as to produce two lengths of spring which are substantially rectilinear and form a certain angle between them, as is clearly visible in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the spring 32 is able to generate forces of two different directions, one for shifting the bar 26 and the other for rotating the lever 35.
  • To a fork 41 of one of the arms of the bell crank lever 35 there is connected an armature 42 of a corresponding solenoid 43 also fixed to the plate 25.
  • the levers 35 and teeth 38 thereby act as electromagnetically controlled latches.
  • the receiving bars 26 can be shifted to the right in FIGS. 2, 6 and 7, overcoming the elastic reaction of the springs 32, by means of a recocking bail 44 pivoting on a pin 45 fixed to the plate 25.
  • This bail is provided with lug 46 arranged to co-operate with one end of the bars themselves, and also with another lug 47 arranged to co-operate with a roller 48 pivoted on the rocking lever 8 at an intermediate point between its axis of rotation and the cam follower roller 13.
  • a stop pin 50 fixed to the plate 25 limits the angular excursion, clockwise in FIGS. 6 and 7, of the bail 44.
  • decoding levers 51 In front of the receiving bars 26 there are disposed decoding levers 51 (FIGS.
  • Each lever 51 is articulated by a pin 53 (FIGS. 2 and 3) to a corresponding actuating lever 54 pivoted on a spindle 55, is guided by a slot 56 (FIG. 2) in the plate 25 and is normally kept rotated towards the receiving bars 26 by a coil spring 57.
  • Each lever is moreover provided with a hook 58 and with a bearing surface 59 designed to co-operate with the projecting edge 23 and with the spring 29 of the lug plate 16, respectively.
  • Each actuating lever 54 is arranged to activate, in the manner which will be described hereinafter, the kinematic striking train of the machine to bring the corresponding type hammer 52 (FIG. 2) against the printing cylinder or platen of the machine.
  • This kinematic striking train which is known per se, comprises a printing lever 60 (FIGS. 2 and 3) pivoting on a spindle 61 and pulled by a coil spring 62.
  • the upper end 63 of this lever is connected by means of tie rods 64 (FIG. 2) and a bell crank lever 65 to one end of the corresponding type hammer 52.
  • tie rods 64 FIG. 2
  • the catch 71 has a lug 76 (FIG. 2) designed to cooperate with a plate 77 shifted by a lever 78 actuated, in turn, by the corresponding printing key (not shown) in manner known per se.
  • the same lug 76 co-operates with a projection 79 (FIG. 3) formed on the end of the actuating lever 54 to activate, in the manner which will be described hereinafter, the corresponding printing lever 60.
  • the transmitting assembly of the apparatus which can be seen in front in FIG. 9 and at the rear and partially in FIG. 8, comprises a plurality of sliders 81 (FIGS. 3, 9 and 8) slidable vertically in a support 82.
  • Each slider is provided with a vertical arm 83 (FIGS. 9 and 3) and a projection 84, the first guided in a slit 85 and the second in a slotted hole 86 in the support itself.
  • Coil springs 92 (FIGS. 9 and 3), the ends of which are fixed to the projections 84 of the sliders 81 and to corresponding projections 93 of the support 82, tend to shift the sliders upwardly.
  • the width of the forks 88 is greater than the thickness of the lugs 91, as a result of which, in the inoperative position of the printing levers 60 and of the sliders 81 (FIG. 3), each lug 91 bears on the lower prong of each fork 88, leaving a certain play with respect to the other prong.
  • the force exerted by the spring 62 (FIGS. 3 and 2) of each printing lever 60 is greater than that exerted by the spring 92 (FIG. 3) of the corresponding slider 81, as a result of which, in the inoperative position of the apparatus, these levers keep the sliders lowered, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 3.
  • the support 82 bears six transmitting bars 94 (FIGS. 9, 3 and 8), each of which can slide in the support 82, being supported by pins 95 (FIG. 8) fast with the support itself and coupled to corresponding slotted holes 96 in the bars.
  • Each bar is provided with a plurality of inclined surfaces 97, 98 (FIGS. 9 and 10) designed to co-operate with the V-shaped edge 87 of the sliders 81; as can be seen in FIG. 10, the inclined surfaces 97 and 98 have opposite inclinations and are followed by slots 97a.
  • Each bar 94 is provided with a slot 99 (FIG. 9) with the inside of which there co-operates a lug 100 of a bail 101 (FIG.
  • each bail pivoting on a pin 102 fixed to the support 82.
  • the cross-piece 103 of each bail is designed to open and close a reed relay magnetic switch, comprising a permanent magnet 104 and a pair of metal contacts 105, between which this cross-piece can dispose itself to form a screen for the magnetic flux between the magnet and the aforesaid contacts.
  • These switches which are shown per se, are closed when the cross-piece 103 is not located between the magnet 104 and the contacts 105 and are open when the crosspiece is located between these parts, for the bars 94 ghifted to the left and to the right, respectively, in FIG.
  • each bail 101 there moreover acts a coil spring 106 fixed to projections 107 and 108, which balances the action of the magnet 104 on the bail itself.
  • Another bar 111 for commanding reading (FIGS. 9 and is also mounted slidably on the pins 95 (FIG. 8) of the support 82 and has a series of inclined surfaces 112 (FIGS. 9 and 10) which are located a little higher with respect to the inclined surfaces 97, 98 of the bars 94 and which are inclined like the surfaces 98.
  • the bar 111 is also provided with a slot 113 (FIG. 9) co-operating with a lug 114 of a bail 115 (FIGS. 8 and 9) pivoting on a pin 116; an arm of this bail is provided with a lug 117 designed to activate a microswitch 118 carried by the support 82.
  • a coil spring 119 normally keeps the bail 115 turned anticlockwise in FIG. 8 and the bar 111 shifted to the left.
  • a positioning bail 121 (FIG. 9) which can turn on a pin 122 fixed to the support 82 is normally kept turned anticlockwise by-a spring 123 and is provided with a pin 124 designed to co-operate with the inside of one of the two notches 125 formed in the bars 94.
  • the solenoids 43 (FIG. 2) of the receiving assembly 2 and the contacts 105 (FIG. 8) of the transmitting assembly 3 are connected to an electric circuit (not shown) by means of which it is possible to transmit and receive electric signals corresponding to the characters of thekeyboard of the typewriter in which the apparatus embodying the invention is incorporated.
  • the electromagnet 21 (FIG. 3) is de-energized and, therefore, the rocking lever 8, controlled by the cam 5, oscillates continuously.
  • Each receiving cycle begins through the agency of the detector 11 when the cam S is located in a position such as to have the cam follower roller 7 of the rocking lever 8 in correspondence with the upper end of one of its lobes 6, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the aforesaid electric signals energize one or more solenoids 43, thereby causing the respective armatures 42 (FIG. 7) to be shifted in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 7, producing the clockwise rotation of the levers 35 and overcoming the elastic reaction of the respective coil springs 32.
  • the lug 46 of the bail 44 therefore shifts the selected bars 26 to the right from the position of FIG. 7 to that of FIG. 6.
  • the lugs 37 of the levers 35 co-operating with the inclined back edges 39 of the teeth 38, are cammedover the teeth and engage the teeth again as in FIG. 6.
  • the relative position of the axis of rotation of the rocking lever 8 (FIG. 3), of the axis of the roller 13 and of the axis of the shaft 15 of the lug plate 16 and also the form of the cam 14 are such as to cause the rotation of the lug plate 16 to pass from the configuration of FIG. 3 to that of FIG. to take place at a speed which is initially very low and increasing during the cycle until the maximum is reached at the end of the cycle.
  • to pass from the configuration of FIG. 3 to that of FIG. 4 to a predetermined rotation of the rocking lever 8 there corresponds a small rotation of the lug plate 16, while to pass from the configuration of FIG. 4 to that of FIG.
  • the operation of the transmitting assembly of the apparatus takes place in the following manner.
  • the corresponding lever 78 (FIG. 2) is caused to rotate and the plate 77 is raised and shifts the lug 76 of the catch 71, causing the catch to rotate to give rise to a printing cycle, which takes place under the conditions described before.
  • the selected printing lever 60 is therefore caused to rotate from the position of FIG. 4 to that of FIG. 5, to which there corresponds the raising of its lug 91.
  • the spring 93 then pulls the slider 81 upwardly, bringing the edge 87 up to the bars 94 (FIG. 10, stroke a).
  • the edge 87 can now be located in correspondance with the inclined surfaces 97 or 98, in correspondence with the slots 970.
  • the selected slider 81 co-operating with the surface 97 shifts to the left the bar 94 previously positioned to the right, or sliding on the surface 98 shifts to the right the bars 94 previously positioned to the left.
  • the slider 81 makes an idle stroke and leaves the bar 94 in the previous position.
  • the V-shaped edge 87 also co-operates with an inclined surface 112 (FIG. 12) of the reading command bar 111, causing it to shift to the right in FIG. 12.
  • the pin 124 is cammed out of one notch 125 into the other in opposition to the action of the spring 123.
  • the positioning bail 121 exerting a constant load, thus assists in reducing the range of variation between the resistant forces on the spring 92 when a single bar is shifted and the resistant forces corresponding to the shifting of six bars.
  • the position bail 121 introducing itself into one of the notches 125, moreover corrects the final position of the said bars.
  • the assembly of bars 94 is also arranged to prevent the sending of the aforesaid signals to the electric circuit of the transmitting assembly when two printing keys are actuated at the same time. If two keys are depressed simultaneously, the respective sliders 81 (FIG. 13) are brought simultaneously towards the bars 94 and each of these sliders, co-operating with the inclined surfaces 97, 98 of these bars, tends to cause a predetermined series of bars 94 to shift to the left or right.
  • FIG. 13 shows a bar 94a belonging to one of the two aforesaid series which presents the inclined surfaces 97 and'98 of opposite inclinations to the two selected sliders 81.
  • the electromagnet 21 can be energized.
  • the roller 7 (FIG. 3) leaves the cam 6 and the rocking lever 8 remains locked, avoiding useless movement of the levers 51 and the bars 26.
  • a coded input and output apparatus for typewriters having type hammers including a plurality of receiving notched bars and a plurality of transmitting bars, a plurality of springs pulling said receiving bars,
  • latch means latching said receiving bars against the action of said springs, electromagnetic means responsive to corresponding input signals for selectively releasing said latch means for causing said springs to position said receiving bars for aligning corresponding notches thereof according to a character being selected, decoding levers disposed beneath said receiving bars and individually engageable with said hammers for the selective striking thereof, releasing means for causing said decoding levers to sense said receiving bars, so that one of said decoding levers enters into the corresponding notches of said receiving bars, and relatching bail means for relatching said receiving bars to said latch means, wherein the improvement comprises:
  • said common bail being operated by said cam follower means and moving from a rest position to an actuated position against an end of said entered one of said decoding levers to translate linearly said one decoding lever for actuating the associated one of said hammers for striking;
  • cam follower means comprise a rocking lever cooperating with said cam means, said rocking lever including a cam follower portion and the apparatus further comprising a cam member fixed to said common bail and a tensioning spring pulling said common bail for holding said cam member in contact with said cam follower portion of said rocking lever for causing said entered one of said decoding levers to be yieldingly actuated through said common bail by said tensioning spring.
  • said cam means include a cam continuously rotatable and said cam follower means include a rocking lever which is caused to oscillate by said cam continuously rotatable, and further comprising another electromagnetic means said other electromagnet on receiving of a corresponding starting signal operating said rocking lever from a rest position away from said continuously rotatable cam to an operative position following said rotatable cam.
  • said decoding levers include a corresponding hook and are urged by corresponding springs
  • said common bail including a lug plate provided with aprojecting part adapted to engage said corresponding hook of said decoding levers, when entered on the aligned notches, said first portion of said releasing means including a second'part of said lug plate for normally keeping said decoding levers away from said notched receiving bars against the action of the springs corresponding to said decoding levers.
  • cam follower means include a reciprocal moving member supporting a corresponding roller
  • said relatching bail means including a bail cooperating with said receiving bars
  • said intermediate member includes a projecting lug of said relatching bail, said lug contacting said corresponding roller for relatching said receiving bars during the reciprocal movement of said reciprocal moving member.
  • a coded input and output apparatus having type hammers, intermediate printing levers, and means selectively operating said printing levers for causing the striking of one selected of said hammers, comprising a plurality 'of transmitting bars permutatively shiftable to emit coded signals corresponding to said selected one of said hammers, said transmitting bars being provided with a series of inclined edges, and a series of encoding elements each including an end with plural abutments, said encoding elements adapted to co-operate with said inclined edges for positioning said transmitting bars, wherein the improvement comprises:
  • said hold-. ing elements include aligned lugs
  • said transmitting bars include a series of sliders stacked in vertical planes and including lowerand upper lengthened edges extending horizontally,,said sliders being slidable in horizontal supports disposed adjacent below said aligned lugs, said inclined edges being formed in said lower edges of said transmitting sliders and said encoding elements including vertical sliders shiftable upwardly by the action of said spring means, as a result of which the vertical component of the force of said encoding element on said inclined edges over said horizontal supports is balanced by the weight of said transmitting bars.
  • Apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising magnetically controlled switches associated to said transmitting bars, each of said switches including magnet means for generating a magnetic flux, contact switches, and balancing spring means operating on said' screen element for counterbalancing the attractive force of said magnet means on said screen element.
  • transmission bars are also provided with positioning notches, further comprising a spring loaded positioning element adapted to cooperate with said positioning notches for correcting the positions of said plurality of transmitting bars and adding a further constant load which reduces the variation of load on said encoding elements, arising in shifting one or more of said transmitting sliders.
  • a code input and output apparatus for typewriters having type hammers, intermediate printing levers associated with said hammers, and means selectively actuating said printing levers for causing the striking of one selected of said hammers, comprising a plurality of receiving bars having notches; spring means pulling said receiving bars; latch means for selectively releasing said receiving bars, so as to cause said springs to position said receiving bars for aligning corresponding notches thereof according to a character being selected; a series of decoding levers individually associated with said hammers and adapted to singularly enter on the aligned notches, transmitting bars adapted to emit coded output signals in correspondence to said character being selected, said transmitting bars being provided with a series of inclined edges; and a series of encoding elements associated with said hammers and adapted to cooperate with said edges for positioning said bars according to a combination of positions corresponding to a striking hammer, wherein the improvement comprises:
  • a power actuated common element said common element actuates a common bail which is movable against the one entered of said decoding levers for linearly shifting said one entered of said decoding levers so as to activate the associated one of said type hammers for striking;

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US00273080A 1971-07-20 1972-07-19 Coded input and output apparatus for typewriters Expired - Lifetime US3837458A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4050566A (en) * 1975-11-18 1977-09-27 Hamilton Communications, Inc. Mechanical code converter for use with a typewriter or the like
US4146336A (en) * 1977-07-18 1979-03-27 Hasenbalg Ralph D Keyboard actuator for typewriters and the like
FR2410563A1 (fr) * 1977-11-30 1979-06-29 Savin Business Machines Corp Dispositif peu encombrant de commande de clavier de machine a ecrire ou autre
US4207010A (en) * 1978-07-17 1980-06-10 Wernsing William O Digital system for control of an electric typewriter

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2684745A (en) * 1950-11-21 1954-07-27 Ibm Teletypewriter
US2700446A (en) * 1950-10-13 1955-01-25 Commerical Controls Corp Tape controlled typewriter
US2895337A (en) * 1956-10-18 1959-07-21 Toledo Scale Corp Permutation member tooth design
US3306417A (en) * 1964-05-04 1967-02-28 Olivetti & Co Spa Keyboard mechanism for generating code with selectable code member sets
US3327828A (en) * 1966-01-25 1967-06-27 Friden Inc Keyboard mechanism having latch means
US3342296A (en) * 1964-10-16 1967-09-19 George B Greene Typewriter with means to decrease rate of operation to prevent typebar malfunction
US3422946A (en) * 1966-08-25 1969-01-21 Siemens Ag Keyboard with binary signal generating structure
US3647042A (en) * 1970-07-20 1972-03-07 Novar Corp Electrical character select mechanism for typewriter

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2700446A (en) * 1950-10-13 1955-01-25 Commerical Controls Corp Tape controlled typewriter
US2684745A (en) * 1950-11-21 1954-07-27 Ibm Teletypewriter
US2895337A (en) * 1956-10-18 1959-07-21 Toledo Scale Corp Permutation member tooth design
US3306417A (en) * 1964-05-04 1967-02-28 Olivetti & Co Spa Keyboard mechanism for generating code with selectable code member sets
US3342296A (en) * 1964-10-16 1967-09-19 George B Greene Typewriter with means to decrease rate of operation to prevent typebar malfunction
US3327828A (en) * 1966-01-25 1967-06-27 Friden Inc Keyboard mechanism having latch means
US3422946A (en) * 1966-08-25 1969-01-21 Siemens Ag Keyboard with binary signal generating structure
US3647042A (en) * 1970-07-20 1972-03-07 Novar Corp Electrical character select mechanism for typewriter

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4050566A (en) * 1975-11-18 1977-09-27 Hamilton Communications, Inc. Mechanical code converter for use with a typewriter or the like
US4146336A (en) * 1977-07-18 1979-03-27 Hasenbalg Ralph D Keyboard actuator for typewriters and the like
FR2410563A1 (fr) * 1977-11-30 1979-06-29 Savin Business Machines Corp Dispositif peu encombrant de commande de clavier de machine a ecrire ou autre
US4207010A (en) * 1978-07-17 1980-06-10 Wernsing William O Digital system for control of an electric typewriter

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GB1394250A (en) 1975-05-14

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