US3836975A - Logarithmic, periodical antenna array - Google Patents

Logarithmic, periodical antenna array Download PDF

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Publication number
US3836975A
US3836975A US00337176A US33717673A US3836975A US 3836975 A US3836975 A US 3836975A US 00337176 A US00337176 A US 00337176A US 33717673 A US33717673 A US 33717673A US 3836975 A US3836975 A US 3836975A
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United States
Prior art keywords
boom
radiators
dipole
feeding
gap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00337176A
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English (en)
Inventor
E Cassel
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ALLGON ANTENN AB
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ALLGON ANTENN AB
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Filing date
Publication date
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/10—Logperiodic antennas

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [22] Filed; Man 1, 1973
  • the invention relates to a logarithmic, periodical antenna array with dipoles of varying length attached to PP 337,176 a boom, surrounding feeders in contact with the radiator elements of the dipoles.
  • the antenna preferably [30] Foreign Application Priority Data has adjustable operating direction.
  • each half-wave dipole has a central portion [52] U S Cl 343/792 5 343/801 343/802 protruding from the boom and surrounded by two tu- 343/807 bularbcollinear1 membersi separhateg by a gap; Tkhe inner mem er 1s on y secure to t e oom, an t e outer [51] l Holq 9/16 Hmq 9/28 Holq 11/10 member only to the end of the arm.
  • FIGJ. 1 A first figure.
  • the invention relates to a logarithmic, periodical antenna array with dipoles, a so-called log-periodic antenna, each pair of dipoles of which being of half-wave type, and the feeding of which is taking place through feeders, which are disposed in a boom supporting the dipole elements.
  • the basis for the invention is an antenna array, preferably of the kind made for variable inclination and for rotation around a vertical shaft.
  • An antenna array of said log-periodic kind consists of dipole radiator elements which are mutually arranged in parallel perpendicularly to two conductors which may be arranged in a supporting boom.
  • dipole radiator elements which are mutually arranged in parallel perpendicularly to two conductors which may be arranged in a supporting boom.
  • one element is connected to one of the conductors and the other element to the other conductor, and the elements in the following pairs change conductors in the boom, and the pairs of dipole elements are both with respect to the length of the elements and to their mutual distances along the boom forming geometric series.
  • special rules apply, which in this connection are left to be understood.
  • radiator elements the number of which may for instance be pairs, will thereby be inactive.
  • the directivity of the antenna increases with increasing boom length for a given band width of the antenna. If the boom length is maintained and if the plough-shape is influenced by varying the relation between the shortest and the longest dipole pair, one finds that the directivity increases if said relation goes towards unity, but this then takes place at the cost of the band width of the antenna.
  • the directivity could also be increased by using socalled stacking of several antenna arrays. This, however, implies a considerable increase of dimensions and weight of the antenna, and for the above stated reasons such a solution will be less usable.
  • the invention relates to a solution of the problem, for a given boom length and by maintaining the other dimensions of the antenna, to increase the obtainable directivity.
  • the new features of the invention is that in a first, lower frequency range each co-operating collinear pair of radiator elements on the boom is fed to give a current distribution characteristic for a half-wave dipole with a maximum current point at the boom, whilst in a second higher frequency range the same pair of radiator elements is fed in order to give two collinear half-wave dipoles with a current distribution for each one of the said half-wave dipoles, having a maximum current point substantially at the middle of each dipole element.
  • the operative frequency range of the antenna is thus divided into two portions, and the entire antenna array is used for both portions.
  • the antenna array is then used as a conventional log-periodic antenna with a half-wave dipole using two collinear radiator elements.
  • the same antenna array can be used for the second higher frequency range and then one half-wave dipole appears across each radiator element and two half-wave dipoles will thus be collinear within every dipole pair.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a longitudinal section through a dipole pair of an antenna according to the invention, the supporting boom and the feeders being shown in cross section.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section according to line AA through one radiator element in FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show projections, similar to those in FIG. 1, of two modifications according to the invention.
  • each radiator dipole element consists of a central arm 1, which is surrounded by two tubular parts 2 and 3 arranged collinearly, and preferably having the same diameter and being separated from each other by a gap 4.
  • the inner tube part 2 i.e., the one which is nearest to the boom 5, which is made as a parallelepipedic box with rectangular cross section, is at its circumference secured to the boom, for instance by welding, and extends, without contact with the arm 1, along said arm.
  • the outer tube part 3 is supported by the arm 1 by a distance member 10 of insulating material, secured to the periphery of said tube part.
  • the second tube part 3 is thus without galvanic connection with the arm 1.
  • both the tube part 2 and the tube part 3 have at least one, in the shown case two, metal members arranged outside the tube part, which metal member extends along the tube part and which for each tube part is only secured at the gap 4.
  • two metal members 6 and 7 are thus arranged in parallel to the tube part and are only secured at the gap 4, so that galvanic connection with the tube part is lacking at the ends of the metal members nearest to the boom 5.
  • two metal members 8, 9 are also arranged in parallel to the tube part and these too are only secured at the gap 4 and are free from the tube part at the outer end of the radiator element.
  • FIG. 2 which shows a radial cross section through a whip in FIG. 1 in direction towards the boom 5, according to the line A A is evident that the two metal members 8 and 9 (and in this case also the parts 6 and 7) are not surrounding the tube part 3, but are leaving approximately equal parts of its circumference free.
  • FIG. 2 also shows the arm 1 and the distance element 10, whereby the tube part 3 is supported by said arm.
  • the right-hand radiator element in FIG. 1 is built in the same manner as is described for the left-hand element in the dipole pair.
  • the antenna operates in the following mamner:
  • the feeding of a radiator element takes place from one 11 of the feeders in the parallel feeder 11,12, in the boom 5.
  • the voltage between the feeder ll and the boom is coaxially transferred to the gap 4 of the radiator element in accordance with the arrow 13.
  • the voltage at the gap together with the corresponding voltage of the opposite element, which is fed from the second feeder 12 (with opposite polarity) will give a current distribution I normal for dipole antennas, with a current maximum at the boom 5.
  • the new antenna array can be built with a smaller plough shape, i.e., with a minor length difference betweenthe longest and the shortest pair of dipoles, than for an antenna with a strong plough shape, and in spite thereof the antenna will be able to cover a large frequency range, as the antenna array is used twice within the whole frequency range.
  • This also means that more than three pairs of collinear radiator elements will now be active for each frequency within each portion of the frequency range, which will increase the directivity for the lower portion of the frequency range.
  • Within the higher portion of the frequency range both the same advantage will be obtained and also the effect that within one and the same antenna array two automatically stacked log-periodic antennas will be obtained.
  • the arm 1 is secured in a cavity in the wall of the boom 5 by means of a dielectric disc 15.
  • FIG. 3 a similar projection as in FIG. I is shown.
  • the boom 5 with the parallel feeder ll, 12 is supporting two radiator elements in the form of arms 1, which in this case are tubular and by means of dielectric discs are secured in cavities in the wall of the boom.
  • two tube parts 2 and 3 are arranged around and on the arm 1.
  • the tube part 2 is provided with metal members according to FIG. 2, for instance.
  • wires l6, 17 have been arranged which correspond to the metal members 6 and 7 in the embodiment according to FIG. 3. Said wires are via insulators l8 and I9 drawn to the top end of supports 20, 21 which are arranged at the uppermost and the lowermost side of the boom 5. The other ends of the wires are secured to the tube part 2 at the gap 4.
  • the advantage of a lighter structure is gained, since the metal members 6 -9 can be omitted, and also that the radiator elements will be stayed by the wires 16, 17. The mode of operation is unchanged.
  • each radiator element in a dipole comprises a non-radiating central arm, each arm in every dipole being'connected to one of the feeder conductors, adjacent dipoles being fed in opposite phase by shifting the connections from the feeder conductors to said central conductors; each conductor in a dipole forming part of the screened feeding system an ending at about half the length of the radiator element where an active feeding gap is constituted, and that in a first lower frequency range each co-operating collinear pair of radiator elements on the boom,'when in resonance for a given lower frequency is fed at its two gaps to give a current distribution, characteristic for a half-wave dipole with maximum current point at the boom, while in

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
US00337176A 1972-03-29 1973-03-01 Logarithmic, periodical antenna array Expired - Lifetime US3836975A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE04082/72A SE361110B (xx) 1972-03-29 1972-03-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3836975A true US3836975A (en) 1974-09-17

Family

ID=20263485

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00337176A Expired - Lifetime US3836975A (en) 1972-03-29 1973-03-01 Logarithmic, periodical antenna array

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3836975A (xx)
AU (1) AU6009073A (xx)
CH (1) CH553487A (xx)
DE (1) DE2315823A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2178044B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1414870A (xx)
NO (1) NO133299C (xx)
SE (1) SE361110B (xx)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5140336A (en) * 1990-08-31 1992-08-18 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Non-resonant antenna for wind profilers
US6693602B1 (en) * 1999-11-19 2004-02-17 Eads Radio Communication Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Antenna system
WO2006130069A1 (en) 2005-06-02 2006-12-07 Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut Broadband lossless dipole antenna
US20110227776A1 (en) * 2008-02-21 2011-09-22 Webb Spencer L Multi-feed dipole antenna and method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE506868C2 (sv) * 1996-05-29 1998-02-23 Allgon Ab Långsträckt antenn samt metallförbindningselement

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2683808A (en) * 1947-02-17 1954-07-13 Shumaker Clifton Broad band antenna
CA710928A (en) * 1965-06-01 Koster Koert High low band antenna
US3534369A (en) * 1967-04-20 1970-10-13 Jerrold Electronics Corp Multiband tv-fm antenna

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB758772A (en) * 1954-06-16 1956-10-10 Belling & Lee Ltd Aerial systems

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA710928A (en) * 1965-06-01 Koster Koert High low band antenna
US2683808A (en) * 1947-02-17 1954-07-13 Shumaker Clifton Broad band antenna
US3534369A (en) * 1967-04-20 1970-10-13 Jerrold Electronics Corp Multiband tv-fm antenna

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5140336A (en) * 1990-08-31 1992-08-18 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Non-resonant antenna for wind profilers
US6693602B1 (en) * 1999-11-19 2004-02-17 Eads Radio Communication Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Antenna system
WO2006130069A1 (en) 2005-06-02 2006-12-07 Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut Broadband lossless dipole antenna
US20100220026A1 (en) * 2005-06-02 2010-09-02 Torleif Martin Broadband Lossless Dipole Antenna
US8054236B2 (en) 2005-06-02 2011-11-08 Totalfösvarets Forskningsinstitut Broadband lossless dipole antenna
US20110227776A1 (en) * 2008-02-21 2011-09-22 Webb Spencer L Multi-feed dipole antenna and method
US8451185B2 (en) 2008-02-21 2013-05-28 Antennasys, Inc. Multi-feed dipole antenna and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2315823A1 (de) 1973-10-11
NO133299C (xx) 1976-04-07
FR2178044A1 (xx) 1973-11-09
AU6009073A (en) 1975-03-06
CH553487A (de) 1974-08-30
FR2178044B1 (xx) 1977-09-02
GB1414870A (en) 1975-11-19
SE361110B (xx) 1973-10-15
NO133299B (xx) 1975-12-29

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