US3835274A - Contact system for a high-voltage circuit breaker - Google Patents

Contact system for a high-voltage circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
US3835274A
US3835274A US00366541A US36654173A US3835274A US 3835274 A US3835274 A US 3835274A US 00366541 A US00366541 A US 00366541A US 36654173 A US36654173 A US 36654173A US 3835274 A US3835274 A US 3835274A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
nozzle
tubular member
contact system
shaped body
counterbore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00366541A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
H Marin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19722230927 external-priority patent/DE2230927C3/de
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3835274A publication Critical patent/US3835274A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7038—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by a conducting tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H01H33/7053—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by a conducting tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle having a bridging element around two hollow tubular contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
    • H01H11/041—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by bonding of a contact marking face to a contact body portion

Definitions

  • a contact system for a high-voltage circuit breaker of the compressed-gas type or the like defines a gap across which an arc is drawn when the breaker is switched to the open position.
  • the contact system includes at least one hollow, nozzle-shaped contact piece which defines one end of the gap when the breaker is switched to the open position.
  • the contact piece includes an electrically conductive tubular member made of cold work-hardened copper.
  • a nozzleshaped body'made of arc-resistant graphite is cold press-fitted into the tubular member at an end portion thereof so as to be held in surrounding engagement thereby in a friction-tight manner.
  • the circuit breaker includes two contact pieces which are movable relative to each other and across which an arc is drawn when the breaker is opened.
  • the contact pieces are made of carbon, preferably graphite, in order to keep the destruction of the contact and the formation of decomposition products low during the time that the arc is effective.
  • the graphite contact pieces are solid and are inserted into cup-shaped electrodes. The walls of the cup-shaped electrodes engage at least partially with undercuts on the periphery of the contact pieces to achieve a secure mechanical and electrical connection.
  • the contact pieces In high-voltage power circuit breakers, and in particular, in compressed-gas circuit breakers, it is advantageous to make the contact pieces hollow and suitable for exhausting the arc gases which are produced during the opening operation of thebreaker.
  • the hollow contact pieces have end faces whereat they carry the arcing electrodes.
  • these arcing electrodes can have an annular configuration and can be provided with a U-shaped profile.
  • a supporting body is arranged between the legs of the U- shapcd profile.
  • the graphite electrode is held in a friction-tight manner so as to be secured against breakage and to be mechanically stable.
  • the contact piece supporting the graphite electrode of a high electrically conductive material, particularly copper, so that high rated currents can be transmitted without appreciable temperature rise.
  • the use of copper tubing as the holder for the graphite electrodes causes problems because, with the interference required for the friction fit, it is possible that the strength of the copper can be exceeded. A shrink joint can therefore produce a tear.
  • a contact system according to the invention is utilized in a high-voltage circuit breaker of the compressed-gas type or the like.
  • the contact system defines a gap which is blasted with gas to quench an arc drawn thereacross when the breaker is switched to the open position.
  • the contact system includes at least one hollow, nozzle-shaped contact piece defining one end of the gap when the breaker is switched to the open position.
  • the contact piece includes an electrically conductive tubular member made of cold work-hardened copper and a nozzle-shaped body made of arc-resistant graphite cold press-fitted into the work-hardened tubular member at the end portion thereof so as to be held in surrounding engagement thereby in a friction-tight manner.
  • the nozzle-shaped body consisting of graphite is thus pressed into the tube in cold condition and is embraced by the latter so as to form a friction fit therewith.
  • the cold work-hardening of the copper tube causes the strength properties thereof to be substantially increased; these properties are maintained below the recrystallization temperature of the copper material used in each case, for instance, +l50C.
  • the copper tube can consequently withstand the forces safely, which are required for a friction fit. With the invention, a joint is achieved which securely joins the copper and graphite members with each other.
  • the peripheral surface intended for the friction fit with the tube is formed by a cylindrical recess of the nozzle-shaped body which engages with a matching internal cylindrical recess of the tube.
  • the radial dimension of the internal recess of the tube can be about one-half of the wall thickness of the tube.
  • An amount of interference of the outer surface of the nozzle-shaped body relative to the tube recess is preferably provided such that in a temperature range between 40 and +C, the pressure stresses of the material of the nozzle-shaped body and of the tube material do not exceed the permissible value at any point of the engagement area.
  • it is advantageously stressed only in compression in the engagement area.
  • the drawing illustrates the contact system according to the invention.
  • the contact system is shown disposed in the switching chamber of an electric highvoltage power circuit breaker of the compressed-gas type.
  • the top half of the drawing above the center line shows the movable bridging member in a position corresponding to the closed position of the breaker, and in the lower DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
  • the circuit breaker has a switching chamber 2 consisting of porcelain, for example.
  • the interior 1 of the chamber 2 is filled with sulfur hexafluoride as the quenching and insulating medium.
  • the switching chamber 2 is of tubular shape and includes two centrically disposed stationary contact pieces 3, 4; these contact pieces are mutually adjacent so as to define a gap therebetween and are of identical configuration.
  • the contact pieces 3, 4 each include an electrically conducting tube 5, 6.
  • Each of the tubes, 5, 6 has an end portion whereat a nozzle-shaped body 7, 8 made of graphite is carried, the graphite being an arc-resistant material.
  • the two tubes 5, 6 are made of copper and are bridged in an electrically conducting manner by a bridging contact member 12 when the breaker is in the closed position as shown above the longitudinal center line.
  • the bridging contact member 12 arrives in the position shown below the center line which corresponds to the open position of the breaker.
  • an arc is drawn between the graphite nozzle-shaped bodies 7 and 8.
  • a jet of gas originating in the interior 1 of the switching chamber 2 drives the are into the interior of the hollow, nozzle-shaped contact pieces 3 and 4 until it is extinguished at the zero crossing of the alternating current.
  • the tubes 5 and 6 of the contact pieces consist of cold work-hardened copper and have each, in the area of the end portion, a recess in the form of a cylindrical counterbore 9, the radial dimension of which is about one-half of the wall thickness a of the tubes 3, 4.
  • the nozzle-shaped bodies 7, 8 each have a cylindrical open recess 11 at their outer surface 10 which establishes a friction fit with the corresponding tube 5 or 6.
  • the nozzle-shaped bodies 7, 8 consisting of graphite are cold pressed into the counterbore 9 of the tubes 5 and 6 so as to leave part of the nozzle-shaped bodies 7, 8 protruding.
  • grooves are produced in the graphite body at the cylindrical surface 11 through scoring action. The material from these grooves is present, for instance, in the form of powder and can serve as a lubricant during the pressing operation.
  • the configuration of the tubes 5, 6 with a counterbore 9 relieves the nozzle-shaped bodies of load in the region of the unengaged end of the body where a fracture could occur; this configuration also ensures a greater area over which pressure is applied at the engaged end of the nozzle-shaped body because there, the recessed region of the tube is aided by the adjacent bounding portion of the tube.
  • such an amount of interference relative to the tube counterbore 9 is preferably chosen so that in a temperature range between 40 and-+1 C, the permissible tensile stresses for the tube material (copper) and the permissible compression stresses for the material of the nozzle-shaped body (graphite) are not exceeded at any point of the engagement area wherewith the area pressure in the engagement area does not fall below the required value.
  • the part of the contact piece holding the nozzle-shaped graphite body of a material favorable for carrying rated current of the power circuit breaker; such a material is copper and the required strength properties are achieved by cold work-hardening. This ensures that the nozzleshaped body is subjected in the engagement area to a pressure that assures a friction fit without the copper flowing in the engagement area. Making the joint requires no particular heat treatment and no subsequent finishing of the joined parts is needed.
  • the contact system is described in the context of high-voltage power circuit breakers and particularly compressed-gas circuit breakers, it can be applied to other high-voltage equipment provided with a gaseous insulating medium.
  • it is, for example, possible to equip load disconnect switches with the contact system according to the invention.
  • a contact system for a high-voltage circuit breaker of the compressed-gas type or the like the contact system defining a gap which is blasted with the gas to quench an arc drawn thereacross when the breaker is switched to the open position, the contact system comprising at least one holow, nozzle-shaped contact piece defining one end of the gap when the breaker is switched to the open position, said contact piece including an electrically conductive tubular member made of cold work-hardened copper, said tubular member having end portion, a nozzle-shaped body made of arc-resistant graphite, said nozzle-shaped body being cold press-fitted into said tubular member at said end portion thereof so as to be held in surrounding engagement thereby in a friction-tight manner.
  • said nozzle-shaped body being dimensioned to have an amount of oversize of said cylindrical surface relative to said counterbore so as to cause the compressive stress developed in the material of said nozzle-shaped body and the tensile stress developed in said tubular member to remain within the respective allowable values therefor at all points of the engagement area of said nozzle-shaped body and said tubular member in the temperature range of 40C to +C.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
US00366541A 1972-06-20 1973-06-04 Contact system for a high-voltage circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime US3835274A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722230927 DE2230927C3 (de) 1972-06-20 Kontaktsystem für Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter
CH915673A CH554594A (de) 1972-06-20 1973-06-22 Kontaktanordnung fuer hochspannungs-leistungsschalter.
DE2350702A DE2350702C3 (de) 1972-06-20 1973-10-05 Kontaktsystem für Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3835274A true US3835274A (en) 1974-09-10

Family

ID=27176149

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00366541A Expired - Lifetime US3835274A (en) 1972-06-20 1973-06-04 Contact system for a high-voltage circuit breaker
US05/507,629 Expired - Lifetime US4032737A (en) 1972-06-20 1974-09-19 Contact system for high-voltage power circuit breakers

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/507,629 Expired - Lifetime US4032737A (en) 1972-06-20 1974-09-19 Contact system for high-voltage power circuit breakers

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US3835274A (da)
CH (2) CH554594A (da)
DE (1) DE2350702C3 (da)
FR (2) FR2189847B1 (da)
GB (1) GB1468589A (da)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4027124A (en) * 1973-08-02 1977-05-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact system for high-voltage power circuit breakers
US4032737A (en) * 1972-06-20 1977-06-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact system for high-voltage power circuit breakers
US20110120975A1 (en) * 2009-11-24 2011-05-26 Abb Technology Ag Gas-insulated high-voltage switch

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8029069U1 (de) * 1980-10-30 1988-05-26 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Druckgasschalter
CH659537A5 (de) * 1982-05-28 1987-01-30 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Kontaktstueck fuer einen elektrischen druckgasschalter.
DE19641550A1 (de) * 1996-10-09 1998-04-16 Asea Brown Boveri Leistungsschalter
US6965089B2 (en) * 2003-02-21 2005-11-15 Mcgraw-Edison Company Axial magnetic field vacuum fault interrupter
US7772515B2 (en) * 2005-11-14 2010-08-10 Cooper Technologies Company Vacuum switchgear assembly and system
US7488916B2 (en) * 2005-11-14 2009-02-10 Cooper Technologies Company Vacuum switchgear assembly, system and method
US7781694B2 (en) * 2007-06-05 2010-08-24 Cooper Technologies Company Vacuum fault interrupter
US8450630B2 (en) * 2007-06-05 2013-05-28 Cooper Technologies Company Contact backing for a vacuum interrupter
DE102018222782A1 (de) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Doppeldüsenschalter und Verfahren zum Schalten hoher Ströme in der Hochspannungstechnik

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB525244A (en) * 1939-02-21 1940-08-23 Reyrolle A & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to the insulation of electrical conductors or apparatus
US2580910A (en) * 1949-02-08 1952-01-01 S & C Electric Co Contact construction
FR1288091A (fr) * 1960-02-05 1962-03-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Disjoncteurs
US3211869A (en) * 1961-02-24 1965-10-12 English Electric Co Ltd Gas-blast electric circuit-breaker having contact fingers biased against auxiliary contact after disengagement from throat contact
DE1269230B (de) * 1966-11-03 1968-05-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Anordnung zum Sichern eines mittels Gewinde mit einem Tragteil verbundenen Kontaktstueckes

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2143914A (en) * 1937-10-09 1939-01-17 Mallory & Co Inc P R Copper-silver-beryllium-nickel alloy
US2178508A (en) * 1938-04-08 1939-10-31 Gen Electric Electrical switch contact
US2278592A (en) * 1940-04-23 1942-04-07 Stackpole Carbon Co Contact element
US2796495A (en) * 1953-12-23 1957-06-18 Baker & Co Inc Electrical contact elements
US3835274A (en) * 1972-06-20 1974-09-10 Siemens Ag Contact system for a high-voltage circuit breaker

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB525244A (en) * 1939-02-21 1940-08-23 Reyrolle A & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to the insulation of electrical conductors or apparatus
US2580910A (en) * 1949-02-08 1952-01-01 S & C Electric Co Contact construction
FR1288091A (fr) * 1960-02-05 1962-03-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Disjoncteurs
US3211869A (en) * 1961-02-24 1965-10-12 English Electric Co Ltd Gas-blast electric circuit-breaker having contact fingers biased against auxiliary contact after disengagement from throat contact
DE1269230B (de) * 1966-11-03 1968-05-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Anordnung zum Sichern eines mittels Gewinde mit einem Tragteil verbundenen Kontaktstueckes

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4032737A (en) * 1972-06-20 1977-06-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact system for high-voltage power circuit breakers
US4027124A (en) * 1973-08-02 1977-05-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact system for high-voltage power circuit breakers
US20110120975A1 (en) * 2009-11-24 2011-05-26 Abb Technology Ag Gas-insulated high-voltage switch
US8263892B2 (en) * 2009-11-24 2012-09-11 Abb Technology Ag Gas-insulated high-voltage switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2246955B2 (da) 1979-02-02
DE2230927A1 (de) 1974-01-17
DE2350702C3 (de) 1979-03-29
DE2350702B2 (de) 1978-07-27
US4032737A (en) 1977-06-28
FR2189847A1 (da) 1974-01-25
DE2230927B2 (de) 1976-05-20
FR2189847B1 (da) 1977-02-11
DE2350702A1 (de) 1975-04-10
FR2246955A2 (da) 1975-05-02
CH564841A5 (da) 1975-07-31
GB1468589A (en) 1977-03-30
CH554594A (de) 1974-09-30

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