US3834671A - Lowering apparatus - Google Patents

Lowering apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3834671A
US3834671A US00281018A US28101872A US3834671A US 3834671 A US3834671 A US 3834671A US 00281018 A US00281018 A US 00281018A US 28101872 A US28101872 A US 28101872A US 3834671 A US3834671 A US 3834671A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
drum
cylinder
cable
cam
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00281018A
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English (en)
Inventor
Mesnil Du Buisson G Du
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DU MESNIL DU BUISSON
Original Assignee
DU MESNIL DU BUISSON
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR7133903A external-priority patent/FR2153701A5/fr
Priority claimed from FR7202202A external-priority patent/FR2169419A6/fr
Application filed by DU MESNIL DU BUISSON filed Critical DU MESNIL DU BUISSON
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3834671A publication Critical patent/US3834671A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
    • A62B1/12—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys hydraulically operated

Definitions

  • a cable is wound around the drum and rota- 1 g tion of the drum due to a load on the cable is retarded by the action of an annular cam inside the drum which co-operates with a piston and cylinder device to cause ⁇ 56]
  • the invention provides a means of rapidly lowering a person without risk of injury or an object without risk of damage from a higher level to a lower level.
  • the invention is concerned with apparatus of the type comprising a drum, which is rotatable and carries a cable, and means of slowing down the rotation of the drum during the unwinding of the cable.
  • the main object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for lowering a load from one level to another, which can constitute an individual rescue apparatus, which is compact, small in size, low in weight, easy to use and capable of being used without human supervision a number of times in succession.
  • Another important aim of the invention is to provide an apparatus which is simple in design, inexpensive to manufacture, needs no maintenance and requires no regulation before use. Simplicity, low price, the lack of the need for regulation and maintenance, and the almost complete elimination of wear are essential requirements for an apparatus intended to be an individual rescue means.
  • apparatus for lowering a load from one level to a lower level comprising a support, a fastening means attached to the support, a hollow drum rotatable with respect to the support, a cable wound on the drum, and retarding means for retarding the rotation of the drum in the cable unwinding direction
  • the retarding means comprising at least one cam disposed internally of the drum and at least one cylinder arrangement including a cylinder, and a piston adapted to move relative to the cylinder against the action of a retarding element therein, either the cam or the cylinder arrangement being fixed with respect to the support while the other is rotatable with the drum during the unwinding of the cable, the profile of the cam being such that during the rotation of the drum it brings about relative reciprocating move ment between the cylinder and piston against the action of the retarding element.
  • FIG. 1 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section of a form of construction of an apparatus according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view in section along line IIII in FIG. I, and
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing a modified construction of this apparatus.
  • the apparatus illustrated as an example in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a casing 1, which is in the form of a frame and which serves to support the entire mechanism.
  • the upper side of the frame 1 is provided with a hook 2, and the bottom side has an opening 3.
  • the two lateral sides of the frame carry a central shaft 7.
  • the latter is able to turn about its axis, but at one end it projects from the frame and is provided with an operating square 7a.
  • On this square 7a can be fitted a crank 4, which is provided, in line with the handle, with a movable locking finger 18.
  • the crank When the crank is in a certain position, the finger 1% can be engaged in a corresponding recess provided in the side of the frame, as shown in FIG. 1. In this way, the shaft 7 can be locked at will to prevent rotation in relation to the frame 1.
  • the central shaft 7 supports a drum 5, on which is wound a cable 6 passing out through the opening 3.
  • the free end of this cable is provided with a harness (not shown) when the apparatus is intended for the rescue of persons.
  • the drum 5 is mounted on the shaft 7 by means of two ball bearings 19, which are illustrated diagrmmatically in FIG. 1.
  • the arrangement is such that when the finger 18 of the ctank 4ilocks the shaft 7 with respect to rotation, the drum 5 can turn about this shaft during the unwinding of the cable 6.
  • the shaft 7 and the drum 5 can be turned in the opposite direction with the aid of the crank 4, whereby the cable is rewound onto the drum 5.
  • two cams which are adapted to rotate with the drum 5 are fixed to the interior of the drum. These are two annular cams 8 with inner operative surfaces. The cams are disposed transversely, being held by screws on the inner surface of the drum 5 surrounding the shaft 7.
  • the shaft 7 is provided with a pair of perpendicularly related cylinders 20 connected end to end and disposed transversely, in the diametrical direction.
  • Each cylinder 20 contains a piston 21, which has a projecting end applied against the inner face of the corresponding cam 8.
  • the two chambers of the two cylinders are separated by a common transverse partition 22, but a passage 23 of small section establishes communication between the chambers 24 and 25, which are bounded respectively by the wall of the cylinders, the partition 22, and the pistons 21.
  • the chambers 24, 25 are filled with oil and the pistons 21 are fitted in the cylinders for fluidtight sliding.
  • the profile of the cam is such that the pistons are forced to move with equal strokes, so as to increase and decrease, alternately and equally, the volumes of the chambers 24-, 25.
  • an adjustable throttling element such as a needle screw, is provided to allow adjustment of the actual useful passage section 23 during the manufacture of the apparatus. In this way the rate of exchange of fluid between the chambers 24, 25 and, consequently the speed of displacement of the pistons and the retarding force applied to each cam 8, may be preset.
  • this means Through the action of this means, the speed at which a person attached to the cable by the harness at its free end is lowered can be pre-set to a selected value.
  • the number of sets of two cylinders disposed in the apparatus is not limited by the invention, and similarly the arrangement illustrated is not obligatory.
  • Each set comprising a cam, cylinders, and pistons, constitutes a retarding means capable of numerous modifications in respect of details.
  • a cylinder arrangement i.e., a cylinder with a piston and projecting piston rod
  • the operative surface of the cam could be that of a slot in which the end of the piston rod would be engaged. The cam would then positively impart reciprocating movements to the piston, the retarding fluid being driven from one side and the other of this piston.
  • the sets of two cylinders could be disposed longitudinally and fixed either on the cylinder 5 or on the shaft 7; the cams would then be disc type cams with an oblique operative face, disposed transversely and fixed either on the shaft 7 or on the cylinder 5.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a modification relating to the cylinder arrangement.
  • Each cylinder contains a piston 26 having two opposite piston rods 27, 28.
  • the two chambers 24, are bounded in the cylinder by a face of the piston 26 and the passage 23 is bored through the piston 26.
  • the diameter of this passage is predetermined and requires no adjustment. This diameter naturally depends on the fluid used to fill the cylinder. Any incompressible fluid capable of acting as retarding element may be used; the diameter of the passage 23 should be determined in dependence on the properties of this fluid and the desired speed for a given weight.
  • FIG. 3 also shows that it is possible for parts such as balls, rollers, or similar parts reducing wear, to be fitted on the ends of the piston rods in contact with the cam 8.
  • the apparatus of the invention is compact, that it requires no maintenance, and that it is subject only to very little wear. Being thus designed, its operation is regular and consistent. Adjustment having been made at the factory, the apparatus of the invention permits descent at a constant speed from start to finish, at a speed which is safe for persons whose weights range from 30 to kg. This is an important advantage for a rescue apparatus.
  • Apparatus for lowering a load from one level to a lower level comprising a support, a fastening means attached to the support, a central shaft on said support, locking means for selectively locking the rotation of the shaft with respect to the support, a hollow drum rotatable about said shaft, a cable wound on the drum, said drum being rotatable in a unwinding direction of the cable and in the opposite winding direction of the cable, and retarding means for retarding the rotation of the drum in the cable unwinding direction, the retarding means comprising a cam means disposed internally of the drum and at least one cylinder arrangement including a cylinder, and a piston adapted to move relative to the cylinder against the action of an incompressible fluid contained therein, either said cam means being fixed with respect to the shaft while the cylinder arrangement is rotatable with the drum during the unwinding of the cable or the cylinder arrangement being fixed with respect to the shaft while the cam means is rotatable with the drum during the unwinding of the cable, the construction and profile
  • cam means comprises at least one cam fixed to the inner face of the drum, while at least one cylinder arrangements is fixed to the central shaft.
  • tral shaft has an end which projects in relation to the support, said locking means comprising a crank including a movable locking finger adapted to engage in a hole provided in the support, the engagement of this finger with the support preventing the central shaft from rotating during the unwinding of the cable.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
US00281018A 1971-09-21 1972-08-16 Lowering apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3834671A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7133903A FR2153701A5 (de) 1971-09-21 1971-09-21
FR7202202A FR2169419A6 (de) 1972-01-24 1972-01-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3834671A true US3834671A (en) 1974-09-10

Family

ID=26216622

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00281018A Expired - Lifetime US3834671A (en) 1971-09-21 1972-08-16 Lowering apparatus

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3834671A (de)
DE (1) DE2242101C3 (de)
GB (1) GB1380799A (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4198033A (en) * 1977-09-14 1980-04-15 Dulondel Jacques System for transmitting and/or controlling rotary motion
US4367863A (en) * 1980-09-16 1983-01-11 Dulondel Jacques Torque limiter means for controlling rotary motion
US4416351A (en) * 1980-04-29 1983-11-22 Machinefabriek Geurtsen Deventer B.V. Reel for a life-line
US4432437A (en) * 1981-06-10 1984-02-21 Mcclung Thomas E Fire escape system
US4493396A (en) * 1983-03-14 1985-01-15 V Joseph Borgia Winch for safely lowering a person at a controlled rate
US4625933A (en) * 1983-10-13 1986-12-02 Societe Nationale Industrielle Aerospatiale Process and device for regulating the movement of a member by employing a fluid flow
US4653609A (en) * 1984-11-30 1987-03-31 Devine Millard J Controlled descent apparatus
US5046402A (en) * 1990-04-23 1991-09-10 Lagace Jean Hugues Rotary to axial motion converting device with groove in piston guide
US5586617A (en) * 1994-09-30 1996-12-24 Robert L. England Automatic emergency escape for tall structures
US6626265B1 (en) 2001-06-29 2003-09-30 Fids, Inc. Controlled descent apparatus
US20070029533A1 (en) * 2005-06-23 2007-02-08 Klaus-Jurgen Winter Support frame of a hoisting machine
CN105435381A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-03-30 茂名职业技术学院 一种自动控制匀速下降装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE19736T1 (de) * 1982-02-16 1986-05-15 Geurtsen Deventer Maschf Haspel fuer eine rettungsleine.
DE3924218A1 (de) * 1989-07-21 1991-01-24 Alfred Dipl Phys Seeger Abseilgeraet
US5971178A (en) * 1997-02-18 1999-10-26 Bruce E. Ratcliff Impact driven hoist

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB175591A (en) * 1921-02-15 1922-09-14 Claude Marie Crozet Improvements in brakes for vehicles
GB200653A (en) * 1922-05-25 1923-07-19 Max Share Improvements in means for use in or in connection with the launching of ships
US1761311A (en) * 1926-03-16 1930-06-03 Redmond James Dermot Lowering mechanism applicable for use in portable life-saving apparatus
US1912953A (en) * 1929-12-07 1933-06-06 Joe Soat Hydraulic brake
US2154690A (en) * 1937-10-13 1939-04-18 Samuel E Mcfarland Brake
GB750587A (en) * 1954-08-17 1956-06-20 Gustav Adolf Svensson Improvements in or relating to fire escape apparatus
US3595528A (en) * 1969-02-25 1971-07-27 Jalmari Selim Virkki Device for lowering persons and loads

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB175591A (en) * 1921-02-15 1922-09-14 Claude Marie Crozet Improvements in brakes for vehicles
GB200653A (en) * 1922-05-25 1923-07-19 Max Share Improvements in means for use in or in connection with the launching of ships
US1761311A (en) * 1926-03-16 1930-06-03 Redmond James Dermot Lowering mechanism applicable for use in portable life-saving apparatus
US1912953A (en) * 1929-12-07 1933-06-06 Joe Soat Hydraulic brake
US2154690A (en) * 1937-10-13 1939-04-18 Samuel E Mcfarland Brake
GB750587A (en) * 1954-08-17 1956-06-20 Gustav Adolf Svensson Improvements in or relating to fire escape apparatus
US3595528A (en) * 1969-02-25 1971-07-27 Jalmari Selim Virkki Device for lowering persons and loads

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4198033A (en) * 1977-09-14 1980-04-15 Dulondel Jacques System for transmitting and/or controlling rotary motion
US4416351A (en) * 1980-04-29 1983-11-22 Machinefabriek Geurtsen Deventer B.V. Reel for a life-line
US4367863A (en) * 1980-09-16 1983-01-11 Dulondel Jacques Torque limiter means for controlling rotary motion
US4432437A (en) * 1981-06-10 1984-02-21 Mcclung Thomas E Fire escape system
US4493396A (en) * 1983-03-14 1985-01-15 V Joseph Borgia Winch for safely lowering a person at a controlled rate
US4625933A (en) * 1983-10-13 1986-12-02 Societe Nationale Industrielle Aerospatiale Process and device for regulating the movement of a member by employing a fluid flow
US4653609A (en) * 1984-11-30 1987-03-31 Devine Millard J Controlled descent apparatus
US5046402A (en) * 1990-04-23 1991-09-10 Lagace Jean Hugues Rotary to axial motion converting device with groove in piston guide
US5586617A (en) * 1994-09-30 1996-12-24 Robert L. England Automatic emergency escape for tall structures
US6626265B1 (en) 2001-06-29 2003-09-30 Fids, Inc. Controlled descent apparatus
US20070029533A1 (en) * 2005-06-23 2007-02-08 Klaus-Jurgen Winter Support frame of a hoisting machine
US7377486B2 (en) * 2005-06-23 2008-05-27 Demag Cranes & Components Gmbh Support frame of a hoisting machine
CN105435381A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-03-30 茂名职业技术学院 一种自动控制匀速下降装置
CN105435381B (zh) * 2015-12-30 2018-12-25 茂名职业技术学院 一种自动控制匀速下降装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2242101A1 (de) 1973-04-05
GB1380799A (en) 1975-01-15
DE2242101B2 (de) 1974-07-25
DE2242101C3 (de) 1975-03-13

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