US3832867A - Circular knitting machine and articles knitted thereby - Google Patents

Circular knitting machine and articles knitted thereby Download PDF

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Publication number
US3832867A
US3832867A US00252011A US25201172A US3832867A US 3832867 A US3832867 A US 3832867A US 00252011 A US00252011 A US 00252011A US 25201172 A US25201172 A US 25201172A US 3832867 A US3832867 A US 3832867A
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
stitches
cylinder
needles
needle
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00252011A
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English (en)
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V Luchi
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Individual
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/12—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material
    • D04B1/123—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material with laid-in unlooped yarn, e.g. fleece fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/66—Devices for determining or controlling patterns ; Programme-control arrangements
    • D04B15/80—Devices for determining or controlling patterns ; Programme-control arrangements characterised by the thread guides used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/94—Driving-gear not otherwise provided for
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/06—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles with needle cylinder and dial for ribbed goods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/26—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles for producing patterned fabrics
    • D04B9/28—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles for producing patterned fabrics with colour patterns
    • D04B9/30—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles for producing patterned fabrics with colour patterns by striping
    • D04B9/32—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles for producing patterned fabrics with colour patterns by striping by wrap striping

Definitions

  • a knit fabric has longitudinally extending warp yarns bound into the stitches of the knit fabric.
  • a circular knitting machine includes a needle cylinder and a dial which carries an array of pairs of hooked members each of which pairs serves to bind in one longitudinal warp yarn.
  • This invention relates to a knitting process, a knitting machine and to knitted articles produced by the process and the machine.
  • a process of producing a knitted article comprising binding with a reciprocating motion a longitudinally-extending warp yarn into the loops of a longitudinal row of stitches of a knit fabric.
  • a knitted article comprising a longitudinallyextending warp yarn bound into the loops of a longitudinal row of stitches of the knit fabric.
  • a needle cylinder having a plurality of grooves corresponding to a number of Iongitudinal warp yarns to be bound into a knit fabric, a pair of hooked members slidable in each said groove, each said pair together defining an eyelet for the passage of a corresponding needle of the cylinder, one of the members acting as a guide for a longitudinal warp yarn whilst the other of the members has a step therein serving to retain the longitudinal warp yarn and the hooked members being resiliently separable to enable the transverse withdrawal of the members from a me dle engaged in said eyelet, means, combined with the cylinder to supply the longitudinal warp yarn, and means to advance the two hooked members before the corresponding needle which is engaged in the eyelet is lifted and to cause the hooked members to retract before said needle has been lowered, said advancing means acting on the said two hooked members independently of adjacent hooked members.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to the production of double fabrics having a transverse weft but can also be applied to a plain fabric without a transverse weft.
  • FIG. I is a partial sectional view of a needle cylinder of a circular knitting machine in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a stitch knitting zone of the needle cylinder showing the vertical needles of the cylinder and radial needles of a dial operating with two yarns, the illustration omitting the formation of the longitudinal warp for the sake of clarity;
  • FIG. 3 is a section similar to that of FIG. 1 but the section is taken at a double warp hook for the vertical yarn;
  • FIG. 4 is a section similar to that of FIG. 3 but illustrates the double warp hook in another position
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of the needle cylinder and of the dial and is intended to illustrate the manner of formation of a vertical warp;
  • FIG. 6 is an overall diametral section illustrating devices for setting up a vertical warp in accordance with the invention combined with the machine;
  • FIGS. 7, 8, 9 and 10 are respectively an enlarged front view, an enlarged section on the line VIIIVIII of FIG. 7, an enlarged front view opposite that of FIG. 7 and an enlarged section on the line XX of FIG. 9 to show the structue of a double-knitted fabric article having a horizontal and vertical weft and warp;
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 are enlarged front view of a structure of a knitted fabric with vertical warp corresponding to all the vertical rows of stitches.
  • the needle cylinder 1 has external longitudinal grooves to accommodate vertical sliding of latch needles 3 and the axis of the cylinder also extending vertically.
  • An outer rim 5 of the cylinder is secured by clamping members 7 to the cylinder 1 at the upper portion thereof.
  • Radial grooves in the cylinder and in the rim are provided for conventional sinkers 9 and these serve to engage the stitches and perform the knitting of the article in conjunction with the needles 3 and by further needles to be described hereinafter.
  • the dial 12 is rotated synchronously with the cylinder 1, benath a fixed structure 14 including control cams of the machine.
  • the dial 12 is driven by a hollow shaft 16 having a flange 16A which is of shallow frustoconical form and has a periphery matching the internal configuration of the dial 12.
  • the shaft 16 is journalled by bearings 18 themselves mounted in a sleeve 20 supported by fixed structure 14 and also-by a further fixed structure 22.
  • Rotation of the cylinder 1 and dial I2 is effected by a horizontal shaft 24, and a pinion 26 meshing with a ring gear 28 rigid with the shaft 16.
  • the needles 3 are lifted and lowered by outer cams.
  • a lifting cam 30 is provided for the needles 3 and a lowering cam 32 is provided for subsequent lowering of the needles 3.
  • a yam-guide 34 serves to feed a yarn M for conventional knitting by means of the verticallyreciprocable needles 3.
  • the lifting cams 30 can be operated conventionally but alternatively only a proportion of the needles 3 need be actuated.
  • the dial 12 has radial grooves equal in number to the longitudinal grooves of the cylinder 1 for the needles 3, and each lies intermediate pairs of adjacent needles 3.
  • the radial grooves accommodate radial, horizontal, latch needles 36.
  • one needle 36 is shown projecting beyond the periphery of the dial as a result of actuation by a high butt 36A, itself actuated by a cam profile 38 rigid with the structure 14.
  • a further cam is carried by the structure 14 and is intended to form a counter-cam control profile for the purposes hereinafter described.
  • the cam 38 and 40 control the operation of the radial feed in the centrifugal direction and of the radial re-entry of the needles 36 in the centripetal direction to effect engagement with the yarn and the clearing of a stitch.
  • a yarn-guide 42 serves to feed a binding yarn L, which is intended to be fed to the horizontal needles 36.
  • an arrow f indicates the sense of rotation of the needle cylinder, the control of the projection of the horizontal needles 36 and thus the return in the centripetal direction to engage the yarn L, is provided in advance with respect to the control of the projection of the vertical needles 3 and for their downward return motion for the engagement of the yarn M.
  • the arrangement is such that the yarn L is knitted by the needles 36, which are returning in the centripetal direction while the needles 3 are still raised. and the needles 36 knit the stitches with the yarn L engaging the loops of the yarn L against the raised needles 3. Only after the knitting and clearing of the stitches by the horizontal needles 36 as a result of their re-entry to the dial, are the needles 3 lowered which engage the yarn M and knit therewith the stitch, clearing the previous stitch.
  • a horizontal weft yarn T is fed rearwardly that is into the space enclosed by the array of needles 3 and beneath the array of needles 36.
  • the yarn T0 is fed by a yarn-guide 44 arranged in advance with respect to the yarn-guides 42 and 34.
  • the horizontal weft yarn T0 is caught between stitches L1 and stitches Ml (FIG. and is thus prevented from sliding longitudinally after knitting the article.
  • the yarn TO partially emerges and thus is visible predominantly on the surface shown in FIG. 9, when one uses a thin yarn L to knit the stitches Ll, whilst is predominantly in the surface of the yarn M forming the stitches Ml as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the horizontal weft yarn TO imposes resistance to yeilding in the direction of said weft.
  • the horizontal weft yarn TO when combined with a fabric wherein the yarn L forming the stitches L1 is thin, can be used to create a rear surface of different appearance from the front surface obtained with the stitches Ml of the yarn M. Moreover, horizontal patterns can be formed in the article by inserting subsequently horizontal wefts T0 or groups of horizontal wefts TO differentiated as to colour and/or nature of yarn.
  • the above illustrated fabric is an example of a knitted fabric with which the longitudinal warp according to the invention can be combined, but this weft can be alternatively used with a conventional knitted fabric.
  • a warp array of unknitted yarn may be engaged in the knitted fabric in a generally longitudinal sense, that is parallel to the needles of the cylinder.
  • pairs of members defining hooks for distributing a corresponding vertical warp yarn TV, are provided on the dial 12 in some of the radial grooves therein provided at appropriate angular spacings.
  • These pairs of members include a first hook member 48 having an aperture 50 for the vertical warp yarn TV and deviating over a section 48A from the radial direction, the section 48A being spaced from the end 488 and the hole 50 being included between the end 488 and the section 48A.
  • a second hook member 52 similar to member 48, forms each pair of hook members.
  • the arrangement of the pair of members 48 and 52 is such that a needle 3 can pass into the eyelet formed by the end sections of the pair of members 48 and 52 arranged in one of the radial grooves of the dial 112 which is adjacent to the needle under consideration.
  • This eyelet corresponds to the needle which is being raised as both needles 36 and, in substitution thereof, the pairs of hook members 48, 52 are advanced in the centrifugal direction in advance of the needles 3.
  • the hook members 48 and 52 have butts 48C (see F IG.
  • the vertical warp yarns TV are fed from bobbin holders which are constrained to follow the motion of the dial 12.
  • an additional disc structure 54 is mounted above the structure 14 carrying the earns 38, 40 coaxial with the shaft 16.
  • This disk 54 has a central aperture which is guided by sprocket wheels 56 which are carried by the fixed structure 14.
  • the disk structure 54 is synchronously driven with the needle cylinder 1 and with the dial l2, from the shaft 24 or from the shaft 16.
  • a stub shaft 58 parallel to the axis of the shaft 16 and carrying two gears or sprockets 60, 62 one meshing with an internally toothed rim ll6B rigid with the frusto-conical flange 16A and the other meshing with an internally toothed rim 54A of the disc structure 54, is provided on the fixed structure 14.
  • On the disc structure 54 several supports for bobbinholders 64, each of which can contain one or more than one of the vertical weft yarns TV to be fed to a similar number of eyelet hooks 48, 52.
  • Each vertical warp yarn TV guided by yarn-guides 66, reaches the end section of the corresponding hook 48 and passes from the outside of the pair of hooks 48, 52 through the aperture 50 which thus acts as a yarnguide.
  • the yarn TV is also returned (FIG. 5) on the radiussed end 52C of the hook 52 when the pair of members 48, 52 is advanced in the centrifugal direction to bring the eyelet formed thereby into alignment with the needle 3, which when lifted must pass through and move above the hook.
  • the yarn TV with the advance of the pair of members 48, 52, is brought in front of the needle 3 that is externally of the circumferential row of needles 3.
  • the vertical warp yarn TV forms a loop TVl (see FIG. 4) in front of the needle 3 under consideration.
  • the yarn TV forms a binding TV2 on the side of the stitches Ml (FIG. 7) and instead forms corresponding elongate portions TV3 of the opposite side (see F IG. 9).
  • the verical warp yarns TV have the function of stiffening the knitted fabric in the longitudinal direction, the binding of said yarns not being true knitting, but a winding which tends to become elongated far less readily then looped knitting.
  • An additional function of the vertical warp yarns is that of creating therewith a surface visible on one of the surfaces of the article more markedly than with the other surface, and in this way the possibility of forming longitudinal patterns in the article becomes apparent.
  • a longitudinal warp TV may be provided in any knit fabric, in practice and advantageously, it is convenient that the article involving vertical warp yarns, that is with a longitudinal yarn TV (forming bindings such as those denoted by TV2 and TV3) is an article involving a secondary knitted structure formed by the yarns L, setting up the stitches L1 as described, and also advantageously involving a horizontal weft TO, also as hereinbefore described.
  • the warp yarns TV and also the yarns TO may be of a nature such as to undergo a gauze operation, that is they may be relatively hairy and soft yarns, this enabling a gauze-like surface to be produced on one or on the other or on both surfaces of the fabric, and also to attain an appreciable fixing effect on the warp and weft yarns, in particular, on the yarns TO.
  • the yarn L corresponding to the vertical warp TV (TV2, TV3) is provided with lengths of joining yarn L2 between adjacent stitches Ll (FIGS. 7 to 10).
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 show a knitted fabric wherein vertical warp are provided corresponding to all the rows of stitches, that is correspong to all the needles of the cylinder.
  • the horizontal wefts TC can be provided or omitted as desired.
  • a dial having a plurality of grooves corresponding to a number of longitudinal warp yarns to be bound into a knit fabric
  • each said pair together defining an eyelet for the passage of a corresponding needle of the cylinder, one of the members acting as a guide for a longitudinal warp yarn whilst the other of the members as a step therein serving to retain the longitudinal warp yarn and the hooked members being resiliently separable to enable the transverse withdrawal of the members from a needle engaged in said eyelet,
  • said dial carries radially movable needles arrayed between the hooked members, said radially movable needles being arranged to knit a second yarn independent of the yarn supplied to the needles of the cylinder and being controlled by said advancing means.
  • a machine according to claim 1 further comprismg means for feeding rearwardly of the cylinder needles a horizontal weft yarn, said means acting to feed the horizontal yarn before the needles of the cylinder are raised.
  • a plurality of bobbin container mounted on the disc member.
  • a method of producing a knitted fabric comprising the steps of: knitting a yarn to form a main knit fabric with longitudinally extending rows of stitches, each being associated with a transversely extending course of stitches; feeding a longitudinally extending warp yarn along each vertically extending row of stitches, binding the base of each stitch in each row by wrapping said warp yarn about same during the formation of the main knit fabric; feeding a transversely extending weft yarn along horizontal course of stitches; and engaging the weft yarn between the stitches of the course and the corresponding lengths of the warp yarn.
  • a method as claimed in claim 6, comprising the step of: feeding a further binding yarn to form stitches of a second knit fabric, said last-mentioned stitches being interlaced with the stitches of said main knit fabric and being arranged on the side opposite the main fabric stitches in respect of said weft yarns.
  • a method of producing a knitted fabric comprising the steps of: knitting a yarn to form a main knit fabric with longitudinally extending rows of stitches, each being associated with a transversely extending course of stitches; feeding a longitudinally extending warp yarn along each vertical row of stitches, and binding the base of the stitch in each row by wrapping said warp yarn about same during the formation of the main knit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
US00252011A 1971-05-14 1972-05-10 Circular knitting machine and articles knitted thereby Expired - Lifetime US3832867A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT951471 1971-05-14

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US (1) US3832867A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
CS (1) CS178408B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
DE (1) DE2223552A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
FR (1) FR2139513A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
GB (1) GB1393021A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3943733A (en) * 1974-04-24 1976-03-16 Rockwell International Corporation Method and apparatus for producing a knitted fabric interlaced with insert elements
US3979927A (en) * 1974-06-12 1976-09-14 Giovanni Bessi Knitting machines
US4015443A (en) * 1974-04-19 1977-04-05 Vinicio Luchi Knitted fabrics having pattern effects
US4018063A (en) * 1974-02-25 1977-04-19 Alfred Buck Apparatus and method for producing meshware
US4570460A (en) * 1984-05-18 1986-02-18 Precision Fukuhara Works, Ltd. Warp feeding device for circular knitting machine
US20090151396A1 (en) * 2007-08-23 2009-06-18 Hu Ching-Sung Double Bevel Type Double-Knit Circular Knitting Machine
US20140202480A1 (en) * 2013-01-21 2014-07-24 Aderans Company Limited Wig base provided with camouflage strip on its periphery
WO2016086512A1 (zh) * 2014-12-02 2016-06-09 江南大学 筒形双轴向纬编三维针织结构的编织方法和设备
CN109914018A (zh) * 2019-04-16 2019-06-21 圣东尼（上海）针织机器有限公司 添纱衬垫组织编织工艺
US20220325450A1 (en) * 2019-06-17 2022-10-13 Santoni S.P.A. A circular knitting machine with an offset system for the stitch cam of the needle plate
US20240133088A1 (en) * 2022-08-11 2024-04-25 Denton Relland Circular sock machine and a method for its use

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2121837A (en) * 1982-05-25 1984-01-04 Courtaulds Plc Production of fabric incorporating laid-in yarn
GB9815828D0 (en) * 1998-07-22 1998-09-16 Bolton Inst Higher Education Directionally structured fibre geotextiles
CN104499171A (zh) * 2014-12-29 2015-04-08 泉州明恒纺织有限公司 方格健康布及其编织方法
CN104499172B (zh) * 2014-12-29 2016-06-29 泉州明恒纺织有限公司 长城格布及其编织方法

Citations (12)

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DE168686C (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) *
US226595A (en) * 1880-04-20 Eichabd f
DE477703C (de) * 1924-04-29 1929-06-17 Harcowo Sa Maschine zur Herstellung von Kulierwirkware mit Ketten- und Schussfaeden
US1742255A (en) * 1926-10-26 1930-01-07 R G Jennings Yarn Cleaning Mac Circular-knitting machine
GB327987A (en) * 1929-01-08 1930-04-08 Edwin Wildt Improvements in or relating to knitted fabrics, methods of knitting such fabrics, and knitting machines therefor
US1874198A (en) * 1930-02-19 1932-08-30 Harry Mcadams Knitting machine
US2004260A (en) * 1933-02-20 1935-06-11 Celanese Corp Knitting machine
US2018165A (en) * 1928-03-16 1935-10-22 Wildt & Co Ltd Patterning mechanism for circular knitting machines
US2186506A (en) * 1938-02-15 1940-01-09 George Blackburn & Sons Ltd Circular knitting machine for producing elastic fabrics
US2312963A (en) * 1937-11-02 1943-03-02 Monsanto Chemicals Plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin
US2637988A (en) * 1953-05-12 Knitting machine
US3621677A (en) * 1969-08-06 1971-11-23 Inc Enterprise Apparatus for producing a knitted fabric including interlaced insert elements

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE168686C (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) *
US226595A (en) * 1880-04-20 Eichabd f
US2637988A (en) * 1953-05-12 Knitting machine
DE477703C (de) * 1924-04-29 1929-06-17 Harcowo Sa Maschine zur Herstellung von Kulierwirkware mit Ketten- und Schussfaeden
US1742255A (en) * 1926-10-26 1930-01-07 R G Jennings Yarn Cleaning Mac Circular-knitting machine
US2018165A (en) * 1928-03-16 1935-10-22 Wildt & Co Ltd Patterning mechanism for circular knitting machines
GB327987A (en) * 1929-01-08 1930-04-08 Edwin Wildt Improvements in or relating to knitted fabrics, methods of knitting such fabrics, and knitting machines therefor
US1874198A (en) * 1930-02-19 1932-08-30 Harry Mcadams Knitting machine
US2004260A (en) * 1933-02-20 1935-06-11 Celanese Corp Knitting machine
US2312963A (en) * 1937-11-02 1943-03-02 Monsanto Chemicals Plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin
US2186506A (en) * 1938-02-15 1940-01-09 George Blackburn & Sons Ltd Circular knitting machine for producing elastic fabrics
US3621677A (en) * 1969-08-06 1971-11-23 Inc Enterprise Apparatus for producing a knitted fabric including interlaced insert elements

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4018063A (en) * 1974-02-25 1977-04-19 Alfred Buck Apparatus and method for producing meshware
US4015443A (en) * 1974-04-19 1977-04-05 Vinicio Luchi Knitted fabrics having pattern effects
US3943733A (en) * 1974-04-24 1976-03-16 Rockwell International Corporation Method and apparatus for producing a knitted fabric interlaced with insert elements
US3979927A (en) * 1974-06-12 1976-09-14 Giovanni Bessi Knitting machines
US4570460A (en) * 1984-05-18 1986-02-18 Precision Fukuhara Works, Ltd. Warp feeding device for circular knitting machine
US7591152B2 (en) * 2007-08-23 2009-09-22 Hu Ching-Sung Double bevel type double-knit circular knitting machine
US20090151396A1 (en) * 2007-08-23 2009-06-18 Hu Ching-Sung Double Bevel Type Double-Knit Circular Knitting Machine
US20140202480A1 (en) * 2013-01-21 2014-07-24 Aderans Company Limited Wig base provided with camouflage strip on its periphery
WO2016086512A1 (zh) * 2014-12-02 2016-06-09 江南大学 筒形双轴向纬编三维针织结构的编织方法和设备
US10233574B2 (en) 2014-12-02 2019-03-19 Jiangnan University Knitting apparatus for cylindrical biaxial three-dimensional weft knitted structure
CN109914018A (zh) * 2019-04-16 2019-06-21 圣东尼（上海）针织机器有限公司 添纱衬垫组织编织工艺
US20220325450A1 (en) * 2019-06-17 2022-10-13 Santoni S.P.A. A circular knitting machine with an offset system for the stitch cam of the needle plate
US12123116B2 (en) * 2019-06-17 2024-10-22 Santoni S.P.A. Circular knitting machine with an offset system for the stitch cam of the needle plate
US20240133088A1 (en) * 2022-08-11 2024-04-25 Denton Relland Circular sock machine and a method for its use

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1393021A (en) 1975-05-07
DE2223552A1 (de) 1972-11-30
CS178408B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) 1977-09-15
FR2139513A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) 1973-01-05

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